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人教版八年级上册期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分
(重点知识+难点易错点)
专题11 短文首字母填空15篇
首先通读全文，了解大意。然后浏览设空的句子，分析句子结构，初步确定空处所填词汇的词性。如果不能找到信息和关键词直接填词，就回看上下文分析句子，掌握三者之间的内在联系，最后综合句意与信息和关键词，推断出所填词语。
（2021·内蒙古·满洲里市教研培训中心八年级期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
On a hot summer holiday, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the lake behind his house.
He j1．into the water, not realizing(意识到) a crocodile（鳄鱼）was swimming towards him. In the house, his mother was looking out of the w2．. She saw the animal getting closer and closer to h3．son. She ran to the water, shouting as l4． as possible to the boy.
Hearing her v5．, the little boy made a U-turn to his mother. It was too l6． . The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother. The mother h7．her little boy by her arm as the crocodile bit his legs. The crocodile was much stronger t8． the mother. But the mother would never give up. Luckily, a farmer happened to drive by, heard their calling for h9． , and shot (射击) the animal.
After that, the little boy said to the reporter, “I love my mum. She never let me go when I was in d10．.”
（2021·天津一中八年级期中）阅读短文，综合填空。
Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to d11． a habit of helping others.
We live in the country. Most of what we see is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions (例外) to the beauty is the r12． that some people throw out of their car windows. And there are no necessary public services(公共服务), such as rubbish collection.
I often practise picking up rubbish with my daughters in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a match to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in an e13． voice, “There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!” Without t14． more, we will often get out of our car and pick it up. Though it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we e15． it. We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost a16．.
One day I saw a man I had never met before picking up rubbish on the road. I stopped. He r17． his head and said to me with a smile, “I saw you doing this with your family. It’s a good idea to do like this.”
There are many other ways to o18． kindness to others. You may share a dinner with a homeless person, visit l19． old people in the nursing home, or help the blind cross the street. You can think of something we can finish easily but helpful. It is fun, and what’s more, it can set a good example. Helping others is helping y20．.
（2021·山东·东营市胜利第一初级中学八年级期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
When there’s a terrible s21．, there are lots of sad stories. Many people lost their houses, their cars and their pets. But sometimes these stories have happy endings(结局), too.
A family in New Jersey, US ,had a cat c22． Vivien. She is very smart. She could even draw with her wet paws(爪子) on the f23．. They all love her very much. When hurricane (飓风) Sandy hit America in October, they moved to a safer place 13km away from home. Sadly Vivien got l24．. The w25． family were worried about her. All the nine family members looked f26． her everywhere. But they could not find her. They thought she might d27．.
But six months later, Vivien r28． to their house, according to Yahoo News. They thought it was s29． because no one was able to be sure where Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.
Many animals are good at finding their way when bad weather happens. People usually say that dogs and cats find their way home by using their sense of smell(气味). But that can not e30． how Vivien found her way back. Because Hurricane Sandy blew away the smells of home.
（2021·江苏·宝应县城北初级中学八年级期中）根据短文内容和首字母提示，完整地写出空缺处单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Last weekend, my classmates and I had a day out, we went to the countryside for a picnic. What a s31． day! The weather was fine. All of us were excited and happy. We went there by b32． with fruit, eggs, meat, vegetables, cookers and some other things.
About half an hour later, we a33． at the foot of the hill. We couldn’t wait to get off the bus. There was a big lake and many green trees. Birds were singing songs. How wonderful they were! At noon all of us were b34． getting ready for the picnic. Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking, and o35． were putting a big cloth on the grass. At one o’clock in the afternoon, the lunch was r36． finally. All of us were very hungry and ate up all the food.
After lunch, we h37． a great time singing, dancing, drinking and talking. At three o’clock, we began to c38． the hill. The hill was quite high, but we all tried to g39． to the top of it. On the top of the hill, we felt that we were much closer to the s40．, and we saw the flying birds in the sky more clearly.
（2021·江苏·南京钟英中学八年级期中）阅读短文，根据内容和首字母提示，在各小题空格里填入适当的单词，每空一词。.
Yuhang in Hangzhou is k41． for making oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years. But in the 1970s, it was out of production（生产）a 42． steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas became more popular. In 2015, Liu Weixue g43． up a well-paid job to learn from his grandfather the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas. “I f44． in love with the art at a very young age.” Liu said. There are more than 70 steps, including m45． bamboo ribs （竹伞骨）and pasting（糊）papers. After mastering the skills, Liu opened a studio（工作坊）, Liu improved the umbrellas to w46． the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper breaks easily, he used t47． paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and c48． 1,000 times without breaking. He uses a lighter kind of bamboo to make the ribs, so the umbrellas weigh l49．. As young people like hand-painted pictures, he invites painters to draw patterns（图案）on the umbrella cover. To ensure quality（保证质量）, his studio makes o50． 1,000 umbrellas each year.
（2020·江苏·滨海县教师发展中心八年级期中） Kitty’s cousin Linda comes from the USA．Yesterday Kitty’s teacher invited Linda to j51． their school trip to the World Park with the Class 1, Grade 8 students.
It was a fine warm day. It took them about two hours to t52． a bus there. There was a lot of traffic on the way and the journey was a little b53．.
When they f54． arrived at the park, all of them couldn’t w55． to get off the bus. Soon the whole world was there in front of them. They could see models of o56． a hundred places of interest from all over the world.
They became very e57． when they saw the model Eiffel Tower made of steel. The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one in America. Linda couldn’t b58． her eyes.
It was an amazing day b59． they saw the main sights of the world in just one day. The song and dance shows were also wonderful. They learnt a lot about different c60．.
（2021·江苏·靖江市靖城中学八年级期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词。（非每空一词）
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often f61． to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford (买得起) these things. But I don’t agree 62． them. Waste can bring a lot of p 63．. Although China is rich in some resources (资源), we are short of (缺乏) others. For example, fresh water(淡水). It is reported that we 64． (have) no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the f65． and where can we move? Think about it. I think we should say 66． to the students who waste things every day. 67． should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our 68． (day) life, we can do many things 69． (stop) waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps (水龙头) when finishing washing, turn off the lights when 70． (leave) the classroom, try not to order more food than we need and so on. Little by little, We will make a difference.
（2021·江苏·南京市第二十九中学八年级期中）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Did Chinese people in the p71． have three meals a day as we do now? In fact, before and during the Qin and Han dynasties, most people ate two meals a day. They didn’t have enough food b72． farming was still undeveloped at this time. Usually, people had breakfast b73． 7 and 9 a.m. Their breakfast, as their m74． meal, was heartier (更丰盛的) than their afternoon meal.
Still, during these times, some rich people had three meals a day. But poor people didn’t u75． do it.
Three meals a day became common d76． the Sui and Tang dynasties as agriculture developed (农业发展) and the country became richer. At that time, lunch replaced (代替) breakfast as the main meal of the day. We can often see the word “lunch” in poems. For example, Tang Dynasty poets Bai Juyi and Jia Dao b77． wrote about lunch in their poems.
Long ago, the n78． of meals someone ate a day largely depended on (取决于) their financial (经济的) system, social status (社会地位) and customs. For e79．, during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), emperors e80． four meals a day. During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), emperors had only two meals a day.
（2021·天津津南·八年级期中） Most American families are smaller than the families in other c81．. Children in the US will l82． their parents’ homes. When they grow up, they usually live f83． from their parents because they want to f84． good jobs. They often w85． to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to v86．their parents on holiday. Parents usually let their children choose their o87． jobs. Americans think it i88． for young people to decide on their lives by themselves. Children are asked to do some work around their houses. And in many families, children are pleased for doing some housework so that they can learn h89．to make money for their own use. Someone says: “Time is money,” but I think time is e90．more important than money.
（2021·天津市双菱中学八年级期中） The London Eye is a tourist attraction in London, the UK. There you can get i91． a capsule（密封舱）to enjoy a great view of the city of London.
I visited the London Eye last summer w92． a friend. My friend didn’t know where we were going. I just told him we would go somewhere every special. As we a93． at Waterloo Station, he had worked out where we were going. He smiled h94．. When we reached the London Eye, there was a very long waiting line, so in order to s95． time, he stayed in the line while I went to buy the ticket.
The capsule doesn’t completely stop when people get on, so you have to get into it q96．. Then the door of the capsule shuts. The view was w97．. We took many photos of the view and of o98．. It took about half an hour for the capsule to go around.
If you take an i99． in going there, I’d like to give you some advice. To enjoy the view, go in the daytime. There are night rides, but you won’t see a lot. Sometimes the top of the wheel can be q100． cool even though it’s sunny. So ladies, don’t forget to take a scarf.
（2021·湖北·武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）八年级期中）先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Sweden’s Icehotel is the latest cool hotel in town, and it really is made of ice. So how did this idea come about? It all s101． in 1990. A French artist held the opening of his exhibition in a man-made igloo (冰屋) on the f102． Tome River — home of the Icehotel. The igloo was a great s103．. and it attracted many visitors. Among these visitors was a brave group of adventurers. They used the igloo as their accommodation. This act of bravery inspired the construction (建造) of the Icehotel.
Situated 200 km above the Arctic Circle, the hotel is only open during the w104． months. Why? Because the ice d105． in the spring time. This means that the hotel is built from scratch every year.
But does this hotel have any of the facilities you find in a r106． hotel? Well, actually, yes. In fact, the Icehotel seems to have e107．; the famous ‘Absolut IceBar’ an ice art exhibition and a cinema. It even has an ice sauna and spa to keep you warm. And, of course, you can enjoy the n108． scenery around the hotel. There is a snowmobile travel which takes you across the snowfields. And if you’re feeling brave, you can drive the snowmobile yourself
The Icehotel is a real find. In fact, it won the “Best Experience in Sweden” a109． in 2017. And, it’s not impossible to get there. There are f110． and trains every day. So, what are you waiting for? Just make sure you wrap up warm and take a sleeping bag.
（2021·江苏东台·八年级期中）短文首字母填空.
Hi, everyone! Do you feel t111．? Drink some coffee! Do you want to w112． your friends to your home? Drink some coffee together.
Coffee g113． on trees in tropical countries. The trees are not very tall. They are less than 4 meters h114．. They have shiny leaves and white flowers. Fruit starts to grow when the trees are five y115． old. Each fruit has two seeds in it. We call the seeds coffee b116．.
Workers c117． the coffee beans by hand. There are n118． machines for collecting coffee beans.
Coffee came from Ethiopia in East Africa. People saw animals eating the leaves and fruit of coffee plants. The animals s119． awake all night. Then people started eating the food too.
People took coffee from Ethiopia to the Middle East and then to Europe. They started making a drink f120． coffee about 700 years ago. They like to go to coffee house to drink coffee and talk.
Now coffee grows in many tropical countries in South Africa, Asia, and Africa. People all over the world like to drink it.
（2021·江苏东台·八年级期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。（每空一词）
On a hot summer day, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the river in front of his house. In a h121． to dive into the cool river, he ran out through the back door, leaving behind his shoes and shirt w122． he went. He dived into the w123．, not realizing that as he swam towards the middle of the river, an alligator（短尾鳄）was s124． towards him. Inside the house, his mother was looking out of the w125．. She saw the two as t126． got closer and closer. In great fear, she rushed out of the h127． and ran towards the water, shouting at her son as loudly as she could.
Hearing her voice, the little boy became alert (警觉的) and t128． around to swim to his mother. But it was too l129．. Just as the mother r130． her son, the alligator also caught the boy.
（2021·山东广饶·八年级期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Chinese are often known for being shy, but while using a China-developed App called Douyin, everybody turns into a performer with a humorous sense(幽默感).
The short-form video App—Douyin, named Tik Tok outside China, a131． people to produce and share videos with background music and special effects. And users can do this for f132．. It has become more popular at home and abroad. Many people create and share short videos on popular video Apps like Douyin and Kuaishou. The videos are 15 seconds to a few m133． long. They show people doing activities like cooking, exercising and singing.
Teenagers e134． enjoy these videos. Over 50% of first-year and second-year junior high school students said they enjoyed w135． these short videos. About 47% of junior high school students have posted t136． own videos.
The videos let teenagers s137． funny and exciting things they wouldn’t usually see .Many teens like to share the fun things they do w138． others as well. However, the videos can also cause t139． .Some students spend too much time watching them, s140． they don’t have enough time to study. Some videos have bad information that isn’t suitable for teenagers.
To deal with these problems, Douyin added a new function(功能)in April, 2019. It will lock the App if someone uses the App for over two hours a day. In the same month, the government asked companies to control these video Apps and delete bad videos.
（2019·江苏·南通田家炳中学八年级阶段练习）短文填空
It’s known that China is a country with the largest population （人口）in the world. To deal with the population problem, our g141． decided to have one-child policy （政策）. After the policy was out for some time, while it did help to make the population grow s142．, problems like aging also become clear. So all Chinese families were told that they could have two children. As the one-child policy came to an end, many Chinese children may have a brother or sister in the f143．.
