江苏省新海高级中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期10月学情调研试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份江苏省新海高级中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期10月学情调研试卷（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年江苏省新海高级中学高一年级10月学情调研测试
英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Wife and husband. C. Strangers.
2. What is Counter Strike?
A. A football. B. A computer game. C. A movie.
3. Who will be responsible for the accident according to the woman?
A. The other driver. B. Dana. C. The man.
4. What did the man do last night?
A. He got married to Barbara.
B. He took part in a formal dance.
C. He proposed(求婚) to Barbara.
5. Which country may be a new destination(目的地) for Chinese who want to study abroad?
A. America. B. France. C. England.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Which building is a four - story one?
A. The gym. B. The library. C. The fast food restaurant.
7. Where is the noodle shop?
A. Just behind the American - style fast food restaurant.
B. Across the street from school.
C. Next to the gym.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why does the man look so tired?
A. He surfed the Internet in the classroom for a long time.
B. He carried the overhead projector(投影仪) from the basement to the fifth floor.
C. He had to go to the classroom on the fifth floor.
9. What does the man think has changed education?
A. The overhead projector. B. A multimedia classroom. C. Modern advances.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When did the woman meet John and Eric?
A. When she did some outdoor activities with some students.
B. When she had a meeting in the Mountain Climbing Club.
C. When she was at Pizza Hut.
11. Who comes from America?
A. John. B. Eric. C. The woman.
12. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?
A. The two guys - John and Eric. B. Jade Mountain. C. Eric and the woman’s date.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman’s Plan A?
A. Going to travel around some countries like Thailand, Japan and Malaysia.
B. Going back to her country to see her parents and old friends.
C. Going to the States with some friends.
14. When will the woman ask her parents for the money.
A. When she comes back to the States.
B. When she is probably ill.
C. When it is an emergency.
15 Why does the man think they are going to have a wonderful vacation?
A They will get together again including Zhang Hua and Li Ming during their vacation.
B. The woman will go to her hometown.
C. They will not spend too much money on their vacation.
16. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the speech take place?
A. On the flight. B. In the waiting hall. C. On the bus.
18. What’s the destination of this flight?
A. China. B.The States. C. Not mentioned.
19. How long will the journey be?
A. 2 hours and 30 minutes.
B. 12 hours and 30 minutes.
C. 20 hours and 30 minutes.
20. Where can the passengers find Dynasty magazine?
A. In the seat pocket.
B. Near the seat belts.
C. By the windows.
第二部分:阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。
A
Kids Connect is a camp specifically for children with physical and mild (轻微的) intellectual disabilities aged 9-16(Individual consideration given to those over the age of 16). It is held in Blockhouse Bay, Auckland. Sometimes we require meeting a child before camp to make sure we are able to meet their needs during the camp.
Our camps are conducted by experienced staff. We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend. Our aim is that every child comes away with lasting memories of what they have experienced, explored and enjoyed at our camp.
We focus on building strong, healthy relationships with other children (with and without physical disabilities) and with group leaders.
We have a weekend packed full of activities, action and fun.
·Team games and competitions, songs
·Orienteering (定向越野) on a wheelchair accessible track
·Quad bikes (四轮摩托车)
·Craft
·Discussions, great food and loads of fun!
The camp fee is about $135(subject to change). We also accept payment by way of Ministry of Health carer support forms.
Day visits and fees can be organised on an individual basis if a full weekend stay is unsuitable.
For a registration form or for more information, please email info@cbm.org.nz or phone 09 630 527
Kids Connect Box 8774, Symonds Street Auckland 1150 Website: www.cbm.org.nz
1. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain the aim of the camp. B. To talk about camping experiences.
