英语人教版 (2019)Unit 1 People of Achievement说课ppt课件

阅读教材P8～9课文，选择最佳答案

1．What subjects did Albert Einstein like best in middle school?

A．Politics and geography.

B．Physics and maths.

C．English and art.

D．Chemistry and history.

2．When did Einstein publish four extraordinary physics papers?

A．In 1902.　 B．In 1904.

C．In 1905.     D．In 1906.

3．Why was Einstein awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics?

A．Because of his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

B．Because of his courageous and kind character.

C．Because of his strong passion for knowledge.

D．Because of his full­time research at a university.

4．What happened to Einstein in 1933?

A．He came to power in Germany.

B．He was forced to leave Germany.

C．He moved to Europe for his degree.

D．He refused to work as a researcher in the US.

[答案]　1－4　BCAB

Words and Phrases

　circumstance n．[usually pl.] 条件；环境；状况

(教材P5)There is nothing we can do to help Linda.Her circumstances are beyond our control.

我们帮不了琳达什么忙。她的处境是我们无法控制的。

[例1]　He was forced by circumstances to do this.

他做这件事是为形势所迫。

[例2]　There is one important circumstance you have not mentioned.

还有一个重要的条件你没提到。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换

①In/Under the circumstances, we must rely on ourselves.

②Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.

③You must leave your position under/in no circumstances.

→In/Under no circumstances must you leave your position．

[名师点津]

以下短语均意为“决不；无论如何也不”，置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。

at no time, in no way, in no sense, on no account, on no condition

　construction n．建造；建筑；建筑物

(教材P5)The building under construction was designed by I．M.Pei — a famous Chinese­American architect.

正在建造的大楼是由著名的美籍华裔建筑师贝聿铭设计的。

[例1]　Construction of the new road has now been completed.

新公路的建造现已完工。

[例2]　This is a fine construction.

这是一个完美的建筑。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①The novel is constructed of/from a series of on­the­spot reports.

②The old house was constructed (construct)out of wood.

③It's dangerous to get close to the building under construction.

④一家新的工厂正在建造中。

A new factory is under construction．

[小片段填空]

Subways are under construction or to be constructed in many Chinese cities to deal with traffic jams.

中国许多城市正在考虑修建或已经在修建地铁以解决城市的交通拥挤问题。

　come to power(开始)掌权；上台

(教材P8)Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany.

1933年，当希特勒在德国掌权时，情况发生了变化。

[例1]　Three years later, he came to power.

三年后，他上台掌权了。

[例2]　This party came to power at the last election.

这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政党的。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①Do you know when he came to power?

②China is a country where the people are in power.

③It's beyond my power to understand how the computer works.

④那个英明的人是何时执政的？

When did that wise man come to power?

[名师点津]

come to power表示动作，be in power表示状态，所以come to power不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，而be in power可以。

How long has he been in power?

他执政多久了？

　consequence n. 结果；后果

(教材P8)As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.

结果，他不得不逃离德国。

[例1]　Nobody can tell what the consequences may be.

没有人能说出可能的后果。

[例2]　This could have serious consequences for the economy.

这可能会给经济带来严重的后果。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换

①She was a bright and eager student and, consequently (consequence), did well in school.

②The warming of the earth and the consequent (consequence)climatic changes affect us all.

③It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was cancelled.＝It rained yesterday and as a consequence the match was cancelled.

④The city was in ruins as a result of a severe earthquake.

→The city was in ruins in consequence of/as a consequence of a severe earthquake.

　take up a position担任；任职

(教材P8)After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.

在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国普林斯顿大学高等研究院找到了一份研究员的工作。

[例1]　I won't take up much of your time.

我不会占用你很多时间。

[例2]　I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.

我愿接受你的邀请，搭你的车进城。

[即学即练]——完成句子

①他拿起电话听筒开始拨号码。

He took up the telephone receiver and began to dial.

②如果你相信他， 你一定会受骗。

If you trust him, you will certainly be taken in．

③记者们迅速记下讲话的内容。

The reporters took down the content of the speech in shorthand.

④我最近和一个朋友聊天，他在一家新成立的公司任职。

I talked with a friend recently who took up a position at a start­up company.

[图形助记]　图释take off/up/down

　remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的

(教材P9)Apart from his remarkable achievements, what does the passage tell us about Einstein's life?

除了他卓越的成就，关于爱因斯坦的生活这篇文章还告诉了我们什么？

[例1]　All kinds of remarkable things began to happen.