But what would your life be l144． growing up with a brother or a sister? H145． a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings, such as loneliness and fear. Your brother or sister can give you something that parents can’t give you. You may not feel lonely at home any more b146． there will be someone playing with you and s147． secrets with you. Of course, sometimes you may argue （争论）or even f148． with him or her, but you will get on well with each other soon.
Although now our country encourages people to have more children, most y149． people don’t want more children because of the pressure （压力）from work and family. Maybe it takes a long time for people to a150． the new policy.
参考答案
1．(j)umped
2．(w)indow
3．(h)er
4．(l)oudly
5．(v)oice
6．(l)ate
7．(h)eld
8．(t)han
9．(h)elp
10．(d)anger
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位勇敢的母亲在危急关头从凶猛的鳄鱼口中救下自己儿子的故事。
1．
句意：他跳进水里，没有意识到一条鳄鱼正向他游去。根据前文“a little boy decided to go for a swim in the lake behind his house.”可知，他决定去游泳，所以应该是跳进水里，jump into“跳进”。时态应使用一般过去时，“jump”的过去式是“jumped”。故填(j)umped。
2．
句意：他的妈妈在房子里正往窗户外面看。根据前文“In the house”和后文“She saw the animal getting closer and closer”可知，妈妈应该是往窗外看，window意为“窗户”。故填(w)indow。
3．
句意：她看到那个动物离她的儿子越来越近。根据前文“ his mother was looking out of”可知，她看到那个动物离她的儿子越来越近，her意为“她的”。故填(h)er。
4．
句意：她跑到水边，尽可能地对着男孩大喊。根据前文“She saw the animal getting closer and closer to her son.”可知，她看见那个动物离男孩越来越近，她应该是对着男孩大喊，“shouting”是动词，用副词修饰，loudly“大声地”是副词。故填(l)oudly。
5．
句意：听到她的声音，小男孩向他的母亲转过身来。根据前文“ She ran to the water, shouting”可知，应该是小男孩听到了她的声音后转身，voice意为“声音”。故填(v)oice。
6．
句意：太晚了。根据后文“The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother.”可知，鳄鱼已经到男孩的身边了，所以应该是太晚了，late意为“晚的”。故填(l)ate。
7．
句意：正当鳄鱼咬男孩的腿时，妈妈用她的手抓着小男孩。根据前文“The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother. ”可知，鳄鱼到小男孩身边的同时，男孩也快到妈妈身边，此时妈妈应该伸出抓住小男孩，hold意为“抓住，握住”；时态使用一般过时，“hold”过去式是“held”。故填(h)eld。
8．
句意：鳄鱼比妈妈强壮得多了。根据前面“ much stronger”可知，鳄鱼比妈妈强壮得多，than意为“比”。故填(t)han。
9．
句意：幸运的是，一位农民碰巧开车经过，听到了他们的呼救声，开枪射死了那只动物。根据前文“ heard their calling for”可知，应该是母子俩呼叫救命，help意为“救命，帮助”。故填(h)elp。
10．
句意：当我遇到危险时，她从不会放手。根据全文以及“She never let me go”可知，应该是当我遇到危险时，她从来没有放手，in danger意为“处于危险中”。故填(d)anger。
11．(d)evelop
12．(r)ubbish
13．(e)xciting
14．(t)hinking
15．(e)njoy
16．(a)nywhere
17．(r)aised
18．(o)ffer
19．(l)onely
20．(y)ourself
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者教导女儿要养成乐于助人的习惯，并亲自和女儿一起捡垃圾。这种行为也感染了另一个人，也跟着行动起来。因此，帮助他人就是帮助自己。
11．
句意：我教我女儿养成帮助他人的习惯。根据“I teach my daughters to … a habit of helping others.”和首字母可知，此处考查短语develop a habit of…，表示“养成一种……的习惯”；to后接动词原形。故填(d)evelop。
12．
句意：与美景不同的是一些人从车窗往外扔出的垃圾。根据下文“such as rubbish collection”和首字母可知，此处要填rubbish，表示“垃圾”。故填(r)ubbish。
13．
句意：她们常用兴奋的嗓音对我说。根据前文“My daughters often have a match to see who can collect the most rubbish.”和下文“There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!”可知，女儿们经常比赛看谁收集的垃圾多，由此推知，她们看见垃圾时会非常兴奋。exciting表示“兴奋的”，此处用来修饰名词voice。故填(e)xciting。
14．
句意：我们常常会不假思索地下车去捡起垃圾。根据“There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!”可知，看到垃圾就捡已经成了我们的习惯动作，所以女儿说有垃圾让我停车，我们没有想太多就下车去捡了。结合首字母可知，此处要填think，表示“思考”；without是介词，后接动词要用ing形式。故填(t)hinking。
15．
句意：事实上，我们享受其中。根据“Though it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we … it.”可知，虽然看起来很奇怪，但我们就这么做了。事实上，我们喜欢它。结合首字母可知，此处应填enjoy，表示“喜欢；享受”。故填(e)njoy。
16．
句意：我们在公园、马路边、几乎任何地方捡垃圾。根据“We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost…”可知，我们捡垃圾，在公园，在马路边，几乎任何有垃圾的地方。结合首字母可知，此处要填anywhere，表示“任何地方”。故填(a)nywhere。
17．
句意：他抬起头，笑着对我说。根据“his head”可知，他捡垃圾肯定要弯腰低头，然后对我说话时，需要抬起头。结合首字母可知，此处应填raise，表示“抬起”。时态为一般过去时，要用过去式raised。故填(r)aised。
18．
句意：有许多其他的方式向他人提供善意。根据“There are many other ways to … kindness to others.”和首字母可知，此处要填offer，表示“提供”；offer sth. to sb.表示“给某人提供……”。故填(o)ffer。
19．
句意：你可以和无家可归的人共进晚餐，去养老院看望孤独的老人。根据“old people in the nursing home”可知，养老院的老人大多是孤独的。结合首字母可知，此处要填lonely，表示“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。
20．
句意：帮助他人就是帮助你自己。根据上文可知，生活中有很多方式可以表达善意，可以跟乞丐分享晚餐、拜访孤独老人、帮助盲人过马路等。这些举手之劳不仅帮助他人，也充满乐趣，而且还可以树立好的榜样。因此，帮助他人就是帮助自己。结合首字母可知，此处应填yourself，表示“你自己”。故填(y)ourself。
21．(s)torm
22．(c)alled
23．(f)loor
24．(l)ost
25．(w)hole
26．(f)or
27．(d)ie
28．(r)eturned
29．(s)trange
30．(e)xplain
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一家人养了一只猫，在飓风来临时，全家人要搬到安全的地方，路上猫迷路了，他们都认为它可能死了，但是最后这只猫竟然回到了家里的故事。
21．句意：当有可怕的暴风雨时，会有很多悲伤的故事。根据“ Many people lost their houses, their cars and their pets”及单词首字母可知此处是指当有可怕的暴风雨时，会有很多悲伤的故事，storm“风暴”，前面有a修饰，所以用原形，故填(s)torm。
22．
句意：美国新泽西州的一个家庭养了一只名叫Vivien的猫。根据“had a cat...Vivien”可知这只猫叫Vivien，call“称为”，这里用过去分词作定语修饰前面的名词，故填(c)alled。
23．
句意：她甚至可以用湿爪子在地板上画画。根据“She is very smart. She could even draw with her wet paws(爪子) on the...”及单词首字母可知此处应该指的是猫很聪明，可以用湿爪子在地板上画画，floor“地板”，故填(f)loor。
24．
句意：不幸的是，Vivien迷路了。根据“All the nine family members looked...her everywhere. But they could not find her”可知这只猫在路上迷路了，固定短语get lost“迷路”，故填(l)ost。
25．
句意：全家人都为她担心。根据“The...family were worried about her. All the nine family members...”可知全家人都很担心它，whole“整体的，全部的”，修饰family，故填(w)hole。
26．
句意：九个家庭成员到处找她。固定短语look for“寻找”，for是介词，故填(f)or。
27．
句意：他们认为她可能会死。根据“But they could not find her. They thought she might...”及单词首字母可知他们因为找不到猫，认为它可能死了，die“死亡”，前面有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(d)ie。
28．
句意：但据雅虎新闻报道，六个月后，Vivien回到了他们家。根据“But six months later, Vivien...to their house, according to Yahoo News.”及“Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.”可知六个月后，这只猫回到了他们家，return“返回”，根据段落语境可知时态是一般过去时，故填(r)eturned。
29．
句意：他们认为这很奇怪，因为没有人能确定Vivien在哪里，以及它如何回来。根据“because no one was able to be sure where Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.”可知这一家人对猫竟然能回来感到很奇怪，strange“奇怪的”，是形容词，故填(s)trange。
30．
句意：但这不能解释Vivien是如何找到归路的。根据“ Many animals are good at finding their way...by using their sense of smell(气味)”及“...how Vivien found her way back”可知这些事情不能解释这个猫是怎么找到回家的路，explain“解释”，前面有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(e)xplain。
31．(s)unny
32．(b)us
33．(a)rrived
34．(b)usy
35．(o)thers
36．(r)eady
37．(h)ad
38．(c)limb
39．(g)et
40．(s)ky
【分析】
文章大意：本文作者讲述了上个周末和同学一起去野餐的经历，重点介绍了准备午餐的过程以及爬到山顶的感受。
31．
句意：多么晴朗的一天啊! 根据“What a … day!”可知本句为感叹句，结合下文“The weather was fine.”天气很好，以及首字母提示s，可知是多么晴朗的一天啊，sunny“晴朗的、阳光充足的”，形容词，修饰后面的名词day，故填(s)unny。
32．
句意：我们乘公共汽车去那里。根据“We went there by …”，结合语境及首字母提示b，可知我们是乘公共汽车去的那里，by bus“乘公共汽车”，故填(b)us。
33．
句意：大约半小时后，我们到达了山脚下。根据“About half an hour later,”结合上文语境及首字母提示a，可知是半个小时以后，我们到达了山脚下，arrive“到达”，句子时态为一般过去时，故填(a)rrived。
34．
句意：中午我们都忙着为野餐做准备。根据下文“Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking,”我们中的一些人在取水，一些人在做饭，结合首字母提示b，可知我们都忙着为野餐做准备，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，故填(b)usy。
35．
句意：我们中的一些人在取水，一些人在做饭，其他人在草地上放一块大布。根据“Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking, and … were putting a big cloth on the grass.”结合语境及首字母提示o，可知这里考查固定句型some…some…others…，意为“有的……有的……其他的……”，故填(o)thers。
36．
句意：下午一点，午餐终于准备好了。 根据“At one o’clock in the afternoon, the lunch was … finally.”结合语境及首字母提示r，可知是下午一点午餐终于准备好了，be ready for“准备好、为……做准备”，固定词组，故填(r)eady。
37．
句意：午饭后，我们玩得很开心，唱歌、跳舞、喝酒、聊天。 根据“After lunch, we … a great time singing, dancing, drinking and talking.”结合语境及首字母提示h，可知此处考查固定词组have a great time“玩得开心、过得愉快”，句子时态为一般过去时，故填(h)ad。
38．
句意：三点钟的时候，我们开始爬山。根据“At three o’clock, we began to … the hill.”由后面的关键词hill，结合首字母提示c，可知三点钟的时候我们开始爬山，climb“爬”，动词，前面有动词不定式符号to，因此这里用动词原形，故填(c)limb。
39．
句意：山很高，但我们都想爬到山顶上去。根据“The hill was quite high, but we all tried to … to the top of it.”由后面的the top of it，结合首字母提示g，可知是我们都想去到达山顶，get to“到达”，固定词组，try to do sth“尽力做某事”，因此这里用动词原形，故填(g)et。
40．
句意：到了山顶，我们觉得离天空更近了。根据下文“we saw the flying birds in the sky more clearly.”我们更清楚地看到了天空中的飞鸟。结合“On the top of the hill, we felt that we were much closer to the …,”及首字母提示s，可知是到了山顶，我们觉得离天空更近了，sky“天空”，符合题意，故填(s)ky。
41．(k)nown
42．(a)s
43．(g)ave
44．(f)ell
45．(m)aking
46．(w)in
47．(t)hicker
48．(c)losed
49．(l)ess
50．(o)nly
【分析】
本文讲述余杭油纸伞很出名，刘卫学放弃高新的工作学习这门传统的艺术，后来他开了工作室，对油纸伞进行改进并且质量得到了提高。为了保证质量，他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。
