(2011-2020)高考英语十年真题分项汇编专题11 英语句法之定语从句 (含解析)

十年（2010~2020）高考英语真题分项详解11

英语句法﹒定语从句

1.(2010﹒福建)Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet       life has developed gradually.

A. that B. where C. which D. whose 2

【答案】B

【解析】先行词为planet, 表示地点, 故用where。

2.(2010﹒湖南)I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school         I met in the English speech contest last year.

A. who         B. where            C. when         D. which 

【答案】A

【解析】该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students, 且在从句中作met的宾语, 故选关系代词who, 即A项。

3.(2010﹒江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.

A where         B who           C which             D what

【答案】A

【解析】先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表地点用where。

4.(2010﹒山东)That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.

A. that         B. which         C. whose      D. What

【答案】C

【解析】句意应为 “那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用, 所以使用whose。

5.(2010﹒山东)Wind power is an ancient source of energy    we may return in the near future.

A. on which         B. by which          C. to which         D. from which

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which that we may return to in the near future.

6.(2010﹒天津)-----Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?

-----You should try the barber’s         I go. It’s only 15.

A. as          B. which     C. where       D. that

【答案】C

【解析】句意：—你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？—你应该到我去的那家理发店试试, 只需要15美元。句中the barber’s 是先行词, 从句中go 是不及物动词, 所选关系代词在从句中作状语, 所以要用where。

7.(2010﹒四川)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling,         turned out to be a wise decision.

A. that            B. which         C. when          D. where

【答案】B

【解析】此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为： “大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”

8.(2010﹒全国卷I)As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.

A. which   B. where    C. what    D. that

【答案】A

【解析】句意：还是孩子的时候, Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句, 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。

9.(2010﹒江苏)The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.

A. that     B. it    C. what     D. which

【答案】D

【解析】定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙

10.(2010﹒陕西)The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.  

A. where    B. which    C. its     D. whose

【答案】D

【解析】所填词引导定语从句, 先行词是the old temple, 关系词在从句中做roof的定语, 用关系代词whose, 选D。其余选项与题意不符。

11.(2010﹒全国卷II)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.

A. who   B. that  C. as   D. what

【答案】B

【解析】不定代词something作主语, 用that引导。

12.(2010﹒湖北)My mother was so proud of all ________（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)

【答案】that I had done

【解析】先行词是 “all”的时候, 定语从句只能由 “that”引导, 又因为主句是一般过去时,  “我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情, 所以要用过去完成时。

13.(2010﹒湖北)________(正如我们强调的那样)many times,  “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress)

【答案】As we have stressed

【解析】当句子以整个主句作为先行词, 又放在主句前的非限定性定语从句只能由 “as”来引导, 主句的内容作定语从句谓语动词的宾语

14.(2010﹒北京)Children who are not active or        diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.

 A. what          B. whose     C. which         D. that www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing

【答案】B

【解析】不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。较简单。本定语从句不缺成分, 为主系表结构, 因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的What不能引导定语从句。选B. whose谁的, 符合题意。

15.(2010﹒重庆)In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.

A. where   B. which   C. whose   D. that

【答案】C

【解析】development与先行词cities之间是所属关系, 所以选whose。句意是：在中国, 城市的数量在增加, 城市的发展被全世界意识到。

16.(2010﹒浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of        left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A. whom   B. which   C. them    D. those

【答案】A

【解析】由many之后的逗号和选项特征, 此处是主从句关系, 排除C、D项。由于先行词是 “1,000 people”, 表示人, 故用whom。句意为：这里居住着将近1000人, 他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。

17.(2011﹒全国卷I)The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.

A. that           B. which           C. whose          D. what

【答案】C

【解析】本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系，译为作者的故事，因此选C。句子的意思是：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。

18.(2011﹒全国卷II)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather

   A. this           B. that           C. what            D. which

【答案】D

【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除A和C；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除B。该从句应用which引导，which在从句中作主语，代指前丽的整个句子。

19.(2011﹒北京)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.