各种不寻常的事开始发生。

[例2]　These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.

这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①I wouldn't like some of them to make a remark on my private affairs.

②It's rude to remark on/upon the appearance of others.

③The writer, Mo Yan, got remarkable(remark)achievements in writing.

④评论家们指出该剧不是原创的。

Critics remarked that the play was not original.

⑤她听到这坏消息时，表现出非凡的勇气。

She showed remarkable courage when she heard the bad news.

[小片段填空]

Most people make many remarks without saying anything remarkable．

很多人话语连篇，可就是不值一分钱。

　sum vi. 总结；概括　n．金额；款项；总数；总和

(教材P9)Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.

用你的笔记来写一个介绍，并总结你对这个人的看法。

[例1]　The expenses came to an enormous sum.

开支总数巨大。

[例2]　The sum will be increased by fifteen per cent.

金额将要增加15%。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①In sum, the two countries are now true economic partners.

②She summed it up as “the most brilliant lecture I've ever attended”．

③我很快地算出了需要花费的钱数。

I did a quick sum to work out how much it would cost.

④他出一笔巨款买了这所房子。

He paid a large sum for the house.

Sentence Patterns

　独立主格结构

(教材P8)He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well­known being the general theory of relativity...

他对世界做出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对论……

句式分析：句中the most well­known being the general theory of relativity为“名词＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。

[例1]　The question being settled, we went home.

问题解决之后，我们就回家了。

[例2]　We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting.

假设明天天气好，我们就进行比赛。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①Time permitting(permit), we'll go to your house.

②Lots of homework to do(do), I have to stay at home all day.

③如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。

More time given, we should have done the job much better.

④会议结束了，老师们一个个地走了出来。

The meeting over, the teachers went out one by one.

⑤班长病了，我们最好还是延期开会吧。

The monitor being ill, we'd better put the meeting off.

　as though/if引导方式状语从句

(教材P8)He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.

他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。

句式分析：句中as though “好像；似乎”，引导方式状语从句，相当于as if引导方式状语从句。

[例]　The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.

空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下很少的氧气。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①He shook his head as if (he was)to say (say)“Don't trust her”．

②He did something wrong but looked as if nothing had happened (happen).

③她对待这个孤儿就好像对待自己的亲儿子一样。

She treats the orphan as if/though he were her own son．

④他老爱说大话，就仿佛他是一位重要的人似的。

He likes to talk big as though he were an important person．

直接信息题

直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。也就是说，命题者设置的题目比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答。

[例文]

This month millions of American kids can forget about classroom bells and set off for grandparents' homes, sleep­away camps and lifeguard stands.But summer vacation hasn't always been a birthright of U．S.schoolchildren.Before the Civil War, schools operated on one of two calendars (日历), neither of which included a summer vacation. Urban students, meanwhile, regularly had as many as 48 weeks of study a year, with one break per quarter.

What did the rural school calendar before the Civil War allow children to do?

A．Enjoy a summer vacation.

B．Take a break each quarter.

C．Have 48 weeks of study a year.

D．Assist their parents with farm work.

★试题特点

1．考查事件、地点、人物和物品的具体细节；

2．问题一般比较直白；

3．答案常是原文的一个词或一句话，但可能变换了说法；

4．错误选项往往明显与原文内容不符。

★解题思路

Step 1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)

Step 2：根据关键词定位信息句(□中句)

Step 3：尝试解答——根据信息句可知，内战前的农村校历让孩子们在春天播种和秋天收获时过假期，帮助父母干农活。故选D。

[针对性练习]

Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2­year­old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree.She lives at the National Zoo in Washington               D．C.

And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on.And she's not the only one.In the moments before the quake, an orangutan (猩猩)let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.

“It's very different from their normal call，” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper.“The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar)will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”

But you can't see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you can—if you're an animal.

“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，” said Brandie Smith.“That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”

1．Why did Mandara act strangely one day?

A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.

B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.

C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.

D．Because an earthquake had happened.

A　[根据第一段“Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.”可知，一天Mandara表现得很奇怪因为它感觉有一些不同寻常的事情要发生，故选A。]

2．According to Brandie Smith, ________．

A．many animals' hearing is sharp

B．earthquakes produce two types of waves

C．primates usually gather together before a quake

D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake

A　[根据第五段“‘Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，’said Brandie Smith.‘That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.’”可知，Brandie Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐，故选A。]