41．
句意：杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，已有230多年的历史。根据“making oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years.”可知，此处是杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，be known for因……而出名。故填(k)nown。
42．
句意：但到了20世纪70年代，随着钢骨雨伞越来越流行，油纸伞就停产了。根据上下文可知，因为钢骨伞越来越流行，油纸伞就停产了，因此用连词as。故填(a)s。
43．
句意：2015年，刘卫学放弃了一份高薪工作，向祖父学习制作余杭油纸伞的传统艺术。根据“a well-paid job to learn from his grandfather the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas.”可知，此处是放弃了高薪工作，give up放弃。由In 2015可知，此处需用一般过去时。故填(g)ave。
44．
句意：我在很小的时候就爱上了这门艺术。此处是固定短语fall in love with爱上……；由 at a very young age可知，此处需用一般过去时。故填(f)ell。
45．
句意：有70多个步骤，包括制作竹伞骨和粘贴纸张。根据上下文，做竹伞骨，所以用make表示“制作”，include doing sth.包括……，所以此处需用动名词。故填(m)aking。
46．
句意：掌握了这些技能后，刘卫学开了一家工作室，他改进了雨伞，赢得了年轻人的心。根据“the hearts of young people.”可知，此处是改进雨伞赢得年轻人的喜欢，win意为“获得”；to后跟动词原形。故填(w)in。
47．
句意：由于传统的纸张容易破损，他使用了较厚的纸张。根据“As the traditional paper breaks easily,”可知，此处是用较厚的纸代替传统的纸张，thick意为“厚的”；结合语境可知，此处需用比较级。故填(t)hicker。
48．
句意：在一次测试中，他的雨伞被打开和关闭了1000次而没有断裂。根据“his umbrellas were opened and…1,000 times without breaking.”可知，他的雨伞被打开和关闭了1000次；close意为“关闭”，此处需用过去式与opened并列。故填(c)losed。
49．
句意：他用更轻的竹子做竹伞骨，这样伞就轻了。根据“He uses a lifter kind of bamboo to make the ribs,”可知，这样的伞就更轻了，此处需用little的比较级less。故填(l)ess。
50．
句意：为了保证质量，他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。根据“To ensure quality（保证质量）, his studio makes…1,000 umbrellas each year.”及首字母可知，此处是指他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。only意为“仅，只”。故填(o)nly。
51．(j)oin
52．(t)ake
53．(b)oring
54．(f)inally
55．(w)ait
56．(o)ver
57．(e)xcited
58．(b)elieve
59．(b)ecause
60．(c)ultures
【分析】
文章主要讲了Linda同八年级一班的学生一起去世界公园旅行的经历。
51．
句意：昨天，Kitty的老师邀请Linda和八年级一班的学生一起参加他们的世界公园之旅。根据“their school trip to the World Park”并结合单词首字母可知是参加世界公园之旅，join“参加”，应填动词原形，和空前to一起构成动词不定式，故填(j)oin。
52．
句意：他们花了大约两个小时乘公共汽车到那里。根据“a bus there”并结合单词首字母可知是乘坐公共汽车花费了两个小时，take“乘坐”，固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人一段时间做某事”，故填(t)ake。
53．
句意：路上车辆很多，旅途有点无聊。根据“There was a lot of traffic on the way”可知路上车子很多，旅途是比较无聊的，boring“无聊的”，是形容词，故填(b)oring。
54．
句意：当他们最终到达公园时，他们都迫不及待地想下车。根据“arrived at the park”并结合单词首字母可知他们最终到达公园，finally“最终”，是副词，故填(f)inally。
55．
句意：当他们最终到达公园时，他们都迫不及待地想下车。固定短语can’t waitto do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，故填(w)ait。
56．
句意：他们可以看到来自世界各地的上百个名胜古迹的模型。根据“...a hundred places of interest from all over the world”并结合单词首字母可知是超过一百个名胜古迹的模型，over“超过”，是介词，故填(o)ver。
57．
句意：当他们看到钢制埃菲尔铁塔模型时，他们变得非常兴奋。根据“when they saw the model Eiffel Tower made of steel”可知他们是非常兴奋的，excited“兴奋的”，是形容词，故填(e)xcited。
58．
句意：琳达简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。根据“The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one in America”并结合单词首字母可知LInda是简直不能相信自己的眼睛，believe“相信”，空前有情态动词，应用动词原形，故填(b)elieve。
59．
句意：这是令人惊奇的一天，因为他们只用一天就看到了世界的主要风景。根据“It was an amazing day...they saw the main sights of the world in just one day”可知空处前后两句是因果关系，because“因为”，是连词，故填(b)ecause。
60．
句意：他们学到了很多关于不同文化的知识。根据“they saw the main sights of the world in just one day”及“ They learnt a lot about different...”并结合单词首字母可知他们在这一天里就看到了世界的主要风景，所以也学到了不同种类文化的知识，culture“文化”，此处指的是不同种类的文化，用复数形式，故填(c)ultures。
61．(f)orget
62．with
63．problems
64．will have
65．(f)uture
66．no
67．Everyone/Everybody
68．daily
69．to stop
70．leaving
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了浪费的现象及如何避免浪费的建议。
61．
句意：一些学生要的食物比他们能吃的多，而另一些学生在离开教室时常常忘记关灯。根据“when they leave the classroom.”可知，此处是忘记关灯。短语forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”，根据语境是一般现在时态，主语是others是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填(f)orget。
62．
句意：他们说他们付得起这些东西。但我不同意他们的观点。根据“They say they can afford (买得起) these things.”及but可知，表示转折关系，此处是不同意他们的观点。短语agree with…“同意某人”，故填with。
63．
句意：浪费会带来很多问题。根据waste可知，浪费会带来很多问题，problem是名词，问题，a lot of加名词复数形式，故填problems。
64．
句意：据报道，100年后我们将没有煤或石油可供使用。根据“in 100 years.”可知，此处用一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形，have是动词，有，故填will have。
65．
句意：我们将来可以使用什么？我们可以移动到哪里？短语in the future“在将来”，此处是将来我们能用什么，故填(f)uture。
66．
句意：我认为我们应该对那些每天浪费东西的学生说不。根据“who waste things every day”可知，此处是对那些每天浪费东西的学生说不。say no to sb.“对某人说不”，故填no。
67．
句意：每个人都应该尽快停止浪费。根据“should stop wasting as soon as possible.”可知，此处是每个人应该停止浪费，everyone相当于everybody是不定代词，每个人，注意首字母大写，故填Everyone/Everybody。
68．
句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们可以做很多事情来阻止浪费的发生。life是名词，生活，空前用形容词修饰，此处是日常生活中，day的形容词是daily“日常的”，故填daily。
69．
句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们可以做很多事情来阻止浪费的发生。此处是动词不定式表示目的，短语stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故填to stop。
70．
句意：离开教室时把灯关掉。此处是when引导的时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，leave是动词，离开，此处用现在分词，故填leaving。
71．(p)ast
72．(b)ecause
73．(b)etween
74．(m)ain
75．(u)sually
76．(d)uring
77．(b)oth
78．(n)umber
79．(e)xample
80．(e)njoyed
【分析】
本文是说明文，介绍了中国古代的餐饮习俗。
71．
句意：过去的中国人像我们现在吃一日三餐吗？根据下文“before and during the Qin and Han dynasties, most people ate two meals a day”，结合首字母提示，可知是说过去的中国人，past符合语境，故填(p)ast。
72．
句意：他们没有足够的食物，因为那时农业还不发达。根据题干“They didn’t have enough food…farming was still undeveloped at this time”和首字母提示，可知前后是因果关系，需用because连接，故填(b)ecause。
73．
句意：通常，人们在早上7点到9点之间吃早餐。根据题干“people had breakfast…7 and 9 a.m.”和首字母提示，可知是说早上7点到9点之间，between…and…“在……两者之间”符合语境，故填(b)etween。
74．
句意：他们的早餐作为他们的主食，比他们的下午饭还要丰盛。根据下文“was heartier than their afternoon meal”和首字母提示，可知古人把早餐作为主食，main“主要的”符合语境，故填(m)ain。
75．
句意：但穷人通常不会这么做。设空处作状语需用副词，根据题干“poor people didn’t…do it”和首字母提示，可知是说穷人通常不像富人那样一天吃三顿饭，usually符合语境，故填(u)sually。
76．
句意：随着农业的发展和国家的富裕，一日三餐在隋唐时期变得很普遍。根据下文“the Sui and Tang dynasties”和首字母提示，可知是说在隋唐时期，during“在……期间”符合语境，故填(d)uring。
77．
句意：例如，唐代诗人白居易和贾岛都在诗中提到了午餐。根据上文“Bai Juyi and Jia Dao”和首字母提示，可知白居易和贾岛两人都在诗中提到了午餐，both表示“两者都”，符合语境，故填(b)oth。
78．
句意：很久以前，一个人一天吃多少顿饭很大程度上取决于他的经济制度、社会地位和风俗习惯。根据题干“the…of meals someone ate a day largely”和首字母提示，可知是说吃多少顿饭的数量，the number of表示“……的数量”，是固定短语，故填(n)umber。
79．
句意：例如，在汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)，皇帝享受一日四餐。根据语境，这里是以汉代皇帝和清代皇帝为例，结合首字母提示，可知是固定短语for example“例如”，故填(e)xample。
80．
句意：例如，在汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)，皇帝享受一日四餐。由“four meals a day”和首字母提示，可知是皇帝才会有的待遇，enjoy“享受”符合语境；结合during the Han Dynasty可知动词用过去式，故填(e)njoyed。
81．(c)ountries
82．(l)eave
83．(f)ar
84．(f)ind
85．(w)rite
86．(v)isit
87．(o)wn
88．(i)mportant
89．(h)ow
90．(e)ven
【分析】
本文讲述了美国的家庭情况、美国孩子在家所做的事情以及美国的孩子长大后离开家后，是怎样和他们的父母联系的。
81．
句意：大多数的美国家庭都小于其他国家的家庭。前文提到了美国家庭，此处应是和其他国家对比，结合首字母可知填country的复数形式，故填(c)ountries。
82．
句意：美国的孩子将会离开他们父母的家。根据后文“When they grow up...on holiday.”可知，后面讲到了当他们长大之后怎样跟父母联系，则此处表示的是他们会离开父母的家，此处位于will后面，用leave原形即可，故填(l)eave。
83．
句意：他们通常住得离他们的父母很远。根据后文“because they want to ...jobs.”可知，他们远离父母是因为想找到好工作，结合首字母和短语搭配far away from，故填(f)ar。
84．
句意：因为他们想找到好工作。根据首字母和后面的“jobs”可知，此处表达的是“找到好工作”，故填(f)ind。
85．
句意：他们经常写信给他们的父母或给他们打电话。根据首字母和后面的“telephone them”可知，此处表达的是“写信给他们的父母”，故填(w)rite。
86．
句意：他们经常在假期去看望父母。根据首字母和后面的“on holiday”可知，此处表达的是“在假期看望他们的父母”，故填(v)isit。
87．
句意：父母通常让孩子选择自己的工作。根据首字母及短语结构“one’s own+名词”表“某人自己的……”可知，此处表“他们自己的工作”，故填(o)wn。
88．
句意：美国人认为年轻人决定自己的生活是重要的。根据首字母及后面的“to decide on their lives by themselves”可知，此处表达的是“决定自己的生活是重要的”，故填(i)mportant。
89．
句意：在很多美国家庭，孩子们很乐意做一些家务活，这样他们能学会如何赚钱供自己用。根据首字母和后面的“to make money”可知，此处表达的是“如何赚到钱”，故填(h)ow。
90．
句意：但是我认为时间甚至比金钱更重要。根据首字母和后面的“more important”，此处是修饰比较级的词even，故填(e)ven。
91．(i)nto
92．(w)ith
93．(a)rrived
94．(h)appily
95．(s)ave
96．(q)uickly
97．(w)onderful
98．(o)urselves
99．(i)nterest
100．(q)uite
【分析】
伦敦眼是伦敦的一个著名景点。本文主要讲述了去年我去游览伦敦眼的过程。
91．
句意：在那里你可以进入密封舱，欣赏伦敦城的美景。根据空后“a capsule（密封舱）”和首字母提示可知，空处应是into，进入。故填(i)nto。
92．
句意：去年夏天我和一个朋友参观了伦敦眼。根据空后“a friend”和首字母提示可知，空处应是with，和……一起。故填(w)ith。
93．
句意：当我们到达滑铁卢车站时，他已经算出了我们要去的地方。根据空后“at Waterloo Station”和首字母提示可知，空处应是arrive，到达；句子是一般过去时，动词应用过去式arrived。故填(a)rrived。
94．
句意：他高兴地笑了。根据空前“smiled”和首字母提示可知，空处应是happily，高兴地，副词。故填(h)appily
95．
句意：当我们到达伦敦眼时，有一个很长的等候队伍，所以为了节省时间，我去买票时，他一直在排队。根据后句“he stayed in the line while I went to buy the ticket.”和首字母提示可知，空处应是save，节省，动词；为了干某事：in order to do sth.。故填(s)ave。
