陕西省西安高级中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题（Word版附解析）

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陕西省西安高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考
英语试题
说明：本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请将各题答案用0.5毫米黑色中性笔写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)说明：本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请将各题答案用0.5毫米黑色中性笔写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man doing?
A. Asking for help. B. Making suggestions. C.Asking for permission.
2. What are the two speakers doing?
A. Watching a film. B. Talking about a book. C. Listening to a record.
3. Where are the two speakers going?
A. To a restaurant. B. To a zoo. C. To a shop.
4. Where does this conversation take place?
A. At a food store. B. At a restaurant. C. At a vegetable market.
5. Why did Tim advise Jane not to skate on the ice?
A. Because he was busy. B. Because the ice was too thin. C.Because it was too cold.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6-7题。
6. Why doesn’t the woman want to see a doctor?
A. She has taken some medicine.
B. She is too busy.
C. She hates seeing a doctor.
7. What was the woman doing?
A. Having a rest. B.Having a rest C.Preparing for a test
听第7段材料，回答8-9题。
8. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a library. B. In a shop. C.In a restaurant.
9. How much does the woman want to spend on the gift?
A.$20. B.$30. C.$13.
听第8段材料，回答第10-12题。
10. What does the woman suggest the man do first?
A. Go out to enjoy himself.
B. Watch TV with her.
C. Do some reading.
11. Why doesn’t the man want to watch T’V?
A. Because he is always busy.
B. Because he finds it boring.
C. Because his wife doesn’t like to watch TV with him.
12. What will the man do at last?
A Go out to enjoy himself. B. Do their music. C. Read some books.
听第9段材料，回答第13-16题。
13. What does the man plan to do first?
A. Go swimming. B. Attend a meeting. C.See a film.
14. Why can’t the woman go swimming with the man?
A. Because she will attend a meeting.
B. Because she will have to see a film.
C. Because she will have to have supper.
15. Where will they meet in the evening?
A. At the woman’s home. B.At the man’s home. C. In a restaurant.
16. How will they go to see the film?
A. On foot. C.Buy bus. B.By car. C.By bus
听第10段材料，回答第17-20题。
17. What did Nelson Mandela and his fellow prisoners do at Christmas time?
A. They ate together. B. They danced. C.They sang.
18. What did Nelson Mandela take a strong interest in?
A. Music. B. Dancing. C.Sports.
19. When did Nelson Mandela form the eating strict habit in jail?
A. In the 1930s. B. In the 1940s. C. In the 1950s.
20. When did Nelson Mandela have breakfast?
A. At6:00. C.At 7:00. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:00.
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题，每题2分，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡士将该项涂黑。
A
New Zealand
What can you see?
Mountains,volcanoes,rivers,
lakes,waterfalls,forests,beaches. Both islands are mountainous. In fact, only 30% of New Zealand is flat.

The Maoris
When the Maoris first arrived in New Zealand, they lived in villages and were excellent fishermen, hunters and farmers. About 50 years ago many Maoris started to live and work in the large cities and took jobs in government, industries, medicine and education. They are proud of their culture (文化) and are determined to keep many of the customs which are part of their way of life.
Who can you meet?
Most people live on North Island. Eighty-five percent of New Zealanders are “pakeha” (“white men”), which means their “great grandfathers” came from Europe. Ten percent are Maoris. The Maoris came to New Zealand from the Polynesian islands probably around the tenth century. The “pakeha” started to arrive in New Zealand from Europe about 200 years ago as farmers and traders.

New Zealand
Position: South of the Equator (赤道); nearest
neighbour: Australia, 1600 km away.
Size: Two main islands — North Island and
South Island: together they are 268.680 sq. km.
Population: 4 million.
Capital: Wellington.
Languages: English and Maori.

