(2011-2020)高考英语十年真题分项汇编专题26 完形填空之夹叙夹议类 (含解析)

这是一份(2011-2020)高考英语十年真题分项汇编专题26 完形填空之夹叙夹议类 (含解析)，共49页。试卷主要包含了(2020年，江苏卷），考查名词词义辨析，考查副词词义辨析，考查动词词义辨析，考查动词短语辨析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
十年（2010~2020）高考英语真题分项详解26
完形填空·夹叙夹议类
1.(2020年，江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 1 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 2 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 3 of knowing that his life was to change 4 . The class experiment that day was to 5 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 6 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 7 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 8 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 9 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 10 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 11 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 12 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 13 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 14 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 15 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 16 Wilson made to preventing the 17 .
Wilson received several international 18 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 19 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 20 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
1.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
2.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
3.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
4.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
5.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
6.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
7.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
8.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
9.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
10.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
11.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
12.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
13.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
14.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
15.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
16.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
17.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
18.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
19.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
20.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
【答案】ACADB CABBD DACDB CACDB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that...our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
7.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
10.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents...to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had...their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ...Wilson made to preventing the...”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as ..... He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)... public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
15.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success...fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the...in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
2.(2020年，天津卷，第一次）
For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school--- he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine （信条）and anything did I, 21 , copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could 22 my dad taking me to school, running into him 23 during the day and riding home with him every afternoon.
As I grew older, we were not as 24 as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more .He wore his socks too high, listened to 25 country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However, the 26 that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, 27 as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me！ I wanted to run away.
This 28 continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance .Things started to 29 around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The 30 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers 31 . So did my dad, the only administrator！ Embarrassed, as usual, I 32 the scene. 33 , later when I learned from my friends that my dad 34 all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my 35 was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I 36 in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won； it was more than that. I began to 37 that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to 38 him, he still influenced me.
I feel 39 to have such an unusual father. The 40 I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
21.A.temporarily B.naturally C.originally D.passively
22.A.apply to B.count on C.see off D.pick out
23.A.gradually B.previously C.regularly D.eventually
24.A.close B.reliable C.generous D.confident
25.A.creative B.familiar C.horrible D.live
26.A.failures B.coincidences C.competitions D.disasters
27.A.dressed up B.broken down C.settled down D.signed up
28.A.debate B.party C.progress D.struggle
29.A.happen B.change C.grow D.disappear
30.A.issue B.task C.lesson D.procedure
31.A.participated B.protested C.hesitated D.explored
32.A.fled B.investigated C.pictured D.made
33.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.However
34.A.convinced B.defeated C.ignore D.evaluated
35.A.confusion B.encouragement C.embarrassment D.fascination
36.A.recommended B.tolerated C.doubted D.appreciated
37.A.recognize B.demand C.argue D.estimate
38.A.approach B.limit C.resist D.believe
39.A.puzzled B.fortunate C.concerned D.awkward
40.A.strategy B.habit C.relationship D.potential
【答案】BBCAC DADBB AADBC DACBC
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过记叙作者的成长经历发表对父亲的一些看法和对父亲态度的转变的一些观点，那就是父子关系与成长的关系至关重要。这么多年作者和作者父亲的关系使得作者能回首看自己的成长经历。
21.考查副词辨析。句意：当我小弟时候，我父亲所说的一切都是信条，而我很自然的照搬。A. temporarily暂时地；B. naturally自然地；C. originally原始地；D. passively被动地。既然父亲说的都是信条，那作者自然地只有照做的份。故选B。
22.考查动词词组辨析。句意：我可以依靠他带我去上学。A. apply to申请；B. count on依靠；C. see off送行；D. pick out挑出。根据上文my dad and I have attended the same school可知，作者可以依靠父亲带作者去上学。故选B。
23.考查副词辨析。句意：在白天的时候有规律地遇见他，然后每天下午和他一起骑车回家。A. gradually渐渐地；B. previously之前；C. regularly有规律地；D. eventually最终地。因为其父亲是学校行政管理人员，故其行踪是固定的，其行动是有规律的。故选C。
24.考查形容词辨析。句意：随着我长大，我们不再那么亲密无间。A. close接近；B. reliable可靠的，值得信赖的；C. generous大方的；D. confident自信的。下一句He wasn't cool any more他不再那么酷。表明作者不再认为父亲是心目中的样子，自然也就起隔阂了，没有那么亲密无间的了。故选A。
25.考查形容词辨析。句意：他穿高筒袜子，听令人生厌的乡村音乐，大声地在我朋友面前笑，他完全变得让我难堪起来。A. creative创新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. horrible极讨厌的；D. live鲜活的。根据He became a total embarrassment.父亲听听令人生厌的乡村音乐。故选C。
26.考查名词辨析。句意：然而，学校里发生的一切灾难甚至更糟糕。A. failures失败；B. coincidences巧合；C. competitions竞争；D. disasters灾难。根据the worst one happened in seventh grade.可知，学校里发生的一切灾难甚至更糟糕。故选D。
27.考查动词词组辨析。句意：我父亲来参加我们的新年晚会，化装成唐老鸭，手里拿着吉他唱着愚蠢的歌曲。这比杀我还难受。A. dressed up化妆；B. broken down破产；C. settled down定居，安顿下来；D. signed up报名，签名。根据Donald Duck可知，参加聚会，且装扮成唐老鸭自然要化妆。故选A。
28.考查名词辨析。句意：这种挣扎的心理直到高中，但我不管怎么说开始寻求一种平衡。A. debate争论；B. party党派；C. progress进步；D. struggle斗争，挣扎。这么多年的经历告诉我们作者内心是纠结的，挣扎于与父亲的关系上面。故选D。
29.考查动词辨析。句意：事情的改变史与我十年级的一次物理课项目。A. happen发生；B. change改变；C. grow生长；D. disappear消失。根据I found that mixed in with my...was a touch of pride.可知，事情开始在作者十年级物理课项上发生了变化。故选B。
30.考查名词辨析。句意：这项任务是用最好的强度比率建造一座木桥。A. issue话题；B. task任务；C. lesson教训；D. procedure程序，步骤。既然是建造木桥，那么就是此次项目的任务。故选B。
31.考查动词辨析。句意：所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。A. participated参加；B. protested辩护，抗争；C. hesitated犹豫不决；D. explored探索。根据 So did my dad, the only administrator！可知，我父亲也参与了，他是参加的唯一的领导。所以所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。故选A。
32.考查动词辨析。句意：像往常一样我逃离了现场。A. fled逃跑；B. investigated调查；C. pictured画画；D. made制造。根据上文I wanted to run away.可知，像往常一样告诉我们作者感到尴尬，做出逃跑这样的动作也属正常。故选A。
33.考查连接副词辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里了解到我父亲击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹。A. Instead相反；取而代之；B. Otherwise要不然的话；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。接着下一句的内容：击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹时，作者的态度是发生了转变的。变成带有一丝自豪：a touch of pride.这与之前认为他父亲的行为让他尴尬的态度形成一个意义上的转折。故选D。
34.考查动词辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里了解到我父亲击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹。A. convinced令人信服；B. defeated击败；C. ignore忽略，忽视；D. evaluated评估，估计。从赢得了赞叹可以推出答案为击败对手。故选B。
35.考查名词辨析。句意：我发现我的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。A. confusion混乱；B. encouragement鼓励；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. fascination迷人，吸引人。根据上文之 He became a total embarrassment.可知，作者发现自己的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。故选C。
36.考查动词辨析。句意：我需要别人让我了解自己对父亲的欣赏之情。。A. recommended推荐；B. tolerated忍受，忍耐；C. doubted怀疑；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。上句说有一丝的自豪感，自然对父亲有一丝欣赏的感觉。故选D。
37.考查动词辨析。句意：我开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。A. recognize识别；B. demand需求；C. argue争论；D. estimate估计。根据we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions.可知，作者开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。故选A。
38.考查动词辨析。句意：无论我怎么抵制他，他仍然在影响着我。A. approach接近；B. limit限制；C. resist抵抗，拒绝；D. believe相信。根据前面的描述作者一直是嫌弃他父亲的行为的，所以在心理上是抵制他的。故选C。
39.考查形容词辨析。句意：我很幸运我有这样不同寻常的父亲。A. puzzled觉得困惑的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. concerned关心的，担忧的；D. awkward尴尬的，令人难堪的。根据such an unusual father. 可知，有这样不同寻常的父亲当然是幸运的一件事情。故选B。
