(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Unit 3 Sports and fitness Language points (含解析)

www.ks5u.comUNIT 3　Sports and fitness Language points

请同学们认真完成 [练案14]

一、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑问句

1．Anyone can join the club，__can’t they__?

2．Tell me how to get to her house，__will you__?

3．Margaret scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day，__does she__？

4．Let’s listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned，__shall we__?

5．You think you’re funny，__don’t you__?

6．He has his hair cut every month，__doesn’t he__?

7．Your friend needs to come earlier，__doesn’t he__?

8．The little boy dare not go to church，__dare he__?

9．Susan’d have worked abroad if she’d had the chance，__wouldn’t she__?

10．Everyone’s having a good time，__aren’t they__?

Ⅱ.选词填空

1．Everyone knows what they have to do, __don’t__(doesn’t/don’t) they?

2．Let’s go to she supermarket, __shall__(will/shall) we?

3．There’re few apples in the basket, __are__(aren’t/are) there?

4．He can hardly swim, __can__(can’t/can) he?

5．Something is wrong with your watch, isn’t __it__(something/it)?

6．He looks unhappy, __doesn’t__(does/doesn’t) he?

7．There will be less pollution, __won’t__(will/won’t) there?

8．I don’t believe that he can translate this book, __can__(can’t/can) he?

Ⅲ.英译汉

1．—They smell nice, don’t they?

__它们闻起来很香，不是吗？__

—Yes, they do.

__对，它们闻起来很香。__

2．—They don’t work hard, do they?

__他们不努力工作，是吗？__

—Yes, they do.

__不，他们工作努力。__

3．—He wants to go, doesn’t he?

__他想去，不是吗？__

—No，he doesn’t.

__不，他不想去。__

4．—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?

__他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？__

—Yes, she did./No, she didn’t.

__不，她参加了。/是的，她没有参加。__

二、培优提升训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Most young people enjoy some forms of physical activity.It may be walking，cycling，or swimming，or in winter，skating or skiing.It may be a game of some forms—football，basketball，hockey，golf or tennis.It may be mountaineering.

Those who have a passion of climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship，and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment is caused，probably，by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game.There are no man－made rules，as there are for such games as golf and football.There are，of course，rules of different kinds which would be dangerous to ignore，but it is this freedom from man－made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people.Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”．We should be mistaken in this.There are，it is true，no “matches” between “teams” of climbers，but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend，there is obviously teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man.He has to fight the forces of nature.His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.

A mountain climber continues to improve his skills year by year.A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty.But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps.They may take more time than younger men，but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort，and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了登山这项运动吸引人的地方和在登山运动中对登山者的要求。

1．What sports are popular among people in winter in the passage？__B__

A．Soccer and golf.　　　 B．Skiing and skating.

C．Cycling and hockey. D．Mountaineering.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“It may be walking，cycling，or swimming，or in winter，skating or skiing.”可知在冬季，人们最喜欢滑雪和滑冰。故选B。

2．What does the underlined word “passion” in Paragraph 2 mean？__A__

A．Strong emotion. B．Good way.

C．Better skill. D．Good reason.

解析：词义猜测题。画线部分句意是那些对攀登又高又难的山有激情的人经常被大家吃惊地仰视。此处画线词意思是“激情；热情”，只有A项“强烈的情绪”符合语境。故选A。

3．Why does the author think mountaineering is a sport，not a game？__D__

A．Because it has man－made rules.

B．Because it is too dangerous for climbers.

C．Because it can’t bring people joy or leisure.

D．Because it is free for climbers to use their own methods.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“There are no man－made rules，as there are for such games as golf and football.及Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.”可知作者认为登山是一项运动，而不是一种游戏是因为登山没有人为制定的规则，登山者可以自由选择自己的方式。故选D。

4．What can we learn from the passage？__D__

A．Mountaineering is not attractive to people.

B．Physical quality is more important than mental one for climbers.

C．A mountain climber passes his best by the age of thirty.

