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湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高一英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高一英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分2，15， C 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
长郡中学2021-2022学年度高一第一学期期末考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分10分）
做题时，将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do at 7:00?
A. Have dinner with Mike.
B. Work in the office.
C. Go out with the woman.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, Jason, do you want to join Mike and me for dinner? We are going to the Rose Restaurant at 7:00.
M: I have to work till 7:30, but why don’t I meet you afterwards?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the shirt?
A. The color. B. The rice. C. The design.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’d like to buy a shirt. Look, this purple shirt is in an interesting color and the price is reasonable.
W: Yes, but I am afraid that the design is in bad taste.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Gary’s works.
B. Gary’s list of samples.
C. Gary’s application.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Gary, how is your application going? Have you heard anything yet?
M: It seems that I’m on the shortlist. Now the selection board wants to see some samples of my published works.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the man plan to do on March 1st?
A. Go to the mountains.
B. Call the travel agent.
C. Apply for some classes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I just called the travel agent. It’s at set. On March 1st, I’m heading for the mountains for an entire week.
W: Have you checked the academic calendar because my classes aren’t over till the seventh?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Amy plan to go to Rome?
A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Amy. What are you reading? Is that an Italian grammar book?
W: Yeah. I’m trying to teach myself some Italian, because I’m going to Rome next semester.
M: What’s the reason for this sudden interest in Italy?
W: Well, actually I was planning to take some courses about medieval（中世纪的）architecture, and it was said that Rome is the best in that field.
第二节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6 What course won’t the girl attend?
A. African music. B. Basic Spanish. C. Business.
7. On which days does the girl have advanced piano classes?
A. Thursdays. B. Tuesdays. C. Mondays.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Well, pretty busy.
M: Did you register for the new term?
W: Yeah, I registered this morning.
M: Going to take any business classes?
W: No, I don’t think so. I’m going to take African music. It meets on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday every week.
M: Hmm. Well, any piano classes?
W: Yeah, I’m taking advanced piano. It meets every Monday.
M: How about the basic requirement courses?
W: I’m going to take English composition and basic Spanish.
M: Sounds like a full schedule!
W: Yeah, I’m going to be really busy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Which family holiday does the man recommend?
A. The one on the 19th. B. The one on the 18th. C. The one on the 20th.
9. Where will the woman probably go?
A. Spain. B. France. C. Greece.
10. What do we know about The Hotel Playa?
A. It is a five-star hotel. B. It has a swimming pool. C. It has its own beach.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you have any family holidays for next week?
M: Let’s see. There is one on the 18th. The 19th is full and the 20th is no good because it’s just for two people.
W: Where are the holidays?
M: In France, Spain and Greece. The cheapest holiday is in France but this is in an apartment. If you want to stay in a hotel, it will cost less to go to The Hotel Playa in Spain.
W: OK. What kind of hotel is it?
M: It has three stars. I doesn’t have its own beach but it has its own swimming pool and children’s club.
W: That’s OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. Ata TV station.
12. What does Bob like doing?
A. Taking pictures. B. Playing tennis. C. Riding bikes.
13. What did the woman dream of being?
A. A tennis player. B. A bank clerk. C. A shop owner.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Mary.
W: Come on, Ken. It’s time to go.
M: Wait a moment, please. I just have to close up the shop. By the way, can you give my brother a ride home tonight after the game?
W: Of course. You mean Bob is coming, too?
M: Yeah He wants to take some pictures. He’s really interested in photography.
W: Oh. Does he want to be a photographer after graduation?
M: Yes, he wants to work for a TV station.
W: That sounds like an interesting job.
M: I guess so. But a lot of people want to be photographers, too. He has to work hard.
W: But it’ll be really nice if he can work at something he’s interested in. I wanted to be a tennis player, but now I work in the bank.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How long has Louise been working at the center?
A. About six months. B. About two years. C. About one year.
15. How did Louise feel when she started working at the center?
A. Excited. B. Confident. C. Nervous.
16. What is the most rewarding part of the job?
A. Helping the less able children achieve more.
B. Thinking of new things for children to do.
C. Seeing children have a lot of fun.
17. What does Louise say about working at night?
A. It’s unfair for her to do it. B. It’s a necessary part of the job. C. It’s something that she enjoys.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I have with me this evening Louise Graham, a group leader at Ravensfield Outdoor Adventure Center for children. Louise, how long have you been there?
W: Well, before I first went there, two years ago, I thought I’d probably only stay for a year, but after six months or so I really started to enjoy the job. So I’ve been there ever since. To be honest, I was lacking in self-confidence, and when I first arrived, I was a bit worried about making mistakes. I was frightened I might put the children in danger because of my inexperience.
