高考英语模拟题汇编专题07 完形填空（二）（2份打包，解析版+原卷版）

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专题07 完形填空（一）
（2020届河南省名校联盟高三联考）
Facial expressions 21 meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example in American culture the smile is 22 an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not have the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also 23 true feelings. It often causes 24 across cultures. For example, many people in Russia 25 smiling at strangers in public to be 26 and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the 27 places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to 28 painful feelings. 29 people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our 30 show emotions (情感), but we should not 31 to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The 32 that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another do does not mean that they do not 33 emotions.
34 , there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in 35 situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions 36 .
It is 37 to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness 38 personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more 39 expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the 40 of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
21．A．speak B．carry C．expose D．bring
22．A．on the basis B．in return C．on the contrary D．in general
23．A．hide B．deliver C．convey D．escape
24．A．offence B．doubt C．confusion D．curiosity
25．A．claim B．admit C．discover D．consider
26．A．unusual B．normal C．common D．meaningless
27．A．public B．wrong C．certain D．proper
28．A．cover B．avoid C．ignore D．stop
29．A．Americans B．Germans C．Vietnamese D．Russians
30．A．bodies B．eyes C．faces D．gestures
31．A．manage B．attempt C．encourage D．advise
32．A．fact B．story C．truth D．habit
33．A．deserve B．survive C．suffer D．experience
34．A．Then B．Rather C．Therefore D．Instead
35．A．casual B．private C．hard D．formal
36．A．differently B．willingly C．similarly D．personally
37．A．easy B．difficult C．impossible D．important
38．A．at the risk of B．regardless of C．in spite of D．because of
39．A．facially B．physically C．mentally D．psychologically
40．A．point B．difference C．mistake D．effort
【答案】
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．C
25．B
26．A
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．C
31．B
32．A
33．D
34．B
35．D
36．C
37．B
38．D
39．A
40．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了面部情感表达的含义取决于情景和人们之间的关系, 并且不同的文化也会导致面部情感表达的含义不同。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：面部情感表达所附有的含义是由情景和人们之间的关系来决定的。A. speak说；B. carry 含有，带有，附有（信息）；C. expose暴露，显露；D. bring带来。情景和人们之间的关系决定了面部情感表达附有不同的含义。故选B项。
22．考查介词短语辨析。句意： 例如， 总的来说，在美国文化里微笑是一种快乐的表达.。A. on the basis 在此基础上；B. in return 作为回报；C. on the contrary 相反地；D. in general总的来说。 总的来说，在美国文化里微笑是一种快乐的表达。在概括美国文化里微笑的意义。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：微笑也会隐藏真实的情感。A. hide隐藏；B. deliver传送，交付；C. convey传递；D. escape逃跑。根据上文可知, 微笑可以表达爱或礼貌, 也会隐藏真实的情感。故选A项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：跨文化交流会引起人们的困惑。A. offence冒犯；B. doubt怀疑；C. confusion困惑；D. curiosity好奇。下文提及的在不同国家对陌生人微笑这件事上所具有含义也会不同，可知不同的文化会引起人们的困惑。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，在俄罗斯很多人认为在公共场所对陌生人微笑是不正常的甚至是不恰当的。A. claim宣称；B. admit承认；C. discover发现；D. consider认为。在俄罗斯很多人对在公共场所对陌生人微笑这件事上他们都有自己的想法，认为这是不恰当的。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在俄罗斯很多人认为在公共场所对陌生人微笑是不寻常的甚至是不恰当的。A. unusual不寻常的；B. normal正常的；C. common常见的；D. meaningless没有意义的。句中and表并列关系，空格后是improper，所以要选同类词义，在俄罗斯很多人认为在公共场所对陌生人微笑是不寻常的甚至是不恰当的。BC两项排除，又根据上文可知，不同文化下的微笑是有着不同意义，D项排除。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：俄罗斯认为美国人在不合适的场所微笑，而美国人则认为俄罗斯人笑得太少。A. public公共的；B. wrong错误的，不合适的；C. certain肯定的；D. proper正确的，恰当的。根据分号后的内容可知这两个句子形成对比关系，俄罗斯认为美国人在不合适的场所微笑，而美国人则认为俄罗斯人笑得太少。结合选项，故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在东南亚文化里，微笑也常常被用来掩盖痛苦的感受。A. cover掩盖；B. avoid避免；C. ignore忽略；D. stop停止。由下文“tell a sad story but end the story with a smile” 可知, 微笑是为了掩盖痛苦的感受。故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：越南人也许讲一个悲伤的故事但是却是以微笑作为故事的结尾。A. Americans美国人；B. Germans德国人；C. Vietnamese越南人；D. Russians俄罗斯人。根据上文中的“Southeast Asian cultures” 可知，只有越南位于东南亚地区。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的面部表达了情感。A. bodies身体；B. eyes眼睛；C. faces脸，面部；D. gestures姿势。因为本文的话题是facial expressions，所以我们的面部表达了我们的情感。结合选项，故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们不应该试图从自己文化的角度去解读另一种文化中的人。A. manage完成，应付；B. attempt试图；C. encourage鼓励；D. advise建议。根据“we should not ”可知，我们不应该试图从自己文化的角度去解读另一种文化中的人。故选B项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然一种文化下的人并没有像另一种文化下的人一样公开地表达他们的情感，但这个事实并不意味着他们没有经历情感。A. fact事实；B. story故事；C. truth真相；D. habit习惯。根据上文和本句空格后面引导的定语从句部分“members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another do”可知这是在讲述一种事实情况，故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然一种文化下的人并没有像另一种文化下的人一样公开地表达他们的情感，但这个事实并不意味着他们没有经历情感。A. deserve值得；B. survive生存；C. suffer遭受；D. experience经历。根据句意本句是在讲述一种客观事实，而且也没有褒义贬义的感情色彩，表达的是这个事实并不意味着他们没有经历情感。故选D项。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，面部表情的数量是有文化差异的，这是被允许的。A. Then在那时；B. Rather在某种程度上，相当；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead反而。根据后面的举例内容“For example, in public and in ______ situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions ______. ”可知面部表情有文化差异是在某种程度上而言的。故选B项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在公共场所和正式场合下，许多日本人并没有像美国人一样自由地表达情感。A. casual不经意的，非正式的；B. private私有的；C. hard困难的，努力的；D. formal正式的。根据空前“in public and”以及语境可知, 应是和public同类的词，故选D项。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：私下里和朋友在一起的时候，日本人和美国人表达感情上是相似的。A. differently不同地；B. willingly愿意地；C. similarly相似地；D. personally个人地。由上文“in public and in _____ situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.”可知，上句与本句形成对比，上句是正式场合下日本人和美国人表达情感方式是不同的，而本句是在私下里和朋友在一起的时候, 日本人和美国人表达感情的方式应该就是相似的。故选C项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于在美国存在个人和文化差异, 很难对美国人和面部情感表达进行总结。A. easy容易的，简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. impossible不可能的；D. important重要的。根据句中“personal and cultural differences in the United States.”可知正是因为个人和文化的差异才让在总结美国人和面部情感表达上变得困难，故选B项。
38．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于在美国存在个人和文化差异, 很难对美国人和面部情感表达进行总结。A. at the risk of冒着……风险；B. regardless of无视，忽略；C. in spite of尽管；D. because of由于，因为。总结美国人和面部情感表达上变得困难的原因是个人和文化的差异才。故选D项。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在美国,来自某一特定文化背景的人们似乎比其他的人更具备面部表现力。A. facially面部地；B. physically身体上地；C. mentally精神上地；D. psychologically心理上地。因为本文的话题是facial expressions，所以这里美国人似乎比其他的人更具备的表现力依旧是指面部上的。故选A项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们根据自己的文化习惯去评判他人, 我们可能会犯“错误解读他人”的错误。A. point点，意义；B. difference差别；C. mistake错误；D. effort努力。根据“If we judge according to our own cultural habits”可知，如果我们根据自己的文化习惯去评判他人，这会让我们犯错的。故选C项。
（2020届河南省濮阳市高三第二次模拟）
More than anything else in the world, Jayden Hairston wanted to learn how to sing. 21 , his elementary school in Yonkers didn't 22 the music instruction he needed. So he begged his parents to sign him up for after-school lessons.
His mother said, ''Ever since I could 23 , he has been singing and dancing for the family. '' She wanted to help her son to do whatever he loved, but private lessons were too 24 for the family where there was only one breadwinner.
Then Jayden began researching after-school arts 25 on the Internet. Luckily, he soon 26 the website of Harlem School of the Arts (HSA) in New York City. There, he could 27 singing and dancing lessons. It was a bit far from Yonkers. But he 28 his parents to take him for a visit.
That was three years ago. Now Jayden is one of HSA’s most 29 students. He takes singing, dancing, or theater lessons almost every day after school. Last year, he performed in seven productions. ''When I'm at HSA, I don't want to leave, '' he says. ''It's made me more 30 . I feel better about myself, '' Jayden says.
Like Jayden, many poor students across the United States have 31 access to arts instruction in schools. HSA is one of many nonprofit groups that 32 this gap (缺口) by offering cheaper online arts classes which most families can 33 . These groups are usually funded by donations.
A Harvard University study found that arts instruction does not straightly raise students' 34 in math and English. However, that doesn’t mean arts education isn’t 35 . Arts train a set of thinking skills 36 those measured by test scores. It can also offer another 37 for children who may not 38 good scores in such exams. Without it, students might never 39 their strengths and possibly their future occupations.
Jayden Hairston knows this firsthand. He says Harlem School of the Arts has 40 him to go after his professional goals.