C. To describe the programs of the camp. D. To attract children to the camp.
2. What can children do at the camp?
A. Carry out research activities. B. Practice favorite hobbies.
C. Enjoy outdoor activities. D. Learn to cook.
3. Who is the text probably written for?
A. Teachers. B. Parents C. Travelers D. Teenagers.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个周末度假营，这个度假营主要针对9~16岁有生理缺陷和轻微智力缺陷的青少年。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids Connect is a camp specifically for children with physical and mild (轻微的) intellectual disabilities aged 9-16(Individual consideration given to those over the age of 16).( Kids Connect是一个专门为9-16岁有身体和轻微智力障碍的儿童（16岁以上的儿童可单独考虑）的夏令营)”和第二段“Our camps are conducted by experienced staff. We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend. Our aim is that every child comes away with lasting memories of what they have experienced, explored and enjoyed at our camp.(我们的营地由经验丰富的工作人员管理。我们尽一切努力给您的孩子一个安全和愉快的周末。我们的目标是让每个孩子都能对他们在我们的营地所经历、探索和享受的事情留下持久的回忆。)”可知这是一篇关于度假营的广告。广告类性质的文体都是为了起到宣传推广的作用，本文旨在吸引青少年去参加这个度假营。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中的“Orienteering on a wheelchair accessible track(在轮椅无障碍轨道上进行定向越野)”和“Quad bikes(四轮摩托车)”可知，孩子们在营地可以享受户外活动。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We take every effort to give your children a safe and enjoyable weekend.(我们竭尽全力让您的孩子度过一个安全愉快的周末)”可知这篇广告的读者主要是父母，文章是写给父母的。故选B。
B
“I have cancer.”Mom said and held me in a tight hug.I could feel her chest shaking as she tried not to cry but failed.
For all of my twenty-four years,my mom had been supportive.Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.Now I knew it would have to flow the other way.
Mom didn’t stay down for long.After the shock of breast-cancer,she armed herself with a notebook and a pen and a thousand questions for the doctors.She took notes on white blood cell counts and medications(药物)with long names as though she were studying for entrance exams into medical school.”The not-knowing is the worst.”she said.
The operation was successful.The chemo(化疗)was the harder part.I went with Mom to every chemo treatment.She rarely complained,though her hair was gone and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”Cancer can take my hair,my nails,my health,my very life. But it can’t take my smile.”Mom said.
Mom learned to share her fears with me,and it formed an even deeper bond between us.Yet I am certain there were fears she didn’t share because she was still protecting me-worries she only shared with Dad.Even in the darkest hours,she would just joke about the cancer. Mom always said,”When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it,you take away some of its power.”
Mom was one of the lucky ones.She did beat her cancer,though not without scars.From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.
4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. There were other ways to treat cancer.
B. Knowledge of cancer would be helpful.
C. Mom had to stay stronger to beat cancer.
D. I should be the one being there for Mom.
5. Which of the following words can best describe Mom?
A. Humorous and generous.
B. Considerate and ambitious.
C. Optimistic and determined.
D. Caring and knowledgeable.
6. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. The fear Mom shared with me.
B. The ways Mom faced fear.
C The jokes Mom told me.
D The bond Mom and I formed.
7. What lesson did the author learn from Mom?
A. Luck counts in beating diseases.
B. Complaint does no good to one’s health.
C. Positive attitudes get one through hardship for
D. Sharing feelings helps reduce sufferings a lot.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述妈妈与癌症作抗争的过程中保持积极乐观态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。
【4题详解】
句意推测题。由前一句“Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.”母亲给予我很多关爱和支持，下一句中“the other way around”意思为从相反方向，可知此处暗含的意思为现在轮到作者给母亲关爱和支持。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。从第四段的第三句“.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”可知妈妈虽然因化疗失去指甲，但仍能保持乐观态度，开玩笑说没有了指甲可以省下钱指甲油的钱来付医药费。以及，从第二段妈妈拿着纸和笔问医生各种各样有关癌症的问题，能看出妈妈战胜病魔的决心。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。第五段，妈妈“ learned to share her fears with me”“she would just joke about the cancer”，这些都是妈妈在面对恐惧所采取的应对办法。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句“From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.”可知，作者从妈妈身上学到了，“无法选择要面对的事情，但是可以选则用何种方式面对自己的遭遇”，而妈妈就是乐观面对病魔。故选C项。
C
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers’ argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don’t dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
8. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A. Help increase grocery sales.
