人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A课文课件ppt

Period 2（Section A 3a-4c）

设计说明

　　本节课是在第一节课的基础上，进一步学习和庭院拍卖会有关的内容。3a是一个父亲写的有关他们家的庭院拍卖会的情况。课文通过真实的语境，进一步学习和运用现在完成时，并加强单词和短语的学习。然后通过带有语境的练习和活动，让学生学会使用这些词汇。通过回答问题、复述等形式，加强学生对课文的理解和掌握。对语法部分精讲精练，通过一系列的讲解、对比、练习等活动让学生了解和掌握现在完成时表示持续性动作或状态的用法，这是本节课的重点和难点。最后通过练习，完成该课时的教学目标。

教学目标

　　1. 知识目标

　　（1）掌握单词和短语：junior，clear，bedroom，own，railway，part，certain，honest，while，truthful，hometown；junior high school，clear out，no longer，part with，as for，to be honest。

　　（2）掌握句型：①We have decided to each sell five things  that we no longer use. ②My daughter was more under-standing，although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. ③...but，to be honest，I have not played for a while now.

　　2. 能力目标

　　（1）能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息，提高阅读能力。

　　（2）正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时；正确理解和运用for 和since。

　　3. 情感目标

　　正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品，提高资源利 用率。

重点难点

　　1. 重点：

　　（1）掌握本课时出现的生词和短语。

　　（2）能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。since和for在现在完成时中的使用。

　　2. 难点：

　　正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时；掌握for 和since的用法。

教学准备

　　多媒体课件、录音机和磁带。

教学过程

　　Step 1　Revision

　　Check the homework

　　1. Match the words with the Chinese meanings.

　　2. Complete the phrases according to the Chinese meanings.

　　（1）初级中学 junior high school

　　（2）清理；丢掉 clear out

　　（3）不再；不复no longer

　　（4）放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西）part with

　　（5）至于；关于as for

　　（6）说实在的 to be honest

　　Step 2　Warming up & Leading in

　　Show students the picture and ask：Look at the picture. This is Jeff’s family. What are they going to do?

　　Ask other questions and let them answer：

　　When do people usually have yard sales?

　　Why are the sales called “yard sales”?

　　What kinds of things do people sell at the yard sale?

　　Why do people like to buy things at the yard sale?

　　Step 3　Reading

　　1. Fast reading.

　　3a　Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?

　　Answers：Son：a train and railway set；a toy monkey

Daughter：certain toys　　Father：football shirts

　　2. Careful reading.

　　Read the article and choose true（T）or false（F）.

　　（1）My daughter is 15 and my boy has already started junior high school.（F）

　　（2）Our house really gets smaller.（F）

　　（3）My son was quite sad at first.（T）

　　（4）My daughter felt happy to part with certain toys.（F）

　　3. Work on 3b. Read the article again and answer the questions.

　　Answers：1. Because the children got bigger and their  house seemed to get smaller.　2. They want to give the money to a children’s home.

3. Because he has owned it since his fourth birthday，and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. 　4. They can be sold to the people who need them.

5. Yes，I have. I would give it to the charity.

　　Step 4　Practice

　　1. Work on 3c. Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.

    lose—part with  kids—children

　　truthful—honest   many—a lot of

　　some time—a while even though—although

　　quickly—fast  older—bigger

　　2. Choose the words or phrases to fill in the blanks.

　　A：Ken，what are you doing?

　　B：I am putting away some toys with my children.

　　A：What are you doing it for?

　　B：My kids are growing up fast. As they have gotten bigger，they haven’t played with the toys for a while now. So we are clearing out a lot of things，and we have decided to give them to the Sunshine Home for Children.

　　A：Well，that sounds good. Do Sandy and Bob agree with the idea?

　　B：To be honest，Sandy feels quite sad to part with her teddy bear. Because when she was a little girl，she couldn’t go to bed without it. Bob is more understanding although it is hard for him to say goodbye to his basketball.

　　A：Maybe you can take Sandy and Bob out for a big dinner as a reward for being so generous.

　　B：Great idea!

　　Step 5　Cooperative inquiry

　　Discuss the following language points in groups and fill in the blanks.

　　1. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. 我们已经从我们的卧室里清理出了许多东西。

　　clear out意为“清理；丢掉”。

　　2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我们决定每人出售五件不再使用的东西。

　　no longer意为“不再；不复”，有时可用 not...any longer 或 not...anymore 替换。

　　He no longer lives here.（= He doesn’t live here any longer.）他不再住在这儿了。

　　3. My daughter was more understanding，although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. 我的女儿更能理解一些，尽管她也觉得要和某些玩具分开很伤心。

　　（1）certain此处用作形容词，意为“某种；某事；某人”。

　　He decided to sell his certain toys.

