河南省新乡市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题及答案

新乡市高三第一次模拟考试

英            语

考生注意：

1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。

2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。

第一部分   听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节   (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A.19.15.                      B.9. 18.                    C.9.15.

答案是C。

1. What is the woman going to do?

A. Take a bus.              B. Help the man.             C. Get a camera.

2. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Nurse and patient.           B. Boss and employee.          C. Teacher and student.

3. What time is it now?

A.10:20.                        B.10 :12.                        C.10 :32.

4. What are the speakers most probably talking about?

A.A book.                   B. An actor.                C. A film.

5. Where does the conversation take place?

A. In the classroom.           B. In the dormitory.          C. In the library.

第二节   (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where will the woman go?

A. To her office.              B. To the airport.           C. To the school.

7. What does the woman ask the man to do?

A. Look for some toys.         B. Meet her boss.               C. Take care of a baby.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?

A. She needs to put off her test.

B. She has to give up her travel plan.

C. She wants to visit another city.

9. What does Diana want Peter to do?

A. Help her with her study.

B. Take a book to her friend.

C. Teach a geography lesson.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. How does Joanna feel?

A. Tired.                     B. Sad.                     C. Anxious.

11. Why does Joanna want to make breakfast?

A. To look after her sick mum.

B. To pay back her mum.

C. To practise cooking.

12. What can we know about Joanna?

A. She loves her father more than her mother.

B. She can get up early every day.

C. She has got married.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the man?

A.A host.                      B. A teacher.                  C.A doctor.

14. What is the conversation mainly about?

A. How to save money.

B. How to spend money.

C. How to be a good housewife.

15. Where does the woman like shopping?

A. In supermarkets.              B. In department stores.          C. In outdoor markets.

16. What does the woman strongly recommend?

A. Fixing things by ourselves.

B. Hiring someone to repair things.

C. Asking friends to help with the repairs.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Which school is the university most famous for?

A. Social Science.           B. Medicine.                  C. Law.

18. Who will say something more about the courses?

A. The visitors.              B. The receptionists.          C. The lecturers.

19. What is required for degree courses?

A. One group discussion.     B.A long essay.              C. Informal lectures.

20. Who is the speech most probably intended for?

A. Students at high school.

B. Teachers at university.

C. Teachers at high school.

第二部分      阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节   (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Learning a foreign language can broaden career opportunities in the USA. Here’s the reason why learning some of the popular foreign languages can help you.

Chinese

Chinese is considered as an important language to enhance business prospects across the globe. It has the largest number of speakers. More than 1. 4 billion people speak Chinese. Chinese companies have invested in various industries in other countries. There are great opportunities for employment in Chinese companies if you can master Chinese.

Spanish

Spanish is spoken by about 580 million speakers across the world. It has the second largest number of speakers. Furthermore, many Spanish companies are rapidly increasing their presence in various industries like travel and tourism, translation, teaching, and international business.

Portuguese

Spoken by about 230 million people, Portuguese is the sixth most widely spoken language in the world. It is the official language of eight countries. There’s a great demand for Portu-guese language experts in various industries.

German

German is the third most popular foreign language taught worldwide and the second most popular in Europe and Japan, after English. German has between 89 and 110 million native speakers. German companies account for 700,000 jobs in the USA, so learning German can give people great job offers.

21. Why does the author advise people to learn Chinese?

A. They can further study global business.

B. They can have an opportunity to go to China.

C. They can get more job offers in various countries.

D. They can find a chance to travel to other countries.

22. Which language has the second largest number of speakers in the world?

A. Chinese.                              B. Spanish.

C. Portuguese.                             D. German.

23. What can we know about German from the text?

A. Japanese dislike learning it.

B. It is the most popular language in Europe.

C. It is spoken by less than 89 million people.

D. Mastering it helps people get more job opportunities.

B

After I finished my PhD in 2014 at Duke University, I stayed for an extra year to finish a paper and look for a postdoc(博士后) position. The first step of my process was to decide what I wanted to do with my career, and then I should find a laboratory that would help me to achieve that.I was a bit anxious about making such a strong statement about my career—a feeling that I think is shared by many graduating students.

The next step in my process was to broadly identify what type of field I wanted to work in and which techniques, system and organism I wanted to learn. Several people advised me to change one or two of these choices from my PhD work, which was in yeast cell biology(酵母细胞生物学). Although I really value having experience in multiple fields and techniques, I don't think this change is absolutely necessary. I also talked my options through with my PhD adviser, Daniel Lew, and my lab mates. In the end, I decided to stay working with yeast but to take on more biochemistry approaches.

I then put together a list of possible labs as I read papers and university websites. By this point, my partner and I had decided that we would like to live in Europe, because it would be a great opportunity to move somewhere else and experience a different way of living. I preferred labs in Europe, but I included many in the United States as well.

