(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修一 Unit 2 Looking into the Future (含解析)

　UNIT 2　Looking into the Future

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. The robot，1.______ (call) Nadine，was built by a research team at the university.

Nadine has brown hair and human­like skin. She can talk and act like a human being and she even has her own personality. The robot can show emotions, like anger and 2. ________(sad)and change into different moods, 3. ________ (depend) on the topics she is talking about.

Nadine is the most advanced and human­like robot so far. She has built­in software that is similar to Apple's Siri, which works on 4. ________ iPhone. The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far. Nadine can not only remember people she 5. ________ (meet) before，but she can recall things that she said at 6. ________ (early) conversations as well.

Up to now, robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However，more and more robots are being 7. ________ (equip) with social functions. This could be important 8. ________ our population becoming older. Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce. On the other hand, such social robots could care for children or older people. They could play and talk with them or keep them company.

Currently, Nadine 9. ________ (have) a job as a receptionist at the university, 10. ________ she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。类人机器人Nadine是由新加坡南洋理工大学研究团队制作的机器人，她有着棕色的头发和像人一样的皮肤，能表达愤怒、悲伤等情感，有一定社交能力，能记住曾经遇到的人、曾经说过的话。

1. called　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语The robot之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。

2. sadness　考查名词。根据该句中的“anger and”可知，空处与名词“anger”对应，也应当用名词形式。

3. depending　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词depend和其逻辑主语The robot 之间为主谓关系，故应用其现在分词形式。

4. an/the　考查冠词。句意：她装有和苹果的Siri相似的内置软件，该软件在iPhone中运行。iPhone为可数名词，且该处可以表示泛指，也可以表示特指，故填an或the。

5. has met　考查动词的时态。根据语境以及该句中的时间状语“before”可知，该句应用现在完成时。

6. earlier　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，该处指“更早的交谈”，故用形容词的比较级。

7. equipped　考查被动语态。该句主语为robots，和动词equip之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。

8. with　考查with复合结构。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了with复合结构，with的宾语是our population，现在分词短语becoming older作with的宾语补足语。

9. has　考查主谓一致和时态。该句主语为Nadine，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；根据该句中的“Currently”可知，该句陈述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故可知答案为has。

10. where　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the university，在从句中作地点状语，故应用where。

B

There were two men who 1. ______(live) next to each other. One of them was a retired teacher and the other was a baker. The teacher 2. 　　　 (rare) cared for the plants in his garden, but the baker was very careful with his plants. Therefore, the teacher's plants were small, while the baker's plants were 3. 　　　 bigger and greener.

One night, 4. 　　　 heavy storm hit the village. The next morning, both of the neighbours came out to check on their gardens. The baker saw that his plants

5. 　　　 (destroy). However, the teacher's plants were not damaged at all and stood firm. 6. 　　　 (surprise), the baker asked the teacher, “We both grew the same plants and I cared for my plants better 7. 　　　 you did. How are your plants still OK？”

The teacher smiled and said, “You gave your plants too much attention, so you made 8. 　　　 too easy for them to grow. I gave my plants just a little bit of water, so their roots had to grow deeper 9. 　　　 (find) more by themselves. That's

10. 　　　 my plants survived.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个邻居对待花园植物的不同态度，虽然退休教师不像面包师那样经常浇灌植物，但是暴风雨来临时，他的植物一点也没有受损。

1. lived　考查谓语动词。句意：有两个人是邻居。句中who引导定语从句，主句中用的是一般过去时，定语从句中也要用一般过去时。故填lived。

2. rarely　考查副词。句意：这位老师很少照看花园中的植物……修饰动词cared用副词。故填rarely。

3. much　考查副词。句意：……然而面包师的植物更大更绿。修饰比较级用much表程度，故填much。

4. a　考查冠词。句意：一天晚上，一场大暴雨袭击了这个村子。泛指“一场”用冠词a，故填a。

5. were destroyed　考查时态和语态。句意：这个面包师看到他的植物被破坏了。“植物”是主语，和谓语动词是被动关系。句中所给动词saw是过去式，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were destroyed。

6. Surprised 　考查形容词。句意：面包师感到很奇怪，他问老师……人感到惊讶用­ed形式的形容词，故填Surprised。

7. than　考查比较级。句意：……我比你更好地照顾植物，比较级后面跟than。故填than。

8. it　考查形式宾语。句意：……所以你让植物生长得太容易。固定结构“make＋it＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.”表示“使得某人做某事感到……”。不定式 to grow作真正宾语，用it作形式宾语，故填it。

9. to find　考查非谓语动词。句意：……为了寻找更多的水所以植物的根部不得不长得更深。表示目的用不定式，故填to find。

10. why　考查表语从句连接词。句意：这是我的植物能存活的原因。be动词后是表语从句，表示原因用why。故填why。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(否定词＋比较级)

It was not until then that I suddenly realised nobody_was_happier_than I was.

