2022临沂一中高一下学期开学考试英语试题含解析

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临沂一中2021级高一下学期入学检测英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。2.请将第Ⅰ卷题目的答案用2B铅笔涂在答题卡上。3.请把第Ⅱ卷的答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡的制定位置，写在试卷上答题无效。4.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much is a pound of tomato now?A. Eighty cents.        B. One dollar.        C. One dollar and ten cents.2. Why is the woman worried?A. She can't find her child.    B. She lost her cellphone.    C. She missed her bus.3. What does the man want the woman to do?A. Go to school with him.    B. Help him with his studies.    C. Go to the theater with him.4. Who bought the piano?A The woman's father.        B. The man's father.        C. The woman.5. Why does the boy have to stay at home?A. He has to do his homework.B. He is being punished by his mother.C. His mother will take him to go shopping later.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man think of his job?A. A bit boring.        B. Quite enjoyable.        C. Very difficult.7. What does the man want to do in a few years?A. Earn more money        B. Work in the countryside    C. Find a job in a zoo听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. How long did the man play football this afternoon?A. Three hours.        B. Four hours.        C. Five hours.9. Why didn't the man go for dinner with his friends?A. Because he still wanted to play.    B. Because he was not hungry.    C. Because he was too tired.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How was the weather yesterday?A. Hot.            B. Cool.            C. Cold.11. What did the man speaker do yesterday?A. He visited a friend.        B. He stayed at home all day.    C. He went swimming with a friend.12. What do we know about the man speaker?A. He still feels terrible now.    B. He feels very hungry now.    C. He hasn't taken any pills yet.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When will the man leave for Canada?A Next Monday.        B. This Sunday.        C. This Saturday.14. What's the man worried about?A. How to make some friends.B. How to get along well with others.C. How to make others understand him.15. What does the woman think of the man?A. Hard working.        B. Easy-going.        C. Outgoing.16. What do we know about the woman?A. She is afraid to introduce herself to others.B. She tries to remember other people's names.C. She is bad at making a conversation.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who might the speaker be?A. A chocolate maker.        B. A shop assistant.         C. A tour guide.18. How long did it take to build the factory?A. About two years.        B. About four years.        C. About seven years.19. What is the most popular thing in the factory?A. Boxes of chocolates.        B. Chocolate cakes.        C. Chocolate eggs.20. What will the listeners do next?A. Buy tickets.        B. Visit a shop.        C. Eat cakes.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe vast Caspian Sea, though sometimes classed as a lake, is the largest landlocked body of water in the world. The gateway between Europe and Asia, it is bordered by Iran to the south, Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Turkmenistan to the east, while Kazakhsta’s Mangystau region lies to the northeast. Many visitors crowd to Caspian Sea every year to experience its beauty.FISHINGFishing is a popular pastime and important industry throughout the waters of the Caspian Sea. From the shores of Mangystau in Kazakhstan, it is possible to rent fishing boats or join fishing tours to spend a day fishing on the water.SAILINGThe Caspian Sea is filled with boats, ferries and ships. It is a popular way to travel from other major port cities such as Baku in Azerbaijan to Aktau, or down the mighty Volga Canal. Meanwhile, on a smaller scale, boats can be rented from Aktau for a day on the water.WATERSPORTSThe beaches of Mangystau, lapped by the waters of the Caspian Sea, are the jumping off points for many popular water sports. In the summer months especially, visitors enjoy sunbathing and taking a refreshing dip, while more active holidaymakers can windsurf and parasail to their hearts’ delight.1. How many countries are there circling around the Caspian sea?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.2. What can you do if you want to fish on the Caspian Sea?A. Buy your own boat. B. Employ a local fisher.C. Rent a fishing boat. D. Buy fish on the boat.3. What will you do if you are an adventurous person?A. Go swimming. B. Go diving. C. Go sunbathing. D. Go windsurfing.BIn the UK, there is a popular route for cyclists: the road from Land’s End in England to John O’Groats in Scotland, about 874 miles long. It covers almost the full length of Great Britain. The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. Chandler took 20 days to finish the challenge. Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily. Chandler had to push through rainy and windy days. Cycling uphill was also hard. “It was much harder than I thought. I wasn’t expecting so many hills and how busy the roads were,” Chandler said. “But if you put your mind to anything, then no matter how big, you can do it.”Chandler first thought of trying the route when he read an article about it two years ago. Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. He was already used to cycling around his village and to school before starting his journey. During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips (兔唇).4. What do we know about Laurence Chandler?A. He is a cycling lover. B. He is fond of reading.C. He cycled through England. D. He is a green hand in cycling.5. What is suggested from Paragraph 2?A. Chandler was challenged by the trip.B. Few people chose to cycle the route.C. The journey was really disappointing.D. Chandler rode the same distance every day.6. What helped Chandler decide to try the route?A. A related article. B. The voluntary work.C. His father’s birthday. D. The disabled children.