M: What’s the best thing about your work?
W: One thing I like is seeing them have so much fun, even if sometimes their behavior isn’t perfect. And I can suggest activities that haven’t been tried before. But there are always some children who haven’t quite got as much ability as others, and for me the most rewarding part of the job is getting them to succeed in things they haven’t managed to do before. It’s hard work though. Sometimes you are on duty at night.
M: Mm, what do you think about that?
W: Well, I can’t say I look forward to starting work at 10:00 pm, but the kids have to be looked after 24 hours so someone has to do it and all the staff take turns.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What organizations used to have a lot of power according to the speaker?
A. Libraries and printing companies.
B. Universities and bookstores.
C. Newspapers and publishers.
19. Why do many city people like e-books?
A. They are easier to carry.
B. They are cheaper.
C. They are more interesting.
20. What can we learn about Border’s Group?
A. They were bought by a tech company.
B. They made billions of dollars this year.
C. They used to have more than 600 stores.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Books have always been an important part of people’s lives. Libraries were important parts of both universities and town centers, and many of the first successful companies in modern times made their money by selling books. Like newspapers, publishers used to have a lot of power and influence, but nowadays, the companies that control digital information seem to have taken over. In particular, e-books have replaced traditional books for most modern readers, especially in big cities, for whom everything has to be easy to carry and convenient to use. Tech companies like Amazon and Apple sell “e-readers” that can contain thousands of books, and their online stores list millions of titles, far more than any bookstore could ever hold.
As more and more people buy computers, smart phones, and tablets, the market for e-books continues to grow. Many traditional book publishers and bookstores have gone out of business. For example, Border’s Group used to be one of the largest bookstores in the United States, with more than 600 locations and billions of dollars in sales every year. But after e-books appeared, they started losing money and had to close all their stores.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children's Books That Teach Empathy and Kindness
Little Blue Truck
By Alice Schertle
Little ones are introduced to Blue, a little pickup truck that gets stuck pushing a dump truck out of the mud in this board book. Thankfully, Blue made a group of animal friends along the way that are happy to do whatever they can to help him get back on the road. The main themes are kindness and the benefits of helping others.
Most People
By Michael Leannah
The book is an amazing lesson for kids that want to do good in the world and that there are plenty of good people out there. Told in the third person, the book tells the story of two pairs of siblings (兄弟姐妹) and the people they meet.
If You Plant a Seed
By Kadir Nelson
A mouse and a rabbit teach children how to plant and grow food, while also passing along some valuable lessons. After learning that a carrot seed will grow a carrot, and a cabbage seed will result in a cabbage, children also learn the value of thoughtfulness and how a seed of kindness can bear sweet fruit.
Save Me a Seat
By Sarah Weeks and Gita Varadarajan
Joe lived in the same town all his life and felt perfectly pleased until his best friend moved away. Ravi's family recently moved from India to the US and he's struggling to find where he belongs. Even though Joe and Ravi at first believe that they don't have much in common, they both realize they have a common enemy-the biggest bully (仗势欺人者) in their class. Save Me a Seat is a story about the true meaning of friendship and understanding.
21. What can children get from reading Little Blue Truck?
A. Happiness of helping others. B. Importance of protecting animals.
C. Ways of dealing with trouble in mud. D. Being friendly to strangers around you.
22. Which book is mainly about food?
A. Little Blue Truck. B. Most People.
C. If You Plant a Seed. D. Save Me a Seat.
23. What do we infer from Save Me a Seat?
A. Joe was regarded as a bully by Ravi. B. Ravi was used to living in India soon.
C. Ravi and Joe had nothing in common. D. Ravi and Joe became friends at last.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本关于教导同理心和善良的儿童书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Little Blue Truck中“The main themes are kindness and the benefits of helping others.”（主题是善良和帮助别人的好处。）由此可知，孩子们通过读Little Blue Truck可以得到“帮助别人的快乐。”故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据If You Plant a Seed中“A mouse and a rabbit teach children how to plant and grow food, while also passing along some valuable lessons.”（一只老鼠和一只兔子教孩子们如何种植食物，同时也传授一些有价值的课程。）由此可知，If You Plant a Seed这本书主要是关于食物的。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Save Me a Seat中“Even though Joe and Ravi at first believe that they don't have much in common, they both realize they have a common enemy-the biggest bully (仗势欺人者) in their class. Save Me a Seat is a story about the true meaning of friendship and understanding.”（尽管Joe and Ravi一开始认为他们没有什么共同点，但他们都意识到他们有一个共同的敌人——班上最大的恶霸。《Save Me a Seat》是一个关于友谊和理解的故事。）由此推知，Ravi and Joe最后变成了朋友。故选D。
B
When Kyle Jauregui recently went to pick up his younger sister's birthday cake, he met with a bittersweet surprise.