I applied to eight labs by e mail: four labs in the United States and four in Europe. In the end, I decided on John Diffley’s lab at the Francis Crick Institute in London.

I could imagine how I would develop as a scientist in John's lab and ultimately gain more independence. When you're on an academic career track, that's a big part of the experience—becoming independent and designing your own projects.

24. What did the author do first for a postdoc position?

A. Work in a university for an extra year.

B. Look for a proper laboratory for research.

C. Determine what to do with his career.

D. Overcome his anxiety about his career.

25. Why did the author choose yeast cell biology for his postdoc position?

A. He thought it was popular.

B. He liked experiencing multiple fields.

C. He accepted his adviser’s and lab mates' advice.

D. He considered it unnecessary to work in other fields.

26. What made the author prefer European labs?

A. Few suitable labs in the U. S.

B. Wishing for living a different lifestyle.

C.A better opportunity to finish his postdoc.

D. Focusing on research and pursuing his aim.

27. How will the author work in John's lab?

A. By designing his own projects.           B. By sharing his good experience.

C. By discussing yeast in groups.           D. By depending on John's help.

C

America has more than enough food for everyone to eat. But each year, billions of pounds of perfectly good food go to waste. Meanwhile, 34 million face hunger in the United States.

As the country’s largest food rescue organization, Feeding America partners with food manufacturers, grocery stores, restaurants, and farmers to rescue food and deliver it to food banks serving our neighbors.

Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $408 billion in food thrown away each year. Shockingly, nearly 40% of all food in America is wasted.

Food goes to waste at every stage of food production and distribution—from farmers to packers and shippers, from manufacturers to retailers to our homes. Food waste in our homes makes up about 39% of all food waste—about 42 billion pounds of food waste, and commercial food waste makes up about 61% of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste. Feeding America focuses on reducing food waste on farms and in food service, manufacturing, and retail.

Last year, the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4. 7 billion pounds of groceries. That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger. This makes Feeding America the largest food rescue organization in the country.

Food rescue, or food recovery, is the practice of collecting high-quality food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger. We work with manufacturers, retailers, and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need.

We identify food at risk of going to waste, offer rescued food to food banks, safely ship food over long distances and keep food fresh longer once it reaches a food bank.

28. What do we know about the food in America?

A. It is quite abundant.                   B. It is barely enough.

C. It is easily available.                 D. It is increasingly insufficient.

29. What does the underlined phrase “equates to” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Consumes.           B. Equals.          C. Wastes.            D. Multiplies.

30. How does the author reveal the food waste in America?

A. By making comparisons.                  B. By offering examples.

C. By listing reasons.                      D. By presenting data.

31. What does Feeding America actually do?

A. It teaches people how to grow food.      B. It urges government to take action.

C. It saves food from being wasted.       D. It aims to relieve world hunger.

D

One of the most common beliefs among researchers is that humans first arrived in North America 16,000 years ago. According to a recent fossil discovery, that might not be true. The new finding suggests that humans might have arrived in North America far earlier.

In 2013,a damaged mammoth(猛犸象) skull and other bones that looked “deliberately broken” were found. The damage to the bones suggested that humans were the ones who caused it to make tools. Carbon-dating analysis suggested the pieces are roughly 37,000 years old. This discovery could shift our understanding of humans'  earliest existence in North America. These fossils suggest humans killed animals in the area much earlier than 16,000 years ago.

Previous research led scientists to believe the first humans that settled in North America belonged to the Clovis culture. This was a group of people who left behind carefully made tools 16,000 years ago. However, carbon-dating analysis of the mammoth bones indicates that the site is around 36,250 to 38,900 years old. That means it's the oldest known site left behind by ancient humans in North America.

“That’s not the only interesting thing about the discovery,”  said Timothy Rowe, a professor at the University of Texas. “The similar findings supporting an earlier date for human arrival have been mostly ignored. This is because they have contradicted previous research.”  Now, however, he thinks there's a good chance that researchers will find evidence of humans farther back in time.

The early humans shaped bones into sharp blades, which were used to take apart animals’ remains, according to Rowe. There are also signs that they cooked the animal bones over a fire to melt off the fat. “The real evidence that we have has to do with the breakage patterns, and how thorough they are. They must have used rocks or hammer stones to bust the skeleton apart…These people would use whatever they could,”  Rowe told USA Today.

32. What can be learnt about the earliest humans in North America?

A. They arrived t here 16,000 years ago.

B. They caused mammoth to disappear.

C. They could make tools with bones.

D. They belonged to the Clovis culture.

33. Why are the findings similar to the new one ignored?

A. They lack a good chance.                B. They fail to draw attention.

C. They aren't studied scientifically.       D. They disagree with earlier research.

34. How does Rowe find the new discovery?

A. Annoying.          B. Inspiring.         C. Puzzling.        D. Embarrassing.

35. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Evidence of Earlier Humans' Arrival in North America

B. The Earliest Humans’ Settling in North America

C. The Earliest Tool Makers in North America

D. Research on Mammoths in North America

第二节      (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Wherever you live, you always look forward to a comfortable home. However, people don't often turn it into what they want because they worry about the costs. Aetually, this is a common misconception(错误认识)—you don’t need to spend a lot of money in order to make your home comfortable._36_.