   A. who   B. which   C. what    D. that

【答案】B

【解析】逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句部分的内容。故选择which。

20.(2011﹒上海)You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.

A. which   B. where   C. when    D. as

【答案】A

【解析】先行词为the bus station，从句中谓语动词hire后差宾语，故用关系代词which。

21.(2011﹒山东)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.

A. they        B. where    C. what      D. that

【答案】D

【解析】关系代词that代替先行词small houses，在从句中作主语。句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。

22.(2011﹒江西)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.

A. for which  B. with which   C. of which   D. to which

【答案】C

【解析】先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间。介词用of。选C。

23.(2011﹒江苏)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.

 A. when          B. where       C. that           D. which

【答案】A

【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A.

24.(2011﹒安徽)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.

A. when     B. which     C. where    D. while

【答案】A

【解析】句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语；which在从句中作主语或宾语；while是连词，不能用于定语从句。

25.(2011﹒浙江)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.

 A. which    B. what    C. them     D. those

【答案】A

【解析】本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，所有应用关系代词which。

26.(2011﹒浙江)A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

  A. when    B. that    C. where    D. there

【答案】C

【解析】本句中的先行词是the place.，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。

27.(2011﹒福建)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which    B. where   C. what        D. who

【答案】A

【解析】分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。

28.(2011﹒福建)It was April 29,2001         Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.

A.that B.when C.since D.before

【答案】B

【解析】去掉It was及that后，April 29，2011不可以单独作时间状语，所以不是强调句型。用when引导定语从句修饰April29，2011。

29.(2011﹒四川)The school shop,  ________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.

 A. which         B. whose      C. when       D. where

【答案】D

【解析】此处whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店，——其主顾大多是学生，——因为放假就关门了。”

30.(2011﹒天津)The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.

A. when                B. that               C. where       D. which

【答案】A

【解析】句意为：when引导定语从句修饰The day。are gone为插入语。句意为：全部靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。

31.(2011﹒陕西)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend,  __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.

A. which         B. where         C. who        D. that

【答案】B

【解析】先行词是hill，表地点，定语从句we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .句子成分中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。，答案选择

32.(2011﹒湖南)Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _________ she spoke fluently.

A. who           B. whom         C. which          D. that

【答案】C

【解析】介词后只能使用的关系代词是which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是语言，故选C；句意：Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她说得都很流利。

33.(2012﹒浙江)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.

A. which B. who C. where D. whom

【答案】B

【解析】who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词Ellen（人名）。Which修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。

34.(2012﹒浙江)______We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.

A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which

【答案】B

【解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age（时代）. 此处的when=at which。

35.(2012﹒江苏)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently needed clean water,

medicine and shelter to survive.

A. which   B. who        C. where     D. what

【答案】B

【解析】指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。

36.(2012﹒重庆) Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales

A. which        B. that            C. when      D. where

【答案】D

【解析】“position”为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。因此，正确答案为D选项。

37.(2012﹒四川)In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.

A. in whom           B. in them            C. of whom        D. of them

【答案】C 

【解析】本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them

而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。

38.(2012﹒陕西)It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.

A. that    B. where  C. which  D.  what

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中做主语，选C。其余选项与题干不符。

39.(2012﹒北京)When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

A. that           B. which         C. where        D. when

【答案】B

【解析】非限制性定语从句，which作表语。

40.(2012﹒全国卷II)That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.

A. that   B. which   C. what   D. when

【答案】B
【解析】这里that evening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。

【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。

41.(2012﹒天津)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _______help I would never have got this far.

A.who      B. whose C. whom D. which

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词加关系代词引导的定语从句。根据句意没有他的帮助，我不会走这么远。故填whose表所属关系。

42.(2013﹒上海)An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one another.

A. that B. where C. who D. what

【答案】A

【解析】题干的意思是：“生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的”。分析句子结构，______ interact with one another是定语从句，先行词是the living and nonliving things，通过还原法可知，先行词在从句中作主语，不是人，所以用that。务必记住：what不可引导定语从句。

43.(2013﹒浙江)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.

