高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训9词义猜测之推测单词短语句子的含义含解析

这是一份高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训9词义猜测之推测单词短语句子的含义含解析，共5页。
Nt all awards are as nble as the Nbel Prize，which is wrld-famus fr giving prizes t peple wh made prgress in literature，science，ecnmics and—perhaps mst imprtantly—peace，even thugh mst cuntries have a system fr recgnizing，hnring and rewarding peple wh have dne smething gd in their cuntries，there are nw hundreds f awards and awards ceremnies fr all kinds f things.
The Oscars are prbably the mst famus，a time fr the film industry t tell itself hw gd it is.The awards are nt nly fr films—nw there are als Grammies，Brits，the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards fr music.In Britain，a writer wh wins the Bker prize，can expect t see their difficult，literary nvel hit the bestseller lists and cmpete with The Da Vinci Cde fr ppularity.The Turner Prize is an award fr a British cntemprary artist — each year it causes cntrversy by apparently giving lts f mney t artists wh d things like displaying their beds，putting animals in glass cases r—this year—building a garden shed.
Awards dn't nly exist fr the arts.There are nw awards fr Sprts Persnality f the Year，fr Eurpean Ftballer f the Year and Wrld Ftballer f the Year.This seems very strange — smetimes awards can be gd t give recgnitin t peple wh deserve it，r t help peple wh are n tight budget carry n their wrk withut wrrying abut finances，but prfessinal sccer players these days are nt shy f fund!
Why have all these awards and ceremnies appeared recently? Shakespeare never wn a prize，nr did Lenard Da Vinci.
Mst awards ceremnies are nw spnsred by big rganizatins r cmpanies.This means that nt nly the persn wh wins the award benefits frm it — but als the spnsrs.The MTV awards，fr example，are great fr publicizing nt nly music，but als MTV itself!
On the surface，it seems t be a “win-win” situatin，with everyne being happy，but let me ask yu a questin — hw far d yu think that publicity and marketing are winning here，and hw much genuine recgnitin f achievement is taking place?
【语篇解读】 本文作者对品类越来越多的获奖及获奖庆典提出了自己的疑问和看法。
1．Why des the writer write Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．T shw the imprtance f giving awards t peple.
B．T shw there are varius awards.
C．T tell us why s many awards appear.
D．T tell us hw peple win awards.
B [考查推理判断。根据第二段和第三段列举电影类奖项Oscars、音乐类奖项Grammies，Brits，the Mercury Prize and the MTV and Q awards、文学奖项Bker prize以及当代艺术奖项、体育奖项等等可知，作者写这两段是为了展示多种多样的奖项。]
2．What des the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Dn't need t carry n their wrk.
B．Aren't as famus as ther peple.
C．Aren't as imprtant as ther peple.
D．Dn't lack mney
D [考查词义猜测。根据前文“ help peple wh are n tight budget carry n their wrk withut wrrying abut finances”可知，此处是说现在专业足球运动员并不缺钱。]
3．Which f the fllwing statements may the writer agree with?
A．The win-win situatin satisfies all peple invlved.
B．Mst awards tday g t peple wh dn't really need them.
C．Awards shuld be given t peple with financial prblems.
D．Organizatins that give awards take advantage f awards ceremnies.
D [考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“This means that nt nly the persn wh wins the award benefits frm it...”可知，那些颁发奖项的组织或赞助者也同时从中获利。]
4．In the passage，the writer is mainly cncerned .
A．if awards g t peple wh really deserve them
B．if Nbel Prize and ther awards are still as nble as befre
C．that awards and ceremnies publicize the winners t much
D．that t many awards can d harm t publicity r marketing
A [考查推理判断。根据第一段的第一句及最后一段的末句可知，作者对获奖是否真的是对成就的一种认可表示怀疑，这篇文章也贯穿了这个思想。]
B
(2018·河北省“五个一名校联盟”模拟)Imagine this scene：it's blwing utside，and yu snuggle (蜷伏)up n the sfa under a warm quilt，chatting and recalling with yur clsest friends.
That cntent，csy feeling，has a name in Danish — hygge.And，as Denmark recently wn the title f “the happiest cuntry in the wrld”，the cncept f hygge is knwn t mre and mre peple interested in finding ways t understand this cncept.
Hygge — riginally frm a Nrwegian wrd meaning well-being — desn't have an exact equivalent (对应物)in English.It's ften translated as cziness，r as blgger Anna West tld the BBC，“cziness f the sul”．But，prfessr Maren Spark explains，“Hygge was never meant t be translated.It was meant t be felt.”