Clear

The first thing you need to do before buying or rearranging anything is clearing rooms._37_. There is no way to turn a cluttered(杂乱的) space into an attractive one without organizing it. So, the first thing you do is clearing rooms. You don’t have to throw out everything. Though clearing rooms can be an ongoing process that takes time, it's worth it.

Add Green Plants

_38_. Besides the eye- pleasing effect that plants and flowers have, they also remove toxins(毒素) from the air, making your environment healthier. If that isn’t enough for you,they tend to help calm people down.

Try Darker Colors

Another thing you can do to make a room look warmer is use some darker shades in the decoration. Lighter colors are great for making a room feel bigger, but darker colors create a comfortable and attractive environment._39_.

Adjust the Lighting

The last thing is lighting. The lighting in a room can make or break it._40_. Think of using the fireplace if you have one, lighting some candles and hanging up some string lights. Even a lamp can make all the difference to the environment of a room.

A. Warm lighting can make a room pleasant and sweet

B. Disorder is the exact opposite of warm and attractive

C. You shouldn't keep plants and flowers in your bedroom

D. Throwing in some darker colors will make the room look perfect

E. Besides making it keep warm, blankets add more color to a room

F. Here are some inexpensive ways to make your home comfortable

G. One way to make a room attractive is to add plants and fresh flowers

第三部分   语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节   (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One of my favorite anonymous(匿名的) acts is to pay for meals in a restaurant. A few years ago, I was at a restaurant with my project team, eating a Christmas_41_. My view of the other dinners was via a_42_in front of me from where I was sitting. It was a Wednesday night about 3 weeks before Christmas so there were only about 6 other tables_43_.

About 10 minutes before we left,I_44_to look in the mirror, seeing two girls_45_.They sat near me. They started to_46_the menu and I could hear what they said. They _47_,“ It ’s so expensive!”

I usually_48_a table that's already eating their dinners so I can get their check from the restaurant. As we left, I told the manager I wanted to_49_the two girls. He figured that the high_50_was$100 including taxes, so I gave him$140 and told him to give the waiter whatever was left as a Christmas_51_. Touched by my act, the manager said he would_52_anything over$100 and give the waiter$40. We agreed that he would tell the two girls after we_53_that someone had paid for their meal. I wanted them to_54_whatever they wanted without_55_the cost.

The next day I went to the_56_again to eat dinner with my friends, the manager _57_me. He walked to me. From him, I knew_58_about the thing after we left. The two girls felt_59_and were moved to tears. They appreciated the kindness and said they would pass the kindness on to others in need.

I do this several times a year, but I_60_like the two girls' reaction, which makes me think it valuable to do such things!

第二节   (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Xi ’ an City Wall,_61_is a symbol of the history and culture of Xi ’ an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has become an important city brand after continuous improvements.

The Xi ’ an City Wall_62_( build) in the early Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) on the foundation of the imperial city walls of the Sui(581-618) and Tang(618-907) dynasties. It is the_63_( old), most well preserved, and largest ancient city wall in the world.

The city wall is more than 600 years old and suffers from cracks and flaky(薄片的) soil on a daily basis. In addition to_64_(extreme) large amounts of manual work, technology also provides_65_protective barrier for the city wall.“ We have installed 8,700 metal detectors on the city wall_66_( monitor) various dynamic data such as the pH level_67_the soil, moat(护城河) water level and daily soil moisture(水分) changes,” said Wu, who is a worker of the Xi’an City Wall Management Committee.

In addition to the Hanguang Gate Relic Site Museum, the watchtowers on the city wall have also been transformed into public cułtural and art_68_( site) such as the Jinhuidui Art Museum, Armor Museum, and City Brick Museum. So far, the city wall_69_( launch)a series of eultural and creative products, mystery boxes, and digital collections,70-(attract) many visitors.

第四部分   写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节   短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

There will be a youth traditional art competition hold in our school next Friday. The competition will help ourselves learn Chinese traditional art and enriches our school life. I believe that it will be attract a lot of students. Here are the details what should be known. First, you must sign up for the competition before this Thursday. Second, you are required submit your entry before next Friday. Please do it on time, and you will not be allowed to participate on the competition. Last but not least, you had better make a plan to express your artwork, I hope all students can active take part in the competition. Wish you every successes.

第二节   书面表达(满分25分)

读书使人明智，你班英语课上即将开展主题为“我为大家推荐一本好书”的课前演讲活动。请你准备一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.你向同学推荐的书；

2.你推荐该书的理由。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.首句和结束语已为你写好。