21．A．Besides B．Instead C．Therefore D．However
22．A．offer B．hold C．sell D．follow
23．A．imagine B．speak C．remember D．listen
24．A．attractive B．horrible C．troublesome D．expensive
25．A．applications B．programs C．competitions D．technologies
26．A．ran over B．broke into C．set up D．came across
27．A．teach B．perform C．attend D．check
28．A．convinced B．forced C．instructed D．forbade
29．A．friendly B．active C．selfless D．cautious
30．A．confident B．modest C．reasonable D．sensitive
31．A．direct B．normal C．limited D．broadened
32．A．bridges B．widens C．breaks D．deepens
33．A．advertise B．prepare C．recommend D．afford
34．A．responses B．achievements C．memory D．attention
35．A．exciting B．demanding C．valuable D．reliable
36．A．different from B．regardless of C．similar to D．along with
37．A．challenge B．right C．direction D．destination
38．A．distinguish B．accumulate C．urge D．obtain
39．A．expect B．discover C．process D．satisfy
40．A．required B．motivated C．promised D．reminded
【答案】
21．D
22．A
23．C
24．D
25．B
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．A
31．C
32．A
33．D
34．B
35．C
36．A
37．C
38．D
39．B
40．B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主要讲述了Jayden Hairston因为在学校得不到他自己所需要的艺术指导，因此在征得父母的允许下他选择了一家非盈利的艺术培训学校。文章指出，艺术课程虽然不能直接提高学生的分数，但是可以培养学生其他方面的思维技能，让学生看到自己长处，也可以为学生提供另外的职业方向。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他在Yonkers的小学没有提供他所需要的音乐指导。A. Besides此外；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据上文的Jayden Hairston wanted to learn how to sing和下文的his elementary school in Yonkers didn't ____2____ the music instruction he needed可知上下文是转折关系，故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他在Yonkers的小学没有提供他所需要的音乐指导。A. offer提供；B. hold拿着；C. sell卖；D. follow跟随。根据下文的So he begged his parents to sign him up for after-school lessons.可知他所在的小学没有提供他需要的音乐指导，故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的妈妈说：“自我能够记得起，他一直为家人唱歌跳舞。” A. imagine想象；B. speak说；C. remember记得；D. listen听。根据下文的he has been singing and dancing for the family.可知这是Jayden Hairston妈妈回忆的事情，故用“记得”符合语境，故选C项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想帮助儿子学习他喜欢的任何东西，但是私人课程对这个只有一个人挣钱养家的家庭来说太昂贵了。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. horrible恐怖的；C. troublesome麻烦的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文的there was only one breadwinner.可知此处用“昂贵的”符合语境，故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Jayden开始在网络上搜索课外艺术课程。A. applications申请；B. programs课程；C. competitions竞赛；D. technologies技术。根据下文的Harlem School of the Arts (HSA) in New York City.可知此处用“课程”符合语境，故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：非常幸运，他偶遇了纽约Harlem艺术学校的网站。A. ran over碾过，复查；B. broke into强行进入；C. set up建立；D. came across遇到。根据上文的Luckily可知此处用“偶遇”符合语境，故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那儿，他可以每天放学后去上歌唱、舞蹈或戏剧课程。A. teach教；B. perform表演；C. attend上（学/课）；D. check核查。根据句意可知，此处考查固定用法attend lessons“上课”，故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他说服父母带他去学校看看。A. convinced说服；B. forced强迫；C. instructed指导；D. forbade禁止。根据上文的It was a bit far from Yonkers.可知上下文是转折关系，此处用“说服”符合语境，故选A项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，Jayden是学校里最活跃的学生之一。A. friendly友好的；B. active活跃的；C. selfless无私的；D. cautious警惕的。根据下文的He takes singing, dancing, or theater lessons almost every day after school.可知Jayden是非常活跃的，故选B项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jayden说：“它让我更加有信心了。”A. confident有信心的；B. modest谦虚的；C. reasonable合理的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文的I feel better about myself可知此处应选择一个正向的形容词，用“有信心的”符合语境，故选A项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在美国，有很多像Jayden一样的穷人家的孩子，他们在学校接触的艺术指导是有限的。A. direct直接的；B. normal正常的；C. limited有限的；D. broadened拓宽的。根据上文的his elementary school in Yonkers didn't ____2____ the music instruction he needed. So he begged his parents to sign him up for after-school lessons.可知这些孩子在学校接触的艺术指导是有限的，故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：HAS是众多非盈利艺术学校中的一个，通过提供相对便宜的、大多数家庭都能承担的在线艺术课程缩小差距。A. bridges克服；B. widens拓宽；C. breaks打破；D. deepens加深。根据下文的by offering cheaper online arts classes which most families can ____13____.可知该学校提供的课程bridge the gap“缩小了差距”，故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：HAS是众多非盈利艺术学校中的一个，通过提供大多数家庭都能承担的便宜的在线艺术课程缩小差距。A. advertise打广告；B. prepare准备；C. recommend推荐；D. afford承担。根据上文的offering cheaper online arts classes可知此处用“能够承担”符合语境，故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈佛大学的一项研究发现，艺术指导虽然不能直接提高学生在数学、英语科目的成绩。A. responses回应；B. achievements成绩；C. memory记忆；D. attention专注力。根据下文的Arts train a set of thinking skills ____16____ those measured by test scores.可知此处用“成绩”符合语境，achievement和score是同义词复现，故选B项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但，那并不意味着它没有价值。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. demanding要求高的；C. valuable有价值的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文的Arts train a set of thinking skills可知艺术指导也是非常有价值的，故选C项。
36．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：艺术训练的一系列思维技巧和那些用测试的分数来衡量的思维技巧不同。A. different from与……不同；B. regardless of不管；C. similar to与……相似；D. along with和……一起。结合常识可知，艺术课程培养的技能和数学、英语等培养的技能不同，故选A项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还可以为那些在考试中可能不会获得好分数的孩子提供另外一个方向。A. challenge挑战；B. right权利；C. direction方向；D. destination目的地。根据下文的their strengths and possibly their future occupations.可知，此处是指为考试分数不好的孩子提供另外的职业方向，故选C项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还可以为那些在考试中可能不会获得好分数的孩子提供另外一个方向。A. distinguish区分；B. accumulate积累；C. urge催促；D. obtain获得。根据语言表达常识可知，我们一般说“获得好成绩”，故选D项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有艺术课程，学生可能绝不会发现他们的长处和他们将来可能的职业。A. expect期待；B. discover发现；C. process处理；D. satisfy使……满意。根据句意可知，此处用“发现”符合语境，故选B项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说Harlem艺术学校已经激励他去追寻他的专业目标。A. required要求；B. motivated激励；C. promised承诺；D. reminded提醒。根据上文的''When I'm at HSA, I don't want to leave, '' he says. ''It's made me more ____10____. I feel better about myself, '' Jayden says.可知此处用“激励”符合语境，故选B项。
（2020届河南省郑州市第三次质量预测）
Very few of us become fluent in another language by learning it in high school.
I went to university and then moved across the country to seek a 21 job, married and raised children. I made an effort to 22 the little bit of French I learned in school, but eventually I realized that this was really 23 . I was quite aware that new languages are best learned when young, and that our abilities in that regard decline with 24 .
However, just before my 50th birthday, I 25 French classes. After I was tested to see which group I belonged to, I was placed at almost the introductory 26 . When I looked around at my first class, I was 27 that many of the students were learning French as a third, fourth or even fifth language.
Contrary to my 28 that learning a new language was impossibly difficult, there were people who learned new languages as a matter of course.While I had always thought of myself as a 29 learner, that was no longer the case. I 30 new vocabulary rather slowly.What I learned one week seemed to 31 as soon as I learned the next skill. I had to look up the 32 words and language structures over and over. Now, after several years of learning, I can listen to the news in French and 33 90% of it on the first try, read a novel if the language isn't too 34 and hold up my end of a conversation if it doesn't go loo fast. I've learned so much beyond grammar and vocabulary. I've met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the 35 to make fools of themselves in order to learn something new. I've been taught by 36 and inspirational teachers from many comers of the world. Listening to the news as it is 37 to the people of France, I have a renewed understanding of how something can look 38 different from another viewpoint. I've learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of 39 . But most of all, I've learned that it is never too 40 to learn something new.
21．A．demanding B．temporary C．meaningful D．popular
22．A．understand B．review C．keep D．master
23．A．helpful B．pointless C．worthwhile D．necessary
24．A．health B．concern C．interest D．age
25．A．got ready for B．got on with C．signed up for D．fell in love with
26．A．level B．position C．attempt D．test
27．A．disappointed B．amazed C．annoyed D．excited
28．A．agreement B．research C．assumption D．conclusion
29．A．clumsy B．confident C．serious D．quick
30．A．absorbed B．consulted C．created D．recognized
31．A．go down B．pay off C．slip away D．build up
32．A．key B．same C．fresh D．complex
33．A．catch B．recite C．guess D．hear
34．A．changeable B．international C．difficult D．native
35．A．chance B．trick C．courage D．desire
36．A．energetic B．patient C．polite D．simple
37．A．announced B．sent C．returned D．presented
38．A．completely B．equally C．roughly D．slightly
39．A．challenging B．thinking C．living D．learning
40．A．slow B．impossible C．late D．inconvenient
【答案】
21．A
22．C
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．D
30．A
31．C
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．C
36．B
37．D
38．A
39．B
40．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。文章介绍了作者在50岁学习法语，历经几年的努力，终于大概掌握这门语言的过程。同时，作者还介绍了自己一些感想和体会。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我上了大学，然后到全国各地寻找一份要求很高的工作，结婚，养育孩子。A. demanding要求高的；B. temporary暂时的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. popular流行的，受欢迎的。根据前面“moved across the country”可知，作者大学毕业之后，到全国各地去找工作，由此推知，作者应该是想找一份好工作，根据常识可知，好工作往往“要求比较高”。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终我意识到这是毫无意义的。A. understand理解；B. review复习；C. keep保持；D. master精通，掌握。根据常识可知，一个人在结婚有了孩子之后，如果日常生活中不再接触使用在学校里学的某种语言，那么这门语言就会被慢慢遗忘。由此可知，该句想表达的意思是：作者在结婚之后想努力“保持”在学校学到的那点法语，但最后失败了。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终我意识到这是毫无意义的。 A. helpful有帮助的；B. pointless无意义的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. necessary必要的。根据but转折可知，作者想保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终失败了。所以他意识到自己的努力是“没有意义的”。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚，学习新语言最好是在年轻的时候，而我们在这方面的能力会随着年龄的增长而衰退。A. health健康；B. concern关心；C. interest兴趣；D. age年龄。根据前一句“new languages are best learned when young(学习新语言最好是在年轻的时候)”可以推知，语言学习能力会随着年龄的增长而衰退。故选D。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，就在我50岁生日前夕，我报了法语班。A. got ready for为……做好准备；B. got on with和……相处；C. signed up for报名参加； D. fell in love with爱上。根据下一句“After I was tested to see which group I belonged to, I was placed at almost the introductory ___6___”可知，作者经过测试被放到了入门级别。由此推知，作者报名参加法语班。故选C。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在测试我属于哪一组之后，我几乎被放在了入门级别。A. level水平，级别；B. position职位，位置；C. attempt企图；D. test检测，测试。测试结果表明作者属于入门级别。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在第一堂课上环顾四周时，我惊讶地发现，许多学生都在把法语作为第三、第四甚至第五种语言来学习。A. disappointed失望的；B. amazed惊奇的；C. annoyed恼怒的，生气的；D. excited兴奋的。许多学生都在把法语作为第三、第四甚至第五种语言来学习，这是出乎作者意料的，因此作者非常“惊讶”。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我的设想（学习一门新语言是非常困难的）相反，有一些人把新语言作为一件理所当然的事情来学习。A. agreement协议，一致；B. research研究；C. assumption假定，设想；D. conclusion结论。学习一门新语言是非常困难的，这是作者初学这门语言时的“设想”。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直认为自己是一个快速的学习者，但情况不再是这样。A. clumsy笨拙的；B. confident有信心的；C. serious严肃的；D. quick快速的。根据下文中的“that was no longer the case ”和“rather slowly”可知，作者学习新词汇相当地慢。由此推知，他原本认为自己是个学东西很快的人，实际情况并非如此。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吸收新词汇的速度相当慢。A. absorbed吸收；B. consulted咨询；C. created创造；D. recognized认出。作者学习新词汇的速度相当慢，即：作者“吸收”新词汇的速度慢。故选A。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我学会了下一项技能时，我一周所学到的似乎就消失了。A. go down下降；B. pay off还清；C. slip away逃走，悄悄溜走；D. build up建造。根据前一句作者吸收新词汇速度慢可知，作者学会下一个技能，前一周刚学的东西就会被忘记，即：前一周学的东西“溜走”了。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不一遍又一遍地查找相同的单词和语言结构。A. key关键的；B. same同样的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. complex复杂的。前一句提到，作者很快就会忘记一周内学习的东西，所以他不得不反复的查找之前学过的“相同的”的单词和语言结构。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，经过几年的学习，我可以听法语新闻，一次就能理解90%的内容。A. catch理解，抓住；B. recite背诵；C. guess猜测；D. hear听见。该句展示的作者数年的学习结果。因此，该处指作者听法语新闻时，一次可以“理解，听懂”90%的内容。故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一本小说的法语不是特别难，我可以读懂这本小说。A. changeable可改变的； B. international国际的；C. difficult困难的；D. native本地的，本国的。该句表达作者经过数年的学习，已经初步掌握了法语。如果一本小说的法语不是过于的难，作者也能看懂。也就是说，作者能够看懂一般的法语。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过来自世界各地和各行各业的人，他们为了学习新东西，敢于出丑。A. chance机会；B. trick诡计，恶作剧；C. courage勇气；D. desire欲望，要求。人们为了学习新东西，有敢于出丑的“勇气”，不怕在别人面前丢脸。故选C。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾被来自世界各地有耐心并且鼓舞人心的老师教导。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. patient有耐心的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. simple简单的。该空和inspirational并列，修饰teachers，应用褒义词，且表示老师教学生，那么，“有耐心”更符合。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听着向法国人民播出的新闻，我对一个事物从另一个角度看起来如何会完全不同有了新的理解。 A. announced 宣布；B. sent派；C. returned返回；D. presented播出。根据listening可知，当新闻被播出时，作者听这些新闻。故选D。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：听着向法国人民播出的新闻，我对一个事物从另一个角度看起来如何会完全不同有了新的理解。A. completely完全地；B. equally平等地；C. roughly粗略地；D. slightly稍微地。根据前面的“renewed understanding”可知，从另一个角度，我们对事物会有“完全”不同的新的理解。故选A。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了语言不仅仅是一套单词，而且是一种思维方式。A. challenging挑战；B. thinking思考，认为，想；C. living生活，居住；D. learning学习。根据常识可知，语言不仅仅是一套单词，而且是一种思维方式。故选B。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，我懂得了什么时候学习新东西都不晚。A. slow慢的；B. impossible不可能的；C. late晚的，迟到的；D. inconvenient不方便的。作者在50多岁开始学习法语，经过几年的学习，不仅初通法语，而且还有很多感悟。由此可知，作者认为：学习新东西什么时候都不“晚”。故选C。
（2020届黑龙江省实验校高三第二次模拟）
During the winter vacation,I was involved in an image-processing project. My task was to extract（提取）the shape of every cell from a(n) 21 of microscope images. It seemed quite straightforward at first,but it turned out to be 22 .
Since I did not have any experience in image processing,I studied some basic 23 on my own and started to use a very popular function library(函数库）called OpenCV. As the time was 24 ,I just learnt to apply techniques without going into the mathematical rationale(原理）。As a result,I didn't complete the task in an efficient way and 25 lots of time.
Through this project,I got a good 26 of the importance of studying the basic knowledge. I will probably 27 to spend more time studying the theory before I 28 another project. By learning their underlying mechanisms(机制），I will be able to 29 the tools to suit my own needs. In this way,1 may achieve 30 results.
