(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures (含解析)

　UNIT 3　Diverse Cultures

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair of small equal­length sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating. We Chinese eat 1. ________chopsticks. It is believed that the first chopsticks 2. ________(develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. Excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan Province, dating back to roughly 1200 BC was the 3. ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze. Chopsticks, 4. ________are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of 5. ________(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold.

Chopsticks play 6. ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. They are round on the eating end which symbolises heaven, and the other end is square which symbolises earth. This is because 7. ________(maintain) an enough food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth.

There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl's dowry (嫁妆) since the 8. ________(pronounce) of kuaizi in Chinese is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”．

Chopsticks are  9. ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs of 10. ________(they) own.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国筷子的历史以及有关筷子的风俗习惯。

1. with　考查介词。介词with“和……在一起，用”符合句意，故填with。

2. were developed 　考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语从句的主语是chopsticks，复数形式，和谓语动词develop之间是一种被动关系，再根据时间状语“over 5,000 years ago”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were developed。

3. earliest 　考查形容词最高级。定冠词the用在形容词最高级前面，再结合句意可知此处用形容词最高级，故填earliest。

4. which  　考查非限制性定语从句。此处Chopsticks是先行词，指物，放在后面的定语从句中作主语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。

5. materials　考查名词复数。固定词组：a variety of“各种各样的”。后面跟名词复数，故填materials。

6. an　考查搭配。固定词组：play a role in“在……中扮演角色”。此处important以元音音素开头，表示“一”时用不定冠词an。故填an。

7. maintaining　考查动名词作主语。此处because引导的表语从句中缺少主语，所给词maintain是动词，所以这里用动名词作主语，故填maintaining。

8. pronunciation　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，“... of kuaizi”在句中作主语，故此空用名词，所给词pronounce是动词，其名词形式是pronunciation。故填pronunciation。

9. frequently　考查副词。此处used是动词，用副词修饰，故填frequently。

10. their　考查形容词性物主代词。此处own“自己的”是形容词，和形容词性物主代词连用，故填their。

B

Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures have been put on show in many parts of the world over the past years, showcasing the fantastic Chinese civilisation on the global stage and  1. ________ (promote) cultural exchanges.

In December, 2018, New Zealand's national museum started a four­month exhibition, where both terracotta warriors (兵马俑) and more than 160 ancient antique pieces 2. ________(make) of gold, jade and bronze were displayed. On the opening day, local citizens 3. ________(line) up to enjoy this once­in­a­lifetime experience. The exhibition, 4. ________ provided visitors with some knowledge of long­standing Chinese civilisation, was 5. ________(high) appreciated for the individuality of each terracotta warrior and the unbelievable creativity needed to build the army.

Treasures showing the lives of emperors and empresses from the Qing Dynasty also went on display in museums in Washington, DC and Moscow in 2019,  6. ________over 100 pieces put on show, including realistic 7. ________(painting), furnishings and jewelry from the Palace Museum in Beijing. The exhibition was also 8. ________ huge success.

Chinese and foreign museums have been making exchanges to encourage dialogue between civilisations and foster people's 9. ________(understand) of and engagement with cultures that interest  10. ________(they). It is an important job for museums to bring the world closer.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文化艺术瑰宝在世界各地的展出，展示了中华民族的灿烂文明，促进了文化交流。尤其是2018年12月在新西兰博物馆的展览以及2019年在华盛顿和莫斯科的博物馆展出，取得了巨大的成功。

1. promoting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures与promote在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词promoting。故填promoting。

2. made　考查非谓语动词作定语。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词ancient antique pieces，make与被修饰的名词之间是被动关系，即“由金、玉、铜制成的古代古董”，古董是被制造，要用过去分词，故填made。

3. lined　考查时态。“line up”为固定搭配，意为“排队；(某一批人)排成行；列队”。分析句子可知，本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，故填lined。

4. which　考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，其中的The exhibition 是先行词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物只能用which，故填which。

5. highly　考查副词作状语。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作状语，修饰动词appreciated，修饰动词要用副词，故填highly。