40.考查名词辨析。句意：这么多年我和我父亲的关系使得我能回首看自己的成长经历。A. strategy方法，策略；B. habit习惯；C. relationship关系；D. potential潜力。根据has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.可知，全文所讲的父子关系，无论是嫌弃也好，还是感觉自豪也罢。这么多年作者和作者父亲的关系使得作者能回首看自己的成长经历。故选C。
3.(2020年，天津卷，第二次）
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 41 - -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 42 in a clever way. The 43 ? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 44 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 45 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 46 when she said that she didn’t actually 47 being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 48 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 49 to do something about it. He 50 the police department to allow him to 51 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 52 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 53 conversations.
The idea is catching on 54 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 55 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 56 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 57 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) 58 at being community minded- -it’s also a 59 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 60 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
41.A.choice B.discovery C.visit D.promise
42.A.experienced B.suffered C.prevented D.felt
43.A.solution B.puzzle C.excuse D.intention
44.A.pleasure B.prize C.credit D.money
45.A.eventually B.frequently C.previously D.occasionally
46.A.ashamed B.shocked C.excited D.amused
47.A.mind B.forgive C.risk D.enjoy
48.A.active B.lonely C.cautious D.stubborn
49.A.learned B.refused C.pretended D.decided
50.A.forced B.ordered C.convinced D.taught
51.A.put away B.make out C.tear apart D.set up
52.A.read B.claimed C.meant D.implied
53.A.formal B.joyful C.awkward D.crazy
54.A.randomly B.slowly C.quickly D.purposefully
55.A.positive B.disappointing C.correct D.embarrassing
56.A.realized B.examined C.discussed D.formed
57.A.break down B.put up C.keep off D.take out
58.A.glance B.attempt C.knock D.attack
59.A.heart-breaking B.risk-taking C.face-saving D.crime-cutting
60.A.forbids B.appoints C.encourages D.troubles
【答案】BCADA BABDC DABCA AABDC
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择；B. discovery发现；C. visit参观；D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案；B. puzzle谜；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐；B. prize奖品；C. credit信用； D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about £31,000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently频繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意；B. forgive原谅；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. cautious小心的； D. stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. decided决定。下文He…the police department to allow him to…a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. convinced说服；D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选C。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out辨认出；C. tear apart把……弄乱；D. set up设立。根据a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:“聊天愉快。” A. read写着；B. claimed宣称；C. meant意味；D. implied暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着……”应用动词read，故选A。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal正式的；B. joyful愉快的； C. awkward尴尬的；D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。
54.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly随便地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully有目的地。根据There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive积极的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. correct正确的；D. embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones' idea has been fully…-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help…the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选A。
56.考查动词词义辨析。句意:琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized实现；B. examined检查；C. discussed讨论；D. formed形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。
57.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A. break down打破； B. put up提供；C. keep off不接近；D. take out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知，“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。
58.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. glance一瞥； B. attempt尝试；C. knock敲打；D. attack攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。
59.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking冒险的；C face-saving顾全面子的；D. crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选D。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止；B. appoints任命；C. encourages鼓励；D. troubles麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知“聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选C。
4.(2020年，全国卷I）
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 61 is obvious. If we 62 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 63 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 64 . But our insisting it’s 65 a window has kept them from 66 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 67 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 68 .
I wonder if 69 should always tell the truth no matter the 70 . I have a very strong 71 that the lie we’re telling is doing 72 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 73 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 74 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 75 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 76 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 77 opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 78 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 79 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 80 to open them and walk through.
61.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case
62.A.admit B.believe C.mean D.realize
63.A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually
64.A.result B.danger C.method D.truth
65.A.merely B.slightly C.hardly D.partly
66.A.reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting
67.A.win out B.give up C.wake up D.stand out
68.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact
69.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers
70.A.restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences
71.A.demand B.fear C.desire D.doubt
72.A.physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral
73.A.traditional B.important C.double D.original
74.A.life B.time C.reply D.history
75.A.by comparison with B.in addition to C.regardless of D.instead of
76.A.get hold of B.stare at C.knock on D.make use of
77.A.real B.typical C.similar D.limited
78.A.safety rule B.comfort zone C.bottom line D.top secret
79.A.delay B.regret C.enjoy D.accept
80.A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend
【答案】CABDA DCBAD BCBAD BACDC
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。
61.考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
62.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认；B. believe相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
63.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say, "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
64.考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D. truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
65.考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
66.考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
67.考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。
68.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
69.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
70.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
71.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
72.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
73.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
74.考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
75.考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
76.考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
77.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
78.考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
79.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
80.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
5.(2020年，全国卷III）
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 81 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 82 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 83 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 84 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 85 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 86 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 87 .
I remember the first really 88 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 89 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 90 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 91 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 92 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 93 people.
That taught me a valuable 94 and I pass it on to the people who 95 in the market. Don’t take it 96 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 97 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 98 . If you do, you won’t be able to 99 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 100 everyone’s day.