A. what B. where C. when D. why

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰platform，where再从句中充当地点状语。解题思路：1.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句；2.查找先行词；3.判断从句主干是否完整，确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什么成分。句意为这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参观者可以看到正在建造一个大玻璃屋。

44.(2013﹒重庆)John invited about 40 people to  his wedding, most of    ________   are family members.

A.them       B.that      

C.which          D.whom

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查定语从句。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词that只能引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是people，which 只能指物，排除选项C；如果用them， 则逗号之后应该加上一个连词and，排除。

45.(2013﹒陕西)       is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.

  A. It              B. That              C. What             D. As

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查定语从句。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在从句中作主语，为正确答案；如果用it或者that，那么整个句子中缺少一个连词，排除选项A和B； 如果用what，逗号前面应该是一个主语从句，主语从句之后应该是谓语动词，而不是逗号之后再来一个句子，排除。句意为等医生到的时候，Amy好多了，孩子都这样。

46.(2013﹒四川)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment   ________ they live.

A.   what      B. which     C. when       D. where

【答案】 D

【解析】the environment是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，“他们生活在这个环境中”，故用关系代词where。

47.(2013﹒山东)Finally he reached a lonely island ________  was completely cut off from the outside world.

A. when  B. where C. which  D. whom

【答案】C

【解析】定语从句的先行词为island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用关系代词that或which；when和where引导定语从句时用做状语；而whom引导定语从句时做宾语。句意为最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。

48.(2013﹒山东)There is no simple answer,    ________  is often the case in science.

A. as  B. that C. when  D. where

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。That是不可以引导非限制性定语从的；而when和where引导定语从句时不做主语。句意为没有简单的答案，正如科学界的许多情况一样。

49.(2013﹒辽宁)He may win the competition,   ________    he is likely to get into the national team.

A.in which case  B.in that case  C.in what case  D.in whose case

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构，He may win the competition为主句，剩下的只可以为从句，故先排除B。本题中，in which case引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case。所以选A。

50.(2013﹒江西)He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.

A. what     B. which   C. where    D. how

【答案】C

【解析】解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中做地点状语，因此，正确答案为C。句意为他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。

51.(2013﹒江苏)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.

A.where     B.which     C.what  D.when

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词为 passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词 which。句意：世界银行总裁说他记得早在童年时代就开始了对中国的热爱。故B正确。

52.(2013﹒湖南)Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.

A. whom    B. who   C. what     D. which

【答案】B

【解析】who指代先行词those（那些人），在从句中做主语， whom不能做主语，which指物，what不能引导定语从句，故选择B。

53.(2013﹒福建)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.

A. whose     B. that    C. who     D. which

【答案】A

【解析】____ lives were affected.是定语从句，修饰those，从句的主语是____ lives，缺修饰语，所以选whose。

54.(2013﹒北京)Many countries are now setting up national parks  ________  animals and plants can be protected.

A. when  B. which C. whose   D. where

【答案】D

【解析】空处之后是一个定语从句，先行词是park，在定语从句中作地点状语，“in the park”，故应该选用关系副词where。句意为许多国家都在建立国家公园，可以保护很多动植物。

55.(2013﹒安徽)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,     ________ made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true

A.it  B.That C.what  D.which

【答案】D

【解析】首先根据句意确定逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，锁定正确答案是which；that 不能引导非限定性定语从句，排除；what不能引导定语从句，排除；如果用it， 根据句子结构，它的前面缺少一个连词，排除。句意为莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，使得中国人长久以来的一个梦想成真了。

56.(2013﹒天津)We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in today's newspaper.

A. that     B. which C.who      D.what

【答案】B

【解析】本句中which指代的就是前面整句话的内容，即我们又发射了一颗人造卫星这件事，可翻译成“这一点”。

57.(2013﹒全国卷II)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house______I would  be staying.