6. With　考查语境及介词。介词with是“有”的意思，本空格是指“有超过100件作品被展出”。分析句子可知，本空格是with复合结构，介词with后的over 100 pieces是宾语，put on show是过去分词短语，作宾补。故填With。

7. paintings　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，painting为可数名词，本句是指有许多的painting，所以要用复数形式，故填paintings。

8. a　考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，本句中的success为抽象名词的具体化用法，表示一次成功的展览。此空格表示数量泛指，且huge首字母的发音为辅音。故填不定冠词a。

9. understanding　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，people's后接名词understanding，故填understanding。

10. them　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本空格的逻辑主语是the people，是复数形式，本空格作动词interest的宾语，故填them。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 我的弟弟乔是如此固执的一个男孩以至于他从来不承认自己犯了错误，并且总是责备别人。

My younger brother Joe is such a stubborn boy that he never admits_making _a_mistake and is always blaming others.

2. 未能在家乡找到一份合适的工作，他决定去大城市碰碰运气。(seek one's fortune)

Having failed to find a proper job in his hometown, he_decided_to_go_to_a_ big_city_to_seek_his_fortune.

3.  除了英语课之外， 我还积极参加英语角和其他英语课外活动， 受益颇多。(apart from)

Apart_from_English_classes,I took an active part in English Corner and other after­class English activities, which_benefited_me_a_lot.

4. 对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。(likely)

It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.

5.  我们学校有三个大的多媒体教室，每一间都配备了最新的电脑。(独立主格结构)

We have three large multi­media classrooms in our school, each_equipped_with_ the_newest_computers.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Scientists say they have found the oldest known figurative (具象的) painting in a cave in Indonesia. And the impressive scene of a hunting party, painted some 44,000 years ago, is helping to rewrite the history of the origins of art. Until recently, the long­held story was that humans started painting in caves in Europe. For example, art from the Chauvet Cave in France is dated as old as 37,000 years.

“The cave paintings in Indonesia are at least 40,000 years old，” says Adam Brumm, an archaeologist at Australia's Griffith University. He and his colleagues used a technique called uranium­series analysis to determine the paintings' age. The figurative painting in those analyses was a striking image of a wild cow.

Since that big discovery, Brumm's team has been searching for more art in these caves. Recently, they found something breathtaking the massive hunting scene. And after testing it, they say it's the oldest known figurative art created by early modern humans.

The painting tells a complex story. It describes jungle buffaloes (水牛) and wild pigs driven by tiny hunters. “They appear to be humans, but they seem to have some characteristics of animals，” Brumm says. One appears to have a birdlike head, and another has a tail. He say these part­human, part­animal figures might signal early humans' beliefs.

But even an important location for early art appears in Indonesia, the paintings are rapidly deteriorating (恶化) before our eyes and the scientists don't know why. Brumm says one theory is that higher temperatures in the caves due to climate change are harming the art.

Brumm says the deterioration is making their work to survey these places feel particularly imperative. “We are left little time. Who knows what other amazing cave art is out there at some place that can change our understanding of human evolution but might be suffering damage or disappear soon？”

1. What did scientists use to think of the birth of the figurative painting?

A. It rewrote the history of art.

B. It took place about 44,000 years ago.

C. It came out in Indonesian caves.

D. It started with European cave paintings.

2. Why is the cave painting found in Indonesia described as complex?

A. It reflects a technical analysis.

B. It shows early imaginary things.

C. It describes early civilisations.

D. It covers strange wildlife images.

3. What can we know from Paragraph 5?

A. Early art is deeply rooted in Indonesia.

B. Cave paintings are a feast for our eyes.

C. Latest discoveries are based on theory.

D. Climate change may harm cave paintings.

4. What does the underlined word “imperative” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Urgent.　　　 B. Exciting.