Basically，hygge invlves creating a warm，csy atmsphere and enjying it with yur lved nes.Danish winters are lng and dark，s achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this seasn.A typical hygge activity during winter culd be enjying delicius hmemade fd and light-hearted cnversatin with friends — preferably in the warm glw f candlelight，r maybe sipping a glass f wine in the ht tub after a day spent skiing.
Hwever，hygge isn't nly limited t the cld winter mnths —it can als describe that warm，fuzzy feeling yu get after a walk thrugh a frest with friends n a summer's day r a family barbecue in the park.Hygge is meant t be shared.
【语篇解读】 每年，丹麦人都会经历漫长而阴沉的冬日，可是丹麦却被认为是世界上最幸福的国家。文章向我们介绍了丹麦人是如何通过创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的。
5．The authr asks the readers t imagine the scene in the first paragraph t .
A．help the readers t calm dwn
B．intrduce the tpic f the passage
C．present the main idea f the passage
D．remind the readers f their past memries
B [考查推理判断。由文章第一段和第二段可知，作者让读者想象这个情景是为了引出文章所要介绍的话题“hygge”。]
6．What d the underlined sentences by Maren Spark mean?
A．The translatin f the wrd “hygge” is nt gd enugh.
B．Only Danish speakers knw what “hygge” means.
C．“Hygge” is easy t translate but hard t feel.
D．We can get the true meaning f “hygge” by feeling it.
D [考查句意理解。根据第三段可知，“hygge”这个词常被解释为“cziness”，下文由“But”引出“prfessr Maren Spark”的观点“‘hygge’不应该被翻译，而应用来感受”。由此可知，我们只有通过感受才能理解“hygge”的真正内涵。]
7．Which f the fllwing can be best described as a“ hygge” activity?
A．Skiing in the cld winter mnths.
B．Living thrugh lng dark winters.
C．Taking afternn tea with friends.
D．Walking alne in the frest.
C [考查推理判断。由倒数第二段的第一句可知，“hygge”与创造一个温暖舒适的氛围并与你爱的人一起分享有关。C项中的“Taking afternn tea”符合“creating a warm，csy atmsphere”，“friends”对应“yur lved nes”。故选C项。]
8．The authr writes this passage t .
A．explain B．persuade
C．cmment D．advertise
A [考查写作目的。纵观全文可以看出，文章采用情景介绍、概念介绍、举例说明的方式向我们介绍了一种创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的生活方式：hygge。故选A项。]
C
(2018·福州市四校联考)The idea that yu can use humr，laughter，and play t make yu healthier prbably seems t simple t be true.Hwever，it is really true and simple.The sense f humr，laughter and play plays an imprtant part in keeping yu healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense f humr，which is clsely tied t laughter.Laughter is infectius.Have yu ever heard a big laugh f a yung child and been able t keep yurself frm smiling? When laughter is shared between peple，it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness.Smiling is the beginning f laughter and a smile is als just as infectius as laughter is.Yu can experience smething by smiling at everyne arund yu，and yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile，even with a stranger.
Play is an imprtant part f making sure that we stay healthy.We are ften encuraged t make sure ur children play，and are tld f the benefits f being ut playing.Hwever，what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it's fr children.Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness.While the studies are still in the early stages，the studies that have been dne have shwn that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cgnitive(认知的)falling.
Anyway， adding humr，laughter，and play t ur life will influence us mentally，physically and scially and bring us many advantages.S we shuld make full use f humr，laughter and play t make ur life mre active，mre interesting and happier.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。
9．What des the underlined wrd “infectius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Playing an imprtant rle.
B．Keeping peple in high spirits.
C．Quickly influencing ther peple.
D．Preventing illness frm spreading.
C [考查词义猜测。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between peple，it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectius在此处意思为迅速影响其他人。]
10．What can laughter increase accrding t the authr?
A．Cgnitive ability.
B．Gd relatinships.
C．A sense f humr.
D．Happiness and trust.
B [考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between peple，it makes them clser t each ther and increases their yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile，even with a stranger”可知，在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。]
11．What des the authr think the ld shuld d?
A．They shuld have a gd rest.
B．They shuld play like children.
C．They shuld prevent cgnitive falling.
D．They shuld take part in physical play.
D [考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Hwever，what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it's fr children.Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。]
12．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Humr，Laughter and Play fr Health
B．Always Keep Our Bdy Healthy
C．Have an Active and Happy Life
D．Let Our Bdy and Mind Relax
A [考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Anyway，adding humr，laughter，and play t ur life will influence us mentally，physically and scially and bring us many advantages. S we shuld make full use f humr，laughter and play t make ur life mre active，mre interesting and happier”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。]