96．
句意：当人们上车时，密封舱不会完全停止，所以你必须快速进入。根据前句“The capsule doesn’t completely stop when people get on,”和首字母提示可知，空处应是quickly，快速地，副词。故填(q)uickly。
97．
句意：景色好极了。根据后句“We took many photos of the view and of o….”和首字母提示可知，空处应是wonderful，精彩的，形容词。故填(w)onderful。
98．
句意：我们拍了许多风景和我们自己的照片。根据空前“view”和首字母提示可知，空处应是ourselves，我们自己，反身代词。故填(o)urselves。
99．
句意：如果你对去那里感兴趣，我想给你一些建议。take an interest in，对……感兴趣。故填(i)nterest。
100．
句意：有时，即使天气晴朗，车轮顶部也会相当凉爽。根据空前“the top of the wheel”和首字母提示可知，空处应是quite，很、相当，副词。故填(q)uite。
101．(s)tarted
102．(f)rozen
103．(s)uccess
104．(w)inter
105．(d)isappears
106．(r)eal
107．(e)verything
108．(n)atural
109．(a)ward
110．(f)lights
【分析】
文章介绍了瑞士的冰屋酒店，介绍了其经营的时间、设施及到达的交通方式。
101．
句意：这一切都始于1990年。根据“So how did this idea come about?”以及“It all...in 1990.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是start“开始”，描述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)tarted。
102．
句意：一位法国艺术家在冰冻的Tome河上的一个人造冰屋中举行了他的展览的开幕。根据“a man-made igloo (冰屋) on the...Tome River”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是frozen“结冰的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，故填(f)rozen。
103．
句意：这座冰屋非常成功。根据“it attracted many visitors”及首字母提示可知，冰屋是成功的，空前有great修饰，此处应用名词形式，故填(s)uccess。
104．
句意：该酒店位于北极圈上空200公里处，只在冬季开放。根据“Because the ice...in the spring time.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是酒店只在冬季开放，故填(w)inter。
105．
句意：因为春天的时候冰就会消失。根据“the hotel is only open during the...months.”首字母及常识可知，春天到来的时候，冰就会融化消失，disappear“消失”，陈述事实应用一般现在时，主语是ice，动词用三单形式，故填(d)isappears。
106．
句意：但是这家旅馆有你在真正的旅馆里能找到的设施吗？根据“have any of the facilities you find in a...hotel?”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是real“真正的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，作定语，故填(r)eal。
107．
句意：事实上，冰屋酒店似乎什么都有。根据“the famous ‘Absolut IceBar’ an ice art...you can enjoy...”及首字母提示可知，冰屋酒店什么有真正的酒店有的一切，everything“一切，所有东西”，故填(e)verything。
108．
句意：当然，你还可以欣赏酒店周围的自然风光。根据“There is a snowmobile travel which takes you across the snowfields. And if you’re feeling brave, you can drive the snowmobile yourself”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是可以享受自然风景，natural“自然的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，作定语，故填(n)atural。
109．
句意：事实上，它在2017年获得了“瑞典最佳体验”奖。根据“it won the “Best Experience in Sweden”...in 2017”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是award“奖项”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(a)ward。
110．
句意：每天都有航班和火车。根据“it’s not impossible to get there.”及首字母提示可知，此处是flight“航班”，与trains构成并列，此处应用复数名词，故填(f)lights。
111．(t)ired
112．(w)elcome
113．(g)rows
114．(h)igh
115．(y)ears
116．(b)eans
117．(c)ollect
118．(n)o
119．(s)tayed
120．(f)rom
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了咖啡的作用，咖啡的种植以及咖啡的历史。
111．
句意：你感觉劳累吗？那就喝点咖啡！根据“feel”可知此处填形容词，结合和首字母可知此处需要填写“劳累的”tired，故填(t)ired。
112．
句意：你想要在家接待你的朋友们吗？那就一起喝咖啡吧！根据“want to”可知此处需要填写动词，结合句意可知是在家招待朋友，首字母是“w”，单词应该是welcome，故填(w)elcome。
113．
句意：咖啡生长在热带国家的树上。从句子结构上看可知此处需要动词“生长”grow，全文是一般现在时，coffee作主语，动词需要填写第三人称单数形式，故填(g)rows。
114．
句意：这些树不太高，他们不到四米高。根据前面的“not very tall” 和“4 meters”可知这里需要填“高的”，结合首字母可知需要填high，故填(h)igh。
115．
句意：当树长到5岁时，果实就开始生长。表达年龄，数字超过1，year需要用复数形式，five years old“5岁”，故填(y)ears。
116．
句意：我们把咖啡种子叫作咖啡豆。根据下文“Workers collect the coffee beans by hand.”可知此处需要表达咖啡豆，再根据前面“seeds”可知此处“豆子”需要填写复数形式，故填(b)eans。
117．
句意：工人手工收集咖啡豆。根据后一句“There are no machines for collecting coffee beans.”可知没有机器收咖啡豆，只能是手工收集，“收集咖啡豆”表达为collect coffee beans，故填(c)ollect。
118．
句意：没有机器可以来收集咖啡豆。根据前一句“Workers collect the coffee beans by hand.”说明目前没有可以收集咖啡豆的机器，需要修饰后面的“machines”，故填(n)o。
119．
句意：这些动物整晚都保持清醒。根据咖啡的功效，结合前一句“People saw animals eating the leaves and fruit of coffee plants.”可知人们看见有动物吃了咖啡树的叶子和果实，可以判断他们整晚保持清醒；再根据动词“saw”可知此处需要用动词stay的过去式，故填(s)tayed。
120．
句意：他们大约在700年前开始用咖啡制作饮品。结合文意可知此处的“a drink”来自咖啡，故填(f)rom。
121．(h)urry
122．(w)hen
123．(w)ater
124．(s)wimming
125．(w)indow
126．(t)hey
127．(h)ouse
128．(t)urned
129．(l)ate
130．(r)eached
【分析】
本文讲述了一个小男孩在家门前的河中游泳时的惊险经历，小男孩突然遭遇到鳄鱼，男孩的母亲急忙去帮助孩子，但晚了一步，小男孩还是被鳄鱼抓住了。
121．
句意：他急忙潜入凉爽的河里，从后门跑了出去，走的时候把鞋子和衬衫落在后面。由后半句可知小男孩很着急去游泳，所以急急忙忙潜入河中，急忙in a hurry，故填(h)urry。
122．
句意：他急忙潜入凉爽的河里，从后门跑了出去，走的时候把鞋子和衬衫落在后面。此处引导时间状语从句，当......时候，故填(w)hen。
123．
句意：他跳入水中，没有意识到当他游向河中央时，一只短吻鳄正向他游来。前面提到小河，这里应该是跳入水中，故填(w)ater。
124．
句意：他跳入水中，没有意识到当他游向河中央时，一只短吻鳄正向他游来。鳄鱼靠近小男孩，应该是正在游过来，故填(s)wimming。
125．
句意：在房子里，他的母亲正看着窗外。后文提到小男孩的母亲从屋内看到了男孩和鳄鱼，那么应该是从窗户看向外面，故填(w)indow。
126．
句意：当他们越来越近时，她看到了他们。母亲看到了小男孩和鳄鱼离得越来越近，这里缺少代词，且在句子中作主语，故填(t)hey。
127．
句意：在极度恐惧中，她冲出房子，跑向水边，尽可能大声地对儿子喊叫。小男孩的母亲跑向河边，应该是从房子里冲出来，故填(h)ouse。
128．
句意：听到她的声音，小男孩变得警觉起来，转身向母亲游去。小男孩在听到母亲的叫喊后，觉察到了危险，应该是转身游向母亲，转身turn around，整个故事发生在过去，用一般过去时态，故填(t)urned。
129．
句意：但为时已晚。后文说到小男孩还是被鳄鱼抓住，说明母亲还是晚了一步，故填(l)ate。
130．
句意：就在母亲抓到儿子的时候，鳄鱼也抓住了男孩。由also可知鳄鱼和男孩的母亲是同时抓住男孩的，故填(r)eached。
131．(a)llows
132．(f)ree
133．(m)inutes
134．(e)specially
135．(w)atching
136．(t)heir
137．(s)ee
138．(w)ith
139．(t)rouble
140．(s)o
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抖音在中国非常流行，尤其深受青少年喜欢，但是由此也引起一些问题。
131．
句意：在国外名为Tik Tok的简短视频应用程序——抖音，允许人们制作和分享带有背景音乐和特效的视频。The short-form video App-Douyin是主语，named Tik Tok outside China是后置定语，后接谓语动词，根据首字母a，以及常识可知抖音允许人们运用背景音乐和特殊的效果来创作分享视频，allow动词，意为“允许”，本文主体时态是一般现在时，故填(a)llows。
132．
句意：用户可以在抖音上免费做这些。根据首字母f，可知for free“免费地”，符合题意。故填(f)ree。
133．
句意：这些视频的长度是15秒到几分钟。由“ 15 seconds”以及首字母m，可知，这里表示“几分钟”，minute是名词，意为“分钟”，a few后面加可数名词复数形式，故填(m)inutes。
134．
句意：青少年尤其喜欢这些视频。根据下文“Over 50% of first-year and second-year junior high school students said they enjoyed...these short videos. About 47% of junior high school students have posted...own videos.”以及首字母可知，especially副词，表示尤其、特别。符合题意。故填(e)specially。
135．
句意：50%多的初一和初二学生说他们喜欢现看短视频。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；根据首字母w，可知这里表示“看这些视频”。watch是动词，意为“看”。故填(w)atching。
136．
句意：大约47%的初中生上传他们自己的视频。one’s own表示“某人自己的”，主语是“About 47% of junior high school students”，所以这里用their指代“这些学生的”，故填(t)heir。
137．
句意：这些视频让少年看到他们平时看不到的有趣和刺激的东西。let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，所以这里填动词原形，结合首字母s，see看见，符合题意。故填(s)ee。
138．
句意：很多青少年也喜欢和别人分享他们做的有趣的事情。share sth. with sb.表示和某人分享某事，首字母是w，故填(w)ith。
139．
句意：然而，这些短视频也会引起一些麻烦。根据下文“Some students spend too much time watching them”可知，这些短视频也会引起麻烦，结合首字母t，可知trouble麻烦，符合题意。故填(t)rouble。
140．
句意：一些学生花太多时间观看视频，所以他们没有足够的时间学习。分析句子可知，这里填连词，根据前后两个句子构成因果关系，结合首字母s，so所以，符合上下语境。故填(s)o。
141．(g)overnment
142．(s)lowly
143．(f)uture
144．(l)ike
145．(H)aving
146．(b)ecause
147．(s)haring
148．(f)ight
149．(y)oung
150．(a)ccept
【分析】
本文主要介绍了随着社会的发展，中国人口政策由“一孩政策”转向“二孩政策”，以及论述了有兄弟姐妹的好处。
141．
句意：为了解决人口问题，我们政府决定实行“一孩政策”。此处作主语，其前被形容词性物主代词our限定，可知填名词。government意为“政府”，是名词，符合语境，故填(g)overnment。
142．
句意：这个政策出台一段时间后，尽管它确实帮助使人口增长缓慢下来，但像老龄化这样的问题也变得明显了。此处修饰动词grow，可知用副词。根据常识，一孩政策是为了使人口增长慢下来，slowly意为“缓慢地”，是副词，故填(s)lowly。
143．
句意：随着一孩政策的结束，许多中国孩子在将来可能会有一个弟弟或妹妹。根据后文在说“开放二胎”的政策，可知此处指孩子们将来会有弟弟或妹妹。in the future意为“在将来”，故填(f)uture。
144．
句意：但是你的生活有了个弟弟或妹妹后会是怎样的呢？此处在想象家庭里有二胎后的生活是怎样的，be like意为“像……”，其中like为介词，故填(l)ike。
145．
句意：有一个弟弟或妹妹会让你远离一些坏情绪，例如孤独和恐惧。此处作主语，应该用名词或动名词。have意为“拥有”，是动词，符合语境，用其动名词形式，故填(H)aving。
146．
句意：你可能在家再也不会感到孤独了，因为有人和你玩、分享秘密。此处表示原因，应该用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
147．
句意：你可能在家再也不会感到孤独了，因为有人和你玩、分享秘密。此处和其前“playing with you”作并列后置定语的成分，所以也用现在分词形式。share secrets with sb.意为“和某人分享秘密”，故填(s)haring。
148．
句意：当然了，有时你可能会和他/她吵架或甚至打架，但你们很快就会和好。此处和其前argue一起作并列谓语成分，在情态动词may后，所以填动词原形。fight意为“打架”，是动词，符合语境，故填(f)ight。
149．
句意：虽然现在我国鼓励人们多生孩子，但多数年轻人因为工作和家庭的压力并不想要更多孩子。此处修饰其后名词people，可知用形容词作定语。young people意为“年轻人”，符合语境，故填(y)oung。
150．
句意：可能人们还要花很长时间才能接受这个新政策。此处在不定式符号to后，可知填动词原形。accept意为“接受”，是动词，符合语境，故填(a)ccept。
人教版八年级上册期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分
(重点知识+难点易错点)
专题11 短文首字母填空15篇
首先通读全文，了解大意。然后浏览设空的句子，分析句子结构，初步确定空处所填词汇的词性。如果不能找到信息和关键词直接填词，就回看上下文分析句子，掌握三者之间的内在联系，最后综合句意与信息和关键词，推断出所填词语。
（2021·内蒙古·满洲里市教研培训中心八年级期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
On a hot summer holiday, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the lake behind his house.