1. Which of the following is a fact about New Zealand?
A. 20% of the population being Maoris
B. Four million white people
C. About 1600 km south of the Equator
D. Nearly 1/3 of the country being plains
2. The country’s population is mainly made up of .
A. the white people and the Polynesians
B. the white people and the “pakeha”
C. the Maoris and the white people
D. the Maoris and the Polynesians
3. When did the white people begin to live in New Zealand?
A. 1000 years ago B. 200 years ago
C. 85 years ago D. 50 years ago
4. What do the Maoris value most in life?
A. Living in small villages
B. Developing farming skills
C. Keeping their own culture
D. Taking up government jobs
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对新西兰的地理、文化、人口等方面进行了介绍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在What can you see?部分In fact, only 30% of New Zealand is flat.可知新西兰的平地约占国家的1/3这个表述正确，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Who can you meet? 部分Eighty-five percent of New Zealanders are “pakeha” (“white men”), which means their “great grandfathers” came from Europe. Ten percent are Maoris.可知这个国家的人口主要是由毛里人和白人组成的，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在Who can you meet? 部分The “pakeha” started to arrive in New Zealand from Europe about 200 years ago as farmers and traders.可知200年以前，白人开始来到新西兰生活，故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在The Maoris部分They are proud of their culture (文化) and are determined to keep many of the customs which are part of their way of life.可知在生活中，毛里人最珍视保持他们自己的文化，选C。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，主要考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题1，D选项中plains与文中的flat表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。
B
Spending beyond one’s means is becoming a national problem for Americans. Borrowing has become so easy that it takes great willpower for people to refuse it.“I received a number of gold MasterCard and gold Visa card offers in the mail during the past two months,” said one computer engineer at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Chicago. “I got three of them in one day last week.”
Lenders are providing easy credit (信贷) for borrowers. Many banks now offer every borrower a great variety of credit, a service once offered almost only to big companies. Norwest Bank Minneapolis offers lending programs for cars and boats that can cut monthly payments nearly in half. Carmakers, too, are lengthening easier terms. Ford Motor Credit states that 45% of its recent lending has been for sixty months, rather than the thirty-six-month period that was usual before.
The total consumer debt in the United States rose 173 percent between 1974 and 1984, as the debt for each man, woman, and child increased from $10,264 to $26,566. Huge debt now is present in our economy (经济) at all levels. As a nation, we are more than $7 trillion in debt, and the total keeps increasing astonishingly.
As we have overborrowed, so have we overspent. In late 1986, the share of after-tax income that Americans saved sank below 2 percent for a short time, less than half the figure at which we saved only 10 years ago. Americans now are buying from foreigners between about $50 and $100 billion more Mercedes and Toyotas, Paris fashions, and tours to Europe than the Boeing 747s, agriculture machinery, or Kansas wheat that the foreigners bought from America. The country could not produce and pay for all the things it wanted.
To make a long story, we Americans have serious problems in keeping down spending and keeping up personal saving. It is high time for us American people to learn the basics of long term money management.
5. According to the author, what is a main reason for Americans to overspend?
A. Americans buy a lot of foreign products.
B. It is easy for Americans to manage their debts.
C. Americans have more extra money than before.
D. Borrowing money has become a simple matter.
6. Ford Motor Credit lengthens 45% of its lending to 60 months in order to _________.
A. help more Americans to settle their debts
B. attract more customers
C. make better use of its money
D. encourage people to buy foreign cars
7. What does the author suggest as a way to deal with over-borrowing?
A. Limiting the use of credit cards.
B. Advising people on what to buy.
C. Teaching people how to manage money.
D. Reducing average incomes.
8. Which of the following points does the author wish to make?
A. America should sell more of its products abroad.
B. Government should prevent people from over-borrowing.
C. People’s income determines their money management.
D. A healthy society has to learn to live within its means.
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国社会经济中的过度消费现象，作者提出美国人可以通过量入为出的消费和学习长期资金管理基本知识来避免过度消费。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Spending beyond one’s means is becoming a national problem for Americans. Borrowing has become so easy that it takes great willpower for people to refuse it. (超支正成为美国人的一个全国性问题。借钱变得如此容易，以至于人们需要很大的意志力来拒绝它)”可知，由于借钱变得容易，以致于人们对此拒绝很难，所以超支逐渐成为美国人的一个全国性问题。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Lenders are providing easy credit (信贷) for borrowers. (贷款机构正在为借款人提供宽松的信贷)”和倒数第二句“Carmakers, too, are lengthening easier terms. (汽车制造商也在延长更宽松的条款)”及第四段第一句“As we have overborrowed, so have we overspent. (正如我们过度借贷，我们也过度支出)”可知，汽车厂商的贷款周期的延长，目的在于让消费者可以更多的消费，即吸引更多的消费者来购买自己的车辆。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is high time for us American people to learn the basics of long term money management. (现在是我们美国人学习长期资金管理基本知识的时候了)”可知，对于美国人的过度消费，作者建议美国人应当学习长期资金管理的基本知识。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。结合第一段第一句“Spending beyond one’s means is becoming a national problem for Americans. (超支正成为美国人的一个全国性问题)”和第四段第一句“As we have overborrowed, so have we overspent. (正如我们过度借贷，我们也过度支出)”可知，作者认为避免超支的办法就是不要过度借贷，即人们要学会学会量入为出。故选D。
C
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all, I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As 1 flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.