2. 你一到云南就请给我发电子邮件。(the instant/instantly)

Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.

3. 不要被说服买你实际上并不需要的东西。(persuade)

Don't let yourself be_persuaded_into_buying things you don't really need.

4. 在缺乏母语的环境下，学习作为一门外语的英语是很难的。(absence)

Learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of_a_ native_language_environment.

5. 那对父母强烈反对他们的女儿单独去那里。(oppose)

The parents strongly_opposed_their_daughter_going_there_alone.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ.  阅读理解

A

Futurologists are making a lot of predictions about our future life and they are predicting how we will travel, work and live in the next 30 years. By 2048, some futurologists foresee that some “talking” buildings will appear in our life.

By the middle of the century, it is believed that buildings will be able to “talk” to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on. As a result, there will be no switches or controls. Instead, a lot of networks will appear, which can be compared to a human nervous system.

In the next 30 years, buildings will be made from translucent (半透明的) concrete plastics and shape­changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time. As architects are racing to develop the world's tallest buildings, there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.

By the  mid­century, scientists believe that buildings will be miles tall. Some of them may be very large and their capacity even enables them to function as small cities. By comparison, at present, the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, measures 829.8 metres high. As the future building can rise through the clouds, their windows will be replaced by virtual screens. In this way, people can choose any view as they like.

At height extremes, a London Spaceport is also likely to come into being by 2048 as the space industry develops very quickly. There is a huge cost advantage going to space from as high a base as possible, so a spaceport is very likely to be over 10km and even as much as 30km, using carbon­based materials.

1. How will the heating system be controlled in the future?

A. Through the net.

B. Through sensors.

C. Through switches.

D. Through mobiles.

2. What might happen to the future buildings in a disaster?

A. They can recover by themselves.

B. They can seek help automatically.

C. They can transport people into space.

D. They can protect people against harm.

3. What is likely to be the advantage of Multi?

A. Making it possible to build high buildings.

B. Allowing vehicles to travel into buildings.

C. Connecting the earth with space.

D. Seeing the scenes as you please.

4. What's the best title for the text?

A. Advanced Technology

B. Our Life in the Future

C. Predictions on Future

D. Future Buildings

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来的楼房是什么样子的。

1. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By the middle of the century, it is believed that buildings will be able to ‘talk’ to people through various sensors when the heating needs to be turned on.”可知，未来供热系统通过传感器来控制。

2. A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the next 30 years, buildings will be made from translucent (半透明的) concrete plastics and shape­changing materials. All of them can heal themselves at that time.”可知，未来楼房可以自行恢复。

3. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... there will be a need for new kinds of elevators, through which vehicles could even travel into the buildings. German engineers have already started working on such technology called Multi.”可知，Multi的优点是能够让车辆进入楼房。

4. D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了未来的楼房是什么样子的。故以“未来楼房”命名最为合适。

B

Screens during meals rob kids of opportunities to improve language and communication skills (storytelling, making jokes, etc.), as well as to develop patience and even imagination as they entertain themselves waiting for food to arrive.

Meals are an opportunity to connect, to learn more about and enjoy each other. They strengthen the bonds that will bring benefits to the rest of our lives. We squander that opportunity when we stick a screen in front of our kids during dinner.

Of course, we all want to have enjoyable family meals, which is why I love Bruce Feiller's book The Secrets of Happy Families, in which he devotes an entire chapter to ways to make them fun and meaningful for everyone — such as “fill in the blank” sentences you make up. Sharing something good and something challenging makes for pleasant conversations, too. And I've had fun playing Uno with my daughters until the food arrives in a restaurant.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (小儿科) also offers guidelines to help families manage children's screen time. The academy recommends avoiding digital media for children under 2, except for video­chatting, and limiting screen time to just one hour a day of high­quality programming for children aging 2 to 5.

Fundamentally, we all benefit from more human connection, not less — and that's especially true for children. Schools, airplane trips, most jobs, games, even “social” interaction were all once done without screens but now are filled with them. And while we have gained some advantages, including new connections, we have lost something fundamental, as well.

Less is always more when it comes to screens, even if they are effective at keeping kids quiet. But soon after complaining that they are “bored”， kids have a natural tendency to fill the screenless void (空虚) with creative games, art, exploration and conversation. There are no studies that warn against having too many hours of those activities.

Let's all work harder to keep family meals special by getting rid of the iPads and nourishing our personal connections as we nourish our bodies.

5. What's the author's attitude to the kids' staring at screens during meals?

A. Disapproving. B. Favourable.

C. Cautious. D. Unconcerned.

6. What does the underlined word “squander” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Take. B. Waste. 

C. Expect. D. Create.

7. What will kids do if they have no access to screens?

A. Keep quiet. 

B. Refuse to eat.

C. Feel bored all the time. 

D. Find ways to entertain themselves.

8. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To introduce the iPads to the children.

