03 代词 备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版）

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 专题03代词易错题备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版） 代词的错误主要是由于上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系不清，重点考查代词的主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和反身代词。 【易错题01】人称代词的混用1. 【2021 新高考I卷】 As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _______(I).【答案】 mine【错误分析】 本题会错用代词宾格，因为设空处前面是介词，误以为介词后面用宾格形式做宾语。【解题思路】 考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。2. 【 2022 全国乙卷 改错】Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air population.【答案】 they 改为you【错误分析】 本句无语法和逻辑错误，但是不注重和上句的逻辑关系便很难改出此处人称指代的错误此题重在考查语篇的逻辑联系。【解题思路】 考查代词。上句主语是you，so表明和上句是因果关系，指代同一主语，故将they改为you。【易错题02】对all, both, either, any, neither, none的考查1. 【2022全国甲卷改错】One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better.【答案】 all改为both【错误分析】 设空处前面separate有两种词性，可以做动词。需要理解上下文知道此处做形容词。【解题思路】考查代词。由上句可知，此处一共有两者。二者用both，all用于三者或以上。 【易错题03】关系代词的误用1. 【2022 浙江 1 月】 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics________ are cutting back on air travel because of climate change.【答案】 who/that【错误分析】1.找不出真正的先行词； 2.不知道先行词的意思。【解题思路】考查关系代词。根据句子结构可知，先行词是academics.关系代词在此指人，并在从句中做主语。2. 【2022 新高考I 卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _________ live within the Giant.【答案】 that【错误分析】误填which，关系代词的特殊用法掌握不牢。【解题思路】考查关系代词。根据句子结构可知，先行词是species,关系代词在此指物，并在从句中做主语。先行词前有all，故填that。 1. Ecotourism has________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 【答案】its【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin一起作has的宾语；同时与空后的origin构成限定关系，因此应填形容词物主代词。句意：生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。2. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of________(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order."【答案】herself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，并且她的房子就是她的写照，每件东西都摆放整齐，品味也很好。3. 【2022全国乙卷 】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ______ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth --- A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。4. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ______ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。5. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。6. It has long been a dream for the Lao people to see their country change from a land-locked country to a “land-linked one”, and the opening of the new railway is a big step toward turning ________ (they) dream into reality.【答案】 their【解析】 考查代词。句意：老挝人民长期以来一直梦想看到自己的国家从一个内陆国家转变为一个“与土地相连的国家”，而新铁路的开通是实现他们的梦想的一大步。用形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名词dream。故填their。7. Even in high-tech Japan, ______is possible to see businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes.【答案】 it【解析】 考查it作形式主语。句意：即使在高科技的日本，也有可能看到商人、农民、母亲或工人在街上骑着自行车。句中涉及固定句型“it is/was + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.”，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”，句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构to see…。故填it。Its mass is more than twice than ______of all the other planets in. the solar system combined.【答案】 that【解析】 考查代词。句意：它的质量是太阳系中其他所有行星质量总和的两倍多。此处指代上文同类事物mass，且mass不可数，应用that指代。故填that。   1. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _______ a try.【答案】it【解析】it / running  give it / sth a try是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。An important factor affecting happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people. 【答案】that【解析】考查代词。句意：影响幸福感的一个重要因素是倾向于将自己的情况与其他人的情况进行比较。根据句意可知，此句是将自己的情况与其他人的情况进行比较，此处指同类异物，特指，故用代词that代替situation，故填that。Because of the interlacement (交织) of the lanes, every house is connected to the other, making ________ easy for local people to keep in touch with their neighbors. 【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意：因为道路的交织，每个房子都连接着，让当地人很容易和邻居保持联系。根据句子分析可知，此空句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后文的to keep in touch with their neighbors，故应用it做形式宾语，故填it。It spread around quickly and tens of thousands of people were infected. Zhong, 84, led_______ (he) team to fight the illness.【答案】 his【解析】考查代词。team为名词，修饰形容词性物主代词修饰。故填his。