I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness sand said, we need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.
CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from landing gear up.
9. What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are quick learners of CRM.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are unwilling to take advice.
10. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .
A. his boss landed the plane too late
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. he saved the plane by speaking up
D. his boss operated on a patient
11. In the last paragraph landing gear up probably means .
A. following flying requirements
B. making a mistake that may cost lives
C. listening to what fellow doctors say
D. overreacting to different opinions
12. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B. A Pilot-Turned Doctor
C. The Making of a Good Pilot
D. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
【答案】9 D 10. C 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从自己的一次飞行经历中学会了一个道理：一个人不论职位高低，为了所有人的安全，都要敢于表达自己的意见。从而使自己成了一名更好的医生。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句话“Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all.（医生都是糟糕的飞行员。他们不听是因为他们已经知道了一切。）”以及最后一段第二句话“It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite...which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.（它进一步要求，当意见相反时，医生不能反应过度，这可能会防止其他医生再次发表意见。）”可知，医生们不愿听取别人的意见。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第五句话“He was so busy because of the bad turn，he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down.（他太忙了，因为转弯不好，他忘了放下起落架。
）”及后面的“Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness sand said, we need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.（我们的生命处于危险之中。我放下忐忑不安的心情说，我们现在必须放下起落架!这是我第一次真正体会到客户关系管理的力量，从那以后我就在手术室里使用它。）”可知，如果不是作者及时提醒，飞机及机上人员都很危险。故选C。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“So when I’m in the operating room...someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”．（所以当我在手术室里的时候，我就会向别人寻求建议和帮助。有时他们不愿意说出来。但我希望如果我继续鼓励他们，总有一天会有人阻止我起飞。）”可知，landing gear up指的是那次飞行中犯严重错误，故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Doctors are known to be terrible pilots…but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.（医生都是糟糕的飞行员。他们不听，因为他们已经什么都知道了，我很幸运:我在1970年成为一名飞行员，大约十年后我从医学院毕业。我当时并没有意识到，成为一名飞行员会让我成为一名更好的外科医生。）”可知，作者通过一次飞行经历学会了一个道理，从而成了一名更好的医生。故选D。
D
Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.
Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful (有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.
Ten healthy volunteers (志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.
The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a verve activity (神经活动), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
13. According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.
A. cannot be as effective as codeine
B. can be harmful to people’s health
C. cannot be separated from chocolate
D. can be a more effective cure for coughs
14. What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?
A. Theobromine. B. Codeine.
C. Capsaicin. D. Placebo.
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Codeine: A New Medicine
B. Chocolate May Cure Coughs
C. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case
D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs
【答案】13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学研究证明巧克力的某些物质对治疗咳嗽有用。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine(他们的研究发现，可可中发现的可可碱在止咳方面比可待因有效近三分之一)”可知，可可碱在治疗咳嗽方面更管用。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.(研究人员随后测量了辣椒素的含量，辣椒素在研究中用于引起咳嗽，并作为药物止咳效果的标志)”可知，研究中辣椒素被用来引起咳嗽。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.(英国研究人员表示，巧克力中的某些成分可以用来止咳，并产生更有效的药物)”可知，文章主要介绍研究表明巧克力里的可可碱对治疗咳嗽有效。故B项“巧克力可能治愈咳嗽”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.
___16___ Try the following steps：
Calm yourself. ___17___ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. ___18___ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.
___19___ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. ___20___ But it can rob you of your self­confidence if you don’t do it.