B. Recycle the waste material.
C. Stop things falling off trucks.
D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.
9. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Bans on plastic bags.
B. Effects of city development.
C. Headaches caused by garbage.
D. Plastic bags hung in trees.
10. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A. They are quite expensive.
B. Replacing them can be difficult.
C. They are less strong than plastic bags.
D. Producing them requires more energy.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither
B. Industry, Pollution and Environment
C. Recycle or Throw Away
D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋尽管容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.和第二段中plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.可知，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害，为使用塑料袋进行辩护。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到这种现状，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害。headwinds意为“逆风”，此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状，即Bans on plastic bags，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知，生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子需要更多的能源，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述了使用塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对比，Plastic, Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，最适合作为标题。故选A。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，要看懂全文的主要内容，明白了主要内容就能准确概括文章标题)。小题4要求概括标题，本文讲述了使用塑料袋造成的环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对比，Plastic, Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。
D
Tina Brigham, a 50 - year - old store owner from a suburb of Washington, DC, rose to the puzzles while waiting for customers. “If it’s a 30 - minute puzzle, I try to figure it out in 12, ” she said. After several years, she found she could easily put together employee work schedules in her head. “I think my brain seems sharper and more focused because of the game. ”, she said.
The games do seem to work. In one 2020 study, Gary Small, chair of psychiatry at Hackensack University Medical Center, found that 1, 091 women and men who often played cards, bingo, or did crossword puzzles had sharper thinking and memory skills… equal to an IQ up to 5. 6 points higher … than those who hardly did. The study doesn’t prove that the puzzles directly led to the higher IQs, but it does show that even people who increased their game - playing in their 70s seemed to get brain benefits within a few years.
Exactly how games sharpen memory and cognitive(认知的) function is still mysterious. But researchers has found how the brain reacts to all sorts of outside stimulation(刺激). Small later included 60 women and men finishing Latin squares. As the puzzles grew more difficult with fewer clues, players slowed down and made more mistakes. That’s when he discovered something surprising: More regions of the brain got involved, especially in the area involved with problem - solving, judgment, and memory.
Small suggests that if you find yourself debating whether to spend the next 20 minutes taking a walk or playing a brain game, you should choose the walk. Physical activity can help carry oxygen and fuel to your brain cells. “f you do one thing to help your brain, I’d say its exercise. ” he says. “Getting good steep and keep a balanced diet are also important. Brain games work best as part of a whole package of brain - healthy strategies(策略). And remember: A little fun never hurts.
12. How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1?
A. By report findings. B. By comparing facts.
C. By sharing a story. D. By presenting figures.
13. What can we know from Gary Small’s study?
A. How games sharpen minds has not been clearly understood.
B. People in their 70s benefit more from brain games.
C. Puzzles directly result in higher IQs when they play brain games.
D. Physical activities play an equally important role as brain games.
14. Why does the author mention good sleep and a healthy diet in the last paragraph?
A. To advocate good sleep and a balanced diet.
B. To explain that brain games function best as part of brain - healthy strategies.
C. To stress the importance of good sleep and a healthy diet.
D. To point out the measures that we should take to keep healthy.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Puzzles make brains sharp and focused.