C. Meaningful. D. Imperfect.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古新发现——在印度尼西亚发现的洞穴壁画是世界上最古老的具象艺术作品。

1. D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句话“Until recently, the long­held story was that humans started painting in caves in Europe. For example, art from the Chauvet Cave in France is dated as old as 37,000 years.”可知，长期以来，人们认为人类在洞穴中绘画始于欧洲，有37 000年历史的法国肖维岩洞壁画就是一个例证。故选D。

2. B　推理判断题。根据第四段的信息可知，印度尼西亚洞穴壁画中半人半兽的猎人可能是早期人类信仰的体现，是当时人们相信超自然生物存在的迹象。据此可推断这样的壁画背后有一个复杂的想象过程，人们画出了想象的事物。故选B。

3. D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the paintings are rapidly deteriorating(恶化) before our eyes and the scientists don't know why. Brumm says one theory is that higher temperatures in the caves due to climate change are harming the art”可知，这些壁画的处境正在恶化，Brumm认为正是气候变化导致的洞穴内的高温在破坏着它们。故选D。

4. A　词义猜测题。上文提到了洞穴壁画恶化的情况，结合画线词后的内容可知，Brumm提到“留给我们的时间不多了。谁知道在某个地方还有哪些可能正遭受损害或很快消失的惊人洞穴壁画存在呢？”。由此可知画线词表示“紧迫的，迫切的”，与urgent含义相近。故选A。

B

Chinese Culture Shown to the World with Love

Li Ziqi, a short video blogger specialising in traditional Chinese cooking and handicrafts, has gained worldwide popularity.

Li has about 20 million followers on Sina Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter, plus 7 million followers on overseas social media networks. Many foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her channel.

It is the spirit of craftsmanship (技艺) behind her works that makes Li's video clips attractive. She strictly follows the authentic traditional steps and procedures in making traditional Chinese food and handicrafts, such as peach flower wine and silk, and goes to great lengths to ensure her videos are accurate. Sometimes she spends several months producing one of her videos.

Li has been inheriting (继承) traditional Chinese culture in a rather creative way. A closer look at her videos will show that they are never with any “analysis” that makes people feel bored. They just show audiences each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so that the latter know how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives. It is that universal appeal that makes her works so attractive. Thanks to Li's efforts, much intangible cultural heritage that only existed in memories and written records now appears before our eyes. Via her short videos, Li presents the image of a beautiful and friendly China.

With the growth of the Chinese economy, people overseas are showing more interest in traditional Chinese culture. Li has shown how to satisfy that interest in a good way, namely showing the best parts of traditional Chinese culture with her heart.

To effectively present the beauty of Chinese culture to the world, we need more Li Ziqi.

5. What can we learn about Li Ziqi's video clips?

A. They promote the sales of Chinese food and handicrafts.

B. They attract a large number of foreigners to visit her online shop.

C. They aim to introduce traditional Chinese food culture and handicrafts worldwide.

D. They are based on her family's recipes of making traditional Chinese food.

6. What could be inferred from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?

A. Analysis of Chinese culture in Li's videos makes people bored.

B. Details and accuracy play significant roles in the success of Li's videos.

C. Li makes sure all of her video clips are short enough to be downloaded.

D. Cultural heritage usually exists in memories and written accounts.

7. What does the underlined word “intangible” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. Nonphysical. B. Inaccessible.

C. Invaluable. D. Unnoticeable.

8. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To provide guidance on cooking and making handicrafts.

B. To suggest a way of attracting more followers on Sina Weibo.

C. To give an example of how to gain worldwide popularity as a short video blogger.

D. To encourage more people to make efforts to bring Chinese culture to the world.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以拍摄古风美食短视频出名的李子柒如何把中国人的传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，让现代都市人找到一种心灵的归属感，也让世界理解了一种生活中的中国文化。李子柒将中国文化以一种创新的方式引向世界。

5. C　细节理解题。根据第一段以及第二段中的“Many foreigners say they have got to know traditional Chinese food culture via her channel.”可知，专注于中国传统烹饪和手工艺品的短视频博客作者李子柒在全球范围内广受欢迎，外国友人通过她的短视频了解了中国传统的饮食文化，李子柒的视频旨在将中国文化引向世界，故选C。