81.A.shopkeepers B.customers C.salespersons D.receptionists
82.A.saying B.pretending C.guessing D.replying
83.A.agree B.promise C.imagine D.swear
84.A.forget B.decide C.discover D.assume
85.A.foods B.catalogues C.belongings D.goods
86.A.particular B.different C.matching D.natural
87.A.fighting B.smiling C.waiting D.changing
88.A.generous B.polite C.careless D.difficult
89.A.curious about B.displeased with C.patient with D.uncertain about
90.A.relaxed B.delighted C.surprised D.embarrassed
91.A.searched B.argued C.prayed D.apologized
92.A.by chance B.by herself C.on purpose D.on duty
93.A.rude B.such C.other D.lonely
94.A.lesson B.trick C.skill D.trade
95.A.work B.shop C.meet D.quarrel
96.A.kindly B.secretly C.personally D.casually
97.A.ready B.away C.up D.well
98.A.out of sight B.in the way C.behind the scene D.above the law
99.A.stress B.expect C.handle D.blame
100.A.ruins B.makes C.starts D.saves
【答案】BADCD ABDBC DBCAA CDBCA
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
81.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
82.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
83.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
84.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
85.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
86.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
87.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
88.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
89.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
90.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
91.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
92.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
93.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
94.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
95.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
96.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
97.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
98.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
99.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
100.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
6.
Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to 101 how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I 102 that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and 103 friends. While traveling was inspring and meeting people was 104 , nothing about my term in France was what I 105 .
The moment I arrived in Paris, I was 106 by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting 107 I received some shocking news from my program coordinator(协调人): there had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to 108 out of one family’s house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a 109 this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation (诱惑) to 110 my native language, I asked not to be 111 with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I 112 myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian(巴西人) the same age as I, who I was surprised to find playing one of my favourite CD! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the 113 .
I left France with many 114 , so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always 115 to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 116 France we enjoyed together. I love how people 117 seem so different, but end up being so 118 . The most valuabe lesson I gain from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people 119 to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign culture and gain meaningful 120 .
101.A.discuss B.express C.announce D.argue
102.A.approved B.knew C.warned D.denied
103.A.stubborn B.anxious C.universal D.interesting
104.A.exciting B.upsetting C.boring D.promising
105.A.doubted B.liked C.expected D.feared
106.A.greeted B.witnessed C.sponsored D.supported
107.A.since B.when C.until D.while
108.A.walk B.travel C.move D.rush
109.A.roommate B.leader C.housekeeper D.colleague
110.A.learn B.speak C.master D.appreciate
111.A.combined B.placed C.involved D.fitted
112.A.added B.adapted C.devoted D.introduced
113.A.month B.week C.term D.vocation
114.A.stories B.suitcases C.presents D.dream
115.A.embarrassed B.disturbed C.surprised D.concerned
116.A.analyzing B.investigating C.describing D.exploring
117.A.need B.can C.must D.shall
118.A.similar B.independent C.generous D.distant
119.A.and B.so C.or D.but
120.A.instruction B.date C.facts D.friendships
【答案】BBDAC ACCAB BDCAC DBADD
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者参加到交换生项目中来到了巴黎，刚到这里就被告知要更换寄宿家庭，却因此认识了一位巴西籍的好朋友，作者由此感悟到，要抱着尊重他人、开放包容的态度去面对这个世界。
101.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请信中，我很谨慎地表达了我有多想看看法国。A. discuss讨论；B. express表达；C. announce宣布；D. argue争吵，辩论。这里用信件或者说文字的形式，就是要表达自己想去法国的心情。故选B项。
102.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一知道我要去法国，我能想到的全都是出国旅行的快乐，还能结交各种新奇有趣的朋友。A. approved认可，批准；B. knew知道，了解；C. warned警告；D. denied否认。结合作者的表现和下文中去到法国的事实，这里应该指他得到通知，知道自己可以去法国了。故选B项。
103.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一知道我可以去法国，我能想到的全都是出国旅行的快乐，还能结交各种新奇有趣的朋友。A. stubborn固执的；B. anxious不安的；C. universal普遍的；D. interesting有趣的。与new并列，这里指结交新的、有意思的朋友，符合异国旅行的特点。故选D项。
104.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然旅游是令人鼓舞的、认识人们也是令人激动的，但我在法国的这个学期充满了我意料之外的事情。A. exciting令人激动的；B. upsetting令人沮丧的；C. boring无聊的；D. promising有希望的。这里与前文excitement对应，在作者看来，见到外国人、结交朋友是很让人兴奋的事情。故选A项。
105.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然旅游是令人鼓舞的、认识人们也是令人激动的，但我在法国的这个学期充满了我意料之外的事情。A. doubted怀疑；B. liked喜欢；C. expected期待；D. feared害怕。此处while作表转折的连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，前文尽述作者对出国的期待，下句作转折要表示这个学期与作者期待的并不一样。故选C项。
106.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚到巴黎时，一对将要成为我寄宿父母的法国夫妻就来迎接我。A. greeted问候，迎接；B. witnessed目击；C. sponsored赞助；D. supported支持。结合“刚到巴黎”这个时间点，这里应该指寄宿家庭来迎接作者。故选A项。
107.考查连词。句意：我的整段经历都是愉快、兴奋的，直到我收到项目协调人的一些令人震惊的消息。A. since自从，因为；B. when当……时；C. until直到；D. while虽然，尽管。分析前后句逻辑关系可知，这里要表达在后句的动作发生之前前句一直都是成立的，用until表示“直到”符合句意。故选C项。
108.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，我不得不从一个家搬到另一个家里去。A. walk行走；B. travel旅行；C. move搬动；D. rush冲进。既然第一个寄宿家庭不能提供寄宿了，作者只能搬到另一个家庭里去。故选C项。
109.考查名词词义辨析。句意：协调员告诉我这次我会有一个室友。A. roommate室友；B. leader领导；C. housekeeper管家；D. colleague同事。下文继续指出要共享卧室，显然是指室友，且后文中有roommate对应。故选A项。
110.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免讲母语的诱惑，我要求不要安排一个讲英语的室友。A. learn学习；B. speak讲话；C. master掌握；D. appreciate感激。作者要求不安排讲英语的室友，可见是为了多一些锻炼外语的机会，也就是尽量避免讲母语。故选B项。
111.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免讲母语的诱惑，我要求不要安排一个讲英语的室友。A. combined结合；B. placed放置，任命；C. involved参与；D. fitted适合。前文协调员在询问作者的意见，这里作者就要求不要安排讲英语的室友，place在这里意为“安置，安排”。故选B项。
