高中人教版 (2019)Unit 5 Working the Land教学课件ppt

1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.忠诚的；深爱的→devotion n．奉献；忠诚

2．short adj.短的；不足的；短期的→shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺→shorten vt.使变短

3．character n．性情；(小说、戏剧中的)人物；角色→characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的

4．convention n．常规；习俗；惯例→conventional adj.传统的；习惯的

5．assume v．假定；设想→assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得

6．real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上→reality n．现实；实际情况；事实

7．salt n．盐→salty adj.含盐的；咸的

1．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺  n．增长；提高；激励

①These changes will help to boost food prices.                  vt.使增长

②This has given clothing prices a big boost.                     n．增长

③This measure will be a great boost to the economy.              n．激励

2．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加  vt.扩展；发展(业务)

①The ranks of the teachers are constantly expanding.         vi.扩大；增加

②The merchant wants to expand his business.                     vt.扩大

③The writer expanded his short novel into a long one.              vt.扩展

3．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算

①The painter's estimate for painting the whole house was 1，000 dollars.

                                       n．估计；估价

②This painting is estimated at $200­$300.            

vt. 估价

③He estimated the speed of the winds from the degree of damage.

vt. 估算

4．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的

①The two species have several characteristics in common.

n.特征；特点

②I recognized his characteristic walk.                 adj.典型的；独特的

③Independence is the outstanding characteristic of a person.          n.品质

Words and Phrases

　devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于

(教材P50)Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he has devoted his life.

确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。

[例1]　We should devote everything we have.

 我们应该奉献我们的一切。

[例2]　He devoted a great sum of money to books.

他花了一大笔钱买书。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①His devotion(devote)to the cause of education is well­known.

②Qian Xuesen has been devoted to China's aerospace all his life.

③Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping(help)others rebuild.

④他将一生奉献给了教育事业。

He devoted himself entirely/all his life to education.

[小片段填空]

He could only devote two hours a day to the project, but his devotion to duty is worth respecting.

他一天只能在这个项目上花两个小时，但他忠于职守是值得尊敬的。

　convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服

(教材P50)Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.

袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。

[例1]　Robert's expression had obviously convinced her of his innocence.

罗伯特的表情显然使她相信他是清白的。

[例2]　She needed to find a way to convince Michel he was wrong.

她需要想办法使米歇尔相信他错了。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①I am quite convinced of her experience in it.

②I'm not completely convinced(convince)(that)he knew the importance of practice.

③His speech was so convincing(convince)that everyone present believed what he said.

④我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。

We've been trying to convince him to give up the plan．

⑤她说的话让我相信我错了。

What she said convinced me that I was mistaken.

⑥我自己都不会相信，更别提说服别人了。

I'm not going to believe it myself, never mind convince anyone else．

　assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得

(教材P50)The common assumption then was that it could not be done.

当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。

[例1]　We mistook assumption that the price would fall.

我们错误地认为价格会下降。

[例2]　Your argument is based on a set of questionable assumptions.

你的论证建立在一套有问题的假设上。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子

①Assuming(assume)that it rains, what shall we do?

②The project was predicated on the assumption (assume)that the economy was expanding.

③一般认为，过重的工作会造成压力。

It is generally assumed that too much work will cause stress.

④在听到对他不利的证词之前，你假定他是无罪的。

You assume him to be innocent before hearing the evidence against him.

⑤她总在猜别人有多少钱。

She's always making assumptions about how much money people have.

[小片段填空]

In most cases a false assumption would lead to a problem for the project, since we usually tend to assume that things will go the way we want.

在大部分的情况下，错误的假定会导致项目发生问题，因为我们通常倾向于假定事情会如我们所希望般的发生。

　overcome vt.(overcame, overcome)克服；解决；战胜

(教材P50)Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.

通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。

[例1]　In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.

在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。

[例2]　I would overcome any weakness, any despair, any fear.

我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。

[即学即练]——完成句子

①他克服了种种困难最终取得了成功。

He overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded at last.

②他突然对自己造成的伤害懊悔不已。

He was suddenly overcome with the harm he had done.

③她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。

She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.

　expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加  vt.扩展；发展(业务)

(教材P50)This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.

这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。

[例1]　The petals of many flowers expand in the sunshine.

许多花瓣在阳光下绽放。

[例2]　The business has expanded greatly over the last year.