On arriving at the baker's, he learnt that Madison's cake had already been paid for—by a complete stranger. It was a touching act of kindness, but, as it turned out, not a random one. The cake had been paid for by a lady known simply as “McKenna's mum” —as part of a gesture she had been making for a while, and for a heartbreaking reason.
While Madison was set to celebrate turning 11, McKenna Jodell Fox would have turned ten on the same day. McKenna was only nine months old in 2008, when she was crushed by a falling TV set as her family prepared to move house.
It's a painful occasion for her mum, but one she has transformed into something positive. The cake she bought was accompanied by a card which read as follows:
“Dear Birthday Girl Family,
In honour of my daughter's 10th birthday, I have chosen your birthday cake to pay for. Each year I do this random act of kindness because I am unable to buy my daughter a cake of her own. Today is her big double-digit birthday. Please enjoy your day. ”
By Kyle's own admission, the whole family was left speechless. “We just want to say thank you to McKenna's mom,” he wrote,“and wish McKenna a happy birthday. There's still good in this world. ”
24. What do we know about the birthday cake?
A. It tasted bittersweet. B. It was paid by McKenna's mum.
C. It made the family heart-broken. D. It was free of charge.
25. Who died according to the passage?
A. Kyle Jauregui. B. Madison.
C. McKenna Jodell Fox. D. McKenna's mum.
26. Which of the following can best describe McKenna's mum?
A. Warm-hearted and cheerful. B. Strong-willed but depressed.
C. Broken-hearted but generous. D. Kind-hearted and positive.
27. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. A Painful Accident B. A Speechless Birthday
C. One Birthday Cake for Two Girls D. World Full of Surprises
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位失去孩子的母亲无偿给与自己女儿同一天生日的女孩买生日蛋糕的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“he learnt that Madison's cake had already been paid for—by a complete stranger”(他得知 Madison 的蛋糕已经被一个完全陌生的人买走了)和第二段最后一句中的“The cake had been paid for by a lady known simply as‘McKenna's mum”(蛋糕是由一位名叫Mckenna的妈妈的女士买的),可知，这个生日蛋糕是McKenna的妈妈买的。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“McKenna was only nine months old in 2008，when she was crushed by a falling TV set as her family prepared to move house.”（2008年，McKenna只有9个月大，当她的家人准备搬家时，她被掉落的电视机砸死了。）可知，McKenna是在家里准备搬家时不幸被跌落的电视机砸死的，她的全名是McKenna Jodell Fox。选项C与文意相符，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“It's a painful occasion for her mum，but one she has transformed into something positive.”（这对她妈妈来说是个痛苦的时刻，但是她已经把痛苦的时刻转变成了积极的东西）可知，McKenna 的妈妈把丧女之痛转变为积极的事情；又根据第六段中的“Each year I do this random act of kindness because I am unable to buy my daughter a cake of her own.”（每年我都做这种随意的善举，因为我不能给我女儿买一个她自己的蛋糕。）可知，McKenna的妈妈很善良。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，一位善良的妈妈为纪念自己不幸去世的女儿的生日，无偿给与自己女儿同一天生日的女孩买生日蛋糕。虽然只有一个蛋糕，但却庆祝了两个女孩的生日。选项C与文意切合，故选C。
C
Today it's not hard to spot Asian faces in all walks of life in the US. Actress Maggie Q can often be seen on the covers of magazines because of her highly successful role in the TV series Nikita. Salman Khan has made education easier and closer to thousands of people through his free online learning website, Khan Academy.
Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent, including descendants from China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and India. According to data from the US-based Pew Research Center, Asian Americans are the highest paid group. They also have the best educational and professional backgrounds, and they enjoy great upward mobility in US society.
Why are Asian Americans so successful? It is certainly not because they were born with higher IQs, but because of their hard work, strong families, and passion for education. While Americans believe that A grades go to smart kids, Asians are more likely to think that they go to hard workers. Asian American kids are allowed no excuse for even getting an A minus. In the US, the joke is that an A minus is an “Asian F”. A positive stereotype may also have played a role. The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.
However, being seen as a model minority can have negative effects. It is a burden on Asian Americans. It can be stressful for kids to achieve top grades in school at the cost of enjoying their childhood. When they go to the workplace, the idea of a hard-working model minority has created an idea that Asian Americans are great thinkers and doers but don't have the confidence and interpersonal skills to be successful leaders. Take Yahoo as an example, 57 percent of its tech employees are Asian Americans, but only 17 percent of its leadership roles belong to Asian Americans.