Another challenge I met was about the brightness setting. When I sketched(勾勒）the 31 of the cell by the computer,I first set the brightness value to 50, 32 that the computer could delete the dark places and extract the shape of the cell 33 . But it turned out that the standard didn't fit for every image. So 1 34 the brightness value to 30,but that didn't 35 either. It was very hard to find a value that worked for all 36
From this,I began to appreciate human eyes. Our eyes 37 the amount of light entering them automatically through a feedback system to achieve the best image representation,but computers are not that 38 . There is still so much that we don't know about the human body.
In summary,I think it is good for students to be involved in real projects 39 they can begin to learn about various fundamental 40 and get themselves ready for the future.
21．A．collection B．addiction C．measurement D．accumulation
22．A．simple B．dangerous C．skeptical D．challenging
23．A．items B．techniques C．concepts D．contents
24．A．limited B．previous C．permanent D．equal
25．A．saved B．postponed C．appreciated D．wasted
26．A．use B．sense C．knowledge D．belief
27．A．enjoy B．decline C．choose D．demand
28．A．turn down B．set about C．put forward D．make out
29．A．evaluate B．settle C．dispose D．handle
30．A．better B．quicker C．easier D．closer
31．A．character B．figure C．movement D．outline
32．A．declaring B．requiring C．hoping D．recommending
33．A．automatically B．willingly C．deliberately D．rapidly
34．A．attached B．applied C．changed D．appealed
35．A．work B．solve C．achieve D．gain
36．A．results B．images C．places D．theories
37．A．absorb B．accept C．adjust D．delete
38．A．accessible B．ambitious C．fashionable D．intelligent
39．A．when B．because C．although D．unless
40．A．conclusions B．functions C．systems D．principles
【答案】
21．A
22．D
23．B
24．A
25．D
26．B
27．C
28．B
29．D
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．A
36．B
37．C
38．D
39．B
40．D
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者通过在寒假参与图像处理项目中遇到的两个挑战，呼吁大学生都能积极的参与实践当中，掌握不同的理论知识为未来做准备。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的任务是从显微镜图像采集中提取细胞的形状。A.collection收集；B. addiction瘾；C. measurement测量；D. accumulation堆积物。结合前文提到我参与了图像处理项目，可知此处表示“显微镜图像采集工作”。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开始，这项工作似乎相当简单，但是事实证明，它非常具有挑战性。A. simple简单的；B. dangerous危险的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. challenging有挑战性的。结合第二段“As a result, I didn't complete the task in an efficient way and___5___lots of time.”可知这项工作是具有难度的，有挑战性。故选D项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我没有任何图像处理的经验，所以我学习了一些基础的技能，并且使用OpenCV这个非常流行的函数库。A. items项目；B. techniques技能；C. concepts概念；D. contents内容。结合下一句提到“I just learnt to apply techniques…”可知我学习了一些基本技能。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于时间有限，我只学会了应用技能，而没有了解原理。A. limited限制的；B. previous先前的；C. permanent永久的；D. equal相同的。根据上文可知，我只是在寒假参加了这个项目，因此时间受到限制。故选A项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，我没有用有效的方法完成任务，浪费了许多时间。A. saved节约；B. postponed拖延；C. appreciated欣赏；D. wasted浪费。结合句意“I didn't complete the task in an efficient way”可知浪费了很多时间。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这个项目，我领悟到学习基础知识的重要性。A. use用法；B. sense感觉；C. knowledge知识；D. belief信念。此处get a sense of译为“理解、领悟”。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很可能在开始下一个项目之前，选择花更多的时间去学习理论。A. enjoy喜欢；B. decline下降；C. choose选择；D. demand要求。choose to do译为“决定要去做某事（但是还没有实现）”符合句意。故选C项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很可能在开始下一个项目之前，选择花更多的时间去学习理论。A. turn down调低；B. set about开始；C. put forward向前；D. make out辨认出。结合句意可知，我要在参加下一个项目之前，就开始提高自己的理论知识学习。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过研究它们的根本机制，我能够操纵这些器具来满足自己的需要。A. evaluate评估；B. settle建立；C. dispose布置；D. handle操纵。结合上下文语境，可知我在研究这项技术，目的是为了能够很好的操纵这些器具，来达到自己的需求。故选D项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这样的方法，我可能实现更好的结果。A. better更好的；B. quicker更快的；C. easier更简单的；D. closer更近的。结合上文可知我研究理论的目的，是为了能够在下一次的项目中得到更好的结果。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我用电脑勾勒细胞的轮廓时，我首先将亮度值提到50…。A. character品质，特征；B. figure数字；C. movement运动；D. outline轮廓。根据文章第一段可知，我的任务是提取细胞的形状，即细胞的轮廓。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我首先将亮度值提到50，希望电脑能够消除黑影，自动提取细胞形状。A. declaring宣称；B. requiring需求；C. hoping希望；D. recommending推荐。结合文章上句可知，我调高亮度值的目的是希望自动得到细胞形状。故选C项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我首先将亮度值提到50，希望电脑能够消除黑影，自动提取细胞形状。A. automatically自动地；B. willingly甘心情愿；C. deliberately故意的；D. rapidly快速的。结合语境可知，我认为屏幕变亮就会隐藏黑影，电脑就能自动显示出细胞形状。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我将亮度值变成30，但是电脑也没有自动显示出细胞形状。A. attached把…固定在；B. applied申请；C. changed改变；D. appealed呼吁。根据上文可知，我开始时将亮度值设定为50，后又改为30。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此我将亮度值变成30，但是电脑也没有自动显示出细胞形状。A. work使…工作；B. solve解决；C. achieve实现；D. gain获得。根据下文“It was very hard to find a value that worked for all ___16___”可知很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值，该句中worked for 与that didn't work相呼应。故选A项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值。A. results结果；B. images影像；C. places地方；D. theories理论。根据But it turned out that the standard didn't fit for every image.可知这里意思是很难找到适合所有影像的亮度值 。故选B项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的眼睛通过反馈系统自动调节光，从而进入眼内来获取最佳的图像展示,…。A. absorb吸收；B. accept接受；C. adjust调节；D. delete删除。结合语境可知，我们的眼睛对光是带有自动调节作用。故选C项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的眼睛通过反馈系统自动调节光，从而进入眼内来获取最佳的图像展示，但是电脑就没有那种能力。A. accessible可接近地；B. ambitious有野心的；C. fashionable流行的；D. intelligent有才智的、有理解和学习能力的。该句是将电脑与人眼进行比较，可知电脑没有人眼识别影像的能力。故选D项。
39．考查连词。句意：我认为学生参与到实际项目中来是好的，因为他们能够了解不同的基础原理，能为他们将来做准备。A. when当…时候；B. because因为；C. although尽管；D. unless除非…不。结合语境，可是前后为因果关系，故使用because引导原因状语从句。A项when引导时间状语从句；C项although引导让步状语从句；D项unless引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为学生参与到实际项目中来是好的，因为他们能够了解不同基础原理，为他们将来做准备。A. conclusions结论；B. functions功能；C. systems体系；D. principles原理、规范。结合语境可知，我在参与项目得到的收获是掌握原理的重要性，可知此处我建议大家在参与项目的同时，学习更多的理论。故选D项。
（2020届湖南省怀化市高三第二次模拟）
We were five minutes into the worst disorder. That was the worst experience — approaching Boston Airport in a severe winter 21 . I turned to the woman next to me and said, ''Hey, would you mind 22 with me for a few minutes? I'm really nervous."
''Sure. My name is Sue；the woman replied, 23 warmly. ''What brings you to Boston? '' I started to explain that I was on a business trip. Then the plane shook violently, and 24 slipped of my tongue. ''I might need to hold your hand too.'' Sue took my hand in both of hers, 25 it, and held tight. When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. She was so calm, effective, and 26 —''Yep, this is a little bumpy(颠簸的), but we'll be on the ground safely soon,'' she told me — that I asked her what she did for a living. ''I'm a retired physical education teacher, and I 27 women's volleyball, '' she said. 28 , I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.
Sue and I talked about our families, our vacations, our love of the ocean until the plane finally 29 . Then the businessman sitting on the other side of her, who'd been silent the entire 30 , remarked that he'd 31 our conversation. ''It 32 me and I was not scared any more.'' he said.
When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big 33 and my card. A few days later, I received a/an 34 with the subject line "Broken Hand on Jet Blue."
''I have to admit that I was just as 35 as you were but did not say it,'' Sue wrote. ''I just 36 your hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary 37 '' She added that when she'd told her friends about our conversation, they 38 her because they knew she loved to talk.
I told my friends about Sue too. I explained how kind she was to me, and what I learned: It's OK to ask for help from a 39 if you need it. Now if I mention to my friends that I am 40 or worried, they respond, ''Just think of Sue''
21．A．night B．storm C．flood D．rain
22．A．singing B．running C．drawing D．chatting
23．A．embracing B．cheering C．smiling D．praising
24．A．words B．songs C．comments D．ideas
25．A．patted B．beat C．washed D．scratched
26．A．creative B．knowledgeable C．reliable D．brilliant
27．A．played B．made C．studied D．coached
28．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Gradually D．Generally
29．A．crashed B．worked C．returned D．landed
30．A．activity B．adventure C．flight D．ceremony
31．A．hated B．enjoyed C．understood D．missed
32．A．disappointed B．distracted C．upset D．frightened
33．A．present B．deal C．hug D．hand
34．A．e-mail B．greeting C．service D．hand
35．A．energetic B．enthusiastic C．talkative D．nervous
36．A．shook B．seized C．kissed D．warmed
37．A．situation B．decision C．comment D．behavior
38．A．worried about B．took care of C．laughed at D．looked up to
39．A．friend B．passerby C．passenger D．stranger
40．A．stressed B．ashamed C．bored D．moved
【答案】
21．B
22．D
23．C
24．A
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．B
29．D
30．C
31．B
32．B
33．C
34．A
35．D
36．B
37．A
38．C
39．D
40．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在飞机上与陌生人交流的一次经历。通过这个故事，作者告诉我们和陌生人交流互动有助于改善我们的焦虑。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是最糟糕的经历——在一个有剧烈暴风雨的冬日靠近波士顿机场。A. night晚上；B. storm暴风雨；C. flood洪水；D. rain雨。根据下文的Then the plane shook violently可知那天是暴风雨的天气，故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“喂，你愿意和我聊几分钟吗？我真的很紧张。”A. singing唱歌；B. running跑；C. drawing画画；D. chatting聊天。根据下文的Yep, this is a little bumpy(颠簸的), but we'll be on the ground safely soon, '' she told me — that I asked her what she did for a living. ''I'm a retired physical education teacher,可知她们在聊天，故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当然可以。我叫苏。”这个女人一边回答，一边热情地微笑。A. embracing拥抱；B. cheering使……高兴；C. smiling微笑；D. praising赞美。根据下文的She was so calm, effective, and ___6___ —''Yep, this is a little bumpy(颠簸的), but we'll be on the ground safely soon, ''可推测苏是一个非常友善的人，故此处用“微笑”符合语境，故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，飞机剧烈摇晃，一句话脱口而出“我可能还需要握着你的手。”A. words话；B. songs歌；C. comments评论；D. ideas主意。根据下文的I might need to hold your hand too. 可知这是作者慌乱时说的一句话，故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏双手握着我的手，轻拍着它，并紧紧地握着。A. patted轻拍；B. beat敲打；C. washed洗；D. scratched挠。根据上文的I'm really nervous.可知此处是指苏拍着作者的手安慰她，故选A项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很镇定、有效，且很可靠。A. creative有创造力的；B. knowledgeable博学的；C. reliable可靠的；D. brilliant聪明的。根据上文的When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief.可知作者认为苏是一个可靠的人，故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我是一个退休的体育老师，而且 我是女子排球队的教练。” A. played打（球）；B. made制作；C. studied学习，研究；D. coached教练。根据下文的I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.可知此处用“教练”符合语境，coach是原词复现，故选D项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立即能看出她肯定是一个非常棒的教练。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Immediately立即；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Generally大体上。结合上下文可知，此处是指当苏说她是排球教练时，作者根据她在飞机上的表现，立即就断定苏肯定是一个非常棒的教练，故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏和我谈论了我们的家庭、假期、我们对海洋的喜爱，直到飞机最后着陆。A. crashed碰撞；B. worked工作；C. returned返回；D. landed着陆。根据下文的When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big ___13___ and my card.可知飞机着陆了，故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，坐在她另一边的男士，他整个飞行都非常安静，说他对我们的谈话很感兴趣。A. activity活动；B. adventure冒险；C. flight飞行；D. ceremony仪式。根据上文的Then the plane shook violently可知故事发生在飞机上，故此处用“飞行”符合语境，故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，坐在她另一边的男士，他整个飞行都非常安静，说他很喜欢我们的对话。A. hated讨厌；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. understood明白；D. missed错过，想念。根据下文的I was not scared any more.可知这位男士很喜欢作者和苏的对话，故选B项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“它分散了我的注意力，因此我不再害怕了。” A. disappointed使失望；B. distracted使分心；C. upset使伤心；D. frightened使害怕。根据下文的I was not scared any more.可知此处用“分散我的注意力”符合语境，故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们道别时，我给了苏一个大大的拥抱，以及我的名片。A. present礼物；B. deal交易；C. hug拥抱；D. hand手。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者给苏一个拥抱对她紧握自己手并和自己聊天表示感谢，故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天之后，我收到了一封主题是Broken Hand on Jet Blue的电子邮件。A. e-mail电子邮件；B. greeting问候；C. service服务；D. hand手。根据上文的card和下文的with the subject line "Broken Hand on Jet Blue."可知此处用“电子邮件”符合语境，故选A项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：苏写道“我不得不承认我和你一样紧张，但我没有说。”A. energetic精力充沛的； B. enthusiastic热情的；C. talkative善谈的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上文的I'm really nervous.可知此处用“紧张”符合语境，nervous是原词复现，故选D项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我只有用尽全力紧紧抓着你的手。感谢你帮我度过了这个令人恐惧的情况。” A. shook摇动；B. seized抓；C. kissed吻；D. warmed温暖。根据上文的Sue took my hand in both of hers可知此处用“抓”符合语境，seize和take是同义词复现，故选B项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我只有用尽全力紧紧抓着你的手。感谢你帮我度过了这个令人恐惧的情况。”A. situation情况；B. decision决定；C. comment评论；D. behavior举止。结合上下文可知，此处是指当时那种暴风雨天飞机不断剧烈摇晃的情况，故选A项。
38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她补充说，当她把我们的对话告诉她的朋友时，她们都笑她，因为她们知道她非常喜欢聊天。A. worried about担心；B. took care of照顾；C. laughed at笑；D. looked up to尊敬。根据上文的Hey, would you mind ___2___ with me for a few minutes?可知是作者首先提出想和苏聊天，但苏的朋友们都认为苏非常喜欢聊天，应该是她先提出聊天的请求，所以朋友们都笑她，故选C项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你需要帮助，向一个陌生人提出请求是可以的。A. friend朋友；B. passerby过路人；C. passenger乘客；D. stranger陌生人。结合上下文可知，作者和苏本来相互不认识，故此处用“陌生人”符合语境，故选D项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我告诉朋友我感到有压力或者担心时，她们就会说：“想想苏吧！” A. stressed有压力的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. bored无聊的；D. moved感动的。根据下文的or worried可知此处应选择一个和worried感情色彩相同的词，再结合上文的I'm really nervous.可知此处用“有压力的”符合语境，故选A项。
（2020届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三模拟一）
Where are the bees?
Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of 21 , such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a. third of the food we eat is a(n) 22 of pollination of the bees. 23 , bees have been disappearing at a(n) f 24 rate.
In 2006, beekeepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the 25 of adult honey bees from a hive. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.
There were many 26 for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to 27 pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from, 28 honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now 29 travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the 30 change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very 31 to bees. It is 32 for up to 30% of the hive to die during 33 due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not 34 what they usually live on. 35 , they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.
The 36 reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very 37 to the economy. The bee pollination services are 38 over $ 8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done 39 , which would have, effects on the quality, of food and increase food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest 40 be the loss of that tiny flying insect.
21．A．flowers B．trees C．crops D．grass
22．A．protection. B．result C．power D．impact
23．A．Eventually B．Accidentally C．Interestingly D．Unfortunately
24．A．alarming B．moderate C．amusing D．reasonable
25．A．escape B．loss C．boom D．growth
26．A．chances B．theories C．adjustments D．excuses
27．A．go with B．agree with C．do with D．deal with
28．A．producing B．buying C．giving away D．processing
29．A．consists of B．accounts for C．lies in D．counts on
30．A．beekeepers B．behaviors C．prices D．seasons
31．A．beneficial B．acceptable C．stressful D．familiar
32．A．avoidable B．temporary C．not unusual D．rare
33．A．flight B．circle C．stay D．transport
34．A．interested in B．exposed to C．accustomed to D．hunting for
35．A．Or else B．However C．Therefore D．Instead
36．A．exact B．extra C．complex D．original
37．A．exciting B．great C．contrary D．costly
38．A．spending B．paying C．worth D．valuable
39．A．by chance B．by hand C．in time D．in turn
40．A．may well B．need C．must D．can’t
【答案】
21．C
22．B
23．D
24．A
25．B
26．B
27．C
28．A
29．A
30．D
31．C
32．C
33．D
34．B
35．D
36．A
37．D
38．C
39．B
40．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了蜜蜂正以惊人的速度消失，这可能和运输、农作物使用杀虫剂以及环境有关，但是没人知道确切原因。文章还说明了这种现象对人类和经济的影响。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂酿蜜，但它们也给大面积的农作物授粉，比如草莓、苹果和洋葱。A. flowers花朵；B. trees数目；C. crops农作物；D. grass草地。结合后文such as strawberries, apples and onions.可知蜜蜂给大面积的农作物授粉，比如草莓、苹果和洋葱。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们吃的食物中，大约有三分之一是蜜蜂授粉的结果。A. protection保护；B. result结果；C. power力量；D. impact影响。根据后文of pollination of the bees.可知此处指人们吃的食物中大约有三分之一是蜜蜂授粉的结果。a result of“是……的结果”。故选B。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。A. Eventually终于；B. Accidentally意外地；C. Interestingly有趣地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。上文提到蜜蜂对人们的食物有重要作用，但是不幸地是（Unfortunately），蜜蜂正在迅速消失。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。A. alarming使人惊恐的，令人担忧的；B. moderate温和的；C. amusing有趣的；D. reasonable合理的。根据第二段中In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.可知蜜蜂正在以惊人的速度消失。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜂群崩溃失调的主要症状是成年蜜蜂从蜂巢中减少。A. escape逃走；B. loss减少；C. boom繁荣；D. growth生长。结合后文In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.可知蜂群崩溃失调的主要症状是成年蜜蜂从蜂巢中减少，导致养蜂人报告说他们减少了30%到90%的蜂巢。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于蜜蜂的消失有许多理论。A. chances机会；B. theories理论；C. adjustments调整；D. excuses借口。根据后文But the most convincing one可知此处指关于蜜蜂的消失有许多理论。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但最令人信服的是，这与农药和蜜蜂的生活方式有关。A. go with伴随；B. agree with同意；C. do with与……有关，利用；D. deal with处理。结合后文pesticides and lifestyles of bees today.可知最令人信服的是这与农药和蜜蜂的生活方式有关。短语have to do with“与……有关”。其中故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，养蜂人的大部分收入不是来自生产蜂蜜，而是来自租用蜜蜂给植物授粉。A. producing生产；B. buying购买；C. giving away泄露；D. processing加工。根据后文honey可知此处指养蜂人的大部分收入不是来自生产蜂蜜。故选A。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这意味着，现在典型的蜜蜂的生活包括随着季节的变化，到全国各地为农作物授粉。A. consists of包括，组成；B. accounts for对……做出解释；C. lies in在于；D. counts on指望。结合后文travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the可知蜜蜂的生活如今包括（consists of）随着季节的变化，到全国各地为农作物授粉。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，随着季节的变化，典型的蜜蜂现在的生活就是在全国各地为农作物授粉。A. beekeepers养蜂人；B. behaviors行为；C. prices价格；D. seasons季节。蜜蜂给农作物授粉是根据农作物生长季节决定的。其他选项不符合语境。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压力很大。A. beneficial有益的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. stressful压力大的，紧张的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文due to stress可知蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压力很大。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在运输过程中，由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。A. avoidable可避免的；B. temporary暂时的；C. not unusual并不罕见，不在少数；D. rare稀有的。上文提到蜜蜂要经常乘坐卡车，这对蜜蜂来说压力很大，因此在运输过程中由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在运输过程中，由于压力，高达30%的蜂群死亡并不罕见。A. flight飞行；B. circle循环；C. stay停留；D. transport运输。结合上文That means a lot of traveling on trucks可知此处指蜂群在卡车运输过程中因为压力而死亡。故选D。
34．考查短语辨析。句意：此外，大部分时间被锁在卡车上的蜜蜂也没有接触到它们通常赖以生存的环境。A. interested in感兴趣；B. exposed to接触；C. accustomed to习惯于；D. hunting for寻找。根据后文they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.可知蜜蜂被关在卡车里，接触不到它们赖以生存的环境，只能吃玉米的甜液为生。短语be exposed to“接触”。故选B。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，它们以甜玉米汁为生，这种甜玉米汁通常被农药污染。A. Or else要不然；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead相反。上文提到蜜蜂被在关在卡车里，接触不到自己赖以生存的环境，相反（Instead），它们只能吃甜玉米汁为生，这种甜玉米汁通常被农药污染。故选D。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚，但是失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。A. exact准确的；B. extra额外的；C. complex复杂的；D. original原来的。根据后文reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure以及第三段中提到的关于蜜蜂消失有很多理论，那么关于蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚。故选A。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂消失的确切原因还不清楚，但是失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. great伟大的；C. contrary相反的；D. costly昂贵的。根据后文over $ 8 billion a year.可知此处失去蜜蜂对经济来说是非常昂贵的。指故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蜜蜂授粉服务每年的价值超过80亿美元。A. spending花费；B. paying支付；C. worth价值，值得；D. valuable形容词，有价值的。结合后文over $ 8 billion a year.可知蜜蜂授粉服务每年的价值超过80亿美元。故选C。
39．考查短语辨析。句意：没有了蜜蜂，授粉就只能靠手工完成了，这将会影响食品的质量，并增加食品价格。A. by chance偶然；B. by hand用手；C. in time及时；D. in turn反过来。根据上文With no bees, pollination will have to be done可知没有了蜜蜂，那么农作物的授粉只能靠人类手工完成。故选B。
40．考查情态动词辨析。句意：但最大的损失之一很可能是这种小飞虫的消失。A. may well很可能；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. can’t不能。结合句意表示“很可能”结合选项应用may well，其他选项代入不符合语境。故选A。
（2020届江西省赣州市高三二模）
About a week after Glenda and Raphi Savitz welcomed their daughter Samantha to the world, they learned that she was deaf. “ 21 , it was a surprise and a challenge,” Glenda says. “We knew we had to get 22 in the deaf community, learn about the culture, and learn American Sign Language (ASL).”
What the new parents didn’t 23 was that their neighbors would start learning sign language, too.
The Savitzes had moved to their 24 just three months earlier. It’s a place where people are 25 about being good neighbors. When young Samantha was out with her parents, neighbors like Jill McNeil were 26 that they couldn’t talk to her.
“We really wanted to communicate with her,” says McNeil, “ 27 she couldn’t learn our language, we decided to learn hers.”
McNeil and three other neighbors quietly 28 up for local adult education classes in American Sign Language. The classes have been such a 29 that the number of neighbors learning the language 30 about 40.
Learning ASL 31 time. But McNeil says, “The classes are 32 . We have learned some 33 to communicate with Samantha, who’s now a(n) 34 and curious 3-year-old. But sometimes her parents have to 35 for us because her fingers are very small right now and she signs very fast. We’re trying and we’re getting better.”
As a result of that neighborly 36 , Samantha often moves with ease and stops in at neighbors’ homes just to draw pictures and chat.
“It’s absolutely 37 that she feels so at home and they’re signing to her,” says Raphi Savitz, “It’s like being surrounded by family. I couldn’t think of a better 38 for my daughter.”
And they’re not the only ones who are grateful. “We are really enjoying the whole 39 of the learning of ASL together. It’s made our neighborhood a 40 place.” says McNeil.
