【同步练习】译林版初三英语上册 Unit8 知识点总结和基础练习

牛津译林版九年级上册Unit8知识点总结&基础知识测试

Part1 知识点总结

一、词汇短语考点拓展

★考点1.lie&lay 区分

lie – lied – lied-lying  说谎       lie—lay – lain-lying   存在；平躺；处于

lay—laid – laid-laying  放置；下蛋；产卵

★考点2.steal &rob

①steal(stole;stolen) “偷窃”后接偷走的物品，常考搭配：steal ... from 从...偷...

Somebody just stole my phone. 有人刚才偷了我的手机。

A thief broke into the building last night and stole some money from the safe.

昨天夜里一个窃贼闯入大楼，从保险箱中偷走了一些钱。

②rob (robbed; robbed) “抢劫” “抢走”，后接遭受抢劫的受害者或bank/house/building等地点

常考搭配：rob sb.of+物品 / rob the bank  词形：robber 抢劫犯

Two thieves attacked him last night and robbed him of all his money. 昨天夜里两个窃贼袭击了他，抢走了他全部的钱。

The police have caught the men who robbed the bank.警擦已经抓住抢劫银行的那伙人。　

★考点3.police 警察（集合名词，单数形式复数意义，作主语，谓语用复数）

The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies.

【词形拓展】policeman 男警察（复数）policemen 

policewoman  女警察（复数）policewomen  

【易混拓展】集合名词people，police一般看作复数意义，其谓语动词用复数。另外一些集合名词family，class等作主语时，谓语动词是用单数还是复数，要根据这些词在句中的实际含义而定。当他们表示的是整体意义时，谓语用单数；当他们强调个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。

My family is big. (强调整体）

My family are watching TV.（强调个体成员）

★考点4.a thin short man 一个瘦瘦的矮个子男人

多个形容词修饰名词排序问题：

【口诀】美小圆旧黄，法国木书房

a fat tall American boy   

a beautiful old black French wooden chair

★考点5.six feet tall   6英尺高

【拓展】长、宽、高、深表达方式：

结构1：基数词 + 单位名词+ 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep等）

如果数词超过1，单位名词要用复数形式。

【注】单位词有： meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等

结构2：“基数词+ 单位名词+ in + 名词（length; width; height; depth等）

【拓展】 adj → n  deep →  depth   long → length    high→ height   wide →width

two meters long = two meters in length 2米长

结构3： 长、宽、高、深还可用复合形容词表示

“数字+ 量词（单位）+形容词（long/ wide/ tall/ deep等）” .

各个词间用连字符连接，常作前置定语修饰名词。

Jeremy is a 1.91-meter-tall basketball player.

★考点6.lead  v.带领 n.领先地位；榜样

【词形拓展】leader 领导    leading 主要的；首位的

【句型/短语】

lead to 导致......， 通向......    All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

lead sb. to do sth 带领某人做某事

The teachers lead us to study hard. 老师引导我们努力学习。

lead sb. to +地点 把某人领到某地

take the lead 处于领先地位

★考点7.turn短语总结

turn to 转向；求助于

turn on 打开

turn off 关掉

turn out 结果是

turn up 调高（声音）

turn over 翻身；翻转

turn down 调低（声音）;拒绝

turn around 转身

★考点8.crime   n.犯罪活动；不法行为

the fight against crime  与犯罪活动的斗争

He turned to crime when he dropped out of school. 他辍学后沦为罪犯。

【词形拓展】criminal 

①adj.犯罪的；犯法的；涉及犯罪的

He may still face criminal charges. 他也许仍旧要面对刑事指控。

②criminal  n.罪犯

In most people's eyes she was nothing more than a common criminal. 