112.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到新房间时，我向新室友Paolo介绍了自己。A. added增加；B. adapted适应；C. devoted奉献于；D. introduced介绍。新室友初次见面，肯定先要互相自我介绍。故选D项。
113.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个小时之后，我们就成了一学期的好朋友。A. month月份；B. week星期，周；C. term学期；D. vocation职业。作者以交换生的身份来到这里，结识的新朋友应该要持续到学期结束。故选C项。
114.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着很多故事离开了法国。A. stories故事；B. suitcases手提箱；C. presents礼物；D. dream梦想。从下文作者列举的一系列回忆中不难推断，作者在法国经历了很多，留下许多回忆和故事。故选A项。
115.考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到我说我的巴西朋友Paolo他们总是很惊讶。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. disturbed受到干扰的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. concerned担忧的。当人们问到在旅行中最喜欢的部分时，作者列出了一大堆都是与巴西朋友一起经历的事情，人们的反应一定是比较惊讶的。故选C项。
116.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些我们一起探索巴黎的周末。A. analyzing分析；B. investigating调查；C. describing描述；D. exploring探索。周内白天上课，晚上在镇子里，周末就应该是一起在巴黎这座城市里游玩，也就是探索巴黎。故选D项。
117.考查情态动词辨析。句意：我喜欢人们可以看起来如此不同，但归根结底又如此相似。A. need需要；B. can可以，能；C. must必须；D. shall应，会。作者从这次交换生项目中体会到的是，不同文化不同国家不同背景的两个人也可以成为无话不谈的朋友，要用can表示“可以，能够”。故选B项。
118.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢人们可以看起来如此不同，但归根结底又如此相似。A. similar相似的；B. independent独立的；C. generous慷慨的；D. distant遥远的。结合作者与巴西朋友的交好，正好体现了看起来不同的人也能找到共同语言、成为朋友。故选A项。
119.考查连词辨析。句意：我从法国学到的最有价值的一课是不仅要尊重法国人，更要尊重所有人。A. and和，并且；B. so所以；C. or或者，否则；D. but但是。前后句意呈现出递进的关系，要用not just...but(also)表示“不仅……而且……”。故选D项。
120.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于任何想要体验外国文化、获得有意义的友谊的人，我都会推荐交换项目给他。A. instruction指挥，命令；B. date日期；C. facts事实；D. friendships友谊。结合前文作者在交换项目中结识朋友可以推断，这里也要表示获得友谊。故选D项。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
7.
When my son Gene was about 12 years old, I started helping him learn to 121 , I bought twenty chickens and asked him to 122 them. I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would 123 the eggs from him. However，he would have to buy chicken 124 with the money he made from the eggs. Whatever money was 125 would be his to keep. Gene was 126 , thinking he would make his first 127 .
After several weeks’ successful work, I began to 128 that egg production was going down, I 129 nothing about it. Then one night, Gene told me he didn’t have 130 money to buy the feed. He said the chickens had never 131 a meal and he could not figure out why some of them had stopped 132 eggs.
Then I asked him if he had 133 the amount of feed he had given the chickens. He was 134 . It was like he did not think anyone would ever 135 what he had done. After a long 136 —he said yes. He thought he would make more money if he gave them 137 food. I asked him, “Did you fool the chickens?”
I was just astonished at the question in my own 138 . I was dumbfounded (惊呆）at the 139 of it. Yes. you can fool everyone else，but you cannot “fool the chickens," because 140 , you will find out, as the saying goes, "What goes around comes around."
121.A.cook B.share C.count D.work
122.A.take care of B.observe C.train D.play with
123.A.save B.borrow C.buy D.keep
124.A.nest B.soup C.meat D.feed
125.A.given back B.picked up C.left over D.brought in
126.A.thrilled B.worried C.satisfied D.discouraged
127.A.deal B.contribution C.fortune D.choice
128.A.hear B.notice C.predict D.imagine
129.A.said B.found C.thought D.recalled
130.A.private B.honest C.pocket D.enough
131.A.missed B.wasted C.enjoyed D.finished
132.A.hatching B.laying C.gathering D.hiding
133.A.balanced B.checked out C.cut down D.measured
134.A.delighted B.shocked C.tired D.disappointed
135.A.forgive B.allow C.discuss D.know
136.A.silence B.absence C.negotiation D.preparation
137.A.heavy B.fresher C.less D.solid
138.A.life B.job C.ease D.mind
139.A.explanation B.significance C.trick D.example
140.A.in this respect B.in the end C.in contrast D.in addition
【答案】DACDC ACBAD ABCBD ACDBB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过儿子养鸡的故事，告诫人们“种瓜得瓜种豆得豆！”的道理。
121.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的儿子大约12岁时，我开始帮助他工作。A. cook 做饭；B. share分享；C. count计数；D. work工作。由“I bought twenty chickens and asked him to...them ”可知，作者买了20只小鸡让儿子照顾。所以作者在帮助儿子工作，支持儿子工作。故选D。
122.考查动词/动词短语词义辨析。句意：我买了20只小鸡让他照顾。A. take care of照顾；B. observe.观察；C. train训练；D. play with和……玩。由下文“However，he would have to buy chicken 4 with the money he made from the eggs ”可知，养鸡是为了下蛋，所以作者的儿子要照顾小鸡，才能下蛋。故选A。
123.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我们将从他那里买鸡蛋。A. save挽救，节约；B. borrow借；C. buy买；D. keep保持。由“the money he made from the eggs”可知，作者告诉儿子要从他那里买鸡蛋。故选C。
124.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他要用卖鸡蛋的钱买饲料。A. nest巢；B, soup汤；C. meat肉； D. feed饲料。根据常识可以判断出，小鸡吃饲料，所以要用钱卖饲料。故选D。
125.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：无论钱剩多少都是他的。A. given back归还；B. picked up捡起；C. left over剩余；D. brought in引进，赚取。由下文“Gene told me he didn’t have 10 money to buy the feed ”可知，作者儿子所剩下的钱，不够买饲料了。所以本句父亲告诉儿子无论钱剩多少都是他的。故选C。
126.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gene感到很兴奋。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. worried担忧的；C satisfied满意的；D. discouraged丧失信心的。父亲买了20只小鸡让儿子照顾，且还答应他无论钱剩多少都是他的，所以Gene应该是很兴奋的。故选A。
127.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是他的第一桶金。A. deal交易；B. contribution贡献； C. fortune运气，财富；D. choice选择。这是作者的儿子第一次靠自己的双手赚钱，所以这是他的第一桶金。故选C。
128.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始注意到鸡蛋产量开始下降。A. hear听见；B. notice注意；C. predict 预测；D. imagine想象。由“egg production was going down”可知，作者注意到鸡蛋产品开始下降。故选B。
129.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始注意到鸡蛋产品开始下降。关于这件事我什么也不说。A. said说；B. found发现；C. thought想；D. recalled回忆起。由“Then one night, Gene told me he”可知， 作者于这件事作者什么也没说，而是儿子主动找到了父亲，先说的这件事情。故选A。
130.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那晚上他告诉我他没有足够的钱买饲料。A. private私人的；B. honest诚实的；C. pocket袖珍的；D. enough足够的。儿子告诉父亲自己没有钱买饲料了。故选D。
131.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说鸡从来没有错过一顿饭，不知道为什么有一些停止了下蛋。A. missed错过，想念；B. wasted浪费；C. enjoyed喜爱；D. finished完成。有一些鸡停止了下蛋，所以导致鸡蛋产量下降。故选A。
132.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知道为什么有一些停止了下蛋。A. hatching孵化；B. laying下蛋；C. gathering聚集；D. hiding躲藏。根据常识可知，鸡是下蛋的动物。所以laying“下蛋”符合句意。故选B。
133.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我问他是否减少了鸡的饲料。A. balanced平衡；B. checked out核查；C. cut down砍倒，下降；D. measured测量。由前文的鸡蛋产量开始下降，可知作者怀疑是减少了鸡的饲料的供应量。所以才问儿子他是否减少了鸡的饲料。故选C。
134.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很震惊。A. delighted高兴的；B. shocked震惊的；C. tired 劳累的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文It was like he did not think anyone would ever ________ what he had done.可推知，儿子应该是感到震惊。故选B。
135.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为没人知道他做的事。A. forgive原谅；B. allow允许；C. discuss讨论；D. know知道。作者的儿子自认为自己做的天衣无缝。别人不会知道的。故选D。