过去的一年里，这家公司极大地增加了业务量。

[即学即练]——完成句子

①请你把这一点详细说明一下，好吗？

Could you expand on this point, please?

②他的工作室扩大规模而成为一家大公司了。

His studio was expanded into a big company.

③中国的信息产业正迅速发展。

The information industries are rapidly expanding in China.

　be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)

(教材P50～51)Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains.

据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。

[例1]　The committee is comprised of representatives from both public and private sectors.

委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。

[例2]　Groups are comprised of two or more people.

小组由两人或两人以上组成。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译

①A week consists of seven days.

②救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。

The rescue team is composed of eight soldiers and two doctors.

＝ The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.

＝The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and two doctors.

[名师点津]

consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。

Sentence Patterns

　what引导主语从句

(教材P50)However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.

然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。

句式分析：句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句。

[例1]　What we need is money.

我们需要的是钱。

[例2]　What I want to know is this.

我想知道的就是这一点。

[即学即练]——完成句子

①他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。

He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.

②小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。

The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours．

③把你买的东西给我看看。

Show me what you have bought．

④是什么使他哭的还不清楚。

What made her angry was not clear.

[名师点津]

what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略。

⑤你最好还是努力工作。

It's the best that you should work hard．

　It is/was＋过去分词＋that...

(教材P50～51)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains.

据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。

句式分析：句中it is estimated that“据估算”为 “It is/was＋过去分词＋that...” 结构。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。

[例1]　It is estimated that every year 50 unaccompanied children arrive in Britain.

据估计，每年有50名儿童独自来到英国。

[例2]　It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.

据估计这花瓶有两千年历史。

[即学即练]——完成句子/句型转换

①据报道，三分之一的市民打算购买私家车。

It is reported that one third of citizens plan to buy a private car.

②人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。

It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.

③这次会议预计要开4天。

It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.

④据说他已经通过了驾照考试。

It is said that he has passed the driving test.

→He is said to have passed the driving test.

　given that...引导的状语从句

(教材P51)Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.

考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。

句式分析：given that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。

[例1]　Given that they're inexperienced, they've done a good job.

在缺乏经验的情况下， 他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。

[例2]　Given that he gracefully apologized, the woman accepted his apology.

在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换

①The work must be done within the given(give)time.

②If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better.

→Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

③If they are given time, they'll probably agree.

→Given time, they'll probably agree.

④Given her interest in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her.

→Given that she is interested in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her.

1．However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.

[分析]　本句是一个复合句。句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句，that farmers...为that引导的表语从句，其中不定式短语to eat作名词food的后置定语。

[译文]　然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。

2．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.

[分析]　本句是一个复合句。句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generated from Yuan's hybrid strains作名词crops的后置定语。

[译文]　据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Nowadays many students devote too much time to playing (play)computer games.

2．This is the most convincing (convince)evidence that I can find.

3．Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding(expand)the area of the fields.

4．They were to meet at a given(give)time and place.

5．Shanghai food is rather oily, and Beijing food is salty(salt)and spicy.

6．We thought he was serious but in reality(real)he was joking.

7．People used to believe that dirt generated(generate)disease.

8．It is estimated(estimate)that not less than half a million people died in the famine.

9．That was the extreme southern limit attained(attain)by the courageous traveller.

10．The recent heavy rains have helped to ease the water shortage(short).

Ⅱ.短语填空

far from, devote...to, be comprised of, depend on, deep down

1．All these funds raised were devoted to the building of sports facilities and construction of stadiums.

2．The group is comprised of two guitarists, a drummer, and a singer.

3．We knew deep down that we could do it.

4．Whether the game will be played depends on the weather.

5．To be honest, your son is far from trust worthy.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

Yuan Longping is one of China's famous scientists, who is 1.known(know)as the “father of hybrid rice”．He was born in 1930 in Beijing.Because he wanted to tackle 2.the problem of low yield, he 3.chose(choose)to study agriculture at college.After graduation, he worked as a researcher and 4.was convinced(convince)that it's possible to create hybrid rice.After hard work he succeeded in 5.developing(develop)the first hybrid rice in 1974.Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan has received numerous 6.awards(award)both in China and abroad.Although his hybrids have made him quite 7.wealthy(wealth), he cares little 8.for celebrity and money.Instead, he makes large donations 9.to support(support)agricultural research.Now Yuan still tries to fulfil his new dreams and everyone is waiting to see 10.what he will dream up next.