在多数人的眼里她只不过是个普通的罪犯。

★考点9.hurt&injure&damage&wound区别

①hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可精神上，感情上的伤害。

The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司机在那次事故中伤得很重。

②injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的损失。

A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。

③damage主要指对于物的损害，强调对于价值，用途，外观等所造成的损失，这种损失或因自然灾害所致，或因人为造成。

He damaged my car with a stone.他用石头砸坏了我的汽车。

④wound指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤

The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。

★考点10.charge 

①v. 控告；起诉

He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯犯谋杀罪。 

②v. 收（费）；（向…）要价

What did they charge for the repairs? 他们收了多少修理费？

③v. 把…记在账上；在某人账上记入

Don't worry. I'll charge it by credit card. 别担心，我会用信用卡付款的。

④v.充电

You have to charge it often. 你必须经常给它充电。

【短语拓展】 in charge of 掌管；管理    in the charge of  由...掌管；被...管理

be charged with 被指控

二、短语句型总结

1.break into 强行闯入

2.turn out 原来是，结果是

3.have nothing to do with 与...无关

4.in a hurry 急忙，赶快

5.in prison 坐牢

6.guard against sth 防范，提防（某事）

7.get along/on with 与...和睦相处

8.look for clues 寻找线索

9.much more serious 更严肃；更认真

10.make notes on ... 做关于...的笔记

11.of medium height 中等身高

12.tell the truth 说实话

13.be last seen 最后一次被看见

14.see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事。

（全过程）

15. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。（正在进行）

16.take place 发生

17.at the scene of the crime 在案发现场

18.find out 查出；查明

19.somewhere else 其他地方

20.be wounded with a knife 被用刀伤害

21.bleed to death 流血至死

22.as a result 结果

23.solve the case 破案

24. a well-paid job 一份高薪工作

25.according to 根据

26.in the past 在过去

27.be charged with 被指控

28.over the last year 在过去一年

29.so far 到目前为止

30.breath heavily 呼吸沉重；气喘吁吁

31.at the time of the crime 在案发时间

32.offer a reward of+钱 

提供...（钱）作为奖励

33.lead to 导致；通向

34.contact the police 联系警察

35.What do you think of /about...? 你认为...怎么样？

36.have nothing to do with this case

与此案无关

37.no criminal record 没有犯罪记录

38.safety tips 安全提示

39.protect ...against 保护...免受...

40.remember to do sth. 记得去做某事。（未做）

41. remember doing sth.记得做过某事。（已做）

42.six feet tall 6英尺高

43.in the prime of life  正值壮年

44.under arrest for murder 由于谋杀被捕

三、语法总结：定语从句

（一）什么是定语？

定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。He is a good student.

（二）定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

上面句中的man是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)

关系副词where, when，why

关系词常有三个作用：1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分

※（三）关系代词总结

指人，作主语--- who/ that       指人，作宾语--- whom/ who/ that/省略（/）

指物，作主语--- which/ that     指物，作宾语--- which/ that / 省略（/）

（四）定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使用which的情况主要有：

1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:all ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything等

2.当先行词被不定代词little,  few, no, any等或被 the only, the very, the same等修饰时

3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时4.先行词既有人又有物时

5.在疑问词which开头的句子中

（五）定语从句中只能使用关系词which不用that的情况

1.介词+which      This is the pencil with which I draw many great pictures.

2.非限制性定语从句（主句和从句用逗号隔开）

The meeting,which was held in our school,was a great success.

Part2 基础知识检测

一、单项选择

1．—In his livestreams, Liu Genghong appears energetic, friendly and super fit.

—Yes, he dances to up-beat songs while explaining and _____ his moves.

A．breaking out B．breaking down C．breaking through D．breaking into

2．To find out the __________, the reporter used to work in the restaurant.

A．event B．situation C．truth D．comment

3．—Beijing is such a beautiful city. What about _________ here for another two days?

—Good idea! And then we can visit some other places of interest.

A．staying B．lying C．reaching D．leaving

4．For your own ________, please don’t smoke on the plane.

A．feelings B．safety C．health D．pleasure

5．—Why are you so angry?

—My daughter ________ to me that she ________ the money on the desk, but in fact she spent it on ice-cream.

A．lied; lay B．lied; laid C．lay; laid D．laid; lay

6．Pay attention to the students ________ laugh at you.

A．who B．whom C．which D．whose

7．He spoke so fast that he was ________.

A．out of breathe B．breathe heavily

C．out of breath D．breath heavily

8．—Jack, you seem to be ________.

—Yes. It’s 8:20 now and my train leaves in ten minutes.

A．in safety B．in fear C．in a hurry D．in silence

9．That’s the only thing _______ I can do now.

A．what B．which C．what D．that

10．The policeman is offering a ________ to anyone who can give information about the lost boy.