B. Physical activities play an important role in sharp thinking.
C. Sharp memory and cognitive function depend largely on brain games.
D. Brain games are beneficial to memory skills and cognitive function.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们新发现玩智力游戏在一定程度上可以使人脑更加敏捷，但其中机制还有待研究。相比于完全依赖智力游戏，专家推荐需要将运动、睡眠、饮食、智力游戏结合起来形成一整套锻炼大脑的策略。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段作者分享了一家商店老板执着于智力游戏的故事，通过老板的自述“l think my brain seems sharper and more focused because of the game.(我认为因为这个游戏，我的大脑看起来更敏锐、更专注)”可知，作者通过分享一个故事引出本文话题。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Exactly how games sharpen memory and cognitive function is still something of a mystery.(游戏如何提高记忆力和认知功能仍然是个谜)”可得知，游戏如何提高智力还不清楚。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Getting good sleep and keep a balanced diet are also important. Brain games work best as part of a whole package of brain-healthy strategies.And remember. A little fun never hurts.(良好的睡眠和均衡的饮食也很重要。益智游戏作为大脑健康策略的一部分效果最好。记住:一点乐趣总不会有坏处)”可得知，光玩智力游戏并不是上上策，最好的策略是将运动、睡眠、饮食、智力游戏整合起来。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段通过故事引入，第二段讲述了智力游戏有助于提升智商，第三段讲述智力游戏大概如何对智商提升有益，根据最后一段“Getting good sleep and keep a balanced diet are also important. Brain games work bestas part of a whole package of brain-healthy strategies.And remember:A little fun never hurt.(良好的睡眠和均衡的饮食也很重要。益智游戏作为大脑健康策略的一部分效果最好。记住:一点乐趣总不会有坏处。)”可得知，最后一段讲相比于完全依赖智力游戏，专家推荐需要将运动、睡眠、饮食、智力游戏结合起来形成一整套锻炼大脑的策略。结合全文，文章主要内容是智力游戏对于记忆力和认知能力的作用。故选D项。
第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题25分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
Some students prefer to learn by themselves. They believe that they can learn better in this way because they have more freedom, pressure and independence. There is some truth in their way. ____16____ It is better to have a teacher, especially when they learn something more difficult.
Firstly, a teacher could act as a guide to lead you to success. When you learn, you need help and advice. A teacher will give you a hand when you face difficulties. ____17____
What’s more, a teacher always puts real pressure on you. If you study by yourself, you must be strong - minded enough to keep on. ____18____ But under the guidance of a teacher, you will feel there is always someone to watch you. The teacher may give you homework to do.
You have to complete the homework, or you will not pass the course.
Last but not least, studying with a teacher will help you receive the benefit of the teacher’s knowledge. ____19____. They teach students how to learn and how to obtain information. They guide all of you in class to discuss the material and provide extra material to broaden the scope of the topic.
____20____ I choose to learn in a big family--my school. Without a teacher, I would feel there would be no fun and no pressure. I could not learn well in such dull and depressing situation.
