人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions课文课件ppt

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阅读P44中的材料，选出最佳选项1．What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?A．Its long history.B．Its great literature.C．Its different senses.D．Its true feast.2．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” is ________．A．pleasing to the eyesB．exciting to the earsC．pleasing to the mouthsD．exciting to the noses.3．Where can you enjoy Irish strong traditions?A．In the library.B．In a village pub.C．By the sea.D．On the coast.4．What is the text mainly about?A．Ireland's beautiful countryside.B．Irish traditions and culture.C．Irish great writers and poets.D．Ireland's folk music and dancing.[答案]　1－4　CABBWords and Phrases知识要点1　charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.朱迪和我把我们的汽车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。[例1]　I wonder how much you charge for your services.我想知道你们收取多少服务费。[例2]　Children are free of charge during festivals.节日期间儿童免费。[知识拓展](1)charge sb.money for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人收取费用charge sb.with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事(2)free of charge 免费take charge of 主管/负责……in charge of 负责/掌管……in the charge of 由……负责[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句改写①I am happy to know you are in charge of a teenager art exhibition next month.②How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes?③She charged him with stealing her car.④He's in charge of the hospital.→The hospital is in his charge．⑤The shop fixed my watch for free.→The shop fixed my watch free of charge．[小片段填空]　“charge”的故事The old manager who was in charge of the company used to charge the workers for charging their cell phones.When the company is in the charge of the new manager，charging phones is free of charge．知识要点2　amount n．金额；数量(教材P42)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪音感到非常惊讶。[例1]　A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.每年在烟草上花大量的钱。[例2]　Your monthly salary amounts to $1，500.你的月薪总计一千五百美元。[知识拓展](1)a/an(large/good) amount of＋不可数名词 许多……(作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式)(large) amounts of＋不可数名词 许多……(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)the amount of ……的数量(2)amount to 总计为；相当于[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Joe has spent quite an amount of energy on his English.②A large amount of water is wasted(waste) every day.③Large amounts of money have(have) been wasted.知识要点3　approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近(教材P42)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.周围有那么多人，所以很难接近那幅画。[例1]　We heard the sound of an approaching car/a car approaching.我们听见一辆小汽车驶近的声音。[例2]　Let's take a new approach to the problem.让我们用一个新方法来处理这个问题吧。[知识拓展](1)make an approach to 与……进行首次商谈(2)the approach to(doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径(3)the approach of sth. 某事的来临at one's approach 在某人快到时[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Approaching(approach) the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.②Facing up to your problems is the best approach to working(work) things out.③People are busy shopping at the approach of the Christmas Day.④Absorbed in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching(approach)．知识要点4　eager adj.热切的；渴望的(教材P43)I was eager to see that...我很想看到……[例1]　He is always eager for new experiences and ever­willing to experiment.他总是渴望拥有新的经历，而且总是愿意尝试。[例2]　They were only too eager to help us.他们急切地想帮助我们。[知识拓展](1)be eager for/about/after 渴望；渴求；争取 be eager (for sb.) to do sth. 急欲或渴望(某人)做某事(2)eagerly adv. 渴望地；热切地eagerness n. [U] 渴望；热切[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句改写①Jules was not eager for classroom learning；he hungered for adventure.②She was very eager to learn(learn)more words and use them as much as she could.③I couldn't hide my eagerness(eager)to get back home.④I'm eagerly(eager)looking forward to meeting my good friends.⑤The head is eager that all the workers should come in time.→The head is eager for all the workers to come in time.知识要点5　greet vt.问候；迎接(教材P44)On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin，and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.在山中一个安静的早晨，太阳照在你的皮肤上，呼吸清新的花香，鸟儿用他们的晨歌迎接新的一天。[例1]　The movie star was greeted with cheers from his fans.这位电影明星迎来了粉丝们的欢呼。[例2]　He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived.所有客人到达时他都热情接待。[知识拓展](1)greet (to) sb.with sth. 以……向某人问候；以……向某人致敬(2)greeting n. 问候；致意；祝贺；迎接wave greeting 挥手致意(3)be greeted as 被当作……欢迎[即学即练]　单句语法填空①Greeting(greet) cards are easily made at home by using pen and paper or software.②There are many different ways to greet(greet) someone using words.③She was greeted as a hero.④His speech was greeted(greet) with a storm of applause.⑤He nodded greetings(greet) to Ann and Michael and shook hands with Burke.知识要点6　crowd n．人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤(教材P46)Dave could not find a seat in the room.It was very crowded.戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。[例1]　After seeing the report，problems about the company crowded into my head/crowded in on me.看了这份报告后，很多有关公司的问题涌上我的心头。[例2]　A crowd gathered to see what had happened.一群人聚拢起来看发生了什么事。[知识拓展](1)crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海crowd into one's mind/head＝ crowd in on sb. 