He j1．into the water, not realizing(意识到) a crocodile（鳄鱼）was swimming towards him. In the house, his mother was looking out of the w2．. She saw the animal getting closer and closer to h3．son. She ran to the water, shouting as l4． as possible to the boy.
Hearing her v5．, the little boy made a U-turn to his mother. It was too l6． . The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother. The mother h7．her little boy by her arm as the crocodile bit his legs. The crocodile was much stronger t8． the mother. But the mother would never give up. Luckily, a farmer happened to drive by, heard their calling for h9． , and shot (射击) the animal.
After that, the little boy said to the reporter, “I love my mum. She never let me go when I was in d10．.”
（2021·天津一中八年级期中）阅读短文，综合填空。
Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to d11． a habit of helping others.
We live in the country. Most of what we see is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions (例外) to the beauty is the r12． that some people throw out of their car windows. And there are no necessary public services(公共服务), such as rubbish collection.
I often practise picking up rubbish with my daughters in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a match to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in an e13． voice, “There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!” Without t14． more, we will often get out of our car and pick it up. Though it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we e15． it. We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost a16．.
One day I saw a man I had never met before picking up rubbish on the road. I stopped. He r17． his head and said to me with a smile, “I saw you doing this with your family. It’s a good idea to do like this.”
There are many other ways to o18． kindness to others. You may share a dinner with a homeless person, visit l19． old people in the nursing home, or help the blind cross the street. You can think of something we can finish easily but helpful. It is fun, and what’s more, it can set a good example. Helping others is helping y20．.
（2021·山东·东营市胜利第一初级中学八年级期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
When there’s a terrible s21．, there are lots of sad stories. Many people lost their houses, their cars and their pets. But sometimes these stories have happy endings(结局), too.
A family in New Jersey, US ,had a cat c22． Vivien. She is very smart. She could even draw with her wet paws(爪子) on the f23．. They all love her very much. When hurricane (飓风) Sandy hit America in October, they moved to a safer place 13km away from home. Sadly Vivien got l24．. The w25． family were worried about her. All the nine family members looked f26． her everywhere. But they could not find her. They thought she might d27．.
But six months later, Vivien r28． to their house, according to Yahoo News. They thought it was s29． because no one was able to be sure where Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.
Many animals are good at finding their way when bad weather happens. People usually say that dogs and cats find their way home by using their sense of smell(气味). But that can not e30． how Vivien found her way back. Because Hurricane Sandy blew away the smells of home.
（2021·江苏·宝应县城北初级中学八年级期中）根据短文内容和首字母提示，完整地写出空缺处单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Last weekend, my classmates and I had a day out, we went to the countryside for a picnic. What a s31． day! The weather was fine. All of us were excited and happy. We went there by b32． with fruit, eggs, meat, vegetables, cookers and some other things.
About half an hour later, we a33． at the foot of the hill. We couldn’t wait to get off the bus. There was a big lake and many green trees. Birds were singing songs. How wonderful they were! At noon all of us were b34． getting ready for the picnic. Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking, and o35． were putting a big cloth on the grass. At one o’clock in the afternoon, the lunch was r36． finally. All of us were very hungry and ate up all the food.
After lunch, we h37． a great time singing, dancing, drinking and talking. At three o’clock, we began to c38． the hill. The hill was quite high, but we all tried to g39． to the top of it. On the top of the hill, we felt that we were much closer to the s40．, and we saw the flying birds in the sky more clearly.
（2021·江苏·南京钟英中学八年级期中）阅读短文，根据内容和首字母提示，在各小题空格里填入适当的单词，每空一词。.
Yuhang in Hangzhou is k41． for making oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years. But in the 1970s, it was out of production（生产）a 42． steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas became more popular. In 2015, Liu Weixue g43． up a well-paid job to learn from his grandfather the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas. “I f44． in love with the art at a very young age.” Liu said. There are more than 70 steps, including m45． bamboo ribs （竹伞骨）and pasting（糊）papers. After mastering the skills, Liu opened a studio（工作坊）, Liu improved the umbrellas to w46． the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper breaks easily, he used t47． paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and c48． 1,000 times without breaking. He uses a lighter kind of bamboo to make the ribs, so the umbrellas weigh l49．. As young people like hand-painted pictures, he invites painters to draw patterns（图案）on the umbrella cover. To ensure quality（保证质量）, his studio makes o50． 1,000 umbrellas each year.
（2020·江苏·滨海县教师发展中心八年级期中） Kitty’s cousin Linda comes from the USA．Yesterday Kitty’s teacher invited Linda to j51． their school trip to the World Park with the Class 1, Grade 8 students.
It was a fine warm day. It took them about two hours to t52． a bus there. There was a lot of traffic on the way and the journey was a little b53．.
When they f54． arrived at the park, all of them couldn’t w55． to get off the bus. Soon the whole world was there in front of them. They could see models of o56． a hundred places of interest from all over the world.
They became very e57． when they saw the model Eiffel Tower made of steel. The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one in America. Linda couldn’t b58． her eyes.
It was an amazing day b59． they saw the main sights of the world in just one day. The song and dance shows were also wonderful. They learnt a lot about different c60．.
（2021·江苏·靖江市靖城中学八年级期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词。（非每空一词）
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often f61． to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford (买得起) these things. But I don’t agree 62． them. Waste can bring a lot of p 63．. Although China is rich in some resources (资源), we are short of (缺乏) others. For example, fresh water(淡水). It is reported that we 64． (have) no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the f65． and where can we move? Think about it. I think we should say 66． to the students who waste things every day. 67． should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our 68． (day) life, we can do many things 69． (stop) waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps (水龙头) when finishing washing, turn off the lights when 70． (leave) the classroom, try not to order more food than we need and so on. Little by little, We will make a difference.
（2021·江苏·南京市第二十九中学八年级期中）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Did Chinese people in the p71． have three meals a day as we do now? In fact, before and during the Qin and Han dynasties, most people ate two meals a day. They didn’t have enough food b72． farming was still undeveloped at this time. Usually, people had breakfast b73． 7 and 9 a.m. Their breakfast, as their m74． meal, was heartier (更丰盛的) than their afternoon meal.
Still, during these times, some rich people had three meals a day. But poor people didn’t u75． do it.
Three meals a day became common d76． the Sui and Tang dynasties as agriculture developed (农业发展) and the country became richer. At that time, lunch replaced (代替) breakfast as the main meal of the day. We can often see the word “lunch” in poems. For example, Tang Dynasty poets Bai Juyi and Jia Dao b77． wrote about lunch in their poems.
Long ago, the n78． of meals someone ate a day largely depended on (取决于) their financial (经济的) system, social status (社会地位) and customs. For e79．, during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), emperors e80． four meals a day. During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), emperors had only two meals a day.
（2021·天津津南·八年级期中） Most American families are smaller than the families in other c81．. Children in the US will l82． their parents’ homes. When they grow up, they usually live f83． from their parents because they want to f84． good jobs. They often w85． to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to v86．their parents on holiday. Parents usually let their children choose their o87． jobs. Americans think it i88． for young people to decide on their lives by themselves. Children are asked to do some work around their houses. And in many families, children are pleased for doing some housework so that they can learn h89．to make money for their own use. Someone says: “Time is money,” but I think time is e90．more important than money.
（2021·天津市双菱中学八年级期中） The London Eye is a tourist attraction in London, the UK. There you can get i91． a capsule（密封舱）to enjoy a great view of the city of London.
I visited the London Eye last summer w92． a friend. My friend didn’t know where we were going. I just told him we would go somewhere every special. As we a93． at Waterloo Station, he had worked out where we were going. He smiled h94．. When we reached the London Eye, there was a very long waiting line, so in order to s95． time, he stayed in the line while I went to buy the ticket.
The capsule doesn’t completely stop when people get on, so you have to get into it q96．. Then the door of the capsule shuts. The view was w97．. We took many photos of the view and of o98．. It took about half an hour for the capsule to go around.
If you take an i99． in going there, I’d like to give you some advice. To enjoy the view, go in the daytime. There are night rides, but you won’t see a lot. Sometimes the top of the wheel can be q100． cool even though it’s sunny. So ladies, don’t forget to take a scarf.
（2021·湖北·武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）八年级期中）先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Sweden’s Icehotel is the latest cool hotel in town, and it really is made of ice. So how did this idea come about? It all s101． in 1990. A French artist held the opening of his exhibition in a man-made igloo (冰屋) on the f102． Tome River — home of the Icehotel. The igloo was a great s103．. and it attracted many visitors. Among these visitors was a brave group of adventurers. They used the igloo as their accommodation. This act of bravery inspired the construction (建造) of the Icehotel.
Situated 200 km above the Arctic Circle, the hotel is only open during the w104． months. Why? Because the ice d105． in the spring time. This means that the hotel is built from scratch every year.
But does this hotel have any of the facilities you find in a r106． hotel? Well, actually, yes. In fact, the Icehotel seems to have e107．; the famous ‘Absolut IceBar’ an ice art exhibition and a cinema. It even has an ice sauna and spa to keep you warm. And, of course, you can enjoy the n108． scenery around the hotel. There is a snowmobile travel which takes you across the snowfields. And if you’re feeling brave, you can drive the snowmobile yourself
The Icehotel is a real find. In fact, it won the “Best Experience in Sweden” a109． in 2017. And, it’s not impossible to get there. There are f110． and trains every day. So, what are you waiting for? Just make sure you wrap up warm and take a sleeping bag.
（2021·江苏东台·八年级期中）短文首字母填空.
Hi, everyone! Do you feel t111．? Drink some coffee! Do you want to w112． your friends to your home? Drink some coffee together.
Coffee g113． on trees in tropical countries. The trees are not very tall. They are less than 4 meters h114．. They have shiny leaves and white flowers. Fruit starts to grow when the trees are five y115． old. Each fruit has two seeds in it. We call the seeds coffee b116．.
Workers c117． the coffee beans by hand. There are n118． machines for collecting coffee beans.
Coffee came from Ethiopia in East Africa. People saw animals eating the leaves and fruit of coffee plants. The animals s119． awake all night. Then people started eating the food too.
People took coffee from Ethiopia to the Middle East and then to Europe. They started making a drink f120． coffee about 700 years ago. They like to go to coffee house to drink coffee and talk.
Now coffee grows in many tropical countries in South Africa, Asia, and Africa. People all over the world like to drink it.
（2021·江苏东台·八年级期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。（每空一词）
On a hot summer day, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the river in front of his house. In a h121． to dive into the cool river, he ran out through the back door, leaving behind his shoes and shirt w122． he went. He dived into the w123．, not realizing that as he swam towards the middle of the river, an alligator（短尾鳄）was s124． towards him. Inside the house, his mother was looking out of the w125．. She saw the two as t126． got closer and closer. In great fear, she rushed out of the h127． and ran towards the water, shouting at her son as loudly as she could.
Hearing her voice, the little boy became alert (警觉的) and t128． around to swim to his mother. But it was too l129．. Just as the mother r130． her son, the alligator also caught the boy.
（2021·山东广饶·八年级期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Chinese are often known for being shy, but while using a China-developed App called Douyin, everybody turns into a performer with a humorous sense(幽默感).
The short-form video App—Douyin, named Tik Tok outside China, a131． people to produce and share videos with background music and special effects. And users can do this for f132．. It has become more popular at home and abroad. Many people create and share short videos on popular video Apps like Douyin and Kuaishou. The videos are 15 seconds to a few m133． long. They show people doing activities like cooking, exercising and singing.
Teenagers e134． enjoy these videos. Over 50% of first-year and second-year junior high school students said they enjoyed w135． these short videos. About 47% of junior high school students have posted t136． own videos.
The videos let teenagers s137． funny and exciting things they wouldn’t usually see .Many teens like to share the fun things they do w138． others as well. However, the videos can also cause t139． .Some students spend too much time watching them, s140． they don’t have enough time to study. Some videos have bad information that isn’t suitable for teenagers.
To deal with these problems, Douyin added a new function(功能)in April, 2019. It will lock the App if someone uses the App for over two hours a day. In the same month, the government asked companies to control these video Apps and delete bad videos.
（2019·江苏·南通田家炳中学八年级阶段练习）短文填空
It’s known that China is a country with the largest population （人口）in the world. To deal with the population problem, our g141． decided to have one-child policy （政策）. After the policy was out for some time, while it did help to make the population grow s142．, problems like aging also become clear. So all Chinese families were told that they could have two children. As the one-child policy came to an end, many Chinese children may have a brother or sister in the f143．.