A. Why should you forgive?
B. How should you start to forgive?
C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D. Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress­management technique.
G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【分析】文章是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了人们宽恕他人的方法和途径。
【16题详解】
根据第一段的内容和“Try the following steps”可知，接下来是提的建议，故空白处是问“应该怎样原谅他人呢？”之类的话。起承上启下的作用，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据Calm yourself(要冷静)和take a couple of breaths(深呼吸)可知，这里讲的是，要学会舒缓愤怒，让自己平静下来。F选项To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.让愤怒逐渐消散，尝试一个简单的压力管理技巧，符合，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据第一句“Don't wait for an apology.”可知，不能等待他人的原谅，G选项If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.如果等他人来道歉，你可能会等相当长的时间，G项与wait for有关，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据IfIf you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love.可知，如果你理解惹怒你的人，你可能会意识到他是无意伤害你的，应该站在对方的角度考虑一下。D选项Try to see things from your offender's angle.试着站在对方的角度思考问题.，符合。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据“Don't forget to forgive yourself.”和“...rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it”可知，最后一段说的是，要学会自我原谅，E项“对一些人来说，原谅他们自己是最大的挑战”符合语境。故选E。


第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods ___21___ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and ___22___ what to do, she began crying. After a while, She ___23___ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. ___24___ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and ___25___ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out of the door and back to the ___26___ . Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a ___27___.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy ___28___ that his mistress was in danger. He jumped ___29___ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a___30___ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He ___31___ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking ___32___ into the air, the dog ___33___ through the woods until he found the ___34___. But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his ___35___ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He ___36___ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was ___37___ .
When she opened her eyes and___38___her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you___39___me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of ___40___. That night Laddy had a hero’s supper: a huge meal of steak.
21. A. as B. while C. since D. before
22. A. wondering B. remembering C. forgetting D. regretting
23. A. preferred B. expected C. decided D. failed
24. A. Until B. When C. If D. Because
25. A. carelessly B. cautiously C. hopelessly D. unwillingly
26. A. trees B. bushes C. grasses D. woods
27. A. stream B. rock C. tree D. house
28. A. heard B. sensed C. found D. smelt
29. A. at B. through C. in D. onto
30. A. terrible B. strange C. familiar D. pleasant
31. A. missed B. discovered C. followed D. ignored
32. A. loudly B. calmly C. merrily D. gently
33. A. searched B. looked C. wandered D. travelled
34. A. window B. girl C. hero D. house
35. A. sadness B. disappointment C. embarrassment D. delight
36. A. climbed B. jumped C. walked D. flew
37. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep
38. A. spotted B. saw C. observed D. watched
39. A. rescued B. comforted C. disturbed D. scared
40. A. pain B. shock C. sorrow D. relief
