人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration教学课件ppt

1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extended adj.伸出的，伸展的；延长的；持续的

2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n．协商，谈判

3．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀→murderer谋杀犯；杀人凶手

4．withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回；撤离→withdrawal n. 收回；取回；撤回；撤退；撤走

5．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的

1．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的

①The merchants of Arab are doing their things all of the world.

n.商人

②He is a wholesale merchant.  n.批发商

③This is a merchant ship of 5，000 tons. adj.海上货运的

2．negotiate vt. 商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商

①We've decided to negotiate  a loan with them.  vt.商定

②He negotiated a new contract with the sellers.  vt.达成(协议)

③Are the employers really willing to negotiate？ vi.谈判

3．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合

①You need a strong adhesive to bond wood to metal. vt.使牢固结合

②The team has bonded together well.  vi.增强信任关系

③The experience created a very special bond between us.  n．纽带；关系

Words and Phrases

　set sail起航；开航

[教材原句P26]　However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.

然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前的许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。

[例1]　We made a great deal of money，so we decided that it was time to set sail for home.

我们大赚了一笔，因此我们决定该是启程回家的时候了。

[例2]　The biggest problem with the Titanic wasn't that the captain was expecting a safe journey when he set sail.

泰坦尼克号最大的问题并不是船长在启航时期待一次安全的旅程。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Christopher Columbus set sail for the New World in the Santa Maria.

②A big ship ploughed the sea at full sail.

③Let's go for a sail this afternoon.

④On this date in 1492，Christopher Columbus set sail from Palos，Spain，on a voyage that would take him to the present­day America.

在1492年的今天，克里斯托弗·哥伦布从西班牙的帕洛斯启航，这次航行将把他带到现在的美洲。

　extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长

[教材原句P26]　A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)．

以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。

[例1]　During the epidemic outbreak，China extended its helping hand to many other countries around the world.

在这次流行病爆发期间，中国向世界上许多别的国家伸出了援助之手。

[例2]　 The meeting extended late into the night.

会议继续到深夜。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The tourist season extends from May to October.

②The girls competed for it，their hands extended out into the air.

③I mean to be talking about a single thing that was extended through time.

④The teacher extended the deadline of our paper by twenty­four hours.

老师把我们论文的最后期限延长了二十四小时。

　negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商

[教材原句P26]　Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.

在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。

[例1]　Rents are individually negotiated between landlord and tenant.

租金由房东和房客单独协商。

[例2]　 When you enter a second­hand shop，do not care about the price tag，it often shows the owner is prepared to negotiate.

当你走进一家二手商店时，不要在意标价签。那通常表示店主准备和你砍价。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①We are negotiating for the release of the prisoners.

②I'll negotiate with their coach on the date of the match.

③So what is the best way to negotiate your way into a mobile work lifestyle?

④Why don't you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue once and for all?

您为什么不直接与他进行协商，一劳永逸地解决这个问题？

　league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛

[教材原句P26]　These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.

这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。

[例1]　He was so complicated，just someone way out of her league.

他是那么老于世故，与她完全是两路人。

[例2]　She was in league with her mother to embarrass me.

她和她母亲联合起来叫我下不了台。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①He is a bit out of your league.

②He is privately in league with some bandits.

③As a woodworker，Bill wishes he were in the same league as Carl，who is a master carpenter.

作为一名木工，比尔希望他能和卡尔水平相当，成为像他一样的木匠大师。

　withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离

[教材原句P26]　Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.

尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。

[例1]　In order not to be disturbed he wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list.

为了不被打扰，他想从客人名单中撤回自己的名字。

[例2]　He didn't withdraw his remarks and apologize.

他既没收回发言，也没道歉。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Tell the men to withdraw from their new position.

②I'd like to withdraw 1，000 dollars from my savings account and put it in my cheque account.

③He has made several withdrawals(withdraw) from his bank account.

④He was forced to withdraw from the competition due to injury.

