2023年高考英语二轮复习易错题精选（新高考专用）08过去分词（Word版附解析）

这是一份2023年高考英语二轮复习易错题精选（新高考专用）08过去分词（Word版附解析），共11页。试卷主要包含了易错题类型，举一反三，易错题通关等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题08  过去分词  备战2023高考英语考试易错题（新高考专用）（解析版） 【易错题01】 过去分词作定语( 2022全国乙卷 )  It can help to build a community with a  __66_  （share）future for mankind," he said.【答案】 shared 【错误分析】 上下文逻辑意思理解不清楚，为关注设空处后面的名词。【解题思路】 由设空处后面名词可知，此处需分词作定语。future与share之间为被动关系，为前置定语，故填shared。( 2022全国甲卷 ) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation   43   (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.【答案】  held【错误分析】 对句子主干把握不好，导致非谓语在句子中的成分判断不当。【解题思路】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 【易错题02】 过去分词作状语1.（2022-2023河南加印一高周测卷） There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【答案】caused【错误分析】误以为被动语态或错用现在分词作伴随状语，不能判断非谓语的句子成分。【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise 与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。2.You’ve probably heard that most Canadians want governments to do more on climate. That’s what two-thirds of the public tell pollsters when ________ (ask). 【答案】 asked【错误分析】不能判断是状语从句的省略结构。【解题思路】 考查省略句。句意：这是三分之二的公众在接受民意调查时的回答。此处when引导时间状语，是一个省略句，ask与主语two-thirds of the public之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词，还原后为：when they are asked。故填asked。 【易错题03】 过去分词作补语 （2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us ___________（astonish）. 【答案】astonished【错误分析】 未能牢记常跟宾语补足语的动词。【解题思路】 考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished. 【易错题03】 过去分词作表语1.White Cane Safety Day is an observance celebrated on October 14 of each year since 1964. It is a day of the White Cane, a tool that allows the visually impaired (障碍) people to travel independently and get_______(identify) easily.【答案】 identified【错误分析】 不熟练get作为系动词的用法，并且判断非谓语的主被动关系能力不强。【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。句意：那是白色手杖的日子，白色手杖是一种可以让视力受损的人独立旅行，并且很容易被认出来的工具。固定短语get done，表示“遭受…，被…”的意思，所以用过去分词形式做表语。故填identified。2.（2021新课标II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 【答案】 excited【错误分析】 对excite词义掌握不熟，并且判断非谓语的主被动关系能力不强。【解题思路】考查分词形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。【知识拓展】过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。 注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等。In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries _________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.【答案】studied【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 【答案】decorated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_________(challenge). 【答案】challenged【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处feel为系动词，之后缺表语，故用过去分词challenged，表示"被挑战的"，所以用过去分词。With a note __________ (attach) to the gift inside the package, it expressed Tom’s best wishes to me.【答案】attached【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：包裹里的礼物上贴着一张纸条，表达了汤姆对我最好的祝愿。分析句子可知，“With a note　　　 (attach) to the gift inside the package”是“with复合结构”，动词attach作宾语note的补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语note之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词表被动。故填attached。________（compare) with most biopic (传记片) productions that tend to document the whole life of the featured individual, this series focuses specifically on the individuals' most shining moments. 【答案】 Compared【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与大多数倾向于记录个人一生的传记片相比，这个系列特别关注个人最闪耀的时刻。be compared with为固定短语，意为“与……对比”，句子已有谓语动词focuses，此处需填非谓语动词作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。Recently, she was able to return a galah to its owner, two years after it had gone missing. “If we can't find their owners after one or two years, we put them up for adoption, reluctantly in most cases, because we get very________(attach) to them,” Ms. John said. “I cry when they go.”【答案】attached【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意：如果一两年后我们找不到它们的主人，我们就把它们送去领养，大多数情况下是很不情愿的，因为我们对它们非常依恋。此处是连系动词get后面，用形容词作表语。故填attached。Then Nina runs across a self help book, 30 Things I Love About Myself, ________ (write) by Radhika Sanghani. 【答案】written【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后Nina偶然发现了一本由拉迪卡·桑哈尼（Radhika Sanghani）写的自助书《我爱自己的30件事》。