D．It is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Those who have a passion of climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.”(那些对攀登又高又难的山有激情的人经常被大家吃惊地仰视)，可知登山运动也是很吸引人的，因此A项错误；根据倒数第二段中“His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.”可知，这项运动要求精神和身体的高素质，因此B项错误；根据最后一段中“A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty.”可知，一个滑雪运动员可能在三十岁时就已经过了他的黄金年龄，而不是登山者，因此C项错误；根据最后一段中“But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps”可知，五六十岁的男人爬上阿尔卑斯山的最高峰也不是不常见，因此D项正确。故选D。

Ⅱ.完形填空

One of my favorite things in life is my monthly date with my daughter.Now it has become our __1.A__ to include some kind of Smile Card activity whenever we can.It’s very __2.B__ today，so we planned to make our kind act something cool.We went to an ice cream shop，__3.B__ at the table near the counter.

As we paid for our ice cream，we said that we’d like to __4.C__ ice cream for the next person who came to the counter.After knowing my intention，the cashier was so excited and couldn’t __5.A__ for the lucky person.My daughter was also excited to __6.A__ our target person secretly.

About five minutes later the cashier told us，“Oh，a mother and two little kids are coming！” As the woman __7.B__ their ice cream and __8.A__ for her wallet，the cashier told her that someone wanted to buy her family’s ice cream.She couldn’t __9.B__ it.“Seriously？” she asked with doubt.Rachel and I __10.D__ not to notice.

The cashier came over to “wipe our table”，leaving our __11.D__ without being seen.She was as __12.D__ as we were about our act of kindness.We took a piece of paper and __13.A__ a note to the cashier thanking her for helping us.We placed the note and a Smile Card on the counter，leaving the shop before we were seen.

When we got home，my daughter was still excited to tell her mom what we did.I love my date with my daughter more than __14.C__ in the world.What’s more，I treasure every moment with her.It is even more special that we __15.B__ our Smile Card adventure together.

文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者约定每月和女儿一起做一次善举，这一次带上微笑卡并为一位顾客购买冰激凌，既教育了女儿又献出了爱心。

1．A．practice B．advice

C．chance D．interest

解析：考查名词。practice练习；惯例；advice建议；chance机会；interest兴趣。根据“Now it has become our __1__ to include some kind of Smile Card activity whenever we can.”可知，现在，只要我们可以，包括某种微笑卡的活动已经成为我们的惯例。故选A。

2．A．cold B．hot

C．warm D．bad

解析：考查形容词。cold 冷的；   hot热的；warm 温暖的；   bad坏的。根据下文为顾客买冰激凌，可知，今天天气很热。故选B。

3．A．lying B．sitting

C．seating D．standing

解析：考查动词。lying平放，躺；sitting坐；seating使就座；standing站立。根据“We went to an ice cream shop，__3__ at the table near the counter.”可知，我们去了一家冰激凌店，坐在柜台旁边的桌子旁。故选B。

4．A．afford B．offer

C．buy D．sell

解析：考查动词。afford 买得起；   offer提供；buy买；sell卖。根据“As we paid for our ice cream，we said that we’d like to __4__ ice cream for the next person who came to the counter.”可知，当我们付了冰激凌钱，我们说我们想为下一个来到柜台的人买冰激凌。故选C。

5．A．wait B．take

C．contribute D．figure

解析：考查动词。wait 等待；take 拿走；contribute贡献；figure计算。根据“After knowing my intention，the cashier was so excited and couldn’t __5__ for the lucky person.”可知，收银员知道我的意图后，非常激动，迫不及待地等着那个幸运的人。故选A。

6．A．observe B．stare

C．glare D．found

解析：考查动词。observe观察；stare盯着；glare怒目而视；found发现。根据“My daughter was also excited to __6__ our target person secretly.”可知，我的女儿也很兴奋地暗中观察我们的目标人物。故选A。

7．A．bought B．ordered

C．listed D．meant

解析：考查动词。bought买；ordered命令；点餐；listed 列出；   meant意味。根据“As the woman __7__ their ice cream and __8__for her wallet，the cashier told her that someone wanted to buy her family’s ice cream.”可知，当这名妇女点了冰激凌，伸手去拿钱包时，收银员告诉她有人想为她家买冰激凌。故选B。

8．A．reached B．searched

C．thought D．stuck

解析：考查动词。reached到达；searched寻找；thought认为；stuck卡住。根据“As the woman __7__ their ice cream and __8__for her wallet，the cashier told her that someone wanted to buy her family’s ice cream.”可知，当这名妇女点了冰激凌，伸手去拿钱包时，收银员告诉她有人想为她家买冰激凌。故选A。

