开学活动
搜索
    上传资料 赚现金

    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers 课件

    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第1页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第2页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第3页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第4页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第5页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第6页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第7页
    1.3.1 第1课时 有理数的加法法则 Addition of Rational Numbers第8页
    还剩19页未读, 继续阅读
    下载需要10学贝 1学贝=0.1元
    使用下载券免费下载
    加入资料篮
    立即下载

    人教版七年级上册1.3.1 有理数的加法说课ppt课件

    展开

    这是一份人教版七年级上册1.3.1 有理数的加法说课ppt课件,共27页。PPT课件主要包含了我是火炬手,东East,加数异号,加数的绝对值不相等,相同符号,结果是0,仍是这个数,有理数的加法法则等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    1.了解有理数加法的意义,理解有理数加法法则的合理性.Understand the meaning f ratinal number additin and the ratinality f ratinal number additin rules.2.能运用该法则准确进行有理数的加法运算.(重点)Be able t use the additin rules f ratinal numbers accurately.3.探索有理数加法法则的过程,理解并掌握有理数加法的法则.(难点)Explre the prcess f ratinal number additin rule, understand and master the rule f ratinal number additin.
    (+1) +(-1)=
    动物王国举办奥运会,蚂蚁当火炬手,它第一次从数轴上的原点上向正方向跑一个单位,接着向负方向跑一个单位.蚂蚁经过两次运动后在哪里?如何列算式?
    一只可爱的小狗,在一条东西走向的笔直公路上行走,现规定向东为正,向西为负.A lvely little dg walks n a straight east-west rad. It is nw stipulated that East is psitive and West is negative.
    如果小狗先向东行走2米,再继续向东行走1米,则小狗两次一共向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 2 meters t the East and then cntinues t walk 1 meter t the East, hw many meters did the dg walk ,in which directin?
    解:小狗一共向东行走了(2+1)米,写成算是为:
    (+2)+(+1)= +(2+1)(m)
    如果小狗先向西行走2米,再继续向西行走1米,则小狗两次一共向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 2 meters t the West and then cntinues t walk 1 meter t the West, hw many meters did the dg walk, in which directin?
    解:两次行走后,小狗向西走了(2+1)米.用算式表示:
    (- 2)+(- 1)= -(2 + 1)(m)
    你从上面两个式子中发现了什么?
    同号两数相加,取相同的符号,并把绝对值相加.Add tw numbers with the same sign, take the same sign, and add the abslute values.
    有理数加法法则一 Ratinal number additin rule 1:
    如果小狗先向西行走3米,再继续向东行走2米,则小狗两次一共向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 3 meters t the West and then cntinues t walk 2 meters t the East, hw many meters did the dg walk ,in which directin ?
    小狗两次一共向西走了(3-2)米.用算式表示为:
    -3+(+2)=-(3-2)(m)
    如果小狗先向西行走2米,再继续向东行走3米,则小狗两次一共向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 2 meters t the West and then cntinues t walk 3 meters t the East, hw many meters did the dg walk in which directin twice?
    小狗两次一共向东走了(3-2)米.用算式表示为:
    -2+(+3)=+(3-2)(m)
    如果小狗先向西行走2米,再继续向东行走2米,则小狗两次一共向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 2 meters t the West and then cntinues t walk 2 meters t the East, hw many meters did the dg walk ,in which directin ?
    (-2)+(+2)= 0(m)
    解:小狗一共行走了0米.写成算式为:
    -2 + (+3) = +(3-2) -3 + (+2)= -(3-2) -2 + (+2)= (2-2)
    你从上面三个式子中发现了什么?What d yu find frm the abve three frmulas?
    有理数加法法则二:Ratinal number additin rule 2
    异号两数相加,绝对值相等时和为0;绝对值不相等时,取绝对值较大的加数的符号,并用较大的绝对值减去较小的绝对值.Tw numbers with different signs are added. When the abslute values are equal, the sum is 0; When the abslute values are nt equal, take the sign f the addend with the larger abslute value and subtract the smaller abslute value frm the larger abslute value.
    如果小狗先向西行走3米,然后在原地休息,则小狗向哪个方向行走了多少米?If the dg walks 3 meters westward and then rests in place, in which directin did the dg walk ,hw many meters?
    小狗向西行走了3米.写成算式为:
    (-3)+0= -3(m)
    有理数加法法则三:Ratinal number additin rule 3
    一个数同0相加,仍得这个数.
    有理数加法法则 Ratinal number additin rule
    (1)同号两数相加,结果取相同符号,并把绝对值相加.Add tw numbers with the same sign, take the same sign as the result, and add the abslute values.(2)异号两数相加,结果取绝对值较大的加数的符号,并将较大的绝对值减较小的绝对值.互为相反数的两个数相加得0.When tw numbers with different signs are added, the sign f the addend with the larger abslute value is taken, and the larger abslute value is subtracted frm the smaller abslute value. The additin f tw ppsite numbers is 0.(3)一个数同0相加,仍得这个数. The additin f a number and 0 is still this number.
    Example 1 Calculate:(1)(-4)+(-8);(2)(-5)+13;(3)0+(-7); (4)(-4.7)+4.7.
    Slutin:(1)(-4)+(-8)     =-(4+8)     =-12 (2)(-5)+13=+(13-5)=8 (3)0+(-7)=-7 (4)(-4.7)+3.9=-(4.7-3.9)=-0.8
    互为相反意义的量可以全部抵消或部分抵消.Quantities with ppsite meanings can be cancelled in whle r in part.
    通过有理数加法法则的学习,你们认为如何进行有理数加法运算呢?Thrugh the study f ratinal number additin rule, hw d yu think t carry ut ratinal number additin?
    方法总结:1.先判断类型(同号、异号等)Judge the type first (same sign, different sign, etc.);2.再确定和的符号;Then decide the sign f the sum.3.最后进行绝对值的加减运算.Finally, peratins f abslute value.
    Example 2 Given that│a│= 8,│b│= 2; (1)When a、b have the same sign,find the value f a+b;(2)When a、b have the different sign,find the value f a+b.
    分析:先根据的a、b符号,分类讨论,再计算a+b的值
    解:因为│a│= 8,│b│= 2,所以a= ±8,b= ±2.
    (1)因为a、b同号,所以a= 8,b= 2或a= -8,b= -2.
    所以a+b= 8+2=10,或a+b=- 8+(-2)=-10.
    (2)因为a、b异号,所以a= 8,b=- 2或a= -8,b= 2.
    所以a+b= 8+(-2)=6,或a+b=- 8+2=-6.
    If |x-3| and |y+2| are ppsite numbers ,find the value f x+y.
    解:由题意得|x-3|+|y+2|=0,又|x-3|≥0,|y+2|≥0,所以x-3= 0,y+2=0,所以x=3 ,y=-2.
    所以x+y=3-2=1.
    例3 足球循环赛中,红队胜黄队4:1,黄队胜蓝队1:0,蓝队胜红队1:0,计算各队的净胜球数.Example 3 In the ftball rund rbin match, the red team wins the yellw team by 4:1, the yellw team wins the blue team by 1:0, and the blue team wins the red team by 1:0. Calculate the gals f each team.
    每个队的进球总数记为正数,失球总数记为负数,这两数的和为这队的净胜球数.The ttal number f gals scred by each team is recrded as a psitive number and the ttal number f gals lst is recrded as a negative number. The sum f these tw numbers is the team's gal.三场比赛中,红队共进4球,失2球,净胜球数为In the three games, the red team scred 4 gals, lst 2 gals and had a win f(+4)+(-2)=+(4-2)=2黄队共进2球,失4球,净胜球为 The yellw team scred 2 gals, lst 4 gals and had a win f(+2)+(-4)=-(4-2)=-2篮球共进( )球,失( )球,净胜球数为The blue team scred ( ) gals, lst ( ) gals and had a win f( ).
    (+1)+(-1)=0
    海平面的高度为0m.一艘潜艇从海平面先下潜40m,再上升15m.求现在这艘潜艇相对于海平面的位置.(上升为正,下潜为负)The height f the sea level is 0m. A submarine dives 40m frm the sea level and then rises 15m. Find the current psitin f the submarine relative t the sea level. (rising is psitive and diving is negative)
    解:潜水艇下潜40m,记作-40m;上升 15m,记作+15m.根据题意,得(-40)+(+15)=-(40-25)=-25(m)答:现在这艘潜艇位于海平面下25m处.
    1.两个有理数的和为零,则这两个有理数一定( ) A.都是零 B.至少有一个是零 C.一正一负 D.互为相反数2.在1,-1,-2这三个数中,任意两数之和的最大值是( ) A.1 B.0 C.-1 D.3
    A. a+c<0 B. b+c<0 C. -b+a<0 D.-a+b+c<0
    3.已知有理数a,b,c在数轴上的位置如图所示,则下列结论中错误的是( )
    A.1 B.-5 C.-5或-1 D.5或1
    4.若│x│= 3,│y│= 2,且x>y,则x+y的值为( )
    (1)(-0.6)+(-2.7);   (2)3.7+(-8.4); (3)3.22+1.78; (4)7+(-3.3). 
    答案:(1)-3.3 (2)-4.7 (3)5 (4)3.7
    解:中午的气温为-25+11=-14(℃), 夜间的气温为-14+(-13)=-27(℃)
    6.某城市一天早晨的气温是-25℃,中午上升了11℃,夜间又下降了13℃,那么这天中午、夜间的气温分别是多少?
    取绝对值较大的加数的符号