But what would your life be l144． growing up with a brother or a sister? H145． a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings, such as loneliness and fear. Your brother or sister can give you something that parents can’t give you. You may not feel lonely at home any more b146． there will be someone playing with you and s147． secrets with you. Of course, sometimes you may argue （争论）or even f148． with him or her, but you will get on well with each other soon.
Although now our country encourages people to have more children, most y149． people don’t want more children because of the pressure （压力）from work and family. Maybe it takes a long time for people to a150． the new policy.
参考答案
1．(j)umped
2．(w)indow
3．(h)er
4．(l)oudly
5．(v)oice
6．(l)ate
7．(h)eld
8．(t)han
9．(h)elp
10．(d)anger
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位勇敢的母亲在危急关头从凶猛的鳄鱼口中救下自己儿子的故事。
1．
句意：他跳进水里，没有意识到一条鳄鱼正向他游去。根据前文“a little boy decided to go for a swim in the lake behind his house.”可知，他决定去游泳，所以应该是跳进水里，jump into“跳进”。时态应使用一般过去时，“jump”的过去式是“jumped”。故填(j)umped。
2．
句意：他的妈妈在房子里正往窗户外面看。根据前文“In the house”和后文“She saw the animal getting closer and closer”可知，妈妈应该是往窗外看，window意为“窗户”。故填(w)indow。
3．
句意：她看到那个动物离她的儿子越来越近。根据前文“ his mother was looking out of”可知，她看到那个动物离她的儿子越来越近，her意为“她的”。故填(h)er。
4．
句意：她跑到水边，尽可能地对着男孩大喊。根据前文“She saw the animal getting closer and closer to her son.”可知，她看见那个动物离男孩越来越近，她应该是对着男孩大喊，“shouting”是动词，用副词修饰，loudly“大声地”是副词。故填(l)oudly。
5．
句意：听到她的声音，小男孩向他的母亲转过身来。根据前文“ She ran to the water, shouting”可知，应该是小男孩听到了她的声音后转身，voice意为“声音”。故填(v)oice。
6．
句意：太晚了。根据后文“The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother.”可知，鳄鱼已经到男孩的身边了，所以应该是太晚了，late意为“晚的”。故填(l)ate。
7．
句意：正当鳄鱼咬男孩的腿时，妈妈用她的手抓着小男孩。根据前文“The crocodile reached him just as the boy reached his mother. ”可知，鳄鱼到小男孩身边的同时，男孩也快到妈妈身边，此时妈妈应该伸出抓住小男孩，hold意为“抓住，握住”；时态使用一般过时，“hold”过去式是“held”。故填(h)eld。
8．
句意：鳄鱼比妈妈强壮得多了。根据前面“ much stronger”可知，鳄鱼比妈妈强壮得多，than意为“比”。故填(t)han。
9．
句意：幸运的是，一位农民碰巧开车经过，听到了他们的呼救声，开枪射死了那只动物。根据前文“ heard their calling for”可知，应该是母子俩呼叫救命，help意为“救命，帮助”。故填(h)elp。
10．
句意：当我遇到危险时，她从不会放手。根据全文以及“She never let me go”可知，应该是当我遇到危险时，她从来没有放手，in danger意为“处于危险中”。故填(d)anger。
11．(d)evelop
12．(r)ubbish
13．(e)xciting
14．(t)hinking
15．(e)njoy
16．(a)nywhere
17．(r)aised
18．(o)ffer
19．(l)onely
20．(y)ourself
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者教导女儿要养成乐于助人的习惯，并亲自和女儿一起捡垃圾。这种行为也感染了另一个人，也跟着行动起来。因此，帮助他人就是帮助自己。
11．
句意：我教我女儿养成帮助他人的习惯。根据“I teach my daughters to … a habit of helping others.”和首字母可知，此处考查短语develop a habit of…，表示“养成一种……的习惯”；to后接动词原形。故填(d)evelop。
12．
句意：与美景不同的是一些人从车窗往外扔出的垃圾。根据下文“such as rubbish collection”和首字母可知，此处要填rubbish，表示“垃圾”。故填(r)ubbish。
13．
句意：她们常用兴奋的嗓音对我说。根据前文“My daughters often have a match to see who can collect the most rubbish.”和下文“There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!”可知，女儿们经常比赛看谁收集的垃圾多，由此推知，她们看见垃圾时会非常兴奋。exciting表示“兴奋的”，此处用来修饰名词voice。故填(e)xciting。
14．
句意：我们常常会不假思索地下车去捡起垃圾。根据“There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!”可知，看到垃圾就捡已经成了我们的习惯动作，所以女儿说有垃圾让我停车，我们没有想太多就下车去捡了。结合首字母可知，此处要填think，表示“思考”；without是介词，后接动词要用ing形式。故填(t)hinking。
15．
句意：事实上，我们享受其中。根据“Though it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we … it.”可知，虽然看起来很奇怪，但我们就这么做了。事实上，我们喜欢它。结合首字母可知，此处应填enjoy，表示“喜欢；享受”。故填(e)njoy。
16．
句意：我们在公园、马路边、几乎任何地方捡垃圾。根据“We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost…”可知，我们捡垃圾，在公园，在马路边，几乎任何有垃圾的地方。结合首字母可知，此处要填anywhere，表示“任何地方”。故填(a)nywhere。
17．
句意：他抬起头，笑着对我说。根据“his head”可知，他捡垃圾肯定要弯腰低头，然后对我说话时，需要抬起头。结合首字母可知，此处应填raise，表示“抬起”。时态为一般过去时，要用过去式raised。故填(r)aised。
18．
句意：有许多其他的方式向他人提供善意。根据“There are many other ways to … kindness to others.”和首字母可知，此处要填offer，表示“提供”；offer sth. to sb.表示“给某人提供……”。故填(o)ffer。
19．
句意：你可以和无家可归的人共进晚餐，去养老院看望孤独的老人。根据“old people in the nursing home”可知，养老院的老人大多是孤独的。结合首字母可知，此处要填lonely，表示“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。
20．
句意：帮助他人就是帮助你自己。根据上文可知，生活中有很多方式可以表达善意，可以跟乞丐分享晚餐、拜访孤独老人、帮助盲人过马路等。这些举手之劳不仅帮助他人，也充满乐趣，而且还可以树立好的榜样。因此，帮助他人就是帮助自己。结合首字母可知，此处应填yourself，表示“你自己”。故填(y)ourself。
21．(s)torm
22．(c)alled
23．(f)loor
24．(l)ost
25．(w)hole
26．(f)or
27．(d)ie
28．(r)eturned
29．(s)trange
30．(e)xplain
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一家人养了一只猫，在飓风来临时，全家人要搬到安全的地方，路上猫迷路了，他们都认为它可能死了，但是最后这只猫竟然回到了家里的故事。
21．句意：当有可怕的暴风雨时，会有很多悲伤的故事。根据“ Many people lost their houses, their cars and their pets”及单词首字母可知此处是指当有可怕的暴风雨时，会有很多悲伤的故事，storm“风暴”，前面有a修饰，所以用原形，故填(s)torm。
22．
句意：美国新泽西州的一个家庭养了一只名叫Vivien的猫。根据“had a cat...Vivien”可知这只猫叫Vivien，call“称为”，这里用过去分词作定语修饰前面的名词，故填(c)alled。
23．
句意：她甚至可以用湿爪子在地板上画画。根据“She is very smart. She could even draw with her wet paws(爪子) on the...”及单词首字母可知此处应该指的是猫很聪明，可以用湿爪子在地板上画画，floor“地板”，故填(f)loor。
24．
句意：不幸的是，Vivien迷路了。根据“All the nine family members looked...her everywhere. But they could not find her”可知这只猫在路上迷路了，固定短语get lost“迷路”，故填(l)ost。
25．
句意：全家人都为她担心。根据“The...family were worried about her. All the nine family members...”可知全家人都很担心它，whole“整体的，全部的”，修饰family，故填(w)hole。
26．
句意：九个家庭成员到处找她。固定短语look for“寻找”，for是介词，故填(f)or。
27．
句意：他们认为她可能会死。根据“But they could not find her. They thought she might...”及单词首字母可知他们因为找不到猫，认为它可能死了，die“死亡”，前面有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(d)ie。
28．
句意：但据雅虎新闻报道，六个月后，Vivien回到了他们家。根据“But six months later, Vivien...to their house, according to Yahoo News.”及“Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.”可知六个月后，这只猫回到了他们家，return“返回”，根据段落语境可知时态是一般过去时，故填(r)eturned。
29．
句意：他们认为这很奇怪，因为没有人能确定Vivien在哪里，以及它如何回来。根据“because no one was able to be sure where Vivien was for all that time and how it could come back.”可知这一家人对猫竟然能回来感到很奇怪，strange“奇怪的”，是形容词，故填(s)trange。
30．
句意：但这不能解释Vivien是如何找到归路的。根据“ Many animals are good at finding their way...by using their sense of smell(气味)”及“...how Vivien found her way back”可知这些事情不能解释这个猫是怎么找到回家的路，explain“解释”，前面有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(e)xplain。
31．(s)unny
32．(b)us
33．(a)rrived
34．(b)usy
35．(o)thers
36．(r)eady
37．(h)ad
38．(c)limb
39．(g)et
40．(s)ky
【分析】
文章大意：本文作者讲述了上个周末和同学一起去野餐的经历，重点介绍了准备午餐的过程以及爬到山顶的感受。
31．
句意：多么晴朗的一天啊! 根据“What a … day!”可知本句为感叹句，结合下文“The weather was fine.”天气很好，以及首字母提示s，可知是多么晴朗的一天啊，sunny“晴朗的、阳光充足的”，形容词，修饰后面的名词day，故填(s)unny。
32．
句意：我们乘公共汽车去那里。根据“We went there by …”，结合语境及首字母提示b，可知我们是乘公共汽车去的那里，by bus“乘公共汽车”，故填(b)us。
33．
句意：大约半小时后，我们到达了山脚下。根据“About half an hour later,”结合上文语境及首字母提示a，可知是半个小时以后，我们到达了山脚下，arrive“到达”，句子时态为一般过去时，故填(a)rrived。
34．
句意：中午我们都忙着为野餐做准备。根据下文“Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking,”我们中的一些人在取水，一些人在做饭，结合首字母提示b，可知我们都忙着为野餐做准备，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，故填(b)usy。
35．
句意：我们中的一些人在取水，一些人在做饭，其他人在草地上放一块大布。根据“Some of us were getting the water, some were cooking, and … were putting a big cloth on the grass.”结合语境及首字母提示o，可知这里考查固定句型some…some…others…，意为“有的……有的……其他的……”，故填(o)thers。
36．
句意：下午一点，午餐终于准备好了。 根据“At one o’clock in the afternoon, the lunch was … finally.”结合语境及首字母提示r，可知是下午一点午餐终于准备好了，be ready for“准备好、为……做准备”，固定词组，故填(r)eady。
37．
句意：午饭后，我们玩得很开心，唱歌、跳舞、喝酒、聊天。 根据“After lunch, we … a great time singing, dancing, drinking and talking.”结合语境及首字母提示h，可知此处考查固定词组have a great time“玩得开心、过得愉快”，句子时态为一般过去时，故填(h)ad。
38．
句意：三点钟的时候，我们开始爬山。根据“At three o’clock, we began to … the hill.”由后面的关键词hill，结合首字母提示c，可知三点钟的时候我们开始爬山，climb“爬”，动词，前面有动词不定式符号to，因此这里用动词原形，故填(c)limb。
39．
句意：山很高，但我们都想爬到山顶上去。根据“The hill was quite high, but we all tried to … to the top of it.”由后面的the top of it，结合首字母提示g，可知是我们都想去到达山顶，get to“到达”，固定词组，try to do sth“尽力做某事”，因此这里用动词原形，故填(g)et。
40．
句意：到了山顶，我们觉得离天空更近了。根据下文“we saw the flying birds in the sky more clearly.”我们更清楚地看到了天空中的飞鸟。结合“On the top of the hill, we felt that we were much closer to the …,”及首字母提示s，可知是到了山顶，我们觉得离天空更近了，sky“天空”，符合题意，故填(s)ky。
41．(k)nown
42．(a)s
43．(g)ave
44．(f)ell
45．(m)aking
46．(w)in