A. Teachers can help you solve all of vour problems.
B. In short, I prefer to go to class studying with a teacher
C. Without a guide, you would be searching in darkness.
D. And you may become inactive for lack of a strong will.
E. But they fail to see the advantages of learning with a teacher.
F. Additionally, teachers are closely connected with our life.
G. In class, teachers do more than just going over the material in the text.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有些学生喜欢自己独立学习，而作者认为需要有老师的指导，以及在学校这个大家庭中学习，才能更加有乐趣和浸有压力。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Some students prefer to learn by themselves. They believe that they can learn better in this way because they have more freedom, pressure and independence. There is some truth in their way.(有些学生喜欢自学。他们认为这样他们可以学得更好，因为他们有更多的自由，压力和独立。他们的说法有一定道理。)”和后句“It is better to have a teacher, especially when they learn something more difficult.(最好有一个老师，尤其是当他们学习比较困难的东西。)”可知，喜欢独自学习的学生没有看到跟着老师学习的好处。所以选择项E“But they fail to see the advantages of learning with a teacher.(但是他们没有看到跟着老师学习的好处。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Firstly, a teacher could act as a guide to lead you to success. When you learn, you need help and advice. A teacher will give you a hand when you face difficulties. (首先，老师可以作为一个向导引导你走向成功。当你学习时，你需要帮助和建议。当你面临困难时，老师会帮助你。)”可知，这里陈述缺少了老师的指导所带来的问题。所以选择项C“Without a guide, you would be searching in darkness. (没有指导，你将在黑暗中寻找。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前句“If you study by yourself, you must be strong - minded enough to keep on. (如果你自学，你必须有足够坚强的意志坚持下去。)”和后句“But under the guidance of a teacher, you will feel there is always someone to watch you. (但是在老师的指导下，你会觉得总有人在看着你。)”可知，缺少坚强的意志就可能会变得懒散。所以选择项D“And you may become inactive for lack of a strong will. (你可能会因为缺乏坚强的意志而变得不积极。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前句“Last but not least, studying with a teacher will help you receive the benefit of the teacher’s knowledge. (最后但并非最不重要的是，跟老师学习可以帮助你从老师的知识中受益。)”和后文“They teach students how to learn and how to obtain information. They guide all of you in class to discuss the material and provide extra material to broaden the scope of the topic. (他们教学生如何学习和如何获取信息。他们指导你们在课堂上讨论材料，并提供额外的材料来扩大主题的范围。)”可知，这里陈述接收老师知识的好处。所以选择项G“In class, teachers do more than just going over the material in the text. (在课堂上，老师所做的不仅仅是复习课文中的内容。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
这里是文章的总结。结合后文“I choose to learn in a big family--my school. Without a teacher, I would feel there would be no fun and no pressure. I could not learn well in such dull and depressing situation. (我选择在一个大家庭——我的学校里学习。没有老师，我会觉得没有乐趣和压力。在这样枯燥和压抑的情况下，我无法学好。)”可知，可知，作者倾向的是在学校学习。所以选择项B“In short, I prefer to go to class studying with a teacher. (总之，我更喜欢和老师一起上课。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
第三部分英语知识运用(共三节满分50分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. ——Thomas Macaulay
I attended a public school in New York some thirty years ago. One day, Mrs Nanette O’Neill gave a ____21____ in math to our class. To her surprise, when the papers were ____22____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
Actually, there is nothing really new about ____23____ in exams. Perhaps that was ____24____ Mrs O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to ____25____ after class. I was one of the twelve. Mrs O’Neill asked ____26____ questions, and she didn’t ____27____ us either. Instead, she wrote on the blackboard the ____28____ words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to ____29____ these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.
I don’t _____30_____ about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single _____31_____ of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay’s words, they _____32_____ seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give us a _____33_____ to measure ourselves rather than others. _____34_____ of us are asked to make _____35_____ decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many _____36_____ decisions. Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket or _____37_____ to the policeman? Should the _____38_____ change received at the store be forgotten or _____39_____? Nobody will know _____40_____ you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.