Many companies showed interest in hiring Liang, but Liang committed______ (he) to his former job as a teacher in Chongqing Technician College of Railway Transportation, as well as a coach in the Chinese Training Base in Electronics for WSC located in the same school.【答案】himself【解析】考查代词。句意：许多公司都有兴趣聘用梁，但梁仍投身于他之前的工作——重庆铁路运输技术学院的一名教师，以及位于同一所学校的WSC中国电子培训基地的一名教练员。结合句意表示“致力于……，投身于……”可知短语为commit oneself to，可知应填反身代词himself。故填himself。China’s writing system forms a strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with ______ (that) of the past.【答案】those【解析】考查代词。句意见上一题。此处特指上文所提及的过去的中国人和中国文化，表复数含义，应用those进行指代。故填those。When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find________ (they) alive.【答案】them【解析】人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine_______ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.【答案】themselves【解析】句意为：想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期。此处为“imagine sb doing sth”结构，living at a different time in history是动名词短语作 imagine 的宾语，反身代词 themselves 是living at a different time in history的逻辑主语。A few hours earlier, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with________(it) choking smog. 【答案】its 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its.The girl was sitting on the chair quietly, burying ___________ (she) in the magazine in the hands.【答案】herself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：女孩安静地坐在椅子上，把自己埋在手中的杂志里。与主句主语the girl相呼应，用反身代词herself，故填herself.My father kept ________ (him) word and treated me to a wonderful sightseeing trip after I won the contest.【答案】his【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我赢得比赛后，我父亲遵守了他的诺言，带我去游览了一番。keep one's word守信；遵守诺言，固定短语，设空处应用其形容词性物主代词形式。故填his.I wish to thank Mr. Smith, and without __________(he) help I would never have got this far.【答案】his【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我要感谢史密斯先生，如果没有他的帮助，我不可能走到今天这一步。因此空格处为his，故填his.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of ________（they）murdered by an evil wizard.【答案】them【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave           (you) well.【答案】yourself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yourself.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of ________ (us).【答案】ours【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈们在这片土地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find ________ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己……”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ______ (it) mother. 【答案】their【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.“She thought I had hurt ________ (I),”says Pahlsson.【答案】myself【解析】句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己”。根据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。Some spiders start breaking ______ (they) nets during the eclipse, just as they usually do at the end of the day.【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意：一些蜘蛛在日食期间开始破网，就像它们通常在一天结束时所做的那样。修饰后文名词nets应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest setting volume limits on personal audio devices. ______is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.【答案】It【解析】考查it。句意：这不仅可以减少被暴露在过高音量的时间，也可以让耳朵休息一下。本句为it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的不定式，故填It。As the third solar term in the lunar year, ______ (it) name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。修饰名词name，前用代词的所有格形式。句意：它的名字表明着冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，大地上万物复苏。故填its。Dahlquist had always delighted in listening to the baby birds chirp(鸟叫)to______ (they) parents during feeding time.【答案】their【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在喂食时间，达尔奎斯特总是很喜欢听小鸟宝宝对父母唧唧喳喳地叫。空后为名词parents，因此所填空应是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。When ______ comes to someone who gains a great achievement through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “awesome”, to describe him or her.【答案】it【解析】考查固定句型。句意：当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时，人们常常用“牛”来形容他或她，意思是“棒极了”。固定句型When it comes to…（当提到……）。故填it。The road ______（it）has already been completed, and now it’s only a matter of connecting the grid（输电网）, which is expected to be finished by the end of the year alongside the completion of the Jinan Expressway’s south section.【答案】itself【解析】考查反身代词。道路本身已经完成。此处用itself做同位语，故答案为itself。Even in high-tech Japan, ______is possible to see businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes.【答案】it【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：即使在高科技的日本，也有可能看到商人、农民、母亲或工人在街上骑着自行车。句中涉及固定句型“it is/was + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.”，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”，句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构to see…。故填it。Tests have been carried out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put______ in airports around the world.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意：该公司希望将其推广到世界各地的机场。分析句子结构，横线处需填put的宾语，再结合具体语境，横线处指的是上文提到的system，故填代词it。Involving _______ (you) in an activity that makes you breathe a little more heavily will improve the development of your heart and lungs and help them work more effectively and efficiently. 【答案】yourself【解析】考查代词。句意：参加一项让你呼吸稍微重一点的活动会促进你的心肺的发育，帮助它们更有效地工作。根据后文“makes you”可知此处指“让你自己参加”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。In 1995, Dr. Madan Kataria called on a group of students in a park to test whether adding regular laughter to people’s lives would improve_______ (they) well-being, Kataria also introduced deep breathing and simple yoga movesinto the exercises.【答案】【解析】考查物主代词。句意：同4题。well-being“幸福”为名词，需要用物主代词限定。故填their。Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and put ______ to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps from being removed by turning them into impressive works of art.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意：Gabi Rizea三年前才发现自己的木雕天赋，并好好利用了这一天赋，将数十根被砍伐的老树桩变成了令人印象深刻的艺术品。此处指利用“talent”，应用代词it。故填it。Its mass is more than twice than ______of all the other planets in. the solar system combined.【答案】that【解析】考查代词。句意：它的质量是太阳系中其他所有行星质量总和的两倍多。此处指代上文同类事物mass，且mass不可数，应用that指代。故填that。It spread around quickly and tens of thousands of people were infected. Zhong, 84, led______ (he) team to fight the illness.【答案】his【解析】考查代词。team为名词，修饰形容词性物主代词修饰。故填his。Many companies showed interest in hiring Liang, but Liang committed______ (he) to his former job as a teacher in Chongqing Technician College of Railway Transportation, as well as a coach in the Chinese Training Base in Electronics for WSC located in the same school.【答案】himself【解析】考查代词。句意：许多公司都有兴趣聘用梁，但梁仍投身于他之前的工作——重庆铁路运输技术学院的一名教师，以及位于同一所学校的WSC中国电子培训基地的一名教练员。结合句意表示“致力于……，投身于……”可知短语为commit oneself to，可知应填反身代词himself。故填himself。China’s writing system forms a strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with _______ (that) of the past.【答案】those【解析】考查代词。句意见上一题。此处特指上文所提及的过去的中国人和中国文化，表复数含义，应用those进行指代。故填those。Some spiders start breaking ______ (they) nets during the eclipse, just as they usually do at the end of the day.【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意：一些蜘蛛在日食期间开始破网，就像它们通常在一天结束时所做的那样。修饰后文名词nets应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest setting volume limits on personal audio devices. _______is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.【答案】It【解析】考查it。句意：这不仅可以减少被暴露在过高音量的时间，也可以让耳朵休息一下。本句为it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的不定式，故填It。As the third solar term in the lunar year, _______ (it) name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。修饰名词name，前用代词的所有格形式。句意：它的名字表明着冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，大地上万物复苏。故填its。Therefore, kite has _______ (it) modern name as fengzheng.【答案】its【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：因此，风筝有了它现在这个名字风筝。It形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。When _______ comes to someone who gains a great achievement through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “awesome”, to describe him or her.【答案】it【解析】考查固定句型。句意：当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时，人们常常用“牛”来形容他或她，意思是“棒极了”。固定句型When it comes to…（当提到……）。故填it。Dahlquist had always delighted in listening to the baby birds chirp(鸟叫)to______ (they) parents during feeding time.【答案】their【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在喂食时间，达尔奎斯特总是很喜欢听小鸟宝宝对父母唧唧喳喳地叫。空后为名词parents，因此所填空应是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。The road _______（it）has already been completed, and now it’s only a matter of connecting the grid（输电网）, which is expected to be finished by the end of the year alongside the completion of the Jinan Expressway’s south section.【答案】itself【解析】考查反身代词。道路本身已经完成。此处用itself做同位语，故答案为itself。