47．(t)hicker
48．(c)losed
49．(l)ess
50．(o)nly
【分析】
本文讲述余杭油纸伞很出名，刘卫学放弃高新的工作学习这门传统的艺术，后来他开了工作室，对油纸伞进行改进并且质量得到了提高。为了保证质量，他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。
41．
句意：杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，已有230多年的历史。根据“making oil paper umbrellas for over 230 years.”可知，此处是杭州余杭以制造油纸伞而闻名，be known for因……而出名。故填(k)nown。
42．
句意：但到了20世纪70年代，随着钢骨雨伞越来越流行，油纸伞就停产了。根据上下文可知，因为钢骨伞越来越流行，油纸伞就停产了，因此用连词as。故填(a)s。
43．
句意：2015年，刘卫学放弃了一份高薪工作，向祖父学习制作余杭油纸伞的传统艺术。根据“a well-paid job to learn from his grandfather the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas.”可知，此处是放弃了高薪工作，give up放弃。由In 2015可知，此处需用一般过去时。故填(g)ave。
44．
句意：我在很小的时候就爱上了这门艺术。此处是固定短语fall in love with爱上……；由 at a very young age可知，此处需用一般过去时。故填(f)ell。
45．
句意：有70多个步骤，包括制作竹伞骨和粘贴纸张。根据上下文，做竹伞骨，所以用make表示“制作”，include doing sth.包括……，所以此处需用动名词。故填(m)aking。
46．
句意：掌握了这些技能后，刘卫学开了一家工作室，他改进了雨伞，赢得了年轻人的心。根据“the hearts of young people.”可知，此处是改进雨伞赢得年轻人的喜欢，win意为“获得”；to后跟动词原形。故填(w)in。
47．
句意：由于传统的纸张容易破损，他使用了较厚的纸张。根据“As the traditional paper breaks easily,”可知，此处是用较厚的纸代替传统的纸张，thick意为“厚的”；结合语境可知，此处需用比较级。故填(t)hicker。
48．
句意：在一次测试中，他的雨伞被打开和关闭了1000次而没有断裂。根据“his umbrellas were opened and…1,000 times without breaking.”可知，他的雨伞被打开和关闭了1000次；close意为“关闭”，此处需用过去式与opened并列。故填(c)losed。
49．
句意：他用更轻的竹子做竹伞骨，这样伞就轻了。根据“He uses a lifter kind of bamboo to make the ribs,”可知，这样的伞就更轻了，此处需用little的比较级less。故填(l)ess。
50．
句意：为了保证质量，他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。根据“To ensure quality（保证质量）, his studio makes…1,000 umbrellas each year.”及首字母可知，此处是指他的工作室每年只生产1000把雨伞。only意为“仅，只”。故填(o)nly。
51．(j)oin
52．(t)ake
53．(b)oring
54．(f)inally
55．(w)ait
56．(o)ver
57．(e)xcited
58．(b)elieve
59．(b)ecause
60．(c)ultures
【分析】
文章主要讲了Linda同八年级一班的学生一起去世界公园旅行的经历。
51．
句意：昨天，Kitty的老师邀请Linda和八年级一班的学生一起参加他们的世界公园之旅。根据“their school trip to the World Park”并结合单词首字母可知是参加世界公园之旅，join“参加”，应填动词原形，和空前to一起构成动词不定式，故填(j)oin。
52．
句意：他们花了大约两个小时乘公共汽车到那里。根据“a bus there”并结合单词首字母可知是乘坐公共汽车花费了两个小时，take“乘坐”，固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人一段时间做某事”，故填(t)ake。
53．
句意：路上车辆很多，旅途有点无聊。根据“There was a lot of traffic on the way”可知路上车子很多，旅途是比较无聊的，boring“无聊的”，是形容词，故填(b)oring。
54．
句意：当他们最终到达公园时，他们都迫不及待地想下车。根据“arrived at the park”并结合单词首字母可知他们最终到达公园，finally“最终”，是副词，故填(f)inally。
55．
句意：当他们最终到达公园时，他们都迫不及待地想下车。固定短语can’t waitto do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，故填(w)ait。
56．
句意：他们可以看到来自世界各地的上百个名胜古迹的模型。根据“...a hundred places of interest from all over the world”并结合单词首字母可知是超过一百个名胜古迹的模型，over“超过”，是介词，故填(o)ver。
57．
句意：当他们看到钢制埃菲尔铁塔模型时，他们变得非常兴奋。根据“when they saw the model Eiffel Tower made of steel”可知他们是非常兴奋的，excited“兴奋的”，是形容词，故填(e)xcited。
58．
句意：琳达简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。根据“The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one in America”并结合单词首字母可知LInda是简直不能相信自己的眼睛，believe“相信”，空前有情态动词，应用动词原形，故填(b)elieve。
59．
句意：这是令人惊奇的一天，因为他们只用一天就看到了世界的主要风景。根据“It was an amazing day...they saw the main sights of the world in just one day”可知空处前后两句是因果关系，because“因为”，是连词，故填(b)ecause。
60．
句意：他们学到了很多关于不同文化的知识。根据“they saw the main sights of the world in just one day”及“ They learnt a lot about different...”并结合单词首字母可知他们在这一天里就看到了世界的主要风景，所以也学到了不同种类文化的知识，culture“文化”，此处指的是不同种类的文化，用复数形式，故填(c)ultures。
61．(f)orget
62．with
63．problems
64．will have
65．(f)uture
66．no
67．Everyone/Everybody
68．daily
69．to stop
70．leaving
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了浪费的现象及如何避免浪费的建议。
61．
句意：一些学生要的食物比他们能吃的多，而另一些学生在离开教室时常常忘记关灯。根据“when they leave the classroom.”可知，此处是忘记关灯。短语forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”，根据语境是一般现在时态，主语是others是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填(f)orget。
62．
句意：他们说他们付得起这些东西。但我不同意他们的观点。根据“They say they can afford (买得起) these things.”及but可知，表示转折关系，此处是不同意他们的观点。短语agree with…“同意某人”，故填with。
63．
句意：浪费会带来很多问题。根据waste可知，浪费会带来很多问题，problem是名词，问题，a lot of加名词复数形式，故填problems。
64．
句意：据报道，100年后我们将没有煤或石油可供使用。根据“in 100 years.”可知，此处用一般将来时，其结构是will+动词原形，have是动词，有，故填will have。
65．
句意：我们将来可以使用什么？我们可以移动到哪里？短语in the future“在将来”，此处是将来我们能用什么，故填(f)uture。
66．
句意：我认为我们应该对那些每天浪费东西的学生说不。根据“who waste things every day”可知，此处是对那些每天浪费东西的学生说不。say no to sb.“对某人说不”，故填no。
67．
句意：每个人都应该尽快停止浪费。根据“should stop wasting as soon as possible.”可知，此处是每个人应该停止浪费，everyone相当于everybody是不定代词，每个人，注意首字母大写，故填Everyone/Everybody。
68．
句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们可以做很多事情来阻止浪费的发生。life是名词，生活，空前用形容词修饰，此处是日常生活中，day的形容词是daily“日常的”，故填daily。
69．
句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们可以做很多事情来阻止浪费的发生。此处是动词不定式表示目的，短语stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故填to stop。
70．
句意：离开教室时把灯关掉。此处是when引导的时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，leave是动词，离开，此处用现在分词，故填leaving。
71．(p)ast
72．(b)ecause
73．(b)etween
74．(m)ain
75．(u)sually
76．(d)uring
77．(b)oth
78．(n)umber
79．(e)xample
80．(e)njoyed
【分析】
本文是说明文，介绍了中国古代的餐饮习俗。
71．
句意：过去的中国人像我们现在吃一日三餐吗？根据下文“before and during the Qin and Han dynasties, most people ate two meals a day”，结合首字母提示，可知是说过去的中国人，past符合语境，故填(p)ast。
72．
句意：他们没有足够的食物，因为那时农业还不发达。根据题干“They didn’t have enough food…farming was still undeveloped at this time”和首字母提示，可知前后是因果关系，需用because连接，故填(b)ecause。
73．
句意：通常，人们在早上7点到9点之间吃早餐。根据题干“people had breakfast…7 and 9 a.m.”和首字母提示，可知是说早上7点到9点之间，between…and…“在……两者之间”符合语境，故填(b)etween。
74．
句意：他们的早餐作为他们的主食，比他们的下午饭还要丰盛。根据下文“was heartier than their afternoon meal”和首字母提示，可知古人把早餐作为主食，main“主要的”符合语境，故填(m)ain。
75．
句意：但穷人通常不会这么做。设空处作状语需用副词，根据题干“poor people didn’t…do it”和首字母提示，可知是说穷人通常不像富人那样一天吃三顿饭，usually符合语境，故填(u)sually。
76．
句意：随着农业的发展和国家的富裕，一日三餐在隋唐时期变得很普遍。根据下文“the Sui and Tang dynasties”和首字母提示，可知是说在隋唐时期，during“在……期间”符合语境，故填(d)uring。
77．
句意：例如，唐代诗人白居易和贾岛都在诗中提到了午餐。根据上文“Bai Juyi and Jia Dao”和首字母提示，可知白居易和贾岛两人都在诗中提到了午餐，both表示“两者都”，符合语境，故填(b)oth。
78．
句意：很久以前，一个人一天吃多少顿饭很大程度上取决于他的经济制度、社会地位和风俗习惯。根据题干“the…of meals someone ate a day largely”和首字母提示，可知是说吃多少顿饭的数量，the number of表示“……的数量”，是固定短语，故填(n)umber。
79．
句意：例如，在汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)，皇帝享受一日四餐。根据语境，这里是以汉代皇帝和清代皇帝为例，结合首字母提示，可知是固定短语for example“例如”，故填(e)xample。
80．
句意：例如，在汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)，皇帝享受一日四餐。由“four meals a day”和首字母提示，可知是皇帝才会有的待遇，enjoy“享受”符合语境；结合during the Han Dynasty可知动词用过去式，故填(e)njoyed。
81．(c)ountries
82．(l)eave
83．(f)ar
84．(f)ind
85．(w)rite
86．(v)isit
87．(o)wn
88．(i)mportant
89．(h)ow
90．(e)ven
【分析】
本文讲述了美国的家庭情况、美国孩子在家所做的事情以及美国的孩子长大后离开家后，是怎样和他们的父母联系的。
81．
句意：大多数的美国家庭都小于其他国家的家庭。前文提到了美国家庭，此处应是和其他国家对比，结合首字母可知填country的复数形式，故填(c)ountries。
82．
句意：美国的孩子将会离开他们父母的家。根据后文“When they grow up...on holiday.”可知，后面讲到了当他们长大之后怎样跟父母联系，则此处表示的是他们会离开父母的家，此处位于will后面，用leave原形即可，故填(l)eave。
83．
句意：他们通常住得离他们的父母很远。根据后文“because they want to ...jobs.”可知，他们远离父母是因为想找到好工作，结合首字母和短语搭配far away from，故填(f)ar。
84．
句意：因为他们想找到好工作。根据首字母和后面的“jobs”可知，此处表达的是“找到好工作”，故填(f)ind。
85．
句意：他们经常写信给他们的父母或给他们打电话。根据首字母和后面的“telephone them”可知，此处表达的是“写信给他们的父母”，故填(w)rite。
86．
句意：他们经常在假期去看望父母。根据首字母和后面的“on holiday”可知，此处表达的是“在假期看望他们的父母”，故填(v)isit。
87．
句意：父母通常让孩子选择自己的工作。根据首字母及短语结构“one’s own+名词”表“某人自己的……”可知，此处表“他们自己的工作”，故填(o)wn。
88．
句意：美国人认为年轻人决定自己的生活是重要的。根据首字母及后面的“to decide on their lives by themselves”可知，此处表达的是“决定自己的生活是重要的”，故填(i)mportant。
89．
句意：在很多美国家庭，孩子们很乐意做一些家务活，这样他们能学会如何赚钱供自己用。根据首字母和后面的“to make money”可知，此处表达的是“如何赚到钱”，故填(h)ow。
90．
句意：但是我认为时间甚至比金钱更重要。根据首字母和后面的“more important”，此处是修饰比较级的词even，故填(e)ven。
91．(i)nto
92．(w)ith
93．(a)rrived
94．(h)appily
95．(s)ave
96．(q)uickly
97．(w)onderful
98．(o)urselves
99．(i)nterest
100．(q)uite
【分析】
伦敦眼是伦敦的一个著名景点。本文主要讲述了去年我去游览伦敦眼的过程。
91．
句意：在那里你可以进入密封舱，欣赏伦敦城的美景。根据空后“a capsule（密封舱）”和首字母提示可知，空处应是into，进入。故填(i)nto。
92．
句意：去年夏天我和一个朋友参观了伦敦眼。根据空后“a friend”和首字母提示可知，空处应是with，和……一起。故填(w)ith。
93．
句意：当我们到达滑铁卢车站时，他已经算出了我们要去的地方。根据空后“at Waterloo Station”和首字母提示可知，空处应是arrive，到达；句子是一般过去时，动词应用过去式arrived。故填(a)rrived。
94．