21. A. paper B. problem C. test D. lesson
22. A. examined B. marked C. completed D. answered
23. A. lying B. discussing C. guessing D. cheating
24. A. when B. how C. why D. what
25. A. come B. remain C. leave D. apologize
26. A. certain B. no C. many D. more
27. A. forgive B. reject C. blame D. help
28. A. common B. above C. following D. unusual
29. A. repeat B. get C. copy D. put
30. A. know B. hear C. worry D. talk
31. A. chance B. event C. memory D. lesson
32. A. even B. always C. still D. almost
33. A. sentence B. way C. choice D. reason
34. A. All B. Some C. Few D. Nothing
35 A. great B. wise C. quick D. personal
36. A. national B. personal C. collective D. group
37. A. turned out B. turned down C. turned over D. turned off
38. A. small B. extra C. some D. necessary
39. A. returned B. remembered C. shared D. paid
40. A. including B. beyond C. except D. from
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己读小学时一次作弊行为，被老师发现，要求抄写一句名言故事，阐述了衡量一个人真正品格的标准，是看他在知道永远不会被发现的情况下会做些什么（即君子慎独）的道理。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，Nanette O’Neill给我们班进行了一次数学测验。A. paper文件，试卷；B. problem问题；C. test测试；D. lesson功课。根据后文“twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test”可知，是一次测试。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，当评判试卷时，她发现有十二个男孩在整个测试过程中犯了完全雷同的错误。A. examined检查；B. marked评分；C. completed完成；D. answered回答。根据后文“she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test”可知，老师是评判试卷时，发现有雷同的。在故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事。A. lying说谎；B. discussing讨论；C. guessing猜测；D. cheating欺骗。根据前文“when the papers were ____2____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test”可知，考试中，学生作弊了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查表语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：也许这就是为什么O’Neill夫人对此只字不提的原因。A. when何时；B. how怎样；C. why为什么；D. what什么。根据语境和前文“there is nothing really new about ____3____ in exams”及后文“Mrs O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it”可知，这就是老师为什么不提作弊一事的原因。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只要求十二个男孩下课后留下来。A. come来；B. remain留下；C. leave离开；D. apologize道歉。根据后文“She then ordered us to ____9____ these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.”可知，老师让这些男孩留下来。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：O’Neill夫人没有问任何问题，也没有责怪我们。A. certain某个；B. no没有；C. many许多；D. more更多。根据后文“she didn’t ____7____ us either”可知，前文此处也是否定的，老师没有问问题。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：O’Neill夫人没有问任何问题，也没有责怪我们。A. forgive原谅；B. reject拒绝；C. blame责怪；D. help帮助。根据后文“Instead, she wrote on the blackboard the ____8____ words by Thomas Macaulay.”，结合选项可知，老师没有责怪学生。故选C项。
28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她在黑板上写下了上述Thomas Macaulay的这句话。A. common常见的；B. above上面的，上述的；C. following下列的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据文章第一段“The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.——Thomas Macaulay”以及后文“by Thomas Macaulay”可知，老师写的是上述Thomas Macaulay的这句话。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她命令我们把这句话在练习本上抄写一百遍。A. repeat重复；B. get得到；C. copy抄写；D. put放置。根据常识和后文“into our exercise-books one hundred times”可知，老师要求他们在练习本抄写一百遍。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道其他11个男孩的情况。A. know知道；B. hear听见；C. worry担心；D. talk谈话。根据后文“Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____11____ of my life.”可知，作者表示自己不了解其他男孩的情况，know about“了解，知道”。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我自己而言，我可以说：这是我一生中最重要的教训。A. chance机会；B. event事件；C. memory金钱；D. lesson功课，教训。根据后文“Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay’s words, they ____12____ seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give us a ____13____ to measure ourselves rather than others.”可知，作者把这件事看作是一生中最重要的教训。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我了解Macaulay的这句话三十年后，它们在我看来仍然是最好的衡量标准，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而不是他人的方式。A. even甚至；B. always总是；C. still仍然；D. almost几乎。根据语境和前文“Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay’s words”可知，三十年后，这句话仍然是最好的衡量标准。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我了解Macaulay的这句话三十年后，它们在我看来仍然是最好的衡量标准，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而不是他人的方式。A. sentence句子；B. way方式，方法；C. choice选择；D. reason理由。根据前文“the best yardstick”和后文“to measure ourselves rather than others”可知，这是一种衡量自己的方式。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：我们中很少有人被要求就国家是否参战或军队是否参战做出重大决定。A. All全部；B. Some一些；C. Few很少；D. Nothing什么也没有。