A. what  B. when   C. where  D. which

【答案】C

【解析】空处之后是一个定语从句，解题关键就是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。这个句子中，先行词是house，在定语从句中，做地点状语，即：I would be staying in the house，所以要用关系副词where。

58.(2013﹒全国卷I) “You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ________ .

  A. as the saying goes old      B. goes as the old saying 

   C. as the old saying goes      D. goes as old the saying

【答案】C

【解析】go old意思是“变老”，和题意不符，故排除选项A。选项B和D显然使用了全倒装语序，但本句不满足条件，不可能作为本题的正确答案。所以最佳答案是选项C，其中的as引导的非限制性定语从句，意思是“如……一样”。

59.(2013﹒浙江)The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.

A. all of what       B. all of which      C. all of them      D. all of whom[

【答案】D

【解析】非限制性定语从句，介词of后用whom指代着前面的children。解题思路：1.数谓语，句子中有两个谓语，需要连词，排除C；2.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句，排除A；3.先行词是人，排除B，选择D。

60.(2014﹒安徽)The exact year________Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.

A.when  B.Where C.why  D.which

【答案】D

【解析】本题先行词为year，在定语从句中作及物动词spent的宾语，因此选用关系代词which。

61.(2014﹒北京)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，________my classmates recommended to me.

A.who  B.Which C.when  D.where

【答案】B

【解析】根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为book，定语从句中缺乏宾语，加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选B。

62.(2014﹒福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities  ________  they can gain experience for growth.

A.who     B.when   C.which  D.where

【答案】D　

【解析】句意：学生应该使他们自己参与到团体活动中来，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长经验。根据句意可知，所填词引导定语从句，先行词是activities，并且从句中的主谓宾成分是齐全的，且不需要表示时间，故选择D项。

63.(2014﹒湖南)I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.

A. as  B. why C. when  D. where

【答案】 C　

【解析】句意：我一直期待着我的女儿能读懂这本书，能明白我对她的感情的那一天。关系副词when引导定语从句，修饰先行词day，在从句中作时间状语。

64.(2014﹒江苏)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work   ________ a good impression is a must.

A.which    B.When    C.as    D.where

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这本书在我的日常交流方面给予了我很大帮助，尤其是在必须给别人留下一个好印象的工作中。分析句子结构可知，先行词为抽象名词work，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。

65.(2014﹒江西)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.

A. which   B. what  C. where   D. when

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在水手们必须面对的许多危险中，也许最大的是雾。此题易误选C项，原因是没有分析清楚从句的句子成分。which在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词dangers，同时在从句中作face的宾语。

66.(2014﹒山东)A company ________profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.

A.which      B.whose    C.who      D.why

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一个来自国内市场的利润在下降的公司可能会寻找国外机会。a company是先行词，其后是定语从句，定语从句的主语是profits，缺少定语，故选B。

67.(2014﹒陕西)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.

A. that    B. which  C. as   D. what

【答案】A　

【解析】先行词是information，指物，关系词在从句中作及物动词have的宾语，且先行词用不定代词all修饰，关系词只能用that，故选A。

68.(2014﹒四川)Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected.

A.that  B.Which C.who  D.it

【答案】B　

【解析】此处which指代整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语。句意：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹集到了50 000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。

69.(2014﹒天津)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently.

A. all of which   B. each of which C. all of them  D. each of them

【答案】B　

【解析】句意：英语是一种被好几种不同文化共同使用的语言，每一种文化使用它时都是不同的。首先A 项和C项中的all暗示空格后用use，故排除A、C；根据空格后的uses使用的是一般现在时，可知空格处需用单数名词或代词，可选B、D；再根据uses是谓语动词，可知空格处是主语，只有each of which能作主语，并构成了定语从句。

70.(2014﹒浙江)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade，________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

A.when  B.where  C.which  D.why

【答案】A　

【解析】句意：我直到五年级才成为一个真正的攀登者，那一年我爬上了树枝去够一只被卡的风筝。该句中的先行词是the fifth grade，此处先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，应该用关系副词when。故选A 项。定语从句的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”。如果作主语和宾语，用关系代词who, whom, that和which；如果作状语，则用when, where, why等。

71.(2014﹒重庆)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.