根据句型分析可知，此空应填非谓语形式做后置定语，修饰30 Things I Love About Myself，且动词write和30 Things I Love About Myself二者之间是被动关系，应填过去分词作后置定语。故填written。Foods ________ (intend) for old people and children should be soft, tasty, small and light. 【答案】intended【解析】考查过去分词。句意：给老年人和儿童吃的食物应该是软的、好吃的、小的、轻的。分析句子可知，句意已有谓语动词be，所以空处应填非谓语动词形式，且与其逻辑主语Foods为被动关系，所以填过去分词形式intended表被动，作后置定语，且be intended for为固定搭配，表示“用于，打算为……所用”。故填intended。  The game of weiqi can date back to 4000 years ago. There are mentions of a similar game ________ (call)yì made by Confucius and Mencius but it is not certain that it is the same game.【答案】called【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人提到孔子和孟子创作的一种类似的游戏，名为“弈”，但不确定它是否是同一种游戏。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语作game的后置定语，动词call与game之间是动宾关系，因而用过去分词形式表示被动。故填called。The earliest ________ (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century.【答案】preserved【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的制作卤菜的秘方可以追溯到《齐民要术》，这是一本写于5世纪的中国古代农业著作。分析句子结构可知，句中已经有谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作定语，和修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填preserved。3．_________ (give) some advice by a famous musician, the young singer was not worried about his performance any more.【答案】Given【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：获得了著名音乐家的建议后，年轻的歌手不再担心她的表演了。 the young singer was not worried about his performance any more为主句，此处做状语，give与主语the young singer之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，故填Given。4.________(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.【答案】found【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large __________ (compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population【答案】compared【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.【答案】marked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。Ordinary soap, _________（use） correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.【答案】used【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词used。8._________ (move) by the peaceful music, he decided to study classical music in university.【答案】Moved【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被平和的音乐所打动，他决定在大学里学习古典音乐。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为decided，所以空处需填非谓语动词形式，句子主语he和move之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。故填moved。9.It comes from “wikiwiki”, a Hawaiian word for “quick”. Two Americans, Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, created Wikipedia in 2001. It is now the fifth-most________ (visit) website on the Internet. 【答案】visited【解析】考查过去分词。句意：它现在是互联网上访问量第五大的网站。visit和名词website之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填visited。10.The rising demand, ________ (combine) with reduced habitat, has caused an alarming increase in the number of plant and animal species used for medicinal purposes at risk for many years. 【答案】combined【解析】考查过去分词。句意：结合栖息地的减少，不断增长的需求导致多年来用于药用目的的植物和动物物种数量惊人地增加。根据句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词。The rising demand与combine是动宾关系，故用过去分词combined作后置定语。故填combined。During the Tang Dynasty, around 850 A．D．, an enterprising alchemist created a mixture, which had no obvious effects on lengthening life, but did explode with a flash and a bang when ________ (expose)to an open flame.【答案】exposed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在唐代，大约公元850年，一位富有进取心的炼金术士创造了一种混合物，这种混合物对延长寿命没有明显效果，但当暴露在明火中时爆炸了。be exposed to“暴露于……”为固定短语，此处省略be用过去分词和when构成时间状语。故填exposed。One of her works features 20 people________ (dress) in traditional costumes with musical instruments in hand, singing and dancing in a grape garden. 【答案】dressed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的一幅作品描绘了20个穿着传统服装的人，手拿乐器，在葡萄园里唱歌跳舞。此处表示“穿着”短语为be dressed in，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填dressed。According to the FAO, over 155 million people experienced serious food insecurity in 2020, the highest number in the past five years. This was caused by conflict, extreme weather events and economic shocks________ (relate) to COVID-19. 【答案】related【解析】考查非谓语。句意：根据粮农组织的数据，2020年有超过1.55亿人经历了严重的粮食不安全，是过去五年来的最高数字。。】