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个七岁的小女孩和她家的狗Laddy之间的故事，小女孩在树林里迷路了，她的狗Laddy找到了她并把她带回了家，成了英雄，得到了一大块牛排的奖励。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在她意识到已迷路之前，穿过一大片草地进入了树林。A. as同时，像……一样，B. while 当……时候，C. since 自从，D. before（表示时间）在……之前，主句是她穿过草地，从句是她迷路，根据逻辑应该是迷路在后，所以D选项正确，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在石头上不知道该做什么。A. wondering疑惑的，B. remembering记住，C. forgetting忘记，D. regretting后悔，根据上文she realized that she was lost.，她迷路了，所以不知道做什么，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿她决定沿着一条小路走，小路两边是高树和灌木。A. preferred 更喜欢，B. expected期望，预料，C. decided决定，D. failed失败，设空词后walk along a wide path lined，说明她走了，所以C正确，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当天临近黑时，她看到一个黑色的小木房子。A. Until直到……才，B. When当……时候，C. If如果，D. Because因为，文章一开始One sunny afternoon，是下午，所以在她走了一段时间后，到了晚上，所以是当天黑时，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她打开门小心翼翼的进去。A. carelessly粗心大意的，B. cautiously小心翼翼的，C. hopelessly绝望的，D. unwillingly勉强的，小女孩迷路了，看到了一个陌生的房子，所以应该是小心翼翼地进去，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她跑出屋子又回到树林。A. trees树， B. bushes灌木丛， C. grasses草地，D. woods树林，第一段She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods她走进了一片树林，所以在到这所房子前是在树林里，受到惊吓，她又回到了树林，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：又冷又累，她在小溪旁睡着了。A. stream河流；溪， B. rock石头，C. tree树， D. house房子，根据下文He jumped over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was asleep.，可知女孩睡在了小溪旁，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laddy意识到它的女主人有危险。A. heard听到 ，B. sensed感觉到，意识到，C. found发现，D. smelt闻到，女孩离开了家，迷路了，说明她距离家有一段路程，所以狗只能是感觉到，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：它打破玻璃，跳出窗户。A. at在，B. through穿过，C. in在……里面，D. onto到……之上。上文 The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy , was at home.，可知，狗要从家里出来，而女孩的爸爸妈妈不在家，它就要破窗而出，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它低头时，闻到了一股熟悉的气味。A. terrible糟糕的，B. strange奇怪的，C. familiar熟悉的，D. pleasant高兴的，女孩是狗的小女主人mistress，所以狗很熟悉她，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它跟随着气味穿过了草地。A. missed错过，B. discovered发现，C. followed跟随，D. ignored忽视，狗的天性是能跟随气味找到人，女孩走过的路会留下女孩的气味，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它冲着天空大声地叫。A. loudly大声地，B. calmly平静地，C. merrily快乐的，D. gently绅士的，设空词是副词修饰前面的Barking，所以是大声地，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：狗沿着树林寻找。A. searched寻找，B. looked看，C. wandered徘徊，D. travelled旅行，上文Laddy （sensed） that his mistress was in danger.狗意识到小女主人有危险了，所以一路寻找过来，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小狗顺着树林找直到看到那个小房子。A. window窗户，B. girl女孩，C. hero英雄， D. house房子，由上文she saw a small, dark wooden house.，可知树林里有一个小木屋，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在不远处看到它的女主人的蓝色的衣服，使它非常高兴。A. sadness伤心，B. disappointment失望， C. embarrassment难堪， D. delight高兴，狗看到了女主人的衣服，所以是找到主人后的高兴，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它跳过一些灌木丛，并看到了那条小溪，女孩睡在小溪旁边。A. climbed爬，B. jumped跳过，C. walked走，D. flew飞，主语He指小狗，小狗急于找到女主人，所以只能跳过灌木丛，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它跳过一些灌木丛，并看到了那条小溪，女孩睡在小溪旁边。A. awake醒着的，B. abandoned放弃的，C. available可用的，D. asleep睡着的，上文 Cold and tired, she fell asleep……，可知，女孩睡着了，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩睁开眼睛看到她的狗在她身边。A. spotted认出，注意到，B. saw看见，C. observed观察，研究，D. watched注视，上文she fell asleep，女孩睡着了，睁开眼后，从睡的状态到醒，是看到，不可能是观察和注视，狗和女孩太熟悉了，也不需要认出，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩说：“你救了我，Laddy。”。A. rescued营救， B. comforted安慰，C. disturbed打扰， D. scared害怕，女孩迷路，狗狗把女主人带回了家，所以是救了她，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和小狗回来了，女孩的父母留下了眼泪，终于放心了。A. pain疼痛 ， B. shock 震惊，C. sorrow悲痛，D. relief解脱、放松、如释重负 ，女儿迷路，父母当然担心，现在女儿回家，父母如释重负，一块石头落地，故选D。
【点睛】以记叙为主的完型填空题，因为有明确的情节线，所以答题前一定要读懂全文，注意前后段落之间的关系。注意设空词与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。如，第14题，在文中第二段就已经出现了要填的选项内容：房子，又比如，第17题，前文中也提到了女孩是睡着了，都是原词重现，对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来如，第7题，在下文中通过狗狗的眼睛看到了小溪，所以设空词就是stream。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
第三部分英语知识运用 (共;两节，满分40分)
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two new satellites of BeiDou Navigation(导航) Satellite System (BDS) ____41____(send) into space on a Long March-3B carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province China at 2:07 a.m. on November 19, 2018. The satellites entered a Medium Earth orbit ____42____(safe) more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS-3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and 43rd ____43____ (member) of the BDS satellite family.
