高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题十二句子成分基础巩固 (含解析)

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专题十二　句子成分基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2017课标全国Ⅱ)It takes them about an hour and a half 　　　 (go) to work every day. 2.The 　　　 (nation) park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.  3.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)I have grown not only 　　　 (physical), but also mentally in the past few years. 4.She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I 　　　 (admit) that I hadn’t. 5.Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see 　　　 (they) daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.  6.In many ways, the education system in the US 　　　 (be) not very different from that in the UK. 7.That young man is 　　　 (honesty), cooperative, and always there when you need his help.  8.When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I 　　　 (decide) to apply for the one that reflected my interest. 9.The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it 　　　 (publish). 10.It was really 　　　 (annoy); I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had recommended to me. 11.Nick’s guests, 　　　 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could to me.  12.Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 　　　(sudden) became friendly to one another.  13.(2015福建)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first 　　　 (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent.  14.September 30 is the day by 　　　 you must pay your bill. 15.The witnesses 　　　 (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 16.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed 　　　 (go) into the sports club. 17.I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach 　　　 (Ⅰ)how to use the computer. 18.I made a promise to myself 　　　 this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 19.You can borrow my car as long as you promise not 　　　 (drive) too fast. 20.To warm　　　 (he), the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other. 21.The 　　　 (fail) was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.   Ⅱ.单句改错1.Nowadays, cycled, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 2.Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remain an essential skill for our survival. 3.A sudden stop can be a very frightened experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed. 4.Mary was silence during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject. 5.Studies have shown that the right and left ear process sound different. 6.Know basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 7.Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. 8.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble think of the right things to say. 9.Before driving into the city, you are required get your car washed. 10.I noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people. 11.I also shared many photos taking in Beijing with my friends. 12.After waiting for half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. 13.He had time for a properly breakfast and was still the first to reach the factory. 14.When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city; I think I would be happy there. 15.There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times.                 答案精解精析Ⅰ.1.to go　“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”为常用句式,故空格处填to go。2.national　空格处在句中作名词park的定语,故填提示词的形容词形式national。3.physically　空格处在句中作状语,故空格处填提示词的副词形式。4.admitted　句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。空格处在句中与asked作并列谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,因此应用一般过去时态。故空格处填admitted。5.their　句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。空格处在句中作名词daughter的定语,故填形容词性物主代词their。6.is　句意:在许多方面,美国的教育体制与英国的教育体制并无太大不同。根据语境可知,该句应用一般现在时态,主语为第三人称单数形式,故空格处填is。7.honest　句意:那个年轻人诚实并且有合作精神,当你需要他的帮助时,他总是在那里。空格处在句中作表语,结合语境可知,空格处填honest。8.decided　句意:当最后决定课程的时候到了,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。空格处在句中作谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。9.was published　句意:这本字典已经过时了:自从它出版以来,很多单词被增加到了这种语言中。since是现在完成时的标志,从句用过去时,主句用现在完成时。故空格处填was published。10.annoying　句意:真的令人烦恼;我无法访问你推荐给我的数据库。空格处在句中作表语,结合空前的It可知,空格处填annoying。11.who　分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,先行词“guests”指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词who。故空格处填who。12.suddenly　空格处在句中作状语,因此空格处应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填suddenly。13.impression　句意:据说,肢体语言占第一印象的55%而你说的话只占7%。根据空前的定语first可知,空格处填名词impression。14.which　句意:9月30日是你必须付账单的日期。the day是先行词,关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语,故应用关系代词which。15.questioned　句意:警察刚才询问的目击者对于打斗过程的描述出入很大。空格处在句中作名词的后置定语,且表示被动完成,故空格处填过去分词questioned。16.to go　句意:因为杰克把会员卡落在家里了,所以体育俱乐部不允许他进入。空格处在句中作补足语,此处实际上是“allow sb. to do sth.”的被动形式,即“sb. be allowed to do sth.”,故空格处填不定式to go。17.me　句意:如果你教我如何使用电脑我将感激不尽。空格处在句中作宾语,结合语境可知,空格处填提示词的宾格形式。故填me。18.that　句意:我向自己承诺,今年,我在高中的第一年,将会有所不同。myself之后为同位语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故空格处填that。19.to drive　句意:只要你保证不开得太快,你就可以借我的车。动词promise之后应该接动词不定式to drive作宾语。20.himself　句意:为了给自己取暖,那位海员坐在火炉前,光着的双脚相互摩擦着。空格处在句中作宾语,结合主语和语境可知,空格处填反身代词himself。21.failure　句意:这次失败对他来说是个沉重的打击,可是他没有气馁,很快他又像以前那样情绪高涨了。空格处在句中作主语,结合空前的定冠词可知,空格处填名词failure。Ⅱ.1.cycled→cycling　句意:现在骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。前两个逗号之间的单词在句中作主语,而过去分词不可作主语,故cycled改为动名词形式。2.remain→remains　动名词短语“Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式,故remain改为remains。3.frightened→frightening　句意:突然停止可能是一次可怕的经历,尤其是当你高速行进的时候。4.silence→silent　句意:玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的,但是最后她说出了自己对这个话题的观点。在题干中,was之后应该使用silent作表语。5.different→differently　句意:研究表明,左右耳处理声音的方式是截然不同的。句尾的词在句中作状语,用于修饰动词process,故different改为differently。6.Know→Knowing　will之前的内容在句中作主语,故此处应用动名词作主语。7.happily→happy　系动词feel后应用形容词作表语,因此happily使用错误,happily改为happy。8.think→thinking　此处为常用句式“have trouble (in) doing sth.”,意为“做某事有困难”,故think改为thinking。9.required∧→to　根据“be required to do sth.”可知,get之前应该添加不定式符号to。10.noise→noisy　was之后应用形容词作表语,结合语境可知,名词noise应改为形容词 noisy。11.taking→taken　名词photos之后为非谓语动词作后置定语,且表示被动完成,故taking改为过去分词。12.impatiently→impatient　get之后应该接形容词impatient作表语。13.properly→proper　在名词breakfast之前应用形容词proper作定语。14.think→thought　根据语境可知,think使用错误,此处应用一般过去时态,故think改为thought。15.who→whom　第二个逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词作介词of的宾语,故who使用错误,应改为whom。