这是由冲突、极端气候和与新冠相关的经济冲击引起的。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为was caused，由句意可知，设空处是非谓语作后置定语。逻辑主语economic shocks和relate为动宾关系，应该用过去分词表被动来作后置定语。故填related。It is estimated that by the end of this year, the number of people using hanfu products in China will reach 6.89 million, with total sales ________ (expect) to reach 10.16 billion yuan. 【答案】expected【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据估计，到今年年底，全国使用汉服产品的人数将达到689万人，总销售额预计将达到101.6亿元。分析句子结构，谓语动词为is estimated，with的复合结构作状语。其中with后宾语total sales缺少宾补，所以空处为非谓语作宾补，修饰total sales。total sales和expect为动宾关系，需要用过去分词作宾补。故填expected。15.In recent years, “Made in China” has increasingly been recognized as the representation of Chinese culture ________ (offer) by homegrown Chinese brands, or simply “China -Chic.” 【答案】offered【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，“中国制造”越来越被认为是中国本土品牌提供的中国文化的代表，或者简称为“China -Chic”。分析句子结构，谓语动词为has been recognized，空处为非谓语动词作定语。the representation of Chinese culture和offer之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填offered。16.That hasn’t stopped people from signing up and blasting off. NASA’s Apollo program had ended but private companies are readying their own space programs. A company________ (name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars. Maybe you’ll be a member of them. Don’t forget to bring your dog. 【答案】named【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那也阻止不了人们报名上太空。美国国家航空航天局的阿波罗计划已经结束，但私营公司正在准备自己的太空计划。美国一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将民用宇航员送上火星。也许你会成为他们中的一员。别忘了带上你的狗。分析句子可知，空格处要填非谓语动词，在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词company，且name与company之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，意为“被称作”。故填named。17.It found that, against the commonly ________ (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature's presence in the English­language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain and the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million. 【答案】seen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反，2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%，并且年度总销售额为2,710万美元。此处为非谓语动词see与其逻辑主语构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语“被经常看见的”，故填seen。18．Eating soil can produce more effective results ________ (compare) to eating slimming pills, claimed researchers from an Australian university.【答案】compared【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚一所大学的研究人员称，与吃减肥药相比，吃土壤能产生更有效的效果。动词compare与其逻辑主语eating soil属于动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填compared。19．You could buy secondhand clothing, too, as a useful way to extend the lifespan (寿命) of items already________ (create). 【答案】created【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你也可以买二手衣服，作为延长已经制作的物品寿命的有效方法。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语could buy且无连词，create为非谓语动词作定语，修饰items，create与逻辑主语items为被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式，故填created。20．It was estimated that around 1.2 million tons of artificial snow were produced for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ________ (hold) in February this year.【答案】held【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据估计，为今年2月举行的2022年北京冬奥会生产了约120万吨人造雪。分析句子可知，“that”引导的从句中有谓语动词“were produced”，空格处应用非谓语动词，“2022 Beijing Winter Olympics”与“hold”为逻辑上的动宾关系，空格处应用“hold”的过去分词“held”作后置定语。故填held。21．Instead of relaxing evenings _____________ (spend) with friends, Leonardo preferred studying Latin by himself.【答案】spent【解析】考查过去分词。句意：比起和朋友们度过轻松愉快的夜晚，莱昂纳多更喜欢自己学习拉丁语。动词spend意为“度过”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语evenings构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填spent。People in modern times can read the classic works ________(write) by Chinese in ancient times. 【答案】written【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现代人可以读到中国人在古代写的经典作品。分析句子结构可知write在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the classic works构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填written。23.．With enough humor ________ (throw) in for good measure, the newly-published novel is not just all serious. 