(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时精炼 必修第一册　Welcome Unit (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时精炼 必修第一册　Welcome Unit (含详解)，共9页。
必修第一册　Welcome Unit阅读·提速练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·八省联考)Non-Credit CoursesThe Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses.Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our college’s leading experts and will receive written feedback (反馈) on their work at the end of the course.Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 a．m.－11:30 a．m.daily and may have additional requirements in the afternoons or evenings.COURSE：Case Studies in Neuroscience·June 11－July 2·Leah RoeschUsing student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed to provide a fuller understanding of how the human brain works.COURSE：Psychology of Creativity·June 15－June 28·Marshall DukeWhy are certain people so creative? Is it genetic (遗传的), or a result of childhood experience? Are they different from everyone else? This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.COURSE：Creative Storytelling·June 21－July 3·Edith FreniThis college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that appear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.COURSE：Sports Economics·July 19－August 1·Christina DePasqualeIn this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry：sports leagues, ticket pricing, salary negotiations, discrimination, and NCAA policies to name a few.1．Who is the text intended for?A．The general public.   B．College freshmen.C．Educational experts.   D．High school students.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“The Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses.”和最后一句“Pre-College students will also receive...at the conclusion of the program.”可推知，这篇文章是写给大学预科生即高中生的。前缀pre-的意思是“在……前；先于”。故选D。2．Which course can you take if you are free only in June?A．Sports Economics.B．Creative Storytelling.C．Psychology of Creativity.D．Case Studies in Neuroscience.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据COURSE：Psychology of Creativity中的“June 15－June 28(6月15日－6月28日)”及其他课程时间的安排可知，如果你只在六月有空闲时间，你可以选择Psychology of Creativity。故选C。3．Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?A．Leah Roesch’s.   B．Edith Freni’s.C．Marshall Duke’s.   D．Christina DePasquale’s.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据COURSE：Creative Storytelling中的“This college-level course in...such as short fiction and playwriting.”可知，如果你对创意写作感兴趣，你应该选择Creative Storytelling，该课程的授课人是Edith Freni。故选B。B(2021·湖北三校联考)It was a cold winter.The wind blew all night and the snow was blinding.When the morning came，my three children and I got up and made our way to the windows.As we looked out of the window，we saw that the hen house was gone.Our three hens had been blown away.I looked at the emptiness outside.Then I saw all three chickens sitting around the edge of a white bucket.How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond? I quickly pulled on my husband’s long snow pants and heavy winter coat，wrapped a scarf and stuck my feet into very large boots.I shouted at the wind as it blew.I was alone，except my children.They stared out of the window into the vast white sea of snow and their eyes peeled for any sign of movement.Outside I heard the sound of my boots as I walked against the wind.The snow circling around me，I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made.When I reached them，I saw that their little feet were holding on to the edge of the bucket，heads bent forward and away from the wind.I gently lifted each hen and put it carefully into the warm inside.Then I began the freezing walk back to the small shed directly behind our house.One by one I laid my chickens on the cold floor，and they began to cluck softly.As I shut the shed doors，my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching.They jumped up and down cheering，and so did I! I wasn’t some dragon slayer(屠杀者) from a fairy tale.I was simply a mom，but the look on my children’s faces told me that they thought I was a hero mom.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨，作者冒着风雪拯救了她家的鸡，这一切都被孩子们看在眼里。他们认为妈妈就是一位英雄。 4．Seeing all three chickens sitting around the bucket，the author felt         .A．incredible   B．worriedC．shy   D．confident答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond？”可推知，看见三只鸡都在水桶周围，作者感到不可思议。5．How did the author reach the hens?A．By searching for the white bucket.B．By wearing protective clothes.C．By following the sound of the hens.D．By shouting at the hen house.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made”可知，作者是通过小鸡发出的声音找到它们的。6．From the story，we know that         .A．the author’s children liked dragon slayersB．the children watched their mother all the wayC．the author struggled to be a heroD．the author enjoyed herself in the snow答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As I shut the shed doors，my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching.”