China launched these satellites with ____44____aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions ___45___ participate in the Belt and Road Proposal. This is a key step for BDS developing ___46___ a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a ___47___(globe) navigation system,” ___48___ (say) Yang Changfeng, chief designer of the BeiDou system. The positioning accuracy of theBDS-3 system has been improved to 2.5 meters to 5 meters, said Yang.
____49____(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough, the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years .The system is expected ______50______(provide) first-class services around the globe by the end of 2020.
【答案】41. were sent
42. safely 43. members
44. the 45. which#that
46. from 47. global
48. said 49. Named
50. to provide
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国将两颗北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）新卫星送入太空，为参与“一带一路”建设的国家和地区提供导航服务。
【41题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：2018年11月20日凌晨2时07分，中国四川省西昌卫星发射中心用长征3号B运载火箭将北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）的两颗新卫星发射升空。因为动词send与其主语Two new satellites是被动关系，结合表一般过去时的时间状语2:07 a.m. on November 19, 2018可知，此处是一般过去时的被动语态，故填were sent。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：三个多小时后，这两颗卫星安全进入了中地轨道。因为副词修饰动词，所以此处应用副词修饰前面的动词entered，故填safely。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：它们也是BDS卫星家族的第42和43个成员。根据前面的 the 42nd and 43rd可知此处应用名词复数形式，故填members。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国发射这些卫星的目的是在2018年底前为参与“一带一路”倡议的国家和地区提供导航服务。根据空后的名词可知此处应用定冠词表特指，with the aim of意为“目的在于”，故填the。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上题。此处定语从句缺少主语，先行词是countries and regions，应使用关系代词which或者that，故填which/that。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：北斗系统首席设计师杨说：“这是北斗系统从中国实验系统向区域和全球导航系统发展的关键一步。”根据句意和后面的to可知此处应用介词，from…to…意为“从……到……”，故填from。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上题。根据后面的名词 navigation system可知此处应用形容词修饰名词，故填global。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：北斗系统首席设计师杨说：“这是北斗系统从中国实验系统向区域和全球导航系统发展的关键一步”。事情发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。故填said。
【49题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：以中国的犁地命名，北斗系统已经服务中国18年了。分析句子结构可知此处是非谓语动词，因为动词name与其逻辑主语the Bei Dou system是被动关系，所以应用过去分词作状语，位于句首首字母大写，故填 Named。
【50题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：预计到2020年底，北斗系统将在全球范围内提供一流的服务。根据空前的is expected和句意可知，此处考查短语be expected to do sth.意为“有望做某事，预计做”，故填to provide。

第四部分 写作(共三节，满分 40分)
第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
51. The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficult ________(打败) the enemy.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】defeating
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：军队训练有素，装备精良，打败敌人几乎没有困难。defeat“打败”为及物动词，短语： have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，所以此处用动名词defeating，故填defeating。
52. If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5:0 pm today so that we’ll make__________(安排). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果您感兴趣，请在下午5:00之前在办公室报名，以便我们做出必要的安排。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，名词arrangement符合题意，可数名词，make arrangements是固定短语，意为“安排”。故填arrangements。
53. The three countries found themselves __________ (团结) peacefully. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】united
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这三个国家发现自己和平地联合了起来。根据汉语提示，动词unit符合题意；此处考查find的复合结构，即find+宾语+宾补，themselves与unite之间构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作宾补。故填united。
54. ________(责备) for the breakdown of the school computer network, he was in low spirits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Blamed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为学校电脑网络的故障而备受指责，他情绪低落。分析句子，逗号之后为主句，之前全部内容为状语；句子主语he和动词blame为动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填Blamed。
55. Could you please give me a _______(粗略的) idea when you will come back home? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】rough
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你能告诉我一个大概的概念你什么时候回家吗？表示“粗略的，大致的”用形容词rough作定语，修饰名词idea，故填rough。
56. What _________(吸引) me most in Beijing is that there are many places of interest, like the Great Wall. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attracts