【答案】thrown【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部新出版的小说中加入了足够的幽默，并不完全是严肃的。分析句子可知，提示词是with复合结构中宾语humor的补足语，动词短语throw in与其逻辑主语humor之间是被关系，应用过去分词表被动和完成。故填thrown。24.．_________   (fill) with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. 【答案】Filled【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：充满了愤怒，你会想到什么就说什么。主语you与fill是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表被动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Filled。25．______(influence) by Chinese culture, many capital cities in the world have China towns.【答案】Influenced【解析】考查过去分词。句意：受中国文化的影响，世界上许多首都都有中国城镇。本句已有谓语have且无连词，动词influence用非谓语形式，逻辑主语many capital cities与动词influence是动宾关系，influence用过去分词表被动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Influenced。26._______（use） with care, one tin will last for six weeks.【答案】 used【解析】考查过去分词做状语。此处use和句子的主语one tin之间为动宾关系，故填过去分词used作条件状语。句意：如果细心地用，一罐可以用6周。27._______(absorb) in the romantic melody, the talented pianist lost track of time.【答案】Absorbed【解析】考查过去分词。句意：这位才华横溢的钢琴家沉浸在浪漫的旋律中，忘记了时间。be absorbed in意为“专心于”，为固定搭配。所以应用过去分词作状语。故填Absorbed。28.Watch out for your silly behavior. Don't you see a camera ________(position) in an unnoticeable corner? 【答案】positioned【解析】考查过去分词。句意：当心你愚蠢的行为。你没看到摄像头放在一个不显眼的角落吗？动词position意为“放置”，和逻辑主语camera构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填positioned。For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______ (connect). 【答案】connected【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些家人离得很远的人来说，电脑和手机是保持联系的重要工具。stay是系动词，此处后面接形容词性过去分词connected作表语；connected 意思为“有联系的”。故填connected。In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_______________（stick）abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.【答案】stuck【解析】考查过去分词。句意：今年4月，由于火山灰云，数千名度假者仍滞留在国外。remained是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，因为表示度假者被滞留，所以空处需用过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。While waiting for the opportunity to get________(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.【答案】promoted【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候，Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如“get burnt”被烫伤，get paid获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。The hairdresser showed me a book with so many diverse hair styles that I got _______(confuse)and didn't know which one to choose.【答案】confused【解析】考查get +过去分词结构。句意为：美发师展示给我一本里面有很多不同发型的书，我感到很困惑，不知选择哪一个。get+过去分词的系表结构强调状态的变化。I like to get up early so that I can get plenty of work      ___ (do) before lunch．【答案】done【解析】句意：我喜欢早起，这样我就能在午饭前完成大量的工作。在so that引导的从句中，“大量的工作”和“做”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，构成get sth done 使某事被做。She was too nervous to speak with so many eyes ______(fix) on her.【答案】fixed【解析】句意：这么多人注视着她，她紧张得说不出话来。分析可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，eyes与fix之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补。Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car __________________（wash）.【答案】washed　【解析】考查过去分词做宾补。Get…done意为：“让……做某事”，此处为过去分词作宾补。With her attention ________(fix) on the book, the girl sat there quietly.【答案】fixed【解析】句意：那个女孩全神贯注地看书，静静地坐在那里。分析可知，句子为with的复合结构作状语，fix和her attention为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。The adobe dwellings (土坯房)　　　　(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.  【答案】built　【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;土坯房是被建造的,故用过去分词作定语,表被动。A study of travelers　　　　(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.  【答案】conducted　【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; conduct与其逻辑主语study之间为被动关系,故填conducted。The survey  shows that roughly three-quarters of the 86 tree species  ________ (survey) have shifted their population centers westward since 1980.【答案】surveyed【解析】考查非谓语。所做的调查显示，大约86个被调查的树木中有四分之三的树种它们的中心移到了西部。分析句子可知，本句中的tree species是被调查，所以要用过去分词 surveyed作后置定语。故填surveyed。The report, which was published in The Lancet in 2019, was based on research done with students ________ (age) 11 to 17 in 146 different countries.【答案】aged【解析】考查过去分词。基于对146个国家11至17岁学生的研究，该报告于2019年发表在《柳叶刀》上。这里用age的过去分词，构成分词短语aged 11 to17，作后置定语表示：来自146个不同国家的年龄11至17岁的生。故填aged。