21．A．Strangely B．Obviously C．Similarly D．Traditionally
22．A．changed B．trapped C．involved D．paid
23．A．know B．control C．intend D．care
24．A．department B．organization C．institution D．neighborhood
25．A．worried B．anxious C．confused D．serious
26．A．ashamed B．thrilled C．frustrated D．delighted
27．A．Since B．Until C．Although D．Unless
28．A．called B．signed C．kept D．set
29．A．balance B．blow C．shock D．hit
30．A．improves B．obtains C．reaches D．achieves
31．A．spends B．takes C．saves D．wastes
32．A．improving B．failing C．working D．beating
33．A．skills B．subjects C．passage D．mistakes
34．A．reliable B．faithful C．energetic D．greedy
35．A．perform B．examine C．act D．translate
36．A．request B．effort C．treatment D．effect
37．A．interesting B．amazing C．puzzling D．embarrassing
38．A．situation B．coach C．contribution D．purpose
39．A．construction B．progress C．reward D．process
40．A．closer B．cleaner C．quieter D．wider
【答案】
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
28．B
29．D
30．C
31．B
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．D
36．B
37．B
38．A
39．D
40．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。在马萨诸塞州牛顿一个关系密切的社区里，很多居民都住在那里。萨曼莎天生失聪，为了让失聪的女孩有宾至如归的感觉，许多邻居开始学习手语。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“显然，这是一件令人惊讶的事，也是一个挑战，”格伦达说。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Obviously显然地；C. Similarly相似地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文可知，格伦达的女儿失聪，这显然是一件令人惊讶的事，也是一个挑战。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道我们必须参与聋人社区，了解他们的文化，学习美国手语（ASL）。A. changed改变；B. trapped困住；C. involved使参与；D. paid支付。根据语境可知，格伦达的女儿失聪了，那么他们就必须参与聋人社区，了解他们的文化，学习美国手语。get involved in“参与”。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对新父母不知道的是，他们的邻居也开始学习手语。A. know知道；B. control控制；C. intend打算；D. care关心。这对新父母因为孩子失聪才开始接触聋人社区、学习手语，因此他们不知道他们的邻居也开始学习手语。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Savitzes一家三个月前才搬到他们的社区。A. department部门；B. organization组织；C. institution机构；D. neighborhood社区。根据下文It’s a place where people are ____5____ about being good neighbors.可知，Savitzes一家搬到他们的社区。故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个人们对成为好邻居很认真的地方。A. worried担心的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confused困惑的；D. serious认真的。根据下文内容可知，这里的人们对成为好邻居很认真。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当小萨曼莎和父母外出时，像吉尔·麦克尼尔这样的邻居们都很沮丧，因为他们不能和她说话。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. thrilled非常兴奋的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文they couldn’t talk to her.可知，邻居们因为不能和小萨曼莎说话，所以感到很沮丧。故选C。
27．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：“我们真的很想与她沟通，”麦克内尔说，“因为她不能学习我们的语言,我们决定学她的。”A. Since因为；B. Until直到；C. Although尽管；D. Unless除非。根据语境可知，前后句意是因果关系，应使用since引导。故选A。
28．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：麦克内尔和其他三个邻居悄悄地报名参加了当地的美国手语成人教育课程。A. called (up)打电话；B. signed (up)报名，注册；C. kept (up)保持；D. set (up)建立。根据下文local adult education classes in American Sign Language可知，此处指他们报名参加了当地的美国手语成人教育课程。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些课程非常受欢迎，学习这门语言的邻居已达40人左右。A. balance平衡；B. blow吹；C. shock震惊；D. hit很受欢迎的人或事。根据空后about 40可知，学习这门语言的邻居已达40人左右，由此可知，这些课程非常受欢迎。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些课程非常受欢迎，学习这门语言的邻居已达40人左右。A. improves发展；B. obtains获得；C. reaches达到；D. achieves获得。根据空后about 40可知，学习这门语言的邻居已达40人左右。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习美国手语需要时间。A. spends花费（人做主语）；B. takes花费，耗费（事做主语）；C. saves节约；D. wastes浪费。根据常识可知，学习美国手语需要时间。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些课程正在起作用。A. improving发展；B. failing失败；C. working起作用；D. beating打击。根据下文We have learned some ____13____ to communicate with Samantha可知，这些课程正在起作用。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学会了一些与萨曼莎交流的技巧，她现在是一个充满活力和好奇心的3岁孩子。A. skills技能；B. subjects科目；C. passage文章；D. mistakes错误。根据语境可知，此处指学会了一些与萨曼莎交流的技巧。故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们学会了一些与萨曼莎交流的技巧，她现在是一个充满活力和好奇心的3岁孩子。A. reliable可靠的；B. faithful忠实的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据空后curious 3-year-old及常识可知，这个3岁的孩子充满活力和好奇。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有时她的父母必须为我们翻译，因为她的手指很小，她的手势很快。A. perform表现；B. examine检查；C. act行动，表现；D. translate翻译。根据下文because her fingers are very small right now and she signs very fast及常识可知，有时候，邻居们不能明白萨曼莎的意思，需要她的父母给他们翻译一下。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于邻居们的努力，萨曼塔经常很轻松地搬到邻居家去画画和聊天。A. request要求；B. effort努力；C. treatment治疗；D. effect效果。根据上文内容可知，邻居们都在努力地帮助萨曼塔。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她感觉像在家里一样，他们还在给她签名，这太不可思议了，”Raphi Savitz说，“就像被家人包围着一样。对我女儿来说，我想不出更好的处境了。”A. interesting有趣的；B. amazing令人惊奇的；C. puzzling令人困惑的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据语境可知，此处指“这是一种令人惊异的事情”。故选B。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她感觉像在家里一样，他们还在给她签名，这太不可思议了，”Raphi Savitz说，“就像被家人包围着一样。对我女儿来说，我想不出更好的处境了。”A. situation处境；B. coach教练；C. contribution奉献；D. purpose目的。根据语境可知，此处指“我想不出更好的处境了”。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们真的很享受一起学习手语的整个过程。A. construction建设；B. progress进步；C. reward奖励；D. process过程。根据上文Learning ASL ____11____ time.可知，学习美国手语需要时间，大家很享受这个一起学习的过程。故选D。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我们的社区成为一个更亲密的地方了。A. closer更亲密的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. quieter更安静的；D. wider更宽的。根据语境可知，McNeil的邻居们都很尽力地帮助他们一家人，这使得这个社区里的人们之间的关系更加亲密了。故选A。
（2020届江西省南昌市高三二模）
Curtis Whitson, a regular rafter(漂流者), was trapped at the top of a waterfall with his son, Hunter.
This year, 21 snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something 22 . Telling from the increasing sound of water, Whitson knew there was no way to go down the rocks as 23 .
They had no cell service, and they hadn't seen a 24 person in the past three days. As Whitson was thinking about what to do, he heard 25 coming from the other side of the waterfall. He 26 , but the sound of the rushing water 27 his cry.
“We have to get these people a 28 ,” Whitson thought. Meanwhile, he grabbed his water bottle and pulled out his pocket knife to 29 “Help!” on it. Hunter found a pen and paper to write a note. Then Whitson 30 threw the bottle over the waterfall. But he 31 no response for a long time.
With no reasonable 32 that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone, they had another 33 : They spelled out SOS in white rocks. As the evening wore on, they 34 a flashing headlamp aside so that it could be seen from overhead. Soon after, they heard a 35 coming with the 36 words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been found.” After 37 the helicopter, they got the whole story that two hikers 38 the bottle and handed it to the campground.
This 39 rafting made Whitson and his son realize that with strong faith we will get a stone of 40 out of the mountain of despair(绝望).
21．A．permanent B．frozen C．heavy D．soft
22．A．fierce B．small C．unique D．splendid
23．A．tracked B．ordered C．presented D．planned
24．A．responsible B．single C．helpful D．skilled
25．A．news B．sigh C．voices D．advice
26．A．complained B．cheered C．struggled D．yelled
27．A．stopped B．covered C．strengthened D．answered
28．A．call B．notice C．message D．warning
29．A．strike B．carve C．sign D．form
30．A．perfectly B．quietly C．casually D．repeatedly
31．A．received B．showed C．made D．required
32．A．decision B．arrangement C．choice D．expectation
33．A．throw B．trouble C．tool D．try
34．A．placed B．pushed C．deserted D．dropped
35．A．car B．helicopter C．person D．ship
36．A．crazy B．grateful C．magic D．gentle
37．A．searching B．spotting C．following D．boarding
38．A．glanced at B．picked up C．looked for D．dug out
39．A．unusual B．exciting C．normal D．pleasant
40．A．success B．scare C．hope D．misfortune
【答案】
21．C
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．A
32．D
33．D
34．A
35．B
36．C
37．D
38．B
39．A
40．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Curtis Whitson和儿子Hunter漂流时被困在了瀑布的顶部，他们巧妙地用求救瓶向外界发出了求救信号，从而得救的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年，由于大雪和春雨，原本可以应付的瀑布变得更加凶猛。A. permanent永久的；B. frozen冻结的；C. heavy沉重的；D. soft柔软的。结合后文Whitson一家被围困在瀑布可知今年的大雪和春雨导致瀑布水量增多，变得湍急。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年，由于大雪和春雨，原本可以应付的瀑布变得更加凶猛。A. fierce凶猛的；B. small小的；C. unique独特的；D. splendid辉煌的。根据后文Telling from the increasing sound of water可知瀑布水量增多，变得凶猛湍急。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从越来越大的水声中，Whitson知道没有办法按计划走下岩石了。A. tracked跟踪；B. ordered命令；C. presented提出；D. planned计划。结合上文Whitson knew there was no way to go down the rocks as可知Whitson知道没有办法按计划走下岩石了。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的手机没有信号，而且在过去的三天里他们一个人也没见过。A. responsible负责的；B. single单一的；C. helpful有益的；D. skilled熟练的。Whitson和儿子被困在瀑布顶部，他们手机没有信号，也没有看到一个人。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当Whitson想着该怎么办时，他听到瀑布的另一边传来了说话声。A. news新闻；B. sigh叹气；C. voices声音；D. advice建议。根据下文We have to get these people 可知瀑布的另一边传来了人的说话声。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喊道，但是激流的流水声掩盖了他的喊声。A. complained诉苦；B. cheered欢呼；C. struggled挣扎；D. yelled叫喊。结合上文可知瀑布涨水，因此声音很大，Whitson要靠叫喊来引起那边的人注意。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喊道，但是激流的流水声掩盖了他的喊声。A. stopped停止；B. covered覆盖；C. strengthened加强；D. answered回答。结合后文his cry可知激流的流水声掩盖了他的喊声。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们必须给这些人发出一条信息，”Whitson想。A. call电话；B. notice通知；C. message消息；D. warning警告。另一边的人听不到Whitson的叫喊，因此Whitson想到要在水壶上刻字来给他们传递信息。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他抓起水壶，掏出小刀，刻下了“救命!”。A. strike罢工；B. carve雕刻；C. sign签名；D. form表格。根据上文his pocket knife to可知他抓起水壶，掏出小刀，刻下了“救命!”。故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后Whitson完美地把瓶子扔到了瀑布上。A. perfectly完美地；B. quietly安静地；C. casually随便地；D. repeatedly重复地。结合后文两个徒步旅行者捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地可知，Whitson完美地把瓶子扔到了瀑布上。最终获救了。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是很长一段时间他没有收到任何回复。A. received收到；B. showed展示；C. made制作；D. required需要。结合后文no response for a long time可知他没有收到任何回复。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根本没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人，于是他们又试了一次:用白色的石头拼出SOS。A. decision决定；B. arrangement安排；C. choice选择；D. expectation期待。结合后文that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone可知Whitson把水壶丢进瀑布希望另一边的人看到的做法非常不可靠，因此他们也没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根本没有理由期待瓶子里的信息会传递给任何人，于是他们又试了一次:用白色的石头拼出SOS。A. throw投掷；B. trouble麻烦；C. tool工具；D. try尝试。根据后文They spelled out SOS in white rocks.可知水壶刻字的办法没有奏效，他们又进行了一次呼救尝试。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕的降临，他们把一盏闪烁的头灯放在一边，以便从头顶上看清楚。A. placed放置；B. pushed推；C. deserted遗弃；D. dropped落下。根据后文a flashing headlamp aside可知他们把一盏闪烁的头灯放在一边。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，他们就听到有直升机带着神奇的话语飞来，“这里是搜救队。你们已经被发现了。”A. car汽车；B. helicopter直升机；C. person人；D. ship船。根据后文the helicopter可知他们听到直升机来了。故选B。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，他们就听到有直升机带着神奇的话语飞来，“这里是搜救队。你们已经被发现了。”A. crazy疯狂的；B. grateful感谢的；C. magic神奇的；D. gentle温和的。本来Whitson并没有指望其他人能捡到水壶来救自己，但是结果直升机真的来了，因此此处是指直升机带着神奇的话语飞来。故选C。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：登上直升飞机后，他们知道了整个事情的经过，两个徒步旅行者捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。A. searching搜寻；B. spotting发现；C. following跟随；D. boarding登机。根据后文the helicopter可知他们登上了直升飞机。故选D。
38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：登上直升飞机后，他们知道了整个事情的经过，两个徒步旅行者捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。A. glanced at瞥见；B. picked up捡起；C. looked for寻找；D. dug out挖出。根据后文the bottle and handed it to the campground.可知是两个徒步旅行者捡起瓶子并把它交给了营地。故选B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次不同寻常的漂流让Whitson和他的儿子意识到，只要有坚定的信念，我们就能从绝望之山中找到希望之石。A. unusual不寻常的；B. exciting激动的；C. normal正常的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。这次瀑布被困的经历对Whitson他们来说是不同寻常的。故选A。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次不同寻常的漂流让Whitson和他的儿子意识到，只要有坚定的信念，我们就能从绝望之山中找到希望之石。A. success成功；B. scare恐惧；C. hope希望；D. misfortune不幸。结合Whitson他们的经历可知，他们虽然被困，但是没有放弃求生的希望，才最终获救的。故此处指从绝望之山中找到希望之石。故选C。
（2020届辽宁省大连市高三第二次模拟）
The moment when a mother sees her newborn baby for the first time is a joyous. special occasion. 21 , sometimes there are cases where that special moment is followed by 22 and pain. As a volunteer for Operation Smile. I have experienced the joy and the 23 that comes with this type of work.