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. A teenager finishing a great tripB. A popular cycling route in the UKC. A road leading England to ScotlandD. A children’s organization for cyclistsCIf you have lived in New York City for many years, like I have, the skyline becomes part of you and your daily life. When I was invited to visit the recently completed Summit One Vanderbilt, New York’s fourth-highest tower, I wasn’t expecting much. I felt like I’d seen it all and I thought that this observation deck (观测台) would be another space for a view of the city, but nothing else. Let me tell you something: I have never seen one like this before. It sits on top of a building on 42nd street and Vanderbilt, right next to Grand Central Station. Once you have ascended to the top floor, you step into air, which makes you feel like being at l,000 feet above ground level with its mirrored floors. Once you make your way throughout the space, you feel like New York is part of a body, and your sense of space is challenged by the reflections of the light. The reflections create endless possibilities for photos and videos, and the light changes throughout the day. I took out my camera and began to take photos, feeling a connection with the city that no other observatory has been able to give me. Summit is something unique, an art work with architecture. It will be an observatory that will change with the city. I personally can’t wait to take photos at sunset, or when winter arrives.8. How did the author feel when invited to visit Summit One Vanderbilt?A. Curious. B. Happy. C. Amazed. D. Uninterested.9. What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Risen. B. Turned. C. Referred. D. Adapted.10. What can be learned about Summit One Vanderbilt?A. It is the only tower in New York.B. It lies far from Grand Central Station.C. It provides a good place for taking photos.D. It is exactly 1, 000 feet high from the ground.11. What’s the purpose of the text?A. To stress a point. B. To introduce a site. C. To raise awareness. D. To promote tourism.DWe regularly hear how important consumer spending is for the economy. The story goes like this:the more consumers spend,the more money circulates in the economy, which contributes to healthy job growth and profits. Keynes, a British economist,went as far as to say that individuals saving their money may actually be hurting the economy. Sounds troubling, doesn’t it?Fear not. You aren’t actually hurting anyone else by saving money. Strong economic growth only comes from one place:savings. Not consumption. In fact,economic activity should not be mistaken for economic growth. For example,somebody takes their money, walks into a store, and purchases goods. The store increases its revenue.But what happens to all of those goods and services that people have chosen not to consume by saving their money? Simple:Other people are allowed to consume them. Think of it this way:When you lend out your savings, you are actually saying,“Here, I am not going to consume right now, so why don’t you?” Banks simply play the middleman:they collect lots of people’s savings and then lend out lots of funds.It takes an unbelievable amount of goods and services to construct a building. It takes food, shelter, and entertainment for all of the workers, as well. Without savings,it is quite impossible to finance such a construction. The coordination(协调)between savings and consumption is a necessary basis for sound economic growth. This coordination is also why consumer lending (say , to borrow a big sum of money to buy a car) is not productive,in a strict sense. It doesn’t increase the net (净的) amount of wealth of an economy. Those savings could have been used to construct, say, factory equipment.None of this means consumption and spending are “bad” things. They simply do not make us wealthier. After all, the final goal of production and savings is to consume. But to say that consumption is the engine of economic growth is to put the cart before the horse. Or, to rephrase: the consumption of wealth can never make you wealthier. Happier, perhaps. Wealthier, no.12. What is the author’s attitude towards Keynes’ theory?A. Approving. B. Reserved(矜持的).C. Uncertain. D. Critical.13. The underlined word “revenue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to‘‘_________”.A. cost B. reputationC. interest D. income14. According to the author, which chart could show the effect of savings on economy?A.  B. C  D. 15. What would be the best title for this passage?A. The Saving Behavior of the EconomyB. Consumption:a Key Concept in EconomyC. Consumer Spending and Economic GrowthD. The Truth about Savings and Consumption第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。______16______Being angry doesn’t really solve much, but what people do when they feel angry is important. The goal is to calm down and try to solve what is bothering you. This is hard for some kids and adults, too. instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like volcano（火山）！______17______Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper. ______18______Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break. something, or even worse, hit their brothers or sisters._____19_____However, it’s not for a kid to do any of those things. Kids don’t want to act in this way, but sometimes angry feelings can be hard to manage. So what to do？