句意：他高兴地笑了。根据空前“smiled”和首字母提示可知，空处应是happily，高兴地，副词。故填(h)appily
95．
句意：当我们到达伦敦眼时，有一个很长的等候队伍，所以为了节省时间，我去买票时，他一直在排队。根据后句“he stayed in the line while I went to buy the ticket.”和首字母提示可知，空处应是save，节省，动词；为了干某事：in order to do sth.。故填(s)ave。
96．
句意：当人们上车时，密封舱不会完全停止，所以你必须快速进入。根据前句“The capsule doesn’t completely stop when people get on,”和首字母提示可知，空处应是quickly，快速地，副词。故填(q)uickly。
97．
句意：景色好极了。根据后句“We took many photos of the view and of o….”和首字母提示可知，空处应是wonderful，精彩的，形容词。故填(w)onderful。
98．
句意：我们拍了许多风景和我们自己的照片。根据空前“view”和首字母提示可知，空处应是ourselves，我们自己，反身代词。故填(o)urselves。
99．
句意：如果你对去那里感兴趣，我想给你一些建议。take an interest in，对……感兴趣。故填(i)nterest。
100．
句意：有时，即使天气晴朗，车轮顶部也会相当凉爽。根据空前“the top of the wheel”和首字母提示可知，空处应是quite，很、相当，副词。故填(q)uite。
101．(s)tarted
102．(f)rozen
103．(s)uccess
104．(w)inter
105．(d)isappears
106．(r)eal
107．(e)verything
108．(n)atural
109．(a)ward
110．(f)lights
【分析】
文章介绍了瑞士的冰屋酒店，介绍了其经营的时间、设施及到达的交通方式。
101．
句意：这一切都始于1990年。根据“So how did this idea come about?”以及“It all...in 1990.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是start“开始”，描述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)tarted。
102．
句意：一位法国艺术家在冰冻的Tome河上的一个人造冰屋中举行了他的展览的开幕。根据“a man-made igloo (冰屋) on the...Tome River”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是frozen“结冰的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，故填(f)rozen。
103．
句意：这座冰屋非常成功。根据“it attracted many visitors”及首字母提示可知，冰屋是成功的，空前有great修饰，此处应用名词形式，故填(s)uccess。
104．
句意：该酒店位于北极圈上空200公里处，只在冬季开放。根据“Because the ice...in the spring time.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是酒店只在冬季开放，故填(w)inter。
105．
句意：因为春天的时候冰就会消失。根据“the hotel is only open during the...months.”首字母及常识可知，春天到来的时候，冰就会融化消失，disappear“消失”，陈述事实应用一般现在时，主语是ice，动词用三单形式，故填(d)isappears。
106．
句意：但是这家旅馆有你在真正的旅馆里能找到的设施吗？根据“have any of the facilities you find in a...hotel?”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是real“真正的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，作定语，故填(r)eal。
107．
句意：事实上，冰屋酒店似乎什么都有。根据“the famous ‘Absolut IceBar’ an ice art...you can enjoy...”及首字母提示可知，冰屋酒店什么有真正的酒店有的一切，everything“一切，所有东西”，故填(e)verything。
108．
句意：当然，你还可以欣赏酒店周围的自然风光。根据“There is a snowmobile travel which takes you across the snowfields. And if you’re feeling brave, you can drive the snowmobile yourself”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是可以享受自然风景，natural“自然的”，是形容词修饰其后的名词，作定语，故填(n)atural。
109．
句意：事实上，它在2017年获得了“瑞典最佳体验”奖。根据“it won the “Best Experience in Sweden”...in 2017”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是award“奖项”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(a)ward。
110．
句意：每天都有航班和火车。根据“it’s not impossible to get there.”及首字母提示可知，此处是flight“航班”，与trains构成并列，此处应用复数名词，故填(f)lights。
111．(t)ired
112．(w)elcome
113．(g)rows
114．(h)igh
115．(y)ears
116．(b)eans
117．(c)ollect
118．(n)o
119．(s)tayed
120．(f)rom
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了咖啡的作用，咖啡的种植以及咖啡的历史。
111．
句意：你感觉劳累吗？那就喝点咖啡！根据“feel”可知此处填形容词，结合和首字母可知此处需要填写“劳累的”tired，故填(t)ired。
112．
句意：你想要在家接待你的朋友们吗？那就一起喝咖啡吧！根据“want to”可知此处需要填写动词，结合句意可知是在家招待朋友，首字母是“w”，单词应该是welcome，故填(w)elcome。
113．
句意：咖啡生长在热带国家的树上。从句子结构上看可知此处需要动词“生长”grow，全文是一般现在时，coffee作主语，动词需要填写第三人称单数形式，故填(g)rows。
114．
句意：这些树不太高，他们不到四米高。根据前面的“not very tall” 和“4 meters”可知这里需要填“高的”，结合首字母可知需要填high，故填(h)igh。
115．
句意：当树长到5岁时，果实就开始生长。表达年龄，数字超过1，year需要用复数形式，five years old“5岁”，故填(y)ears。
116．
句意：我们把咖啡种子叫作咖啡豆。根据下文“Workers collect the coffee beans by hand.”可知此处需要表达咖啡豆，再根据前面“seeds”可知此处“豆子”需要填写复数形式，故填(b)eans。
117．
句意：工人手工收集咖啡豆。根据后一句“There are no machines for collecting coffee beans.”可知没有机器收咖啡豆，只能是手工收集，“收集咖啡豆”表达为collect coffee beans，故填(c)ollect。
118．
句意：没有机器可以来收集咖啡豆。根据前一句“Workers collect the coffee beans by hand.”说明目前没有可以收集咖啡豆的机器，需要修饰后面的“machines”，故填(n)o。
119．
句意：这些动物整晚都保持清醒。根据咖啡的功效，结合前一句“People saw animals eating the leaves and fruit of coffee plants.”可知人们看见有动物吃了咖啡树的叶子和果实，可以判断他们整晚保持清醒；再根据动词“saw”可知此处需要用动词stay的过去式，故填(s)tayed。
120．
句意：他们大约在700年前开始用咖啡制作饮品。结合文意可知此处的“a drink”来自咖啡，故填(f)rom。
121．(h)urry
122．(w)hen
123．(w)ater
124．(s)wimming
125．(w)indow
126．(t)hey
127．(h)ouse
128．(t)urned
129．(l)ate
130．(r)eached
【分析】
本文讲述了一个小男孩在家门前的河中游泳时的惊险经历，小男孩突然遭遇到鳄鱼，男孩的母亲急忙去帮助孩子，但晚了一步，小男孩还是被鳄鱼抓住了。
121．
句意：他急忙潜入凉爽的河里，从后门跑了出去，走的时候把鞋子和衬衫落在后面。由后半句可知小男孩很着急去游泳，所以急急忙忙潜入河中，急忙in a hurry，故填(h)urry。
122．
句意：他急忙潜入凉爽的河里，从后门跑了出去，走的时候把鞋子和衬衫落在后面。此处引导时间状语从句，当......时候，故填(w)hen。
123．
句意：他跳入水中，没有意识到当他游向河中央时，一只短吻鳄正向他游来。前面提到小河，这里应该是跳入水中，故填(w)ater。
124．
句意：他跳入水中，没有意识到当他游向河中央时，一只短吻鳄正向他游来。鳄鱼靠近小男孩，应该是正在游过来，故填(s)wimming。
125．
句意：在房子里，他的母亲正看着窗外。后文提到小男孩的母亲从屋内看到了男孩和鳄鱼，那么应该是从窗户看向外面，故填(w)indow。
126．
句意：当他们越来越近时，她看到了他们。母亲看到了小男孩和鳄鱼离得越来越近，这里缺少代词，且在句子中作主语，故填(t)hey。
127．
句意：在极度恐惧中，她冲出房子，跑向水边，尽可能大声地对儿子喊叫。小男孩的母亲跑向河边，应该是从房子里冲出来，故填(h)ouse。
128．
句意：听到她的声音，小男孩变得警觉起来，转身向母亲游去。小男孩在听到母亲的叫喊后，觉察到了危险，应该是转身游向母亲，转身turn around，整个故事发生在过去，用一般过去时态，故填(t)urned。
129．
句意：但为时已晚。后文说到小男孩还是被鳄鱼抓住，说明母亲还是晚了一步，故填(l)ate。
130．
句意：就在母亲抓到儿子的时候，鳄鱼也抓住了男孩。由also可知鳄鱼和男孩的母亲是同时抓住男孩的，故填(r)eached。
131．(a)llows
132．(f)ree
133．(m)inutes
134．(e)specially
135．(w)atching
136．(t)heir
137．(s)ee
138．(w)ith
139．(t)rouble
140．(s)o
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抖音在中国非常流行，尤其深受青少年喜欢，但是由此也引起一些问题。
131．
句意：在国外名为Tik Tok的简短视频应用程序——抖音，允许人们制作和分享带有背景音乐和特效的视频。The short-form video App-Douyin是主语，named Tik Tok outside China是后置定语，后接谓语动词，根据首字母a，以及常识可知抖音允许人们运用背景音乐和特殊的效果来创作分享视频，allow动词，意为“允许”，本文主体时态是一般现在时，故填(a)llows。
132．
句意：用户可以在抖音上免费做这些。根据首字母f，可知for free“免费地”，符合题意。故填(f)ree。
133．
句意：这些视频的长度是15秒到几分钟。由“ 15 seconds”以及首字母m，可知，这里表示“几分钟”，minute是名词，意为“分钟”，a few后面加可数名词复数形式，故填(m)inutes。
134．
句意：青少年尤其喜欢这些视频。根据下文“Over 50% of first-year and second-year junior high school students said they enjoyed...these short videos. About 47% of junior high school students have posted...own videos.”以及首字母可知，especially副词，表示尤其、特别。符合题意。故填(e)specially。
135．
句意：50%多的初一和初二学生说他们喜欢现看短视频。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事；根据首字母w，可知这里表示“看这些视频”。watch是动词，意为“看”。故填(w)atching。
136．
句意：大约47%的初中生上传他们自己的视频。one’s own表示“某人自己的”，主语是“About 47% of junior high school students”，所以这里用their指代“这些学生的”，故填(t)heir。
137．
句意：这些视频让少年看到他们平时看不到的有趣和刺激的东西。let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，所以这里填动词原形，结合首字母s，see看见，符合题意。故填(s)ee。
138．
句意：很多青少年也喜欢和别人分享他们做的有趣的事情。share sth. with sb.表示和某人分享某事，首字母是w，故填(w)ith。
139．
句意：然而，这些短视频也会引起一些麻烦。根据下文“Some students spend too much time watching them”可知，这些短视频也会引起麻烦，结合首字母t，可知trouble麻烦，符合题意。故填(t)rouble。
140．
句意：一些学生花太多时间观看视频，所以他们没有足够的时间学习。分析句子可知，这里填连词，根据前后两个句子构成因果关系，结合首字母s，so所以，符合上下语境。故填(s)o。
141．(g)overnment
142．(s)lowly
143．(f)uture
144．(l)ike
145．(H)aving
146．(b)ecause
147．(s)haring
148．(f)ight
149．(y)oung
150．(a)ccept
【分析】
本文主要介绍了随着社会的发展，中国人口政策由“一孩政策”转向“二孩政策”，以及论述了有兄弟姐妹的好处。
141．
句意：为了解决人口问题，我们政府决定实行“一孩政策”。此处作主语，其前被形容词性物主代词our限定，可知填名词。government意为“政府”，是名词，符合语境，故填(g)overnment。
142．
句意：这个政策出台一段时间后，尽管它确实帮助使人口增长缓慢下来，但像老龄化这样的问题也变得明显了。此处修饰动词grow，可知用副词。根据常识，一孩政策是为了使人口增长慢下来，slowly意为“缓慢地”，是副词，故填(s)lowly。
143．
句意：随着一孩政策的结束，许多中国孩子在将来可能会有一个弟弟或妹妹。根据后文在说“开放二胎”的政策，可知此处指孩子们将来会有弟弟或妹妹。in the future意为“在将来”，故填(f)uture。
144．
句意：但是你的生活有了个弟弟或妹妹后会是怎样的呢？此处在想象家庭里有二胎后的生活是怎样的，be like意为“像……”，其中like为介词，故填(l)ike。
145．
句意：有一个弟弟或妹妹会让你远离一些坏情绪，例如孤独和恐惧。此处作主语，应该用名词或动名词。have意为“拥有”，是动词，符合语境，用其动名词形式，故填(H)aving。
146．
句意：你可能在家再也不会感到孤独了，因为有人和你玩、分享秘密。此处表示原因，应该用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
147．
句意：你可能在家再也不会感到孤独了，因为有人和你玩、分享秘密。此处和其前“playing with you”作并列后置定语的成分，所以也用现在分词形式。share secrets with sb.意为“和某人分享秘密”，故填(s)haring。
148．
句意：当然了，有时你可能会和他/她吵架或甚至打架，但你们很快就会和好。此处和其前argue一起作并列谓语成分，在情态动词may后，所以填动词原形。fight意为“打架”，是动词，符合语境，故填(f)ight。
149．
句意：虽然现在我国鼓励人们多生孩子，但多数年轻人因为工作和家庭的压力并不想要更多孩子。此处修饰其后名词people，可知用形容词作定语。young people意为“年轻人”，符合语境，故填(y)oung。
150．
句意：可能人们还要花很长时间才能接受这个新政策。此处在不定式符号to后，可知填动词原形。accept意为“接受”，是动词，符合语境，故填(a)ccept。
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