Whanda’s story is one that 24 with this kind of doubt and fear. After almost 30 hours of labor, 28-year-old Whanda passed out while giving birth to her first and only daughter, Yuleyssy. When she 25 Whanda took one look at her husband's face and knew that something was 26 .
The couple left the hospital 27 and confused, but certain that they would love and care for this baby no matter what happened. “I saw the people 28 at my baby. I knew then that I needed to love her enough 29 no one else would love her other than me and my 30 .
Many mothers of children born with cleft lip (兔唇) 31 the same fear and uncertainty as Whanda every day. Every three minutes, a child 32 in the world is born with a cleft. But thanks to the 33 of Operation Smile medical volunteers, there are thousands of children who receive the 34 of a smile every year. Operation Smile works in more than 60 countries to 35 free, safe reconstructive surgery for children and young adults born with cleft lip. It is able to 36 waiting children who have otherwise lost 37 .
Thanks in part to Operation Smile, Yuleyssy’s story has a happy 38 . When little Yuleyssy was 39
into her mother's arms in the recovery room, Whanda recalls her tears of 40 . “It was happy crying. She was beautiful.”
21．A．Anyhow B．However C．Therefore D．Besides
22．A．uncertainty B．friction C．caution D．departure
23．A．anger B．shame C．heartbreak D．embarrassment
24．A．sticks B．begins C．agrees D．lives
25．A．held on B．stood out C．pulled over D．came to
26．A．pitiful B．amusing C．wrong D．hopeful
27．A．bored B．satisfied C．delightful D．scared
28．A．stare B．guess C．rush D．tear
29．A．unless B．because C．until D．as if
30．A．nature B．heart C．care D．husband
31．A．overcome B．change C．experience D．confirm
32．A．somewhere B．also C．even D．still
33．A．studies B．efforts C．profits D．remarks
34．A．award B．praise C．invitation D．gift
35．A．collect B．distribute C．provide D．accumulate
36．A．cure B．avoid C．comfort D．encourage
37．A．face B．respect C．weight D．hope
38．A．hour B．ending C．future D．chance
39．A．thrown B．turned C．placed D．folded
40．A．joy B．love C．kindness D．peace
【答案】
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
26．C
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．D
31．C
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．C
36．A
37．D
38．B
39．C
40．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了28岁的Whanda生下了自己的女儿，却发现孩子天生兔唇，万幸得到一个名为“微笑行动”的志愿者组织援助，提供免费手术将其治愈这样一个感人的故事。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时候会出现在这些特别的时刻之后的却是未知和痛苦。A. Anyhow无论如何；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides除此之外。前句指出母亲第一次见到新生儿是幸福的时刻，而这句转而表述分娩后的负面因素，存在转折关系，要用表转折的连词。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时候会出现在这些特别的时刻之后的却是未知。A. uncertainty不确定；B. friction摩擦；C. caution谨慎；D. departure离开，出发。这里与pain并列，都表示分娩可能带来的不良结果，uncertainty一词在后文中也有出现。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我就体验过伴随这种工作而来的喜悦和心碎。A. anger怒火；B. shame羞愧；C. heartbreak心碎；D. embarrassment尴尬。这里与上文的uncertainty和pain对应，就指新生儿可能出现一些让父母很难过的情况。故选C项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Whanda的故事就是从这种怀疑和恐惧中开始的。A. sticks粘住；B. begins开始；C. agrees同意；D. lives居住，生活。这里作为故事叙述的开头，要用begin with表示“开始于……”。故选B项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她醒来时，Whanda看了一眼丈夫，知道有事儿发生了。A. held on坚持住；B. stood out站出来；C. pulled over靠边停车；D. came to前来。前文提到Whanda在分娩时失去知觉了，所以这里用come to表示“醒来，苏醒”。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她醒来时，Whanda看了一眼丈夫的脸，知道有事儿发生了。A. pitiful遗憾的；B. amusing好玩的；C. wrong错误的；D. hopeful有希望的。something is/was wrong意为“不对劲，出问题”，指Whanda从丈夫的神情中看出来出现了状况。故选C项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻害怕而迷惑地离开了医院。A. bored无聊的；B. satisfied满足的；C. delightful愉悦的；D. scared害怕的。与下文的fear和uncertainty对应，Whanda的孩子天生兔唇，这让他们感到担忧和害怕。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到人们盯着我的孩子看。A. stare盯着；B. guess猜测；C. rush冲进；D. tear撕掉，扯下。 根据I knew then that I needed to love her enough　29　 no one else would love her other than me and my 30.可知人们在盯着Whanda的孩子看，使得Whanda更坚定了好好爱这个孩子的信念。故选A项。
29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我知道我必须足够爱她，因为除了我和我丈夫，没有人会爱她。A. unless除非；B. because因为；C. until直到；D. as if好像。分析句子可知，这里需要用表因果关系的连词，解释夫妻俩给予孩子足够爱护的原因。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我必须足够爱她，因为除了我和我丈夫，没有人会爱她。A. nature自然；B. heart心脏；C. care关心；D. husband丈夫。这里当然指孩子的父母爱这个孩子，也就是Whanda和她的丈夫。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多有兔唇孩子的母亲，每天都经历着和Whanda一样的恐惧和不确定。A. overcome克服；B. change改变；C. experience经历；D. confirm确认。根据Whanda的感受来看，为了孩子，每天都在经受着对未知的担忧和恐惧。故选C项。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每三分钟，世界上某个地方就有一个带有兔唇的新生儿出生。A. somewhere某地；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。这里要用somewhere in the world表示“世界上某地”，以说明兔唇在新生儿中的高发率。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，多亏了来自“微笑行动”的医疗志愿者的努力，每年有成千儿童收到微笑作为礼物。A. studies研究；B. efforts努力；C. profits收益；D. remarks评论。这里就指“微笑行动”的志愿者们为了广大兔唇患儿付出的努力，让他们得到救治。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. award奖励；B. praise赞扬；C. invitation邀请；D. gift礼物，天赋。下文指出“微笑行动”会为兔唇患儿提供免费手术，无异于是馈赠的礼物。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“微笑行动”在超过60个国家为罹患兔唇的孩子和年轻人提供免费安全的修复手术。A. collect收集；B. distribute分配；C. provide提供；D. accumulate积累。分析句意可知，这里就指该公益组织向兔唇患儿们提供免费手术。故选C项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这能够治愈那些等待治疗的孩子们，否则他们就得失去希望。A. cure治愈；B. avoid避免；C. comfort安慰；D. encourage鼓励。这里it指代前文中的surgery手术，也就是能通过手术来治愈患儿们。故选A项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这能够治愈那些等待治疗的孩子们，否则他们就得失去希望。A. face脸；B. respect尊重；C. weight重量；D. hope希望。这里在otherwise“否则”之后，表示如果没有人来为患儿们做手术，就会失去治愈兔唇的希望。故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Yuleyssy的故事有了一个圆满结局。A. hour小时；B. ending结尾，结局；C. future未来；D. chance机会。有了“微笑行动”的帮助，Whanda的孩子Yuleyssy的兔唇就能得到治疗，这当然是个圆满结局。故选B项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小Yuleyssy被放到她妈妈的怀里时，Whanda流下了幸福的泪水。A. thrown扔；B. turned转变；C. placed放置；D. folded折叠。这里指医院人员将Whanda的孩子交给、放入她的怀中，要用place表示“放置，安放”。故选C项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当小Yuleyssy被放到她妈妈的怀里时，Whanda流下了幸福的泪水。A. joy欢乐，快乐；B. love爱；C. kindness善良；D. peace和平。孩子最终得到救治，重获健康，作为母亲的Whanda一定是感到欣喜的。故选A项。
（2020届山西省晋中市高三一模）
"If you could have any three things, what would you want?"Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking that question. She asks it at 21 homes in Harrison, Arkansas. Even more amazingly, helping the residents(居民) to realize to realize 22 has become her hobby.
Ruby Kate has long been 23 to older folks because her mother, Amanda Chitsey, often takes her o work at nursing homes in northwest Arkansas, Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl 24 out of a window. She seemed 25 , watching her dog being led away by his new 26 .
Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and 27 the nursing home forbade residents to have dogs and Pearl couldn't 28 to pay anyone to look after hers. The Chitseys also found many residents there can't cover even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate 29 to take action.
She started by asking residents what three 30 they wanted most. Using their own 31 ,the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Then they began seeking 32 from the public.
The good people of Harrison responded 33 , so much so that Amanda 34 a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby 's Residents, hoping to 35 $5,000. They hit their goal in a month. After GoFundMe 36 Ruby Kate's story internationally this past January, funds were raised 37 and in quantity.
Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop the 38 of kindness there. Earlier this year, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents became a nonprofit and 39 its first nationwide branches. "I consider 40 to be my bobby, "she says, "and I'm very good at it.〞
21．A．boarding B．hosting C．nursing D．retiring
22．A．hobbies B．wishes C．prayers D．interests
23．A．friendly B．important C．unique D．close
24．A．staring B．glaring C．knocking D．jumping
25．A．sad B．angry C．awkward D．thankful
26．A．trainer B．owner C．companion D．doctor
27．A．announced B．understood C．discovered D．felt
28．A．help B．offer C．prefer D．afford
29．A．continue B．decided C．promised D．called
30．A．things B．goals C．destinations D．plans
31．A．money B．happiness C．health D．energy
32．A．suggestions B．approaches C．donations D．efforts
33．A．obviously B．enthusiastically C．deliberately D．typically
34．A．pick up B．set off C．take on D．set up
35．A．contribute B．consume C．cover D．collect
36．A．promoted B．imagined C．invented D．checked
37．A．finally B．equally C．normally D．quickly
38．A．theory B．quality C．act D．feeling
39．A．declined B．started C．sought D．noticed
40．A．confidence B．bravery C．kindness D．success
【答案】
21．C
22．B
23．D
24．A
25．A
26．B
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．A
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
35．D
36．A
37．D
38．C
39．B
40．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ruby帮助养老院的居民实现愿望，并且在GoFundMe网站上发起了名为“三个愿望”的募捐活动后得到了GoFundMe的推广，很快募捐到了很多善款。同时Rubybiaosh表示要将此慈善行动将一直持续下去，并建立了“三个愿望的”第一个分支机构。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意: Ruby向位于阿肯色州哈里森地区的一个养老院里的居民询问问题。A. boarding寄宿；B. hosting主人；C. nursing护理；D. retiring退休的。根据第二段“… because her mother, Amanda Chitsey, often takes her work at nursing homes in northwest Arkansas.因为她妈妈总是带着她Arkansas西北部的养老院工作。”，可知Ruby的妈妈是养老院里的护工。结合语境推出Ruby是在养老院询问问题的。故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，帮助养老院的居民实现愿望成为了她的爱好。A. hobbies爱好；B. wishes愿望；C. prayers祷告；D. interests兴趣。根据第一句“If you could have any three things, what would you want?如有你能有三样东西，你想要什么？”可知她想要知道居民们的愿望，然后帮助他们实现。故选B项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ruby长期以来一直和年长的人保持亲密关系。A. friendly友好的；B. important重要的；C. unique唯一的；D. close亲近的。根据下一句可知她的妈妈经常带她去工作，推出她和那的老人关系亲近，而close to译为“亲近的”，故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ruby注意到其中一个叫Pearl的居民凝视着窗外。A. staring凝视、注视；B. glaring怒目而视；C. knocking 敲、击；D. jumping跳。Stare out译为“盯着”，为固定搭配。故选A项。
25．考查形容词词性辨析。句意：她看起来似乎很悲伤，看着她的狗正在被新主人领走。A. sad悲伤的；B. angry生气；C. awkward令人尴尬的；D. thankful感激。根据句意，可知她的狗被人领走了，她的心情是悲伤的。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看起来似乎很悲伤，看着她的狗正在被新主人领走。A. trainer教练；B. owner主人；C. companion抱怨；D. doctor医生。根据下段“Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and ___7___ the nursing home forbade residents to have dogs and Pearl couldn't ___8___ to pay anyone to look after hers. 养老院禁止养狗，而且Pearl没有能力支付他人工资来照顾小狗。”推出Pearl的小狗可能被人领养了，因此小狗有了新主人并被带走。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ruby和她妈妈向周围打听，发现养老院禁止居民养狗，并且Pearl没有能力支付任何人费用来照顾小狗。A. announced宣布；B. understood理解；C. discovered发现；D. felt感受。根据下文“The Chitseys also found many residents t…”可知Ruby和她妈妈发现了这些问题，故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ruby和她妈妈问了一圈，发现养老院禁止居民养狗，并且Pearl没有能力支付任何人费用来照顾小狗。A. help帮助；B. offer提供帮助；C. prefer更喜欢；D. afford支付。afford to译为“负担得起”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此Ruby决定采取行动。A. continue继续；B. decided决定；C. promised允许；D. called称为。根据下文“She started by asking residents …他开始询问居民.”可知因为她决定采取行动，才会有接下来的询问问题的行为发生。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始询问居民，他们最想要的三样东西是什么。A. things物品；B. goals目标；C. destinations目的地；D. plans计划。根据文章第一句话“If you could have any three things, what would you want?”结合上下文语境可知，此处是询问居民想要的三样东西。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：用他们自己的钱，Chitseys一家承诺会在三个月内帮助100个居民实行愿望。A. money钱；B. happiness幸福；C. health健康；D. energy能量。根据下句“Then they began seeking ___12___ from the public.随后他们开始向公众寻求募捐。”可知，他们之前是用自己的钱来帮助那些居民的。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后，他们开始向公众寻求募捐。A. suggestions 建议；B. approaches方法；C. donations捐款；D. efforts努力。结合下文“hoping to ___15___ $5,000.希望筹款5000美元”，可知Ruby向公众募捐。故选C项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：好心人Harrison热情的响应，因此Amanda在GoFundMe创建了网页“三个愿望”，希望筹款5000美元。A. obviously显而易见地；B. enthusiastically热情地；C. deliberately故意地；D. typically典型地。结合句意文章对Harrison的修饰是一个好人，可知他是热情地支持这个举动的。故选B项。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：好心人Harrison热情的响应，因此Amanda在GoFundMe创建了网页“三个愿望”，希望筹款5000美元。A. pick up拾起；B. set off动身C. take on呈现；D. set up创建。结合语境可知Amanda是在GoFundMe上创建了一个网页。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好心人Harrison热情的响应，因此Amanda在GoFundMe创建了网页“三个愿望”，希望筹款5000美元。A. contribute贡献；B. consume消耗；C. cove r遮蔽；D. collect收集。结合上文提到的Ruby一家向公众募捐，可知此处他们想要募捐筹到的金额是5000元。故选D项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年一月，在GoFundMe向世界宣传了Ruby Kate的故事之后，募捐款筹集迅速，数量可观。A. promoted推动、促进；B. imagined想象；C. invented发明；D. checked核对。根据句意可知，GoFundMe网站把Ruby Kate的故事推广到全球。故选A项。
37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：去年一月，在GoFundMe向世界宣传了Ruby Kate的故事之后，募捐款筹集迅速，数量可观。A.finally最后；B.equally平等地；C.normally正常地；D.quickly快速地。结合上下文语境可知，这件事情引起了全世界的关注，推出募捐款筹集速度会很快。故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ruby没有计划停止慈善行动。A. theory理论；B. quality质量；C. act行为；D. feeling感受。结合上下文语境可知，Ruby把她的慈善之举付诸于行动的。故选C项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents”变成了一个公益机构，并且建立了第一个国内分支。A. declined下降；B. started创建；C. sought寻找；D. noticed关注。结合句意可知第一个分支机构建成。故选B项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为善良是我的爱好。A. confidence信心；B. bravery勇气；C. kindness仁慈，善良；D. success成功。结合课文第一段最后一句“helping the residents(居民) to realize ___2___ has become her hobby.”可知Ruby是善良的，并且她把仁慈当作她的爱好。故选C项。
（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）
My past has caught up with me. It happened five years back when a new friend 21 my digital neighborhood. She knew me in my other 22 before my career in television. And did this young woman have a long 23 .