根据常识和后文“But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many ____16____ decisions.”可知，可以做出国家或军队要干什么这样决定的人应该是很少的。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们中很少有人被要求就国家是否参战或军队是否参战做出重大决定。A. great伟大的，巨大的；B. wise明智的；C. quick迅速的；D. personal个人的。根据后文“about nations going to war or armies going to battle”可知，这些都是重大决定。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查形容（名）词词义辨析。句意：但是我们每个人每天都要做很多个人的决定。A. national国家的；B. personal个人的；C. collective集体的；D. group团体。对应前文“decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle.”，结合选项可知，此处指个人的决定。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在街上捡到的钱包应该放进口袋里还是交给警察？ A. turned out结果是；B. turned down调低，拒绝；C. turned over翻转，移交；D. turned off关闭。根据前文“Should the wallet, found in the street”以及“be put into a pocket”和后文“to the policeman”可知，此处探讨：捡到的钱包是放进自己口袋还是交给警察。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在商店收到的多找的额外零钱是否应该被忘记或退回？ A. small小的；B. extra额外的；C. some一些；D. necessary必要的。根据常识和后文“change received at the store”及“be forgotten”可知，此处指商店由于疏忽而多找给的额外的零钱。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在商店收到的多找的额外零钱是否应该被忘记或退回？A. returned归还，返回；B. remembered记住；C. shared分享；D. paid支付。根据前文“change received at the store”及“be forgotten”可知，此处探讨：在商店收到的多找给的额外零钱是假装不知道还是给商店退回去。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了你没人会知道。A. including包括；B. beyond超出；C. except除了；D. from从。根据前文“The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.”以及前文所讨论的情况可知，本文主要阐述了衡量一个人真正品格的标准，是看他在知道永远不会被发现的情况下会做些什么，所以，此处指“除了自己没有人会知道”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was pushed into writing the “top ten problems the young face” after I attended a school programme, where I had the opportunity to interact with many ____41____ (teenage). Each conversation was only adding one more item ____42____ the list of problems.
About two ____43____ (three) of girls in year nine to year twelve “worry about their appearance”. ____44____ there were no gender(性别) differences in worries about school, girls are____45____ (anxiety) about getting along with parents and what to do when they are older.
Girls are proven to worry more about personal problems and romantic relationship, and are more ____46____ (concern) about their own images in peer group. In fact, the only thing ____47____ boys worry about more than girls is succeeding in their physical activities.
____48____ parents need to do is to look at ways to help teens and take ____49____ (responsible) for what we are exposing our teens to right now. We cannot afford _____50_____ (ignore) the parental duties of bringing them up well from the time they are young.
Televisions, computers and other gadgets that they spend most of the time with cannot give them a bright future.
【答案】41. teenagers
42. to 43. thirds
44. While##Although##Though
45. anxious
46. concerned
47. that 48. What
49. responsibility
50. to ignore
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了年轻人所面临的一些问题并提出解决意见。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在参加了一个学校项目后，我被迫写下了“年轻人面临的十大问题”，在那里我有机会与许多青少年互动。根据前文with many可知，此处应用其名词的复数形式，作介词宾语。故填teenagers。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：每次对话都只是在问题列表上增加了一项。add…to…“将……增加到……，把……添加到……”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查数词。句意：大约三分之二的9到12年级的女孩“担心自己的外表”。“基数词+序数词”表达分数，符合句意，分子大于一，做分母的序数词应用复数。故填thirds。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管在对学校的担忧方面没有性别差异，但女孩对与父母相处以及长大后该做什么感到焦虑。后文“girls are____5____ (anxiety) about getting along with parents and what to do when they are older”和“there were no gender(性别) differences in worries about school”存在转折关系，应用连词while或although或though引导让步状语从句。句首字母大写，故填While/Although/Though。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管在对学校的担忧方面没有性别差异，但女孩对与父母相处以及长大后该做什么感到焦虑。be anxious about“对……感到焦虑”是固定搭配，应用其形容词anxious作表语。故填anxious。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：事实证明，女孩更担心个人问题和恋爱关系，更关心自己在同龄人中的形象。be concerned about“关心”是固定搭配，应用其形容词concerned作表语。故填concerned。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，男孩比女孩更担心的唯一一件事是在体育活动中取得成功。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the only thing，关系代词that引导从句，在从句中作宾语。定语从句中，当先行词是物，而又被the only 修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故填that。
【48题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：父母需要做的是寻找帮助青少年的方法，并为我们现在让青少年接触到的东西承担责任。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作宾语，意为“……的事”。句首字母大写，故填What。
【49题详解】