6. B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She strictly follows the authentic traditional steps and procedures ..., and goes to great lengths to ensure her videos are accurate.”以及第四段中的“They just show audiences each and every detail of traditional Chinese culture so that the latter knows how Chinese live their beautiful and elegant lives.”可知，在制作中国传统食品和手工艺品时，李子柒严格遵循地道的传统步骤和程序，并竭尽全力确保视频的准确性。她的视频向观众展示传统中国文化的每一个细节，以便让观众了解中国人的日常生活。因此，准确度和细节是李子柒的视频如此受欢迎的主要原因，故选 B。

7. A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的修饰语“...that only existed in memories and written records now appears before our eyes.”可知，在李子柒的努力下，许多仅存在于记忆和书面记录中的文化遗产现在出现在我们眼前，而文化遗产显然有别于物质遗产。结合文中出现的cultural heritage词组及本文的语境，可知画线词的意思是“非物质的、无形的、触摸不到的”，故选A。

8. D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Li has shown how to satisfy that interest in a good way, namely showing the best parts of traditional Chinese culture with her heart.”以及全文最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了以拍摄古风美食短视频出名的李子柒如何把中国人传统而本真的生活方式呈现出来，向世界打开美丽中国的一扇窗口，让世界理解一种鲜活的中国文化。作者希望未来有更多像李子柒这样的人物向世界展示和推广中国传统文化，故选 D。

Ⅱ. 读后续写

(2020·山东济宁联考)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Shoes can tell you a lot about a person. Winston was a firm believer in this, being someone who looked at many shoes himself. Although he had grown up hearing that “eyes were the windows to the soul”， he couldn't find anything they could expose. He just felt awkward when he had been caught staring into someone else's eyes for too long. On the other hand, staring at someone's shoes rarely made him awkward. Few people noticed a small man in the corner watching their feet, and Winston liked it that way.

Winston was able to judge a person by his shoes. He could divide most people into basic categories simply by the brand, colour, and condition of whatever was on their feet. At this point, the world couldn't surprise him any more — he believed that he had seen it all.

Winston was seated in his regular spot, a bench in the back corner of the Alewife station, watching people pass by. No one was found wearing worn shoes. He sighed, a bit bored with the predictability of the station.

That's when he noticed something different. Two bare feet walked past him, making an unfamiliar sound as they were in contact with the floor. That was strange. Winston looked closer with interest. In all his years sitting at the station, he had seen many strange feet, but no bare ones. He wondered what kind of man couldn't afford to buy himself shoes — a dangerous man, perhaps, a man who was of questionable intelligence — certainly not the kind of generous and lovely man. Winston wanted to be away from him.

He moved a little on the bench and curled up, turning his eyes downward and his shoulders in toward his body to avoid any possible social interactions. The stranger, however, took the space made free by Winston.

“Sorry, it has been a rough day，” the shoeless person said apologetically, placing a plastic bag down on the bench. Without the man noticing, Winston glanced at the bag and noticed inside it was a birthday cake.

“A really rough day，” he seemed to be speaking to no one in particular. “Are you curious why I am not wearing shoes？”

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Winston didn't respond but the man continued. __________________________

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While staring at the man, a sense of shame washed over Winston. ___________

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【参考范文】

Winston didn't respond but the man continued. He gestured to the plastic bag and said, “It's my little girl's birthday. She said all she wanted this year was a birthday cake. So I just had to buy it for her. But I had to sell my shoes for it. Of course, it was worth it.” Hearing this, Winston did something he rarely did; he looked up and met the stranger's eyes.They were sad, sweet and beautiful eyes. Winston stared into the man's eyes for a long time.

While staring at the man, a sense of shame washed over Winston. He was ashamed that he had judged the man, ashamed that he had assumed the stranger was a bad person simply for his two bare feet when in fact this man beside him was a more generous person than Winston had ever seen. Slowly, Winston reached down and took off his dirty shoes, one at a time. Then he picked them up and handed them to the stranger beside him.