　　他决定卖掉他的某些玩具。

　　 【拓展】certain形容词，意为“确定的，无疑的”。

　　常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定会做某事

　　be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定/有把握

　　be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事

　　be certain +从句　一定……

　　He was quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。

　　（2）part with意为“放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西）”。

　　Don’t part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。

　　4. As for me，I did not want to give up my football shirts， but，to be honest，I have not played for a while now. 至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没踢（足球）了。

　　（1）as for意为“至于；关于”。

　　As for us，we are fortunate.至于我们，我们是幸运的。

　　（2）to be honest意为“说实在的”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth“老实说，说实话”。

　　To be honest，she is not an honest girl.

　　说实在的，她不是一个诚实的女孩。

　　Step 6　Grammar Focus

　　1. Group work.

　　Read the sentences below. Compare the present perfect tense and the simple past tense. Find out the differences between them.

　　（1）—How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？

　　—I’ve had it for three years. 我买了三年了。

　　（2）—How long has his son owned the train and railway  set? 他儿子拥有那套火车和铁路轨道（玩具）多长时间了？

　　—He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.

　　　自他四岁生日时起，他就拥有了它。

　　（3）—Have you ever played football?你曾经踢过足 球吗？

　　—Yes，I did when I was little，but I haven’t played for a while now. 是的，我小的时候踢过，但是我现在已经有一段时间不踢了。

　　2. Explain the present perfect tense.

　　（1）意义和用法：表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间”连用，如“for +时间段”“since +时间点”“since +一般过去时的从句”“since +一段时间+ ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。

　　My uncle has worked in this factory for ten years.

　　= My uncle has worked in this factory since ten years ago. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作10年了。

　　I’ve lived here since 1990.

　　自从1990年起我就住在这里。

　　I haven’t seen him for three years.我三年没有见他了。

　　She’s been at this school since five years ago.

　　自从五年前起她就在这个学校。

　　（2）句中动词的特点

　　此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）。判断下列句子的正误。

　　① 这本书我买了5年了。

　　I have bought the book for five years.（×）

　　I have had the book for five years.（√）

　　② 约翰参军多长时间了？

　　How long has John joined the army? （×）

　　How long has John been in the army/been a soldier?（√）

　　（3）非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换

　　①转换为相应的延续性动词（短语）。

　　borrow—keep　　　　 put on—wear

　　catch a cold—have a cold get to know—know

　　go to sleep—sleep  buy—have

　　②转换为“be +形容词/副词/介词/名词”。

　　begin/start—be on　　 go out—be out

　　close—be closed　　 open—be open

　　get to/arrive/reach—be（in） die—be dead

　　leave—be away（from） finish—be over

　　fall asleep—be asleep make friends—be friends

　　join—be in/be a member of become—be

　　come/go—be +相应的介词短语

　　3. Choose the right answers.

　　（1）Becky has been（has been，has become）a doctor for ten years. She likes her job very much.

　　（2）We are late. The movie has been on（has started，has been on）for ten minutes.

　　（3）Ken，you should return the book to the library. You have kept（have borrowed，have kept）it for more than two weeks.

　　（4）I have had（have bought，have had）this bike since I was ten，so I want to buy a new one.

　　Step 7　Practice

　　Work on 4a.

　　1. Read the sentences. Confirm the structure of the predicate part of each sentence should be used. For example：

　　（1）has been in  （2）haven’t eaten

　　（3）have had  （4）have known

　　（5）has been ill

　　2. Work in pairs to determine each sentence’s time adverbial. For example：

　　（1）for three days  （2）for ten hours

　　（3）since 2009  （4）for three years

　　（5）since Monday

　　3. Let students write complete sentences. Then check the answers in class.

　　Suggested answers：2. They haven’t eaten for ten hours.

3. I have had a camera since 2009.

4. I have known Anna for three years/since three years ago.

5. Linda has been ill since Monday.

　　Work on 4b.

　　1. Ask students to read the sentences first，and then fill in the blanks according to the time adverbial.

　　2. Check the answers in class.

　　Answers：1. have never been；go

             2. have never owned，have always wanted

             3. have had；bought

             4. have not/haven’t been；miss

5. has been；is

　　Step 8　Summary

　　In this lesson，we have learned：

　　1. Words：junior，clear，bedroom，own，railway，part，certain，honest，while，truthful，hometown

　　2. Phrases：junior high school，clear out，no longer，part with，as for，to be honest

　　3. Sentences：

　　（1）How long have you had that bike over there?

　　（2）My daughter was more understanding，although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.

　　（3）To be honest，I have not played for a while now.

　　4. Grammar：The present perfect tense.

　　Step 9　Homework

　　1. Finish off 4c.

　　2. Go over 3a and Grammar Focus.

板书设计

教学反思