高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Onwards and upwards说课ppt课件

v．­ing和不定式作宾语

[观察例句]

观察下列句子，指出其黑体部分的动词形式及作用。

1．As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.

动词­ing作介词的宾语

2．“We regret to inform you...”are the words every writer knows well.

不定式作宾语

3．However，he doesn't care about being famous.

动词­ing作介词的宾语

4．He enjoys listening to violin music，playing mahjong，swimming and reading.

动词­ing作动词的宾语

5．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.

动词­ing作介词的宾语

6．Xiao Wang's parents planned to take a holiday abroad.

不定式作动词的宾语

7．They start working/to work at eight every morning.不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语

8．He neglected locking/to lock the door.

不定式或动词­ing作动词的宾语

9．In those days they couldn't afford to buy a car.

不定式作动词的宾语

10．I may claim to have learned 8，000 English words.

不定式作动词的宾语

[归纳用法]

一、只接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词

1．作动词的宾语

括号中的动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语。这些动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：

避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)

建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)

喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help)

承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)

逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)

忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)

Would you mind opening the window?

你介意打开窗子吗？

I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.

我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。

He tried to avoid answering my questions.

他试图对我的问题避而不答。

2．作动词短语的宾语

动词短语：insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，get/be used to，pay attention to，be worth等后接动词­ing形式作宾语。

She is very fond of telling other people what to do.

她爱对别人指手画脚。

He insisted on doing it in his own way.

他坚持要按照自己的方法做。

[即学即练1]　单句语法填空

①I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working(work) with students.

②I often practise listening(listen) and speaking(speak)．

③The boy was lucky to escape being punished(punish)．

④It is useful for someone who is trying to give up smoking(smoke)．

⑤It's quite hot today.Do you feel like going(go) for a swim?

二、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词

1．agree(同意)，afford(付得起)，offer(主动提出)，plan(打算，计划)，demand(要求)，promise(答应)，help(帮忙)，prepare(准备)，decide(决定)，refuse(拒绝)，choose(选择，决定)，wish/hope/want/expect(希望)，fail(失败)，pretend(假装)，manage(设法)，determine(决心)，beg(恳求，祈求)，arrange(安排，筹备)，threaten(威胁)，claim(声称)，aim(力争做到)，hesitate(顾虑)，happen(碰巧)，hope(希望)等动词后通常接动词不定式作宾语。

I offered to paint the house in exchange for a week's accommodation.

我主动提出给房子刷油漆以换取一周的食宿。

John is very reliable－if he promises to do something，he'll certainly do it.

约翰非常可靠，他如果许诺做什么事，就一定会做的。

[名师点津]

动词不定式作宾语且后面有自己的宾语补足语时，常常用it作形式宾语，将不定式放在宾语补足语之后。当不定式作consider, feel, find, make, think等动词的宾语时，常使用这一结构。

They all feel it very hard to learn English.

他们都感觉学英语很难。

2．动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式：

(1)一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。

I just wanted to know if everything was all right.

我只是想知道是否一切都好。

He refused to be photographed.

他拒绝让人拍照。

(2)进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。

When I came in，he pretended to be sleeping.

当我进来时，他假装正在睡觉。

It happened to be raining when I got there.

我到达那里的时候，碰巧在下雨。

(3)完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

He claimed to have been badly treated in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.

他声称昨天在超市购物时受到了不好的对待。

[即学即练2]　单句语法填空

①I had hoped to send(send) him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage.

②When his mother came in，the boy pretended to be reading(read)．

③Having failed in the driving test twice，he decided not to take(take) it again.

④If you want to go(go) with us，you should be ready by eight o'clock.

⑤This，in a nutshell，is what Richard Chaplin appears to have done (do)．

三、既可以接动词­ing形式也可以接动词不定式作宾语的情况

1．在start，begin，continue等动词后既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。

They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.

他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。

2．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词­ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。

He preferred staying in the house when it rained.

下雨时他宁愿待在家里。

(动词­ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里。)

I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.

今天下午我宁愿待在家里。

(动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午待在家里这一具体的动作。)

3．下表中的动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。

Please remember to give my best regards to your family.

请记着代我向你的家人问好。

I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.

我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。

4．下列动词可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式：need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done。

The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.

这辆自行车需要修理。

[即学即练3]　单句语法填空

①He likes swimming but he doesn't like to swim this afternoon.(swim)

②I mean to change(change) it for another one.

③Missing the train means waiting(wait) for another hour.

④I remembered locking(lock) the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn(turn) off the lights.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．They promised to come(come) here to help us.

2．Some students find it very difficult to speak(speak) English fluently.

3．I regret to tell(tell) you that your school team has lost the game.

4．Yesterday he forgot posting/having posted(post) the letter and looked for it everywhere.

5．Generally speaking，young kids are keen on watching(watch) cartoons.

6．He claimed to have reached (reach) the top of the mountain.

7．I was so angry that I felt like throwing(throw) something at him.

8．Have you considered looking(look) for one special friend?

9．I expect him to be doing (do) homework now.

10．She objected to going(go) there by train in such a situation.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

We were sorry 1.to hear(hear) that Cindy was ill in hospital.We hoped 2.to help(help) her in some way，so we decided 3.to pay(pay) a visit to her yesterday afternoon.Cindy was happy to see us.She started 4.talking(talk) with us.She told us that she felt like 5.going(go) to school soon，6.but the doctor suggested 7.staying(stay) in bed for three days.We told her not 8.to worry(worry) about her lessons.We would do everything we could 9.to help(help) her.Cindy said she would try 10.to catch (catch) up with us.