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：北京最吸引我的是有很多名胜古迹，比如长城。分析句子，设空处为what引导的主语从句的谓语动词，其表述的是客观事实，故是用一般现在时。根据汉语提示，表示“吸引”用attract。主语为what是第三人称单数，故填attracts。
57. Anyone breaking the law will be ___________(严厉) punished. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】severely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：违法者将被严厉惩罚。修饰动词punish应用副词severely，作状语。故填severely。
58. Smartphones make it easier and more ____________(方便的) to check reality, watch video clips, read weibo and so on. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convenient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：智能手机让查看事实、观看视频剪辑、阅读微博等变得更容易、更方便。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作宾补结构，与前文easier构成并列。根据汉语提示，表示“方便的”用convenient。故填convenient。
59. They have the confidence and ability to __________(处理) the important matter well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】handle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：他们有信心和能力把重要的事情处理好。handle“处理”为动词，结合空处前的不定式to，所以此处填动词原形，不定式作后置定语，故填handle。
60. Only in this way can we make great__________(贡献) to our family and our society. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有用这样的方式我们才能给我们的家庭和社会做出贡献。contribution“贡献”为可数名词，短语：make a contribution或者make contributions，意为“做贡献”，结合空前形容词great可知，此处用复数含义。故填contributions。

第二节：短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
61. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Dear Henry，
I am writing to invite you attend the Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 9：00am to 4：00pm the next Saturday in the City Museum．
Paper-cutting is a traditionally art form in China，which had a history of more than 1，500 years．People often decorate their homes in paper-cutting during festivals and weddings．In this exhibition，you can see paper-cutting with various pattern．In addition，they are famous artists who will perform what to cut paper on the spot．I hope that you can seize this opportunity to learn much about traditional Chinese culture．
Looking forward to hear from you soon．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】1． attend前面加上to
2．去掉 Saturday前的the
3． traditionally→traditional
4． had→ has
5． in→with
6． pattern→patterns
7． they→there
8． what→how
9． much→more
10． hear→hearing
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。信中主要介绍了中国剪纸艺术展览的情况以及剪纸作为一项传统的艺术形式已有1500多年的历史，人们经常在节日和婚礼上用剪纸装饰他们的家
【详解】考查固定短语。根据固定短语invite sb．to do sth．（邀请某人做某事）可知，这里用不定式作宾语补足语。故在attend前加to。
考查冠词。联系上下文该句表示"下个星期六"，而the next表示"过去的下个星期六"一般用在宾语从句中。故去掉Saturday前的the。
考查形容词。此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词art form。故将traditionally改为traditional。
考查时态。本文是一篇介绍性质的文章，常用一般现在时，且通过前后语境分析也可判断出此处是一般现在时。故将had改为has。
考查介词。句意：人们通常在节日和婚礼上用剪纸装饰自己的家。通过句意可知此处应该用表示“用”的介词，with或in，虽然in也可表此意，但后面一般接语言。故将in改为with。
考查可数名词的数。根据前面的various可知这里要用可数名词复数形式。故将pattern改为patterns。
考查固定句型。句意：此外，还有著名的艺术家将在现场表演如何剪纸。表达“某处有…”的固定句型是there be…。故将they改为there。
考查疑问词的意思。句意：还有一些著名的艺术家将在现场表演如何剪纸。根据句意，此处表达“如何剪纸”应该用疑问副词how。故将what改为how。
考查副词的级。句意：希望大家抓住这个机会，多了解中国传统文化。结合上下文可知此处用比较级更符合语境。故将much改为more。
考查固定短语。look forward to中的to是介词，因此这里要用动名词形式作宾语。故将hear改为hearing。
第三节书面表达(满分20分)
62. 假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。
1. 祝贺他获奖；
2. 肯定他付出的努力；
3. 询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
中国象棋网络挑战赛：Chinese Chess Network Challenge
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter，
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge．As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success．
"Everything comes to him who waits．"For these years，you've shown great interest in Chinese chess and kept on practicing it every day．Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests．Finally，you’ve succeeded in winning the online competition!
So I'm so happy that you become champion of this network challenge．At last，I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together．Please tell me when you are available．
Congratulations again．
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你是李华，你美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。1. 祝贺他获奖；2. 肯定他付出的努力；3. 询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：sincere congratulations（诚挚的祝贺），Chinese Chess Network Challenge（中国象棋网络挑战赛），show great interest in（对……感兴趣）；all kinds of（各种各样）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success．运用了宾语从句；Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests．运用了not only…but also结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。