“Hello, Mrs. Luginbill,” said the Facebook, which immediately caught my 24 since I'm Lucy to everyone nowadays. “That's 25 I remember you as a kid from Southgate Elementary,” Jennifer said, using the 26 greeting. “I think I was in first grade.”
Suddenly, as if it were yesterday, I saw the little group of girls gathering around me. I was the “Duty” on playground, the 27 who kept order with a whistle when I wasn't 28 in the classroom. It wasn't a 29 job, standing in the cold winter during break, but it 30 “pocket money” to help after our move from California. A warm coat had been a “must have” 31 when our finances were 32 And in those years, the east side of Washington state saw some of the 33 winters.
Jennifer, the little girl has grown up. She remembered the wild weather — and my coat, too. “It was furry, and the coat almost 34 a happy life we might long for. You were our chosen movie star.” Funny how 35 my viewpoint was back then. I saw little children wanting 36 and hugs — and needing their exercise, too. Eventually, I would drive them away to 37 . “It is like as a kid you want to stand in someone's light — especially if you 38 them,” her Facebook message read.
It was a lesson that I have 39 close even now: What we do today — no matter what our role may be — can 40 brighten another's heart for a lifetime.
21．A．turned to B．moved into C．belonged to D．broke into
22．A．life B．event C．face D．house
23．A．rest B．history C．memory D．journey
24．A．mouth B．eyes C．nose D．ears
25．A．when B．what C．where D．how
26．A．sudden B．vivid C．honest D．formal
27．A．actress B．monitor C．official D．editor
28．A．teaching B．sweeping C．reporting D．filming
29．A．fascinating B．useful C．practical D．physical
30．A．sent B．mixed C．provided D．connected
31．A．gift B．design C．waste D．purchase
32．A．empty B．thin C．developing D．missing
33．A．coldest B．busiest C．funniest D．quietest
34．A．delivered B．grasped C．symbolized D．remained
35．A．wise B．different C．exciting D．boring
36．A．money B．delight C．warmth D．class
37．A．read B．play C．write D．listen
38．A．put up with B．make up for C．keep up with D．look up to
39．A．applied B．found C．fixed D．held
40．A．unknowingly B．obviously C．generally D．unwillingly
【答案】
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．A
30．C
31．D
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．B
36．C
37．B
38．D
39．D
40．A
【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。一个以前认识作者的人Jennifer重新联系上了作者，让作者回想起了以前在操场上执勤的经历，并领悟到今天所做的，无论我们的角色是什么，都可能在不知不觉中照亮他人一生的心灵。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这件事发生在五年前，一个新朋友搬进了我的数字社区。A. turned to求助于；B. moved into搬进，移动到；C. belonged to属于；D. broke into闯入。根据后文my digital neighborhood可知是“搬进（moved into）”数字社区。故选B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我从事电视工作之前，她就已经认识了我的另一种生活。A. life生活；B. event事件；C. face脸；D. house房子。根据后文before my career in television可知这个新朋友知道作者从事电视工作之前的生活。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而这个年轻的女人记性很好。A. rest休息；B. history历史；C. memory记忆；D. journey旅途。结合上文可知Jennifer一直记得作者，到现在还没有忘记，说明Jennifer的记性很好。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你好，Luginbill太太，”Facebook上的留言立刻引起了我的注意，因为现在大家都知道我是Lucy。A. mouth嘴巴；B. eyes眼睛；C. nose鼻子；D. ears耳朵。对方称呼作者以前的称呼，这引起了作者的注意。短语catch one’s eyes“引起某人注意”。故选B。
25．考查连接词辨析。句意：“当我是Southgate小学的孩子时，我就记得你。” Jennifer用正式问候语说道。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语故应用how。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当我是Southgate小学的孩子时，我就记得你。” Jennifer用正式问候语说道。A. sudden突然的；B. vivid生动的；C. honest诚实的；D. formal正式的。结合后文greeting可知Jennifer开始正式和作者打招呼，故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是操场上的“执勤员”，是不在教室里讲课时用哨子维持秩序的官员。A. actress女演员；B. monitor监控；C. official官员；D. editor编辑。根据上文I was the "Duty” on playground可知作者当时是在操场上执勤的官员。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是操场上的“执勤员”，是不在教室里讲课时用哨子维持秩序的官员。A. teaching讲课，教；B. sweeping扫除；C. reporting报告；D. filming拍摄。结合上文I was the "Duty” on playground可知作者当时的职责是不在教室里讲课时，要在操场上用哨子维持秩序。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷的冬天休息的时候站着，这不是一份令人着迷的工作，但它提供了“零用钱”来帮助我们从加州搬过来。A. fascinating令人着迷的；B. useful有用的；C. practical实际的；D. physical身体的。根据后文standing in the cold winter during break可知作者要在寒冷的冬天休息的时候站着，这不是一份令人着迷的工作。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷的冬天休息的时候站着，这不是一份令人着迷的工作，但它提供了“零用钱”来帮助我们从加州搬过来。A. sent寄出；B. mixed混合；C. provided提供；D. connected连接。根据后文"pocket money" to help after our move from California.可知这份工作给作者提供了钱，帮助作者他们从加州搬过来。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们经济拮据的时候，一件暖和的外套是“必须”购买的。A. gift礼物；B. design设计；C. waste浪费；D. purchase购买。结合上文可知作者要在寒冷的冬天站在外面，因此一件暖和的外套是“必须”购买（purchase）的。故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们经济拮据的时候，一件暖和的外套是“必须”购买的。A. empty空的；B. thin拮据的，瘦的；C. developing发展中的；D. missing失踪的。结合上文作者要靠在操场上执勤来挣钱，说明他们经济很拮据，thin此处修饰finance表示“拮据的”。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那些年里，华盛顿州东部经历了一些最寒冷的冬天。A. coldest最冷的；B. busiest最忙的；C. funniest最有趣的；D. quietest最安静的。根据后文winters可知是指经历了一些最寒冷的冬天。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它毛茸茸的，几乎象征着我们渴望的幸福生活。A. delivered递送；B. grasped抓牢；C. symbolized象征；D. remained提醒。根据后文a happy life we might long for可知皮外套象征着作者他们当时渴望的幸福生活。故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，当时我的观点是如此的不同。A. wise明智的；B. different不同的；C. exciting激动的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文my viewpoint was back then.可推知作者如今想起来，觉得自己当时的观点是如此的不同。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到小孩子们想要温暖和拥抱，也需要锻炼。A. money钱；B. delight高兴；C. warmth温暖；D. class班级。根据后文and hugs可知小孩子想要温暖（warmth）和拥抱。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我会把他们赶走去玩。A. read阅读；B. play玩耍；C. write写；D. listen听。根据上文and needing their exercise, too.可知作者觉得孩子需要锻炼，因此把他们赶去玩耍。故选B。
38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在Facebook上写道:“就像小时候你想站在别人的光辉下——尤其是当你尊敬他们的时候。”A. put up with忍受；B. make up for补偿；C. keep up with赶得上；D. look up to尊敬。结合最后一段中brighten another's heart for a lifetime可知小时候你想要站在别人的光辉下，尤其是当你很尊敬这个人的时候。其它选项均不符合语境。故选D。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我至今仍保留的一个经验教训：我们今天所做的，无论我们的角色是什么，都可能在不知不觉中照亮他人一生的心灵。A. applied应用；B. found找到；C. fixed修理；D. held保留，抓住。结合后文close even now可知作者至今内心仍然保留（held）着这个经验教训。故选D。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我至今仍保留的一个经验教训：我们今天所做的，无论我们的角色是什么，都可能在不知不觉中照亮他人一生的心灵。A. unknowingly不知不觉地；B. obviously明显地；C. generally通常；D. unwillingly不情愿地。结合文章内容可知对方过去了这么久仍然还记得作者，说明过去作者在不知不觉中照亮了对方一生的心灵。故选A。
（2020届山西省运城市高三调研）
What I Regret
At lunchtime, Jimmy, Patrick, Devon, and I began our regular routine of our lunches. I glanced across the busy cafeteria and saw the 21 student, Joel. He was holding his plate and waiting in lines.
Patrick 22 him too. “Why’s the new kid dressed like the headmaster?” he asked. Devon and Jimmy laughed.
“Joel’s cool. He’s in my English and history classes,” I said. However, I kept the 23 that Joel and I had become friends when we worked on a project together. We 24 that we were both enthusiastic readers — something I would never admit to Patrick, Jimmy, and Devon.
I saw that Joel was 25 toward us. “Don’t do it,” I thought, but in seconds he was at our table. My friends raised their eyebrows. Jimmy, Devon and Patrick piled their backpacks on the table and chairs so that there was no 26 left for another person to sit down. Patrick said, “I don’t think we have room.”
This 27 situation froze the air. I could 28 Joel looking at me, but I stared at my 29 as if it contained precious pearls of wisdom instead of rice and beans. After a long, uncomfortable pause, Joel 30 . I 31 have spoken up for him, but I couldn’t walk away from my three friends, could I?
Joel didn’t speak to me after that 32 He was soon 33 around with another group of kids. A few months later, I saw an announcement about Joel being chosen to be president of the class book club. I was 34 for Joel’s achievements, but I realized I had made a big mistake 35 I said nothing at the lunch table that day. Why was I so 36 that my friends might find out that I like to read?
As I stared at the announcement, I knew I needed to 37 to Joel even if he did not want to become my friend again. I was certain that my three friends would not 38 . I was also certain that I 39 losing them as well. However, I knew that I would lose myself if I did nothing.
As the dismissal bell rang, I gathered up my books, took (a) deep 40 , and went to find Joel.