    相关课件

    初中数学人教版七年级上册第一章 有理数1.3 有理数的加减法1.3.1 有理数的加法习题课件ppt:

    这是一份初中数学人教版七年级上册第一章 有理数1.3 有理数的加减法1.3.1 有理数的加法习题课件ppt,共24页。

    人教版七年级上册1.3.1 有理数的加法习题课件ppt:

    这是一份人教版七年级上册1.3.1 有理数的加法习题课件ppt,共24页。

    2020-2021学年1.3.1 有理数的加法备课课件ppt:

    这是一份2020-2021学年1.3.1 有理数的加法备课课件ppt,共12页。PPT课件主要包含了教学目标,教学重难点,情景引入,我是火炬手,点击此处演示,教学设计,这个数,活动4例题与练习,例1计算,-3+9等内容,欢迎下载使用。

    英语朗读宝
    • 精品推荐
    • 所属专辑
    • 课件
    • 教案
    • 试卷
    • 学案
    • 其他
    欢迎来到教习网
    • 900万优选资源,让备课更轻松
    • 600万优选试题,支持自由组卷
    • 高质量可编辑,日均更新2000+
    • 百万教师选择,专业更值得信赖
    微信扫码注册
    qrcode
    二维码已过期
    刷新

    微信扫码,快速注册

    手机号注册
    手机号码

    手机号格式错误

    手机验证码 获取验证码

    手机验证码已经成功发送,5分钟内有效

    设置密码

    6-20个字符,数字、字母或符号

    注册即视为同意教习网「注册协议」「隐私条款」
    QQ注册
    手机号注册
    微信注册

    注册成功

    返回
    顶部
    Baidu
    map