涌上心头；涌入脑海a crowd of 一群……crowd into... 涌入/挤进……(2)crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；塞满的be crowded with 挤满了[即学即练]　单句语法填空①When I saw the terrible scene，many problems crowded into my mind.②They noticed a crowd of sharks swimming in the sea.③It is always crowded with customers at meal time.[小片段填空]The crowd crowded into the crowded town hall.(crowd)Sentence Pattern重点句式　with复合结构(教材P44)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle．“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。[句式分析]with复合结构由“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形：with＋名词(或代词)＋[例1]　He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.(伴随状语)他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。[例2]　With so many people absent，the meeting has to be postponed.既然这么多人没有来，会议只好延期了。(原因状语)[即学即练]　单句语法填空①With winter coming(come) on，it's time to buy warm clothes.②With all the things she needed bought(buy)，she went home happily.③With nothing to do(do)，Tom sleeps at home.④With a lot of difficult problems to settle(settle)，the manager feels very worried.⑤All the day she studied with the door closed(close)．标题归纳题记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：1．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?2．What can be a suitable title for the passage/text? 3．What is the best title for this passage?4．The most suitable title of this passage is ________．一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引起读者的阅读头趣。[例题分析]　Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter，including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台)．The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California，including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds，plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers' arguments：many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at，they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement：reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is，the longer its life and the more plastic­bag use it cancels out.However，longer­lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.方法技巧1．所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。2．标题的选择要在阅读原文的基础上仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系，对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何，避免以下三种错误：概括不够(多表现为部分代替整体)；过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；以事实或细节代替抽象概括的大意。3．文章讲述了使用塑料袋造成的环境问题；纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源；并希望消费者使用可重复使用的袋子。文章对这三个方面进行了对比，故Plastic，Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。★What is the best title for the text?A．Plastic，Paper or NeitherB．Industry，Pollution and EnvironmentC．Recycle or Throw AwayD．Garbage Collection and Waste Control[答案]　A[即学即练]请快速确定下面这段文字的标题In the fall of 1988，I visited many Buddhist temples，but after a while they all began to fade from my memories.However，there was one temple that left a great impression in my heart.It is called the Temple of the Golden Buddha.After walking around it and taking some photos，I walked over to a glass case，next to which was a typewritten page describing the history of this magnificent piece of art.Back in 1957 a group of monks from a monastery(修道院) had to relocate a clay Buddha from their temple to a new location.The monastery was to be relocated to make room for the development of a highway.When the crane(吊车) began to lift it，the weight of it was so large that it began to crack.What's more，rain began to fall.The head monk decided to lower the statue back to the ground and cover it with a large oilcloth to protect it from the rain.Later that evening the head monk went to check on the Buddha.He shined his flash­light under the oilcloth to see if the Buddha was staying dry.As the light reached the crack，he noticed a little beam shining back and thought it strange.As he took a closer look at this beam of light，he wondered if there might be something underneath the clay.He went to fetch a chisel and hammer from the monastery and began to chip away at the clay.As he knocked off pieces of clay，the little beam grew brighter and bigger.Many hours of labor went by before the monk stood face to face with the extraordinary solid­gold Buddha.Historians believe that several hundred years before the head monk's discovery，the army was about to invade the country.The monks，realizing that their country would soon be attacked，covered their precious golden Buddha with an outer covering of clay in order to keep their treasure from being robbed by the enemy.Unfortunately，it appears that the enemy killed all the monks，and the well­kept secret of the golden Buddha remained uncovered until the day in 1957.As I flew home I began to think to myself，“We are all like the clay Buddha covered with a shell of hardness created out of fear，and yet underneath each of us is a ‘golden Buddha’，a ‘golden Christ’，or a ‘golden spirit’，which is our real self.Somewhere along the way，from two and nine years of age，we begin to cover up our ‘golden spirit’，our natural self.Much like the monk with the hammer and the chisel，our task now is to discover our true spirit once again.”★What might be the best title of the passage?A．Visiting Buddhist TemplesB．The Golden BuddhaC．Protecting Their CountryD．Relocating the Buddha[答案]　B