136.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他沉默长时间，最后说“是的“。A. silence沉默；B. absence缺席；C. negotiation谈判；D. preparation准备。由“he said yes ”可知，作者的儿子沉默长时间之后最终承认了是减少了鸡饲料的数量。故选A。
137.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果他给它们更少的食物，他会挣到更多的钱。A. heavy重的；B. fresher更新鲜的；C. less更少的；D. solid固态的。由前文的“ reduce”可知，减少了饲料的供应量，会节省成本，手里剩下的钱会更多。故选C。
138.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是对头脑中的这个问题感到惊讶。A. life生活；B. job工作；C. ease舒适；D. mind头脑，思想。由“Did you fool the chickens?”可知，这是作者头脑中的问题，所以问了自己的儿子这个问题。故选D。
139.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对它的重要性惊呆了。A. explanation解释；B. significance重要性，意义；C. trick诡计；D. example例子。由“What goes around comes around. ”可知，“种瓜得瓜种豆得豆！”这是这个问题的重要性所在。故选B。
140.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：你能欺骗任何人，但你不能欺骗小鸡，因为，最后你会发现，正如谚语所说“种瓜得瓜种豆得豆！”。A. in this respect在这方面，从某种意义上说；B. in the end最后；C. in contrast相比之下；D in addition另外。本句是对短文的总结，从而得出自己的哲理感悟。所以 in the end “ 最后”符合句意。故选B。
8.(2016年，全国卷II）
Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually 141 you. Everything they know about you 142 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 143 they feel they can know you 144 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 145 is.
Powerful, yes, but not always 146 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 147 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 148 me. I sometimes wished to 149 another agent.
One morning, I had to 150 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 151 . The woman sitting at the desk, 152 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 153 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 154 immediately. ＂What a wonderful lady! ＂ I thought.
Rushing out 155 I called out over my shoulder, ＂By the way, what’s your name?＂ ＂I’m Rani,＂ she said. I turned around and saw a 156 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 157 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 158 .
Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 159 — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 160 — were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.
141.A.accepted B.noticed C.heard D.met
142.A.came B.moved C.ran D.developed
143.A.Thus B.Yet C.Then D.Indeed
144.A.rather B.also C.just D.already
145.A.telephone B.voice C.connection D.impression
146.A.direct B.useful C.easy D.accurate
147.A.in person B.by myself C.in public D.on purpose
148.A.annoyed B.interested C.discouraged D.confused
149.A.promote B.train C.find D.know
150.A.arrange B.postpone C.confirm D.book
151.A.for the first time B.at any time C.from time to time D.in good time
152.A.expecting B.seeing C.testing D.avoiding
153.A.shy B.comforting C.familiar D.forced
154.A.bill B.form C.ticket D.list
155.A.hopefully B.disappointedly C.gratefully D.regretfully
156.A.careful B.serious C.nervous D.pleasant
157.A.amused B.worried C.helpless D.speechless
158.A.calm B.nice C.proud D.clever
159.A.forgiveness B.eagerness C.friendliness D.skillfulness
160.A.explanation B.attitude C.concept D.behavior
【答案】DABCA DAACD ABBCC DDBCB
【解析】本文属于夹叙夹议文。“我”通过电话与“我”的代理商Rani交流时发现，她比较“冷漠”，让我很生气，甚至有了换人的想法。后来实际生活中的一次接触让我发现原来“我”的看法完全是错误的。生活中的Rani是一个很善良体贴的人。以此告诉我们不要随意下结论，要全面思考问题。
141.考查动词辨析。句意：你们也许从来都没有见过面。A. accepted接受；B. noticed注意；C. heard听说；听见；D. met遇见。根据第一句可知很多人只是通过电话了解你，你们也许从来都没有见过面，只是通过电话交流。故D正确。
142.考查动词辨析。句意：他们对你的了解来自电话。A. came来；B. moved移动；C. ran奔跑；D. developed发展，开发。他们对你的了解来自电话，因为你们之间的距离通常非常遥远，甚至在千里之外。故A正确。
143.考查副词。句意：虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们觉得通过你的声音就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet。故B正确。
144.考查副词辨析。句意：别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。A. rather相当地；B. also也；C. just只是；D. already已经。本句使用just表示强调，别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。
145.考查名词辨析。句意：这就是电话的强大之处。根据6空后的“only by phone”可知这里说的是电话的强大之处，故A正确。
146.考查形容词辨析。句意：电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。A. direct直接的；B. useful有用的；C. easy容易的；D. accurate准确的。本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。故D正确。
147.考查介词短语辨析。A. in person亲自；B. by myself靠自己；C. in public当众；D. on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless相呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。
148.考查动词辨析。句意：Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很烦恼。A. annoyed 使烦恼；B. interested 使感兴趣；C. discouraged 使气馁；D. confused使困惑。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对她冷漠的声音很恼怒。故A正确。
149.考查动词辨析。句意：我有时想另找代理人。A. promote促进；B. train训练；C. find寻找，找到；D. know知道。正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另找代理人。故C正确。
150.考查动词辨析。句意：因为家中的紧急事情我要立刻预订回家的航班。A. arrange安排；B. postpone推迟；C. confirm确认；D. book预订。表示预定机票，故D正确。
151.考查介词短语。句意：我第一次去了Rani的办公室。A. for the first time第一次；B. at any time随时；C. from time to time有时，不时；D. in good time及时地，迅速地。因为情况紧急，所以我第一次去了Rani的办公室。故A正确。
152.考查动词辨析。句意：她看见我很着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。A. expecting期待，预料；B. seeing看见；C. testing检测；D. avoiding避免。故选B。
153.考查形容词辨析。句意：她给了我安慰的微笑。A. shy害羞的；B. comforting安慰的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. forced被迫的。她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。
154.考查名词辨析。句意：Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。A. bill账单；B. form表格；C. ticket票；D. list清单。由30空可知我要预订回家的机票，这里指Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C正确。
155.考查副词辨析。A. hopefully充满希望地；B. disappointedly感到失望地；C. gratefully感激地；D. regretfully遗憾地。对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。
156.考查形容词辨析。句意：我转过身，看见一个令人愉快的女人脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，招手祝我一路平安。A. careful细心的；B. serious严肃的，认真的；C. nervous紧张的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。现实生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方，是一个令人愉快的相处对象。故D项正确。
157.考查形容词辨析。A. amused好笑的；B. worried担心的；C. helpless 无助的；D. speechless无语的。现实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方，而我之前却认为她很冷漠，我真是无话可说。故D项正确。
158.考查形容词辨析。之前我认为Rani很冷漠，但却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此的美好善良。A. calm 平静的；B. nice美好的； C. proud骄傲的； D. clever聪明的。故B项正确。
159.考查名词辨析。句意：Rani的友善——她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她“我在这里为你”的态度——都是无声的信号，没有通过电线传递。A. forgiveness谅解；B. eagerness急切；C. friendliness友好；D. skillfulness熟练。从上文内容可知Rani对我非常友好善良，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。故C项正确。
160.考查名词辨析。A. explanation解释；B. attitude态度；C. concept概念；D. behavior行为。Rani善良友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani对我的友好态度。故B项正确。
9.(2015年，浙江卷）
Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives (高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now 161 on their way to impressive careers. By society’s 162 , they seem to have it made.
