高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land图片课件ppt

Ⅰ.匹配词义

A.单词匹配

第一组

(　　)1.crisis A．adj.very great；very strong；serious and

 often involving a lot of action in a short

 period of time

(　　)2.intense   B．adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的

(　　)3.output     C．n.产量；输出；输出量 vt.输出

(　　)4.domestic D．n.危机；危急关头

(　　)5.consumption E．vt.to produce or create sth.

(　　)6.generate  F．n.消耗；消耗量；消费

(　　)7.strain     G．n.闲暇；休闲；空闲

(　　)8.leisure     H．n.名望；名誉；名人；名流

(　　)9.soil     I．n.(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力

(　　)10.celebrity  J．n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土

[答案]　1－5　DACBF　6－10　EIGJH

第二组

(　　)1.urban     A．n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机

(　　)2.tunnel     B．adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的

(　　)3.extension     C．n.地下通道；地道；隧道

(　　)4.flavour     D．n.小麦；小麦籽

(　　)5.wheat     E．n.how food or drink tastes；

 a particular quality or atmosphere

(　　)6.alleviate     F．n.the state of being poor

(　　)7.poverty     G．vt.to make sth.less severe

(　　)8.grocery     H．n.营养；滋养

(　　)9.nutrition     I．n.根；根茎；根部；根源

(　　)10.root     J．n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货

[答案]　1－5　BCAED　6－10　GFJHI

B.短语匹配

(　　)1.devote...to　　 A．包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)

(　　)2.be comprised of B．例如；比如

(　　)3.deep down    C．相应地；转而；依次；轮流

(　　)4.in turn     D．把……用于；献身；致力；专心

(　　)5.for instance    E．在内心深处；本质上；实际上

[答案]　1－5　DAECB

Ⅱ.默写单词

第一组

1．tackle vt. 解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理

2．boost vt.     使增长；使兴旺

n.     增长；提高；激励

3．convince vt.     使相信；使确信；说服

4．attain vt.     (通常经过努力)获得；得到

5．overcome vt.     克服；解决；战胜

6．expand vt.& vi.  扩大；增加

vt.     扩展；发展(业务)

7．estimate  vt.  估计；估价；估算

n.     估计；估算

8．comprise vt.  包括；包含；由……组成

9．devote vt.     把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于

10．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的

n.     化学制品；化学品

第二组

1．widespread adj.  分布广的；普遍的；广泛的

2．digest vt.& vi.  消化

 vt.     领会；领悟

3．organic adj.  有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的

4．essential adj.  完全必要的；极其重要的

5．alternative n.  可供选择的事物

adj.     可供替代的；非传统的

6．entirely adv.  全部地；完整地；完全地

7．depth n.     向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)

8．instance n.  例子；实例；事例

Ⅰ.语境填词

attained，overcome，tackle，boosted，convinced，

essential，digest，comprises，widespread，organic

1．I don't know how to tackle this problem.

2．The total was boosted to nearly ￡2，000 by donations from parents.

3．We convinced Anne to go by train rather than plane.

4．She attained her ambition of becoming a pilot.

5．He has enough courage to overcome the difficulty.

6．This music album comprises the best hits of the year.

7．This disease is widespread in tropical areas.

8．The farm has changed over to organic methods.

9．It is essential that you should come home early.

10．It often takes a long time to digest new ideas.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．What is the depth(deep)of this lake?

2．This, I am sorry to say, is almost entirely(entire)wishful thinking.

3．He showed his poverty(poor)in his knowledge of agriculture.

4．Adapt your usual eating regimen to make it more nutritious(nutrition).

5．Any shortage(short)could push up grain prices.

6．What are the characteristics(character)that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?

7．The chairman made a few conventional(convention)remarks.

8．We are working on the assumption(assume)that the techniques are safe.

1．Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research.

然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。

2．Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.

袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积。

3．A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.

杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。

4．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.

据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。

5．Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.