由于受伤，他不得不退出比赛。

　bond n．纽带；关系 vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合

[教材原句P27]　The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.

这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。

[例1]　A strong spiritual bond exists between them.

他们俩在精神上紧密地结合在一起。

[例2]　 This glue makes a good firm bond.

这种胶水粘得很结实。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①There's a bond between the twins.

②Silver overlay is bonded to the entire surface.

③In half a dozen words，he had explained the bond that linked them between them．

他用了六七个字就解释清楚了他们之间的关系。

　in hand在手头；可供使用

[教材原句P27]　Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.

数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。

[例1]　I haven't any money in hand.

我手头一分钱都没有。

[例2]　 Having enough data in hand，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled.

手头有了足够的资料，我们可以按照安排开始执行我们的计划了。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Soon school will end and the vacation will be at hand.

②Higher returns and higher risk usually go hand in hand.

③Even for personal letters，I'd rather use a computer than write by hand．

即使是写私人信件，我也愿意用电脑而不愿用手写。

Sentence Patterns

　what引导名词性从句

[教材原句P26]　In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.

在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的 “丝绸之路”。

句式分析：句中what became known as the Silk Road为what引导的名词性从句，作介词along的宾语。

[例1]　They've done what they can to help her.

他们已经尽力帮助了她。

[例2]　 He is no longer what he was.

他已经不是以前的那个样子了。

[即学即练]　完成句子——用what引导的名词性从句

①We now live in what is called the Information Age.

我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。

②What we can't get seems better than what we already have．

我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。

③China is no longer what it used to be ten years ago.

中国不再是十年前的样子了。

　as引导非限制性定语从句

[教材原句P26]　Over the centuries，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.

几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索増多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。

句式分析：句中as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容。

[例1]　As is known to the United States，Mark Twain is a great American writer.

美国人都知道，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。

[例2]　He forgot to bring his pen with him，as was often the case.

他忘了带笔，这是常有的事。

[即学即练]　完成句子/一句多译

①This man，as you know，is good for nothing.

这个人，正如你所知道的，一事无成。

②As I told you before，this is also part of your work.

正如我曾告诉过你的，这也是你工作的一部分。

③Einstein，as is well known，is a famous scientist.

＝ It is well known that Einstein is a famous scientist.

＝ What is well known is that Einstein is a famous scientist.

众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。

1．[教材原句P26]　Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.

[分析]句中不定式短语to negotiate trade deals 作目的状语，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures 为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。

[译文]在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。

2．[教材原句P27]　Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore.

[分析]句中Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times 为although引导的让步状语从句；不定式短语to explore作名词places的后置定语。

[译文]尽管郑和所航行的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The family was forced to live on credit from local merchants (merchant)．

2．We have protected our unity and struggled to perfect our union by extending (extend) basic rights to all our people.

3．The party in office has to negotiate with the parties out of office over this proposal.

4．As a painter he is in a league of his own.

5．She quickly withdrew(withdraw) her hand from the hot iron which had damaged her skin.

6．There are four specialized radio channels(channel)，which broadcast different kinds of programmes.

7．I hesitated，not wanting to tell tales(tale) about my colleague.

8．I saw them making their way，hand in hand，down the path.

Ⅱ.短语填空

set sail；in a league of one's own；withdraw from；in hand；negotiate with

1．While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers，the drivers of New York are in a league of their own．

2．Sylvia，camera in hand，asked，“Where do we go first？”

3．The liner will set sail for New York at once.

4．A back injury forced her to withdraw from the game.

5．The trade union is negotiating with the employers to get a better contract now.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along 1.what became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，2.centred(centre) around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)．Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and 3.exploration (explore)．Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail 4.from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.The ancient sea 5.routes(route) travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，6.which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.The aim of this initiative is 7.to encourage(encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and 8.strengthen(strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the world.In recent years，China 9.has joined(join) other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic in order to understand climate change and 10.its(it) effects.