21．A．good B．new C．lucky D．top
22．A．noticed B．helped C．examined D．called
23．A．words B．ideas C．truth D．promise
24．A．forgot B．argued C．discussed D．discovered
25．A．nodding B．flying C．walking D．driving
26．A．book B．food C．time D．space
27．A．awkward B．dangerous C．pleasant D．comfortable
28．A．taste B．smell C．hear D．feel
29．A．face B．lunch C．backpack D．table
30．A．left B．laughed C．started D．stopped
31．A．need B．should C．would D．must
32．A．greeting B．change C．meeting D．lesson
33．A．turning B．looking C．showing D．hanging
34．A．happy B．sorry C．thankful D．anxious
35．A．if B．until C．when D．where
36．A．confused B．surprised C．excited D．afraid
37．A．adapt B．apologize C．smile D．refer
38．A．refuse B．agree C．mind D．choose
39．A．risked B．permitted C．tried D．suggested
40．A．delight B．silence C．breath D．thought
【答案】
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．D
25．C
26．D
27．A
28．D
29．B
30．A
31．B
32．C
33．D
34．A
35．C
36．D
37．B
38．B
39．A
40．C
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了一件让他感到非常后悔的事情。作者和Joel本来是朋友，但是因为其他三个朋友的关系，一次见面时，作者没有理睬Joel。对于这件事，作者感到自己做错了，于是想向Joel道歉。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐厅，看到了新来的学生Joel。A. good好的；B. new新的；C. lucky幸运的；D. top顶端的。根据下文Patrick 的问话Why’s the new kid dressed like the headmaster?可知，Joel是新来的学生。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Patrick也注意到了他。A. noticed注意到；B. helped帮助；C. examined检查；D. called打电话。根据Patrick的问话“为什么新来的孩子穿得像校长？”可知，他注意到了Joel。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我隐瞒了一个事实，那就是我和Joel在一起做项目时成为了朋友。A. words话语；B. ideas想法；C. truth事实，实情；D. promise承诺。根据下一句“something I would never admit to Patrick, Jimmy, and Devon”可知，作者不想告诉Patrick，Jimmy和Devon这个事实。短语keep the truth“隐瞒事实”。故选C项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们发现我们都是热情的读者——这是我永远不会向Patrick，Jimmy和Devon承认的。A. forgot忘记；B. argued争论；C. discussed讨论；D. discovered发现。作者发现和Joel对阅读的共同爱好，于是成了朋友。故选D项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看见Joel正向我们走来。A. nodding点头；B. flying飞；C. walking走路；D. driving开车。根据上文Joel and I had become friends可知，Joel认识作者，因此看到作者，就向他走过来。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jimmy，Devon和Patrick把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，这样就没有地方让另一个人坐下。A. book书；B. food食物；C. time时间；D. space空间。根据下一句Patrick所说的话I don’t think we have room.可知，他们没有留出让Joel坐的空间。故选D项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种尴尬的局面使空气都凝固了。A. awkward尴尬的；B. dangerous危险的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. comfortable舒适的。Joel走过来，但是其他三个孩子不让Joel和他们坐在一起，因此场面很尴尬。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到Joel在看着我，但我盯着我的午餐，就好像里面装的是智慧的珍贵珍珠，而不是米饭和豆子。A. taste品尝；B. smell闻；C. hear听；D. feel感觉。根据后半句I stared at my 9 可知，作者没有看Joel，而是看其他的地方，因此是感觉到Joel看着他。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到Joel在看着我，但我盯着我的午餐，就好像里面装的是智慧的珍贵珍珠，而不是米饭和豆子。A. face脸；B. lunch午餐；C. backpack背包；D. table桌子。根据后面的rice and beans可知，作者是盯着自己的午餐。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一段漫长、令人不安的停留之后，Joel离开了。A. left离开；B. laughed笑；C. started开始；D. stopped停止。作者没有理睬Joel，因此Joel离开了。故选A项。
31．考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我本应该为他说话的。A. need必要；B. should应该；C. would将会；D. must必须。此处是“should have done”结构，意思为“本应该做……，但实际上没有”；作者认为自己本应该为Joel在其他三个朋友面前说好话的，但是他没有。故选B项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次见面后，Joel没再跟我说话。A. greeting问候；B. change改变；C. meeting见面；D. lesson课程，教训。那是Joel到新学校后和作者的唯一一次见面。故选C项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快就和另一群孩子一起玩了。A. turning转向；B. looking看；C. showing展示；D. hanging挂着。此处是短语hang around“闲逛，出去玩”。故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为Joel的成就感到高兴。A. happy高兴的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. thankful感激的；D. anxious焦虑。朋友被选为班级读书俱乐部主席，作者应该为他感到高兴。故选A项。
35．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：但我意识到当那天在午餐桌上我什么也没说时，我犯了一个大错误。A. if如果；B. until直到；C. when当……时候；D. where在……地方。根据句意，作者意识到那时他做错了。因此用when引导时间状语从句。故选C项。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么我如此害怕我的朋友会发现我喜欢阅读？A. confused感到困惑的；B. surprised感到惊讶的；C. excited感到激动的；D. afraid感到害怕的。根据上文we were both enthusiastic readers—something I would never admit to Patrick, Jimmy, and Devon.可知，作者不想让其他三个人知道自己热衷于阅读。但是现在作者不明白为什么要害怕让他们知道。故选D项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着这个公告时，我知道我需要向Joel道歉，即使他不想再成为我的朋友。A. adapt适应；B. apologize道歉；C. smile微笑；D. refer提及，查阅。根据上文I realized I had made a big mistake可知，作者意识到自己错了，应该向Joel道歉。故选B项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确定我的三个朋友不会同意。A. refuse拒绝；B. agree同意；C. mind介意；D. choose选择。根据上文作者的三个朋友对待Joel的态度，作者知道他们不会同意他向Joel道歉。故选B项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也确定我有冒着失去他们的风险。A. risked冒险；B. permitted允许；C. tried尝试；D. suggested建议。作者知道如果他向Joel道歉，其他三个朋友就不会和他交往，那么作者就会失去他们。故选A项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：放学铃响了，我收拾好书，深吸了一口气，去找Joel。A. delight快乐；B. silence沉默；C. breath呼吸；D. thought思考。作者还是决定向Joel道歉，因此深吸了一口气，去找Joel。故选C项。
（2020届四川省成都七中高三三诊）
Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn’t really into 21 , sports or conflict. The only 22 I enjoyed were 23 things like watching TV and playing computer games.
It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I needed a 24 . My friends were joining the long distance running club and 25 me to do it also. At my school, there were no qualification 26 ; every student was accepted.
As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice, the 27 announced it was time for “warm-up”. I imagined the warm-up would be a 28 jog around the 400-metre track. I soon 29 it was a 1-km run. After completing the run, I was 30 ! I wondered, “If that’s warm-up, what’s next?” The 31 workout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home, I really considered 32 . However, I 33 myself to keep at it and try harder.
Of course, there was no real improvement 34 . I always came in last during practice and the first few 35 . As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, I would always keep at the 36 of the group; the fastest, more 37 runners were always ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the result of my 38 , warm-up became a real warm-up. The 5-km runs transformed into an 39 day of practice. And I was no longer last in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a(n) 40 .
21．A．rules B．arts C．competition D．schoolwork
22．A．procedures B．activities C．lessons D．programs
23．A．endless B．pointless C．important D．challenging
24．A．change B．rest C．team D．result
25．A．accompanied B．assisted C．required D．invited
26．A．trials B．alternatives C．opportunities D．reasons
27．A．competitor B．coach C．reporter D．referee
28．A．hard B．boring C．practical D．casual
29．A．decided B．suspected C．realized D．agreed
30．A．sent off B．taken away C．turned down D．worn out
31．A．real B．best C．expected D．fun
32．A．complaining B．quitting C．crying D．refreshing
33．A．convinced B．taught C．sent D．helped
34．A．actually B．gradually C．separately D．instantly
35．A．performances B．presentations C．races D．steps
36．A．middle B．top C．front D．bottom
37．A．popular B．confident C．serious D．relaxed
38．A．inspiration B．determination C．loyalty D．contribution
39．A．unimaginable B．avoidable C．easy D．optional
40．A．exception B．example C．promotion D．success
【答案】
21．C
22．B
23．B
24．A
25．D
26．A
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．C
36．A
37．C
38．B
39．C
40．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了曾经喜欢看电视和玩电脑游戏的作者决心改变自己，于是参加了长跑俱乐部。并在自己不断努力和坚持的情况下，终于不再是最后一名的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不是真的喜欢比赛、运动或冲突。A. rules规则；B. arts艺术；C. competition竞争，比赛；D. schoolwork家庭作业。结合后文sports or conflict可知，作者不喜欢比赛、运动等事情。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我唯一喜欢的活动是看电视和玩电脑游戏等没有意义的事情。A. procedures程序；B. activities活动；C. lessons课程；D. programs项目。结合后文like watching TV and playing computer games可知，此处列举了作者喜欢的一些活动。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我唯一喜欢的活动是看电视和玩电脑游戏等没有意义的事情。A. endless无尽的；B. pointless无意义的；C. important重要的；D. challenging挑战的。看电视和玩电脑游戏是没有意义的事情。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我上高中三年级的时候，我意识到我需要一个改变。A. change改变；B. rest休息；C. team队；D. result结果。结合后文作者加入了长跑俱乐部，可知作者意识到自己需要一个改变。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们也加入了长跑俱乐部，并邀请我参加。A. accompanied陪伴；B. assisted援助；C. required需要；D. invited邀请。结合后文me to do it also可知，作者的朋友邀请作者参加长跑俱乐部。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的学校，没有资格考试；每个学生都被录取了。A. trials考验，尝试；B. alternatives选择；C. opportunities机会；D. reasons理由。结合后文every student was accepted.可知，参加俱乐部没有资格考验，谁都可以加入。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大家在训练的第一天聚在一起时，教练宣布是时候“热身”了。A. competitor竞争者；B. coach教练；C. reporter记者；D. referee裁判员。给作者他们进行训练的应当是教练（coach）。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我原以为热身活动会是围绕400米跑道进行的随意慢跑。A. hard努力的；B. boring无聊的；C. practical实际的；D. casual随便的。根据后文around the 400-metre track可知，作者一开始以为“热身”就只是围绕400米跑道进行的随意慢跑。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到这是一次1公里的跑步。A. decided决定；B. suspected怀疑；C. realized意识到；D. agreed同意。根据后文it was a 1-km run.可知，作者很快意识到这是一次1公里的跑步。故选C。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：跑完之后，我累坏了！A. sent off寄出；B. taken away拿走；C. turned down关小；D. worn out疲惫不堪。作者第一次参加训练就跑了一公里，因此跑完后，疲惫不堪，累坏了。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天真正的训练是5公里的跑步，我大部分时间都是步行。A. real真正的，实际的；B. best最好的；C. expected预料的；D. fun有趣的。根据后文workout for the day was a 5-km run可知，一公里只是热身，真正的训练是五公里的长跑。故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家的时候，我真的考虑过放弃。A. complaining抱怨；B. quitting放弃；C. crying哭泣；D. refreshing提神。根据后文myself to keep at it and try harder.可知，作者回到家考虑过放弃，但是又说服了自己继续坚持。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我说服自己继续努力。A. convinced说服；B. taught教授；C. sent邮寄；D. helped帮助。根据后文myself to keep at it and try harder.可知，作者回到家一开始想要放弃，但是后来又说服了自己继续努力下去。故选A。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，并没有立即出现真正的改善。A. actually实际上；B. gradually逐步地；C. separately分别地；D. instantly立即。根据后文I always came in last可知，作者的长跑并没有立即就出现进步和改善。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在练习赛和前几场比赛中，我总是最后一名。A. performances表演；B. presentations展示；C. races比赛；D. steps台阶。根据上文during practice and the first few可推知，除了练习赛还有前几场比赛中，作者总是最后一名。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在练习中，我总是保持在中间；认真严肃对待的人总是在前面，而懈怠的人总在后面。A. middle中间；B. top顶部；C. front前面；D. bottom底部。根据上下文可知，作者既不是跑在最前面的，也不是最后面的，作者在队伍的中间。短语at the middle of“在……中段”。故选A。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：认真严肃对待的人总是在前面，而懈怠的人总在后面。A. popular流行的；B. confident自信的；C. serious严肃的；D. relaxed放松的。根据下文while the laziest were behind可知，与laziest形成对比，严肃认真的人在前面，而懈怠的人总在后面。故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我的决心，热身变成了真正的热身。A. inspiration灵感；B. determination决心；C. loyalty忠诚；D. contribution贡献。根据上文As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best.可知，作者不断尽最大努力，由于作者的决心，一公里热身变成了真正的热身。故选B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：5公里跑变成了轻松的一天练习。A. unimaginable不可思议的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. easy容易的；D. optional可选择的。根据上文warm-up became a real warm-up.可知，作者有了进步，热身变成了真正的热身，5公里跑变成了轻松的一天练习。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我这样一个曾经的电视迷来说，这是一次成功。A. exception例外；B. example例子；C. promotion提升；D. success成功。根据上文And I was no longer last in anything we did.可知，作者不再是最后一名了，对于曾经是电视迷的作者来说，这是一次成功的改变。故选D。