On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a 163 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and 164 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 165 a college year’s monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have 166 that despite their success, they aren’t happy. Some 167 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 168 . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 169 . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 170 to which they have so quickly become 171 .
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and 172 in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 173 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: it’s 174 . They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to 175 , retirement to save for. They recognize there’s something 176 in their lives, but it’s 177 to step off the track.
In a society that tends to 178 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 179 in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs 180 in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.
161.A.much B.never C.seldom D.well
162.A.policies B.standards C.experiments D.regulations
163.A.last B.least C.second D.best
164.A.cycled B.moved C.slid D.looked
165.A.shared B.paid C.equaled D.collected
166.A.advertised B.witnessed C.admitted D.demanded
167.A.complain B.dream C.hear D.approve
168.A.distribute B.hate C.applaud D.neglect
169.A.calm B.guilty C.warm D.empty
170.A.family B.government C.lifestyle D.project
171.A.accustomed B.appointed C.unique D.available
172.A.yet B.also C.instead D.rather
173.A.let out B.turn in C.give up D.believe in
174.A.fundamental B.practical C.impossible D.unforgettable
175.A.take off B.drop off C.put off D.pay off
176.A.missing B.inspiring C.sinking D.shining
177.A.harmful B.hard C.useful D.normal
178.A.measure B.suffer C.digest D.deliver
179.A.disasters B.motivations C.campaigns D.decisions
180.A.assessed B.involved C.covered D.reduced
【答案】DBABCCABDCAADCDABADB
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正含义，指出“物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福”这一价值趋向。
161.考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. much意为许多，B. never意为绝不，C. seldom意为很少，D. well意为好。根据前一句话“I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations,” 者的很多朋友已经成为“银行、咨询公司、法律事务所以及大公司等的高级管理人员”，此处表示“现在很多人在职业之路上是非常出色的”，well是“表现出色地，很好地”之意，符合语境。故选D。
162. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。 A. policies意为政策，B. standards意为标准，C. experiments意为实验，D. regulations意为规章制度。根据语境可知，从社会的标准来看，他们似乎已经创造了它。​根据空格前面的介词by及上下文语境可推知，此处表示“按照……标准”。故选B。
163. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. last意为最后的，B. least 意为最少的，C. second意为第二，D. best意为最好的。根据前面的“As they left student life behind...”可知，当他们离开学校时，很多人去便宜且友好的当地酒吧喝最后一次酒。所以选A。
164. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. cycled意为骑车或循环，B. moved意为搬家，C. slid 意为滑落，D. looked意为看。根据上文不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选B。
165.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. shared意为分享，B. paid 意为支付，C. equaled意为等同，D. collected意为收集，They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college year’s monthly rent.句意是：生活好了，预订的房间里的酒价格等同于大学一个月的房租。equal与……相等或相同，符合语境。故选C。
166.考查动词以及对语境的理解。 A. advertise意为广告，B. witnessed意为目击，C. admitted 意为承认，D. demanded意为要求。“The thing is, a number of them have that despite their success, they aren’t happy.” 意为很多人承认，尽管他们很成功，但是很不开心。admitted承认，表示人们的看法或想法，符合语境。故选C。
167. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. complain意为抱怨，B. dream意为梦想，C. hear 意为听到，D. approve意为证明。根据上一句的不开心，所以不难得出答案是抱怨。故选A。
168. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. distribute意为分发，B. hate意为厌恶，C. applaud意为鼓掌，D. neglect意为忽略。根据上文的不开心和抱怨，不能得出答案是厌恶。故选B。
169.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. calm意为平静，B. guilty意为有罪的，C. warm意为温暖，D. empty意为空的，累的。根据空格前后的语境，特别是feeling tired可推知，此处表示有些人并不尊重自己为之工作的公司，而且会感到厌倦和空虚，故此处答案为empty，意为“空虚的”与tired感情色彩一致。故选D。
170. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. family意为家庭，B. government意为政府，C. lifestyle意为生活方式，D. project意为项目。前文提到很多都是生活，如学校生活，工作生活，结合语境不能得出答案是生活方式。故选C。
171.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. accustomed意为习惯的，B. appointed意为指定的，C. unique意为独一无二的，D. available意为可利用的。“However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the to which they have so quickly become . 意为“但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现工作只是为了维持这种很快就习以为常的生活方式。”固定表达become accustomed to对……变得习以为常，习惯于。故选A。
172. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. yet意为但是，表转折，B. also 意为也，表递进，C. instead 意为代替，D. rather意为相反。此句是长难句。意为：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论，：这不可能。根据上下文可知，这里表示转折关系，故要用yet。所以选A。
173. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. let out 意为发出，B. turn in意为上交，归还，C. give up 意为放弃，D. believe in意为相信。然而，最后，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论：这不可能。。believe in相信，符合语境。故选D。
174.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. fundamental意为基本的，B. practical意为实践的，C. impossible意为不可能的，D. unforgettable意为难忘的。此句是长难句。意为：然而，最后，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论：这不可能。​联系下文可知，想法没有成为现实，impossible，意为“不可能的”。故选C。
175. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. take off 意为起飞，B. drop off 意为减少，C. put off意为推迟，D. pay off意为付清。句意：他们有借款、账单、抵押货款需要支付。​根据空格前面的loans，bills，a mortgage可知，此处表示“有借款、账单、抵押货款需要付清”。根据mortgage（抵押贷款）以及结合常识，不难得出答案。故选D。
176.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. missing意为失去，B. inspiring意为鼓舞，C. sinking 意为沉没，D. shining意为闪亮。句意是为他们意识到，在生活中失去missing了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。故选A。
177.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. harmful 意为有害的，B. hard 意为困难的，C. useful意为有用的，D. normal意为正常的。句意是：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。故选B。
178. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. measure 意为衡量，B. suffer意为遭受，C. digest意为消化，D. deliver意为运送。句意为：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量measure所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。用金钱来衡量一切的社会，金钱是人们进行判断事情的倾向，故选A。
179.考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. disasters 意为灾难，B. motivations意为动机，C. campaigns意为战役，D. decisions意为决定。句意为：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定decisions的经济代价。故选D。
180.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. assessed意为评估，B. involved意为涉及，C. covered意为覆盖，D. reduced意为减少。involved in 意为参与；涉及。句意为：我们参与追求钱高于意义的过程中，所涉及的个人以及社会代价呢？我们参与追求钱高于意义的活动过程。故选B。
10.(2012年，湖南卷）
"What's it like to have a gap between your teeth?" a girl asked me one day.