B. To stress the importance of family meals.

C. To appeal for family meals without screens.

D. To teach parents how to punish their children.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用餐时看电子产品既对孩子的成长不利也让我们浪费了一个和孩子增进联系的机会，作者呼吁家庭用餐时不要使用屏幕(电子产品)。

5. A　观点态度题。根据第一段和第二段内容可知，用餐时看电子产品既对孩子的成长不利(影响孩子的语言和交流技能，让他们变得没有耐心和缺乏想象力)而且还让我们浪费了一个和孩子增进联系的机会。由此可推知作者对孩子们吃饭时盯着屏幕看持反对态度，故选A。

6. B　词义猜测题。画线词前说用餐是一个相互联系的机会，可以让我们和孩子更多地了解和享受在一起的时间，再根据画线词后的内容“when we stick a screen in front of our kids during dinner”可推知，画线词词义为“浪费”，故选B。

7. D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But soon after complaining that they are ‘bored’， kids have a natural tendency to fill the screenless void(空虚) with creative games, art, exploration and conversation.”可推知，当没有屏幕(电子产品)时，孩子们会想办法自我娱乐，故选D。

8. C　写作意图题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁家庭用餐时不要使用屏幕(电子产品)，故选C。

Ⅱ. 七选五

(2021·全国重点中学模拟)Nowadays, online learning turns out to be more and more practised. It represents an easy and comfortable method for achieving knowledge in almost every field. 　1　 It is therefore especially beneficial to those who can't go to school for certain reasons. But what are the advantages and disadvantages of online learning?

Although many people still consider traditional classes as the best way to attain knowledge, online learning proves to be a useful option. Students have the chance to study in their own time. It is a great way to study many fields and to improve the level of self­motivation.   2   Then there is more time left for hobbies or other activities.

What else? Easy access to all resources of a traditional course helps students learn wherever they are.   3   Among other advantages of online learning there are the responsibility and self­discipline (自律) of students.

  4   At school, students learn how to make friends, be patient, get rid of disappointment, and especially to compete. Online learning cannot offer human interaction. Another disadvantage refers to the fact that online courses cannot deal with thousands of students that try to join discussions.

In conclusion, online learning should be seen as a complement (补充) to and extension of classical forms of learning.   5   Each form of learning has every reason to exist.

A. Online learning reaches more and more people.

B. Online learning is a great alternative to traditional classes.

C. However, only in a small group can a student develop properly.

D. Besides, they are able to attend different courses on the Internet.

E. Even the best online course can't fully replace face­to­face contact.

F. Online learning is effective as students can make full use of their time.

G. But online learning is also effective for those who can't focus their attention.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。现在，在线学习越来越流行，那么相比传统学习方式，它有什么优点和缺点呢？

1. B　后一句提到“因此在线学习尤其会给那些由于某些原因不能去学校的人提供便利”，与B项(在线学习是一种很好的传统课堂的替代方式)构成因果关系。

2. F　由上文中的“Students have the chance to study in their own time.”以及后一句“Then there is more time left for hobbies or other activities.”可以推断出选F项(在线学习高效是因为学生可以充分利用时间)。

3. D　本句承接前一句， 前一句提到学生可以在任何地方学习，故D项(此外，他们可以参加不同的网络课程)符合语境。D项中的they指代前一句中的students。

4. C　根据空后内容可知，在本段，作者开始介绍在线学习的弊端。C项中的However与上文构成转折关系，且空后一句是对C项的解释说明。

5. E　本段是总结性段落，由上文内容可知，传统课堂提供学生面对面互动的机会，而在线学习不能提供，所以在线学习不能完全替代传统课堂，只能用作传统课堂的补充和延伸，故E项(即使是最好的在线课程也不能完全替代面对面接触)符合语境。

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

假如你是李华，得知加拿大“中国文化年”组委会正在中国招募志愿者，你对此很感兴趣。请写一封英文邮件应征，内容包括：

1. 写信的目的；

2. 个人优势；

3. 可做的事情。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 邮件的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Sir/Madam，

I'm Li Hua, a senior student from China. ______________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours，

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Sir/Madam，

I'm Li Hua, a senior student from China. I have got to know you are wanting some volunteers for “The Year of Chinese Culture”. I'm writing to apply for the position.

There are many reasons why I am fit for the position. To begin with, I'm familiar with Chinese culture, which is a must for this event. In addition, I have been learning English for 9 years with a good command of spoken and written English. More importantly, I am outspoken and always ready to help others.

Hopefully, the chance would be offered to me. If chosen, I would dedicate all my energy and wisdom to the event.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours，

Li Hua