考查名词、固定短语。句意：父母需要做的是寻找帮助青少年的方法，并为我们现在让青少年接触到的东西承担责任。take responsibility for“对……负责”是固定短语，故用其名词responsibility（此处不可数）作宾语。故填responsibility。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不能忽视父母的责任，从他们小的时候就很好地抚养他们。afford to do sth“负担得起做某事，能做某事”是固定句式，动词不定式作宾语。故填to ignore。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据首字母或中文提示填写单词的正确形式。(用 Unit 1 和 Unit 2 词汇及派生词)
51. Teaching young children is a _________ (有挑战的) and rewarding job.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：教幼儿是一项富有挑战性和意义的工作。名词job前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示及句意，故填challenging。
52. The government needs a more_____ （灵活的） approach to education.(根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府需要更灵活的教育方法。根据汉语提示“灵活的”可知应填形容词flexible，作定语修饰名词approach。故填flexible。
53. ______________ ( 幸运地 ) , everything worked out all right in the end.
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，最后一切都很好。该空修饰整个句子，应该用副词。表示“幸运地”，应该用fortunately。故填Fortunately。
54. You have both a new desire for _________ （独立) and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】independence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你既渴望独立，又继续需要父母的爱和支持。介词for后接名词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填independence。
55. At the meeting, a _________ (提议)that he should take charge of the project came up. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】proposal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在会议上，提出了他负责这个项目的建议。设空处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知是proposal，前面有a修饰，用单数形式，故填proposal。
56. She does a lot of v _________ work for the Red Cross.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】voluntary##oluntary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她为红十字会做很多志愿工作。名词 work前用形容词修饰。根据首字母提示及句意，故填voluntary。
57. Chinese high school students have the most positive a _________ towards online learning, compared with those in the USA, Japan and the ROK. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】attitude##ttitude
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：与美国、日本和韩国高中生相比，中国高中生对在线学习的态度最为积极。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处使用名词attitude，由空前不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填attitude。
58. Open windows are an easy t _________ for the thief. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】target##arget
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：开着的窗户很容易成为小偷的目标。形容词easy后接名词形式。根据不定冠词an可知，用名词的单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填target。
59. She was chosen for the job on the b _________ of her outstanding ability. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】basis##asis
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她是根据自己突出的能力被选中做这项工作的。on the basis of固定短语，“根据，基于……”，符合句意，故填basis。
60. The country’s economic p _________ so far this year has been good. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】performance##erformance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：今年到目前为止，该国的经济表现一直不错。形容词economic后接名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填performance。
第四部分应用文写作(满分20分)
61. 为了帮助中学生健康成长，新海高中英语报开辟了专栏。假设你是该专栏的编辑李华，收到一封署名为Worried 的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近来容易发牌气，使得正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点：1.表示理解并给予安慰；
2.提出建议并说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Worried,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. What’s worse, this kind of symptom has affected your normal study and life. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry so much. The important thing is to adjust yourself so that you can have a normal life. Here are three useful tips:
First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting yourself. Second, go outdoors and play games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。为了帮助中学生健康成长，新海高中英语报开辟了专栏。假设你是该专栏的编辑李华，收到一封署名为Worried 的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近来容易发牌气，使得正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
更糟糕的是：What’s worse→ Still worse
建议：tips → suggestions
首先：First→ First of all
去除：get rid of→ cast off
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting yourself.
拓展句：This is a good way in which you can let your anger out without hurting yourself.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry so much.（运用了that引导的表语从句和when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Second, go outdoors and play games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）