A．reward B．prize C．price D．money

11．The 2022 Winter Olympics will ________ in Beijing, making the Chinese capital the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

A．take up B．take place C．take part D．take on

12．Mr Wang is strongly ________ cutting down trees, because the environment is becoming worse and worse.

A．up B．against C．for D．down

13．Being deaf is something ________most people can't imagine.

A．who B．what C．that D．whom

14．People were surprised that the famous singer was _______ arrest _______ murder.

A．on; for B．under； for C．under； with D．in; for

15．The computer _______ the day before yesterday has caught a virus.

A．which I bought it B．I bought C．what I bought D．I bought it

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

1．Most of us believe that an eye finds more ________ than two ears. (true)

2．Don’t talk with the ________ (strange).

3．—Madam, you are really lucky to survive the accident.

—How terrible! I ________ (hurry) past a nearby food store at that time.

4．My father dialed 110 at once to report the ________. (thief)

5．Lucy feels really ________ at forgetting her mum’s birthday again. (guilt)

6．People are worried about the ________ (safe) of the missing child.

7．An expensive picture was ________ (steal) from the museum last night.

8．It turned out that he had nothing ________ (do) with this case

9．Remember ________ (lock) the door when you go out.

10．Wang Dong has a lot of ________ (crime) records.

11．You shouldn’t ________ (carry) a lot of money with you while travelling.

12．We were all sad ________ (hear) the bad news.

13．All the passengers are required ________ (show) their tickets.

14．The people under 18 years old shouldn’t ________ (allow) to go to Internet bars.

15．He was arrested for ________ (commit) several crimes.

16．Uncle Wang sells newspapers for a _______ (live).

17．The police are sure to catch the ________ (murder) and he will pay with his life.

18．The blood on his coat was from ________ (kill) hens and ducks.

19．If you are ________ (wound), you might have been hurt by a knife or a gun.

20．A body ________ (cover) in blood was found in rubbish bin near Upper Street.

21．Don’t forget ________ (shut) all the windows when you leave the office.

22．Tom thought that someone ________ (drop) the necklace.

23．All the students went to the Great Wall except ________ (she).

24．Have you planned ________ (take) the dog to the pet hospital?

25．The young parents are still looking for their son who’s been ________ (miss) for a year.

三、完成句子

1．幸运的是，这辆黑色轿车与这次事故无关。

________________, ____________________ this accident.

2．受害者想要向警方汇报他的老板所犯的罪行。

The victim wanted _____________ the crime which his boss _____________ the police.

3．如果你有有价值的线索，你可以拨打025-8674010和警方联系。

If you have any valuable clues, you can ________________________ 025-8674010.

4．如果丹尼尔参加这个游戏类节目，他可能获奖。

If Daniel ______________ the game show, he _____________ a prize.

5．一位目击者报告说他呼吸沉重并且衬衫上有血。

A witness reported that he was ____________ and ____________ his shirt.

6．他被指控在去年一年中强行闯入数个电脑系统。

He ____________ several computer systems over the last year.

7．根据记录，他在过去曾用电脑犯罪。

____________ the record, he ____________ computer crimes in the past.

8．你们为什么不去有趣的地方呢？

Why don’t you go ________________________________?

9．我很好奇为什么他总是来去匆匆。

I’m wondering __________________ to come and go.

10．偶尔地，我喜欢看恐怖的电影。

Once in a while, I like to watch movies ________ ________ ________.

参考答案：

一、单项选择

1-5 BCABB   6-10  ACCDA   11-15 BBCBB

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

1.truth

2.strangers

3.was hurrying

4.theft

5.guilty

6.safety

7.stolen

8.to do

9.to lock

10.criminal

11.carry

12.to hear

13.to show

14.be allowed

15.committing

16.living

17.murderer

18.killing

19.wounded

20.covered

21.to shut

22.had dropped

23.her

24.to take

25.missing

三、完成句子

1.Luckily     the black car has nothing to do with##the black car had nothing to do with

2.to report     had committed to

3.contact the police on

4.takes part in     might win##may win

5.breathing heavily     had blood on

6.was charged with breaking into

7.According to     was guilty of

8.somewhere interesting

9.why he is always in a hurry

10.that     are     scary