考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。

词语助读

①(be)known as the “father of hybrid rice” 被称为“杂交水稻之父”

②consider himself a farmer

自认为是个农民

③work the land耕种土地

④devote one's life to致力于；献身于

⑤pursue a career in science

 or medicine从事科学或医学方面的事业

⑥have poor harvests粮食歉收

⑦have a serious shortage of food严重缺乏食物

⑧tackle this crisis应对这一危机

⑨choose to study agriculture选择学习农业

⑩after graduating in 1953 在1953年毕业之后

⑪work as a researcher从事研究工作

⑫boost yields提高产量

⑬a challenging question一个具有挑战性的问题

⑭the creation of hybrid rice杂交水稻的培育

⑮conventional crops传统作物

⑯a matter of great debate一个有很大争议的问题

⑰through intense effort通过不懈的努力

⑱overcome enormous technical difficulties克服巨大的技术难题

⑲expand their output增加产量

⑳it is estimated that...据估计

㉑be comprised of由……组成

㉒depend on rice as well也依赖大米

㉓because of his invaluable contributions因为他的不可估量的贡献

㉔receive numerous awards获奖无数

㉕make him quite wealthy使他变得相当富有

㉖a life of leisure闲适的生活

㉗be far from the case事实远非如此

㉘deep down在内心深处

㉙care little for celebrity or money不太在乎名声和金钱

㉚make large donations to

support agricultural research

大量捐款以支持农业研究

㉛his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams他不断实现梦想的能力

㉜as tall as sorghum像高粱一样高

㉝succeed in producing a kind of rice成功培育出一种水稻

㉞become a reality成为现实

㉟open up开辟

㊱despite his advanced years尽管年事已高

㊲dream up想起；想象出(不寻常的事物)；凭空设想

课文呈现

A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE

Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”①， is one of China's most famous scientists.Yet, he considers himself a farmer② because he continually works the land③ in his research(1).Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he has devoted his life④(2).

(1)because引导原因状语从句。

(2)to whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese farmers。

Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine⑤.However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests⑥ and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food⑦ to eat(3).To tackle this crisis⑧， he chose to study agriculture⑨ and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.

(3)what concerned him most为主语从句，that farmers...为表语从句，其中不定式短语to eat作名词food的后置定语。

After graduating in 1953⑩， he worked as a researcher⑪.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution(4).Instead, farmers needed to boost yields⑫ in the fields they had(5).How this could be done(6)was a challenging question⑬ at the time.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice⑭(7).A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops⑮(8).However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self­pollinating plants such as rice(9)was a matter of great debate⑯.The common assumption then was that it could not be done(10).Through intense effort⑰， Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties⑱ to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming(11)in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output⑲ greatly.

(4)that引导宾语从句。

(5)they had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fields。

(6)how引导主语从句。

(7)that引导宾语从句。

(8)that引导表语从句。

(9)whether引导主语从句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to develop a hybrid of self­pollinating plants such as rice。

(10)that引导表语从句。

(11)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hybird rice。

Today, it is estimated that⑳ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of㉑ crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year(12).Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well㉒(13), such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions㉓， Yuan Longping has received numerous awards㉔ both in China and abroad.

(12)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generated from Yuan's hybrid strains作名词crops的后置定语。

(13)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词countries。

Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy㉕， one might think he would retire to a life of leisure㉖(14).However, this is far from the case㉗.Deep down㉘， Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil, he cares little for celebrity or money㉙.Instead, he makes large donations to support agricultural research㉚.

(14)Given that...引导原因状语从句，he would retire to a life of leisure为省略了that的宾语从句。

What impresses people most about Yuan Longping(15)is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams㉛.Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum㉜， with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice㉝ that could feed more people at home and abroad(16).His latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality㉞， and potentially opened up㉟ nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Despite his advanced years㊱， Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up㊲ next(17).

(15)What引导主语从句。

(16)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rice。

(17)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第二个分句中what he will dream up next是what引导的宾语从句。

译文参考

为所有人的先驱

袁隆平，被称为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。

袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。为了这一危机，他选择了学习农业，就读于重庆西南农学院。

1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。然而，是否有可能培育出一种自花传粉的杂交植物，如水稻，这是一个有很大争议的问题。当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。

据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他的不可估量的贡献，袁隆平在国内外获奖无数。

考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。作为一位农民，他不太在乎名声和金钱。相反，他大量捐款以支持农业研究。

袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。他成功地培育出一种可以养活国内外更多人的水稻，他对“海水水稻”的最新设想也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。尽管年事已高，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，每个人都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。