9．A．face B．believe

C．bear D．support

解析：考查动词。face面对；believe相信；bear 忍受；   support支持。根据“She couldn’t __9__ it.’Seriously？’ she asked with doubt.”可知，她简直不敢相信。“真的吗？”她疑惑地问道。故选B。

10．A．prevented B．predicted

C．presented D．pretended

解析：考查动词。prevented阻止；predicted预测；presented呈献；pretended假装。根据“Rachel and I __10__ not to notice.”可知，Rachel和我假装没注意到。故选D。

11．A．order B．plate

C．bowl D．change

解析：考查名词。order命令；plate盘子；bowl碗；change零钱。根据“The cashier came over to ’wipe our table’，leaving our __11__ without being seen.”可知，收银员走过来“擦桌子”，偷偷地把找给我们的零钱留下了。故选D。

12．A．secret B．careful

C．favorite D．cheerful

解析：考查形容词。secret秘密的；careful细心的；favorite喜爱的；cheerful快乐的。根据“She was as __12__ as we were about our act of kindness.”可知，对于我们的善举，她和我们一样高兴。故选D。

13．A．set down B．lay down

C．brought down D．cut down

解析：考查动词词组。set down记下；lay down躺下；brought down降低；cut down砍倒。根据“We took a piece of paper and __13   a note to the cashier thanking her for helping us.”可知，我们拿起一张纸，给收银员写了一张便条，感谢她帮助我们。故选A。

14．A．something B．anyone

C．anything D．someone

解析：考查不定代词。something某事；anyone 任何人；anything任何事情；someone某人。根据“I love my date with my daughter more than __14__ in the world.”可知，与世界上的任何事情相比我更喜欢和女儿见面的日子。故选C。

15．A．spare B．share

C．sell D．expect

解析：考查动词。spare抽出；share分享；sell卖；expect期待。根据“It is even more special that we __15__ our Smile Card adventure together.”可知，更特别的是，我们一起分享我们的微笑卡冒险经历。故选B。

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The ratio of overweight people __1.who/that__ participated in a survey increased from 29% in 2012 to 31.5% in 2016，and__2.the__number of highly overweight people __3.rose__(rise) to 550,000，creating a serious headache for __4.medical__(medicine) services.The increase of highly overweight people was __5.particularly__(particular) sharp among those in their twenties.The numbers came from a study of physical examinations __6.published__(publish) by the Health Insurance Service.

According to the survey，the highly obesity (肥胖) rate among young people can be a result of their __7.addiction__(addict) to salt intake and soft drinks from childhood.Eating too much salty food is considered __8.as__ a main factor leading to health problems.Besides，drinking soft drinks is also to blame because it makes people more likely __9.to gain__(gain) weight.

The result may affect the new lifestyle of those people.Cutting down on salt can be hard，__10.but__ repeated training to prefer less salty food is necessary.Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章分析了肥胖人群比例增加，以及导致肥胖的主要原因是摄入太多盐和引用过量软饮料。

解析：

1．考查定语从句关系词。句意：参与调查的超重人群比例从2012年的29%上升到2016年的31.5%。本句为定语从句，修饰先行词people，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，指人。故用关系代词who/that。

2．考查冠词。固定短语the number of “……的数量”。故填冠词the。

3．考查动词时态。本空为and连接的并列句，与上一分句时态保持一致。根据上一分句中谓语动词increased可知，应用一般过去时。故填rose。

4．考查形容词。services为名词，需用形容词修饰。故填medical。

5．考查副词。句意：在20多岁的人群中，超重人群的增长尤为明显。sharp为形容词，需用副词修饰。故填particularly。

6．考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词came且句中没有连词，故publish只能作非谓语，且与逻辑主语study构成被动关系。故用过去分词published。

7．考查名词。句意：调查显示，年轻人的高肥胖率可能是因为他们从小就对盐和软饮料上瘾。their为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填addiction，表示“瘾，入迷”。

8．考查介词。句意：吃太多咸的食物被认为是导致健康问题的一个主要因素。固定短语be considered as“被认为/看作是……”。故填as。

9．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，喝软饮料也是一个原因，因为它使人们更有可能增加体重。固定短语be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to gain。

10．考查连词。句意：减少盐的摄入量是困难的，但是反复的训练来选择低盐食物是必要的。前后为转折关系。故用转折连词but。