A. which   B. where C. when  D. what

【答案】A　

【解析】此处先行词targets被in a month所扰，考生容易错把month当成先行词而误选C。targets在定语从句中作set的宾语，所以关系词应用which或that。故选A。

72.(2015﹒湖南)It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..

 A. as  B. where C. that D. which

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D

73.(2015﹒北京)Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.

A. which   B.that   C.when   D.where

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。

74.(2015﹒重庆)He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.

A. whom         B. which          C. them         D. that

【答案】B               

【解析】试题分析：句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。          

75.(2015﹒浙江)Creating an atmosphere       employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

A. as      B. whose        C. in which       D. at which

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析:句意:创造一种雇员感觉是其中一员的氛围是一个大的挑战 。这是一个定语从句，in the atmosphere“在氛围中"是一一个固定搭配。此处也可以是where. 分析句子结构和结合四个选项,知道在这里面所需要填的是连词。然后空格之前是一个名词，这种情况首先考虑的是定语从句。然后分析之后的句子是具备完整的结构(有了主语employees和宾语part of a team)所以这应该是需要一个充当状语的连词，如where,when。why由于when用于时间，Why用于原因，剩下的使用where,所以这里填where。但是答案没有这个选项，根据搭配介词+which=where及in atmosphere是固定搭配，不难得出答案。

76.(2015﹒天津)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.

A. where    B. which    C. when    D. who

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。

77.(2015﹒四川)The books on the desk,       covers are shiny, are prizes for us.

A.which     B. what      C. whose          D. that

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所有关系，故选择C，意为书的封面。句意为：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。

78.(2015﹒陕西)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time      he should be able to be independent.

A. which    B. where    C. whom   D. when

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。

79.(2015﹒福建)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

A. who B. whom C. that D. Which

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先That不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能做宾语。Which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。该句意思为：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。故选D

80.(2015﹒江苏)The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

A. it            B. which           C. what                D. as

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了17%。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选D项。考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。

81.(2015﹒安徽)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.

A. it    B. that   C. whose   D. which

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析:句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。it 不能引导定语从句;that不用于介词之后;whose作定语，其后需有名词;depend on/upon依靠，依赖，介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词，故选D。
82.(2016﹒江苏)Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A.of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析: 考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people, 关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。句意:很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想，其中大部分人都是受过良好教育。故C正确。

83.(2016﹒天津)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.

  A. that           B. where      C. which       D. when

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。

84.(2016﹒浙江) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

A. whom       B. which         C. what         D. that

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析：句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which引导。故选B。

85.(2017﹒北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

 A. that            B. as          C. where          D. when 

【答案】A

【解析】考查关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。

86.(2017﹒江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A. which             B. it’s           C. whose          D. whom

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……， whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。

87.(2017﹒天津)My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

A. that      B. whose     C. his       D. who

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析:本句是-一个非限制性定语从句， 先行词是My eldest son,根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。

88.(2018﹒北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which    B. who    C. as    D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。

89. (2018﹒天津)Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom    B. that

C. whose    D. her

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。

90. (2018﹒江苏)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

A. that    B. where

C. which    D. when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。

91.(2019﹒江苏) We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A. which B. what C. when D. that

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。

92.(2019﹒天津) Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.

A. why B. where

C. which D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。

93.(2019﹒新课标I卷)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【答案】One afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one  afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。

94.(2019﹒新课标II卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.

【答案】where

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。

95.(2019﹒新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.

【答案】who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。

96.(2019﹒新课标III卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.

【答案】

In the cafe, customers will enjoy  themselves in the historical environment  is created for them. 

【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。

97.(2019﹒浙江)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.

【答案】that/which

【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。

98.(2019﹒北京)The students benefiting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

【答案】who/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。

99.(2020﹒江苏)Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.

A. whose B. which C. when D. whom

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。

100.(2020﹒天津)Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.

A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示”Dr. Rowan’s “，表示”……的”，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。