高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet说课课件ppt

现在完成时的被动语态

[观察例句]

1．Much has been written about the Great Wall.

2．Many people have been helped by the club.

3．Jan's life has been greatly improved by the Internet.

4．Look at the way your face has been washed.

5．Today I thought I'd answer a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?

[归纳句法]

一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成

have/has＋been＋过去分词

二、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式

The city has been swept through by heat wave recently.

最近热浪横扫了这座城市。

His work has not been finished.

他的工作尚未完成。

Have the new booking systems for tickets been used?

新的订票系统已在使用中了吗？

How long has the battery not been changed?

电池多久没有更换了？

[即学即练1]　句型转换

The children have already been told the good news.

①The children haven't been told the good news yet.(改为否定句)

②Have the children been told the good news yet？(改为一般疑问句)

③Who has been told the good news yet？(对the children进行提问)

三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法

1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。

通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，before...等连用。

The work has already been finished.

工作已完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)

The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.

还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)

2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。

常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long...？句型中。

The machine has been repaired for two hours.

这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)

3．用在时间或条件等状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。

You can go home as soon as your task has been finished.

你的任务一完成就可以回家。

[即学即练2]　单句语法填空

①In the last few years，thousands of films have been produced(produce) all over the world.

②Though we don't know what was discussed，yet we can feel the topic has been changed(change)．

四、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意的事项

1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别

一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。

The park was opened to the public last year.

去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去)

The park has been opened to the public.

这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经开放了)

2．非延续性动词

如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。

The work was finished two weeks ago.

这项工作在两周前已经完成。

The work has been finished.

这项工作已经完成。

3．动词短语

动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。

It is said that the problem has been looked into.

据说已经调查了这个问题。

4．带有复合宾语的动词

变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。

注意：原来作宾补的省略to的不定式在被动语态中要用带to的不定式。

I have told them to help you.

→They have been told to help you.

5．带有双宾语的动词

如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。

The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.

→He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company)．

→A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company)．

[即学即练3]　单句语法填空

①The bridge near the village was built(build) last year.

②No books have been bought(buy) since last week.

③An e­mail has been sent(send) to me by now.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The dictionary is out of date：many words have been added (add) to the language since it was published.

2．In recent years，stress has been regarded (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems，from high blood pressure to mental illness.

3．When I reached the station，the tickets had been sold (sell) out.

4．This book has been translated (translate) into many languages so far.

5．Our classroom has been cleaned (clean)，you needn't clean it now.

6．These flowers have been watered (water)，you can go home.

7．When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what has been marked (mark)．

8．The house has been washed (wash) away by the storm yesterday.

9．The books have been borrowed(borrow)by the teacher.

10．How many new words have been learned (learn) by the students up to now?

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice 1.to see(see) you on the first day of the new term!

Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again.

Li Ming：I know that your parents 2.have been working(work) in that city for about a year.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake?

Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 3.happened(happen)，many soldiers 4.have been sent(send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资) 5.have been carried(carry) there from all over the country.Now，most people there are living 6.a happy life again.

Li Ming：How about the schools there?

Lin Tao：Several new schools 7.have been set(set) up and also some schools 8.which were damaged in the earthquake 9.have been rebuilt(rebuild)．So all the students can go back to school to study now.

Li Ming：That's 10.wonderful(wonder)．I'm sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back?

Lin Tao：They will be back next month.