Nobody had ever 181 before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for 182 , 1 realized she was not trying to be rude. "I never think about it," I truthfully replied. She nodded and turned away. I was left wondering if people 183 me and saw only gappy teeth.
Later that day at home, I began to 184 my teeth again. I felt upset. I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have!
Of course, Mom 185 everything . She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was nothing to 186 When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important. "Let's be 187 though," she said. "If everyone got surgeries to become pretty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences."
Her 188 made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 189 .
Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream of "perfection." The 190 is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for 191 .
So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 192 I would truthfully answer. "You know? It's really cute."
181.A.faced B.guessed C.asked D.imagined
182.A.an offer B.an answer C.a suggestion D.a result
183.A.heard of B.thought of C.talked about D.looked at
184.A.consider B.brush C.cover D.appreciate
185.A.admitted B.noticed C.controlled D.changed
186.A.worry about B.put off C.give up D.wipe out
187.A.friendly B.lovely C.honest D.helpful
188.A.words B.jokes C.dreams D.acts
189.A.ability B.decision C.goal D.identity
190.A.possibility B.purpose C.truth D.choice
191.A.courage B.wisdom C.kindness D.beauty
192.A.once B.again C.too D.instead
【答案】CBDAC ACADB DB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我和妈妈对于自己牙齿缝隙不同看法的一则小故事。
181.从前没有人这么“问过”。指上文的问题。
182.小女孩问完之后，看着我，正真诚地等我“回答”。
183.本题干扰选项难排除。重点把握文中and逻辑，空格和saw必定有关，答案looked at；句意为：只剩下我一个人在那里想，是否有人看我时只注意到我的豁牙子呢？look at指看的动作；see指看的结果。
184.因后有again提示，故往前搜索，会发现对应wondering解题，答案consider为最佳；
185.妈妈“注意到”了这一切。这里指妈妈发现了我的变化。
186.她想让我相信长个豁牙子没有什么可担忧的
187.让我们诚实点。这里指不必刻意地追求美，有个豁牙子没什么，不必掩饰，要诚实点。
188.这里指上一段妈妈说的话。
189.它是我独特性的一部分。长个豁牙子正显示了我的独特。
190.事实上没有人是完美的。“事实真相”相当于their dream of “perfection”而言。
191.答案为beauty。有however，为转折逻辑。解题关键是要认识ugliness。一旦失去了丑的可能，美的可能也会失去。此处beauty和ugliness是对立的概念。
192.asked about之前出现过，因而答案为again；文章开头提到小女孩问问题，所以这里说如果这个小女孩“再次”问的话，我会如实回答。
11.(2011年，湖南卷）
People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello,” After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 193 the way I was doing things.
My 194 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 195 her books out of her locker .Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 196 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself he one had stopped to 197 her.
“OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”
My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 198 by himself waiting for the library to open ,so I sat down next to him and began a 199 .It was difficult to get started ,and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 200 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it ,And who could blame him?
People aren’t used to making an 201 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 202 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 203 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter, Together, we can really make come 204 as a whole.
193.A.change B.explain C.learn D.show
194.A.trouble B.doubt C.wish D.opportunity
195.A.took B.dropped C.got D.pulled
196.A.come out B.stand by C.go back D.turn up
197.A.please B.greet C.help D.praise
198.A.sitting B.walking C.riding D.running
199.A.discussion B.lesson C.report D.conversation
200.A.joke B.response C.cry D.story
201.A.unchangeable B.unprepared C.unforgettable D.unfinished
202.A.desperately B.frequently C.simply D.widely
203.A.allow B.warn C.order D.advise
204.A.tater B.straighter C.closer D.slower
【答案】CDBCC ADBBA DC
【解析】
193.change. 考查动词。根据文意，作者在思考了社区内人与人之间距离逐渐疏远这一现象后，决定改变之前的行为。值得注意的是，后文即对作者的行为进行描述，会发现第三段的最后一词即为change，符合前后对应原则，难度等级：中；
194.opportunity. 考查名词。一天早上，当我在社区图书馆的时候，我的…出现了。可以通过理解得出答案，但也简单按照完形名词解题法寻找重复，第四段第三个词即为答案，难度等级：易；
195.dropped. 考查动词。对应后文pick up，可知小女孩之前是将书掉落，选dropped，难度等级：易；
196.go back. 考查短语。根据文意，作者后来发现没人帮助小女孩，说明作者必定重新返回原来的地方，难度等级：易；
197.help. 考查动词。前文someone else和后文的no one对应，所以动作也应该对应，所以选help，难度等级：易；
198.sitting. 考查动词。后文so是解题点，说明作者的动作也男人的动作一致，故选sitting，难度等级：易；
199.conversion. 考查名词。名词寻找重复后发现，第44题后面一个词chat即为本题答案，因此选chat的同义词conversion，难度等级：易；
200.response. 考查名词。文章说我的新朋友的每个…中都显示出怀疑的语气。首先joke，cry，和story文中均未提及，直接排除，选response。另外，此题也对应上义词必选技巧，难度等级：中；
201.unprepared. 考查形容词。文章说，人们对于一个陌生人并不习惯于进行…的交谈。此句是由前文作者对于陌生人的反应而总结出来的。前文作者对陌生人的交谈很不顺利，如何开始如何结束都显得十分困难，因此本题应选择与困难相近的词。纵观备选项，unprepared,未准备好的，即兴的较符合文意。此题考查文章归纳总结能力，难度等级：难；
202.Desperately. 考查副词。文章说，无论和陌生交谈方式改变的需要无论是…，它都不会发生。此题单纯从文意理解比较困难，建议用排除法。frequently, simply, widely这三个选项均不是文章讨论的内容，可以排除，剩下答案desperately:十分，非常地，修饰这种需要的迫切程度。考生无法直接选出此题的原因在于不知道此单词的这种用法。难度等级：难；
203.advise. 考查动词。最后一段作者针对与陌生人疏远这种情况，建议人们努力改善，答案容易得出。难度等级：易；
204.C: closer。对应第一段的apart，此处应选择相对应的反义词，closer。难度等级：易。
12.(2009年，江苏卷）
The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must 205 sixty hours of service learning, 206 they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. 207 of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. 208 a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a 209 about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 210 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think 211 their own interests and become 212 of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real­life skills that 213 responsibility, problem­solving, and working as part of a team. 214 students can explore possible careers 215 service learning. For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month.