可知，孩子们全程看着作者救这三只小鸡。7．What might be the best title for the text?A．Weather in the ExtremeB．Hens in TroubleC．Kindness in NeedD．Hero in the Snow答案　D解析　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者在寒冬里冒着风雪拯救了她家的鸡，这些都被她的孩子们看在眼里，他们认为妈妈就是一位英雄。故选项D最适合作本文标题。C(2021·广东调研)Every year，countless individuals are impacted by cancer.Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease.Walk Cancer Away invites everyone to participate in our annual family-friendly walk event and join together to share the strong willpower found inside each of us with those around us.With each step we take，with each story shared，and with each donation made，we are one step closer to finding a cure.To date，we have raised over $ 700,000 for Dr.Nancy Kemeny’s Colorectal (结肠直肠的) Research Fund at Memorial Slogan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC)，together with thousands of people supporting this cause over the last 12 years we are committed to.Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N．Rentas.Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer，the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease.Dr.Nancy Kemeny at Memorial Slogan Kettering Cancer Center，who was the doctor treating James N．Rentas，mirrors that same goal.Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure.Together，they have made great achievements over the years and have provided years of life for those who face adversity.In many cases，their continued efforts have led to full remission of the cancer in patients.With the deepest gratitude we are thankful to all those who support and participate in the event each year，because without you this would not be possible.Although Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ago，we are forever honored to be able to join in this event that so many of us find so close to our hearts.We ask you，your family，and your friends to join in this year’s Walk Cancer Away Event.语篇解读　本文这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为Walk Cancer Away的活动，号召人们加入这个活动，帮助癌症患者与疾病作斗争。 8．What does Walk Cancer Away intend to do?A．To contact those suffering from cancer.B．To share experiences from cancer victims.C．To give money to cancer patients’ family.D．To find a way to defeat cancer at length.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“With each step we take，with each story shared，and with each donation made，we are one step closer to finding a cure.”可知，Walk Cancer Away的最终目的是找到战胜癌症的方法。9．What do we know about James N．Rentas according to Para.2?A．He died of cancer.B．He donated his fortune.C．He did research on cancer.D．He founded Walk Away Cancer.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in honor of James N．Rentas.Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer，the Rentas Family...”可知，Walk Cancer Away始于纪念James N．Rentas，他的家人因为受他患癌症去世的影响而开始这一项活动。由此可知，James N．Rentas死于癌症。10．Dr.Nancy and her team at MSKCC have provided years of life for those facing         .A．an unfavorable situation from natureB．a serious disease hard to cureC．a loss of a family memberD．an unpleasant treatment答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure.”以及第三段的“Together，they have made great achievements over the years and have provided years of life for those who face adversity.”可知，Nancy 博士和她在MSKCC的团队为那些面临难以治愈的严重疾病的人提供了数年的生命。11．Why does the author make this speech?A．To introduce the history of an event.B．To raise money for cancer research.C．To call on people to join in the activity.D．To express thanks to all the participants.答案　C解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“We ask you，your family，and your friends to join in this year’s Walk Cancer Away Event.”可知，作者做这个演讲是为了号召人们参加这项活动。D(2021·福建泉州质检)Downtown Baltimore is home to an unusual experiment that seems strange—cooling buildings with ice.It’s a service provided by Veolia Energy.Veolia doesn’t run big coal or nuclear power plants—instead，it tries to deliver “efficiency”—basically getting more out of the electricity network.Veolia does this with a concept called “district cooling”，which sends water chilled by ice at a central plant out to several nearby buildings.A nearly 10-mile circuit of cooling pipes connects the downtown buildings，including the convention center，government buildings and hotels，to a brick building with two domes(穹顶) about 30-feet high next to it.Inside the domes are tanks filled with water.A lot of tubes run through the water tank carrying chilled glycol，a fluid(液体) that freezes at a very low temperature.This process runs at night，and ice forms around the tubes.“During the day，when we are using the ice to produce cooling for customers，we run water over the outside of the ice，melt it and actually provide cool water out to the distribution system，” says John Gibson，a vice president at Veolia Energy.Why ice? The ice essentially stores the cheaper energy that’s available at night.