Well, the good news is that kids don’t just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again. _____20_____ Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training. The puppy is not bad —— it will probably turn out to be a great dog. It just needs to learn some rules because, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you.A. Everybody gets angry sometimes.B. You don’t want to cause trouble.C. Kids should be allowed to express their feelings,even angry ones.D. You can train you temper.E. In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.F. Instead of thinking of the person you’re angry with,think of something else.G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。After a rough week all I wanted was a good rest. I went to the beach nearby for some ____21____ time with myself. It was a lovely, warm weekend in California, kids joyfully ____22____ in the water, or building sandcastles. As I was leaving, I ____23____ a girl playing by herself. She built a little sandcastle with a moat (护城河) around it and was trying to fill it with water. Unfortunately, there was no ____24____ around to carry water. She would go to the waves,____25____ her hands and then walk back to her little castle. ____26____, not much of the water was making it to the moat. But she kept trying, still smiling and ____27____. As I was standing there watching her, feeling helpless, I ____28____ that I had a bottle of water in my bag. I quickly ____29____, took it out, and walked over to ____30____ it to her. Confused at first, she smiled but ____31____ her head shyly, saying no. I told her that it would make getting the water much faster. She ____32____ and finally took it from my hands after I insisted (坚持), Looking back, I saw her running over to the sea with a big smile, ____33____ in hand. For me, it was a tiny ____34____. But I also know that when she meets someone in need, maybe, she would think of this little act of kindness by a ____35____. And maybe she would help create a little gentler world around her.21. A. crazy B. free C. busy D. hard22. A. playing B. sleeping C. washing D. skiing23. A. observed B. caught C. heard D. noticed24. A. bowl B. box C. container D. spoon25. A. raise B. cup C. wash D. wave26. A. Sadly B. Luckily C. Amazingly D. Surprisingly27 A. lonely B. honest C. safe D. hopeful28. A. believed B. decided C. realized D. expected29. A. dug in B. set off C. picked up D. gave away30. A. explain B. hand C. throw D. point31. A. hung B. held C. nodded D. shook32. A. smiled B. opened C. failed D. promised33. A. castle B. pack C. bottle D. bag34. A. experience B. act C. idea D. change35. A. designer B. fisherman C. stranger D. friend第Ⅱ卷第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese freestyle skier Eileen Gu was already a ____36____ (win) on the FIS World Cup circuit before competing at the Winter Youth Olympic Games (YOG) 2020. After winning YOG gold in both halfpipe and bigair, the 17-year-old has ____37____ (firm) established herself as one of the rising stars in the sport, and is now hoping to inspire others.If I'm 80 years old and looking back at my life, I don't think ____38____ number of medals is going to matter as much as memories of reading messages from young girls ____39____ (say) that I was the one who inspired them to start skiing, or who showed them that it was possible to do bigger tricks and that ____40____ (woman) could do it too.To be able to inspire them-that's a really big thing for me. And I also just want ____41____ (enjoy) the experience. I have a lot of things going on in my life, ____42____ I think it's important to be able to enjoy the road that I feel very ____43____ (luck)to be on. Not many people have the chance to compete at such a high-level event in front of the world. So, I'm really, really thankful ____44____ all the chances I've had. And my _____45_____ (big) ambition is just to make a difference and to be able to use those chances for the greater good.”第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，得知北京2022年冬奥会正在招募英语服务志愿者，请你给北京冬奥会组委会写一封信，申请成为一名学生志愿者并提供相关服务。内容包括：1. 自身优势；2. 计划和打算；3. 请求批准。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 信的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：2022北京冬奥会the 2022 Beijing Winter OlympicsDear Sir or Madam,I’m Li Hua, a Senior Two student. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mum and Her Bank AccountMy family had the tradition to sit down by the kitchen table every Saturday night to count out the money Dad had brought home.These are for the rent, and these for the groceries. “ Mum counted out and divided the big silver pieces.I’ll need a notebook, “ That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me.After Mum put one or two coins to the side for the notebook, she said that was all we needed to buy for the week and we all relaxed a little. We didn’t have to go downtown and draw money out of Mum’s bank account, which could always give us such a warm and secure feeling for having enough to afford the life.When Nels graduated from grammar school , he needed some money for high school We sat by the table and I offered my “ Little Bank” which was used for sudden emergencies such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to see a doctor. I laid the box carefully in front of Mum. After counting out the money in the little bank and finding there was not enough, we all agreed not to go to the bank but to find some ways.Nels volunteered to work in Dillon’s grocery after school and Dad said he would give up smoking. Now there was enough money. We felt relieved.So many things came out of the little bank that year: Christine’s dress for the school play, Nel’s operation ... Whatever happened , we always knew we still had the bank to depend on. We never used her bank account.That was twenty years ago.Last year, I sold my first story. When the money came I thought of Mum’s bank account.注意 1.续写词数应为120左右:2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。So I hurried over to Mum’s home._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Knowing that there was no bank account at all, I felt shocked._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________