216 there are many benefits, opponents 217 problems with the new requirement. First, they 218 that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is time­consuming, students spend 219 time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without 220 goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an individual’s freedom to choose.
In my view, service learning is a great way to 221 to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. 222 , I don’t believe you should force people to help others — the 223 to help must come from the heart. I think the best 224 is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.
205.A.spend B.gain C.complete D.save
206.A.and B.or C.but D.for
207.A.Subjects B.Ideas C.Procedures D.Examples
208.A.With B.Before C.During D.After
209.A.diary B.report C.note D.notice
210.A.courses B.benefits C.challenges D.features
211.A.beyond B.about C.over D.in
212.A.careful B.proud C.tired D.aware
213.A.possess B.apply C.include D.develop
214.A.Gradually B.Finally C.Luckily D.Hopefully
215.A.through B.across C.of D.on
216.A.So B.Thus C.Since D.While
217.A.deal with B.look into C.point out D.take down
218.A.argue B.doubt C.overlook D.admit
219.A.much B.full C.less D.more
220.A.cost B.pay C.care D.praise
221.A.contribute B.appeal C.attend D.belong
222.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Besides D.However
223.A.courage B.desire C.emotion D.spirit
224.A.decision B.purpose C.solution D.result
【答案】CBDCB BADCB ADCAC BADBC
【解析】本文介绍高中生从事服务学习(service learning)(或称社会实践)的好处和人们对高中生是否应该社会实践的不同看法。
205.C考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. spend 花费，度过；B. gain 获得；C. complete完成；D. save节约。句意：所有的学生必须完成60小时的社会服务学习。可知选C。
206.B考查连词辨析及语境理解。A. and而且，和；B. or 否则；C. but但是； D. for为。否则他们就得不到毕业证。 故选B。
207.D考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. 观点；B. 想法，主意；C. 程序，步骤；D. 例子。下文of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student.这些都是服务学习的例子。句意：服务学习的例子包括清洁污染的河流，在施粥场工作或者辅导学生。故选D。
208.C考查介词词义辨析及语境理解。A. With随着，和；B. Before在…之前；C. During在…期间； D. After在…之后。在服务学习期间，学生必须写日志然后就他们学了什么写一篇报告。选C。
209.B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. diary日记；B. report报告； C. note笔记；D. notice注意。句意: 就他们学了什么写一篇报告。故选B。
210.B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. courses 课程；B. benefits益处； C. challenge挑战；D. features特征到。根据上半句“Supporters claim that there are many”中“supporters”。可知选B。句意：支持者声称服务学习有很多益处。
211.A考查介词词义辨析及语境理解。A. beyond 超出…范围；B. about关于； C. over超过，在…之上；D. in在…里面。句意：学生被迫超出他们的利益范围去思考。故选A。
212.D考查形容词的辨析及语境理解。A. careful小心的；B. pround骄傲的；C. tired疲惫的；D. aware意识到的。become aware of意识到。意识到其他人的需要。选D。
213.C考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。 A.possess拥有；B. apply应用；D.develop发展；C. include包括。根据第一段第四句service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student.可知，选C。此处考原词重现。
214.B考查副词词义的辨析及语境理解。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Finally最后；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据本段第二句“Perhaps most importantly”,根据本段第三句的“also”，可知本段讲服务学习的好处，本句是最后一个。故选B。
215.A考查介词词义的辨析及语境理解。A.through通过；B.across穿过；C. of…的；D. on在…上面。文意：通过服务学习学生发现可能的职业。故选A。
216.D考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。A. So所以；B. Thus这样；C. Since自从；D. While虽然。句意：虽然服务学习有很多益处，反对者指出新要求的问题。故选D。
217.C考查动词的辨析。A. deal with处理；B. look into调查；C. point out指出；D. take down记下。反对者指出新要求的问题。故选C。
218.A考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. argue争论；B. doubt怀疑； C. overlook忽视；D. admit承认。根据第三段第一句：opponentsproblems with the new requirement.中“opponents反对者”，可知此处是争论的意思。故选 A。
219.C考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A.much很多；B. full满的；C. less更少；D. more更多。根据句子“Because service learning is time-consuming, students spendtime studying the core subjects.”服务学习是要花时间的，所以学生用在主要科目的学习时间就更少了。故选C。
220.B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. cost花费；B. pay买，付报酬；C. care关心；D. praise 表扬。根据下半句goes against the law.可知让学生工作而不付报酬是违法的。故选B。
221.A考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. contribute贡献出; 捐赠；B. appeal吸引；C. attend参加，照顾；D. belong属于。此处contribute to是固定搭配，促进，有助于。句意：我认为服务学习是有助于社会，故选A。
222.D考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides除此之外；D. However然而。根据service learning is a great way toto the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. , I don’t believe you should force people to help others句意：我认为服务学习是有益于社会，学到新技能，探索不同的职业的好方法，然而我不认为应该强迫学生去参加。故选D。
223.B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. courage勇气；B. desire愿望；C. emotion情绪；D. spirit精神。句意：帮助别人的愿望是发自内心的。故选B。
224.C考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. decision决定；B. purpose目的；C. solution方法；D. result结果。我认为解决问题的最好办法是让学生自己选择。故选C。