“It allows you to make ice at night，when electrical demand is lower and costs are lower，and then melt that ice during the day to supplement your mechanical refrigeration，” Gibson says.The customers don’t need to buy their own refrigeration units，so they save about 10 percent on cooling costs by using Veolia’s district set-up.Using nighttime electricity also takes the heat off the electricity network.By using ice，Veolia doesn’t need to use as much electricity during the days.Gibson also says it’s not cheap to build all of the pipes and pumps for a district cooling system，but it saves money in the long run，especially if existing underground infrastructure(基础设施) can be used.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴尔的摩市中心的一项不寻常的实验——用冰给建筑物降温。 12．What does the underlined word “chilled” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．Purified.   B．Boiled up.C．Frozen.   D．Cooled down.答案　D解析　词义猜测题。分析画线单词所在句可知，画线单词短语“chilled by ice”为前面名词“water”的后置定语，为过去分词形式，即画线单词“chilled”为后面名词“ice”的动作，ice意为“冰”，冰对水的作用是“冷却”，且结合前文提及的“district cooling”可知，chilled应与“cooling”相呼应。由此推知，chilled意为“冷却”。13．Why is ice made at night?A．It is energy-saving and economical.B．It reduces the burden of refrigeration units.C．Buildings need less cooling.D．Cheaper water is available.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“It allows you to make ice at night，when electrical demand is lower and costs are lower”可知，夜间制冰时电力需求较低，成本也较低。14．What is the text mainly about?A．Unusual findings.B．An efficient network.C．A unique cooling system.D．Veolia’s mechanical refrigeration.答案　C解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段提出了本文的话题和主旨，即“Downtown Baltimore is home to an unusual experiment that seems strange—cooling buildings with ice.”由此可知，本文主要介绍了这个不寻常的降温系统。15．Where is this text most likely from?A．A diary.   B．A magazine.C．A novel.   D．A brochure.答案　B解析　文章出处题。通过阅读文章可知，文章主要介绍了巴尔的摩市中心的一项不寻常的实验——用冰给建筑物降温。由此判断出短文最可能来自杂志的科技版块。Ⅱ.七选五(2021·河北石家庄质检)Mind mapping is a great way to plan out projects，ideas，and plans.  1   Here are the four steps of mind mapping and how you can apply it in your life.Before you start，think about what it is that your mind map is about.If we take the example of presenting to an audience，ask yourself，“What exactly do I want to tell my audience？” and “What do I want them to leave knowing？”  2   Once you know your question，write that down in the middle of the page.  3   Don’t try and edit yourself.No matter how crazy，wild，or stupid something may seem at first，get it down onto your mind map.You can remove ideas later.Editing yourself at an early stage will not produce your best ideas.After your initial brainstorm，giving yourself a few days will produce more ideas and expand others.A few days later，come back to your mind map and give yourself another hour or two with it.  4   Meanwhile，you may also see ideas that don’t work—you can leave them just in case they bring more ideas later.After this session，you will have a lot of ideas，answers，and steps.The next stage is where you make small changes about these ideas and start to structure the next steps.You now need to decide in what order you will move forward.Once you have all your ideas and points numbered，you can then move those to your to-do list manager and place them in the right order.You may find that as you begin working on your project，you change your order round.  5  A．You will find you have a lot more ideas to add.B．It encourages you to go deeper with your ideas.C．The clearer your question，the better answers you will get.D．Once you have your question written down，let yourself go.E．Your brain is likely to give you unrealistic or unclear answers.F．But you will at least have a place to start by having an initial order.G．It gives you a visual means to brainstorm your ideas and the foundations of a structure.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文中阐述了思维导图的制作过程以及如何在现实生活中利用思维导图。 1．答案　G解析　根据上一句“Mind mapping is a great way to plan out projects，ideas，and plans.”可知，作者在文中开头就阐述了思维导图是规划项目、想法和计划的好方法，接下来很可能涉及思维导图的特点。因此G选项“It gives you a visual means to brainstorm your ideas and the foundations of a structure.”切题，选项中的“ideas”与上文中的“ideas”相呼应。故选G项。2．答案　C解析　根据该空上下文内容可知，在制作思维导图之前，要尽可能地去明确有哪些相关问题，一旦知道了就记下来。因此，C选项“The clearer your question，the better answers you will get.”切题，选项中的“question”与下一句中的“question”相呼应，故选C项。3．答案　D解析　根据空后的“Don’t try and edit yourself.No matter how crazy，wild，or stupid something may seem at first，get it down onto your mind map.”可知，当明确相关问题并把它记在你的思维导图上以后，不要去更改，不管问题看起来有多么疯狂和愚蠢。因此，D选项“Once you have your question written down，let yourself go.”切题，选项中的“let yourself go”与下一句“Don’t try and edit yourself.”相呼应。故选D项。4．答案　A解析　根据空前的内容可知，在最初的头脑风暴完成之后，给自己几天来产生更多的想法，然后再回到思维导图上思考一两个小时，很可能会有新的想法出现。因此，A选项“You will find you have a lot more ideas to add.”切题，选项中的“a lot more ideas”与上文中的“more ideas”相呼应。故选A项。5．答案　F解析　根据上一句“You may find that as you begin working on your project，you change your order round.”可知，当你开始做你的项目时，你可能会发现，你会改变顺序。因此，F选项“But you will at least have a place to start by having an initial order.”切题，选项中的“order”与上一句中的“order”相呼应。故选F项。