28. Which of the following is TRUE about Asian Americans?
A. They easily accept being second-best in school.
B. They are the second highest-paid group in the US.
C. They are likely to improve their social positions.
D. They are the most highly-educated and stable group.
29. Why are Asian Americans generally more successful?
A. Because they can only accept A and B in exams.
B. Because they value hard work and education.
C. Because they are more intelligent than other groups.
D. Because they are more confident than the majority.
30. What does the underlined word “stereotype” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Generalized impression. B. Public images.
C. Long tradition. D. Common sense.
31. What can we infer about Asian Americans from the last two paragraphs?
A It's not necessary for them to achieve top grades.
B. They lack communication and interpersonal skills.
C. They should try to change people's positive stereotype.
D. They still suffer pressure though seen as a model minority.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了亚裔美国人为什么在美国越来越成功以及他们仍然面临的问题。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They also have the best educational and professional backgrounds, and they enjoy great upward mobility in US society.(他们也有最好的教育和专业背景，在美国社会中享有很大的向上流动性)”可知，关于亚裔美国人的说法中，C选项“他们可能会提高自己的社会地位”正确。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why are Asian Americans so successful? It is certainly not because they were born with higher IQs, but because of their hard work, strong families, and passion for education.(为什么亚裔美国人如此成功？这当然不是因为他们天生就有高智商，而是因为他们的努力工作、强大的家庭和对教育的热情)”可知，亚裔美国人通常更成功是因为他们重视努力工作和教育。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.”可知，人们对亚裔美国人的整体印象就是聪明肯干，所以画线词所在句意思是：积极的总体印象可能也起了作用。故画线词意思是“总体印象”。A. Generalized impression.整体印象；B. Public images.公众形象；C. Long tradition. 悠久的传统；D. Common sense.常识。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“While Americans believe that A grades go to smart kids, Asians are more likely to think that they go to hard workers. Asian American kids are allowed no excuse for even getting an A minus. In the US, the joke is that an A minus is an “Asian F”. A positive stereotype may also have played a role. The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.(美国人认为聪明的孩子才会得A，而亚洲人更有可能认为勤奋的孩子才会得A。亚裔美国孩子连拿A -的理由都没有。在美国，有个笑话说A -是“亚洲F”。积极的刻板印象可能也起了作用。亚裔美国人聪明勤奋的刻板印象可能会让他们在学校更有信心)”以及最后一段“However, being seen as a model minority can have negative effects. It is a burden on Asian Americans. It can be stressful for kids to achieve top grades in school at the cost of enjoying their childhood. When they go to the workplace, the idea of a hard-working model minority has created an idea that Asian Americans are great thinkers and doers but don't have the confidence and interpersonal skills to be successful leaders. Take Yahoo as an example, 57 percent of its tech employees are Asian Americans, but only 17 percent of its leadership roles belong to Asian Americans.(然而，被视为模范少数民族可能会产生负面影响。这是亚裔美国人的负担。 对于孩子们来说，为了在学校里取得高分而牺牲了童年的快乐是很有压力的。当他们进入工作场所，勤奋工作的模范少数族裔的想法产生了一种想法，即亚裔美国人是伟大的思想家和实干家，但没有成为成功领导者的信心和人际交往能力。以雅虎为例，57%的技术人员是亚裔美国人，但只有17%的领导职位是亚裔美国人)”可推知，尽管被视为模范少数民族，但亚裔美国人仍然承受着压力。故选D。
D
Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels. However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.
The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So, consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer. ”
For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.
While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.
Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) states that “whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.
32. What does the new research question?
A. Whether organic food should replace traditional food.
B. Whether organic food has been overpriced by farmers.
C. Whether organic food is grown with less harmful chemicals.
D. Whether organic food is really more nutritious and healthier.
33. What did Smith-Spangler and her colleagues find?
A. Organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease.
B Traditional food was grown with more natural methods.
C. Both organic and traditional food they examined were safe.
D. There was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food.
34. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?
A. Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken.
C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food?
A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Unconcerned. D. Approving.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出“有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？”这一质疑。然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更多的营养成分。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”可知，新研究是针对有机食物是否更营养和更健康方面提出质疑，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.(无论是有机食品还是传统食品，其化学物质含量都不足以超过食品安全标准)”可推知，Smith-Spangler和她的同事发现他们检测的有机食品和传统食品都是安全的。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.(研究人员确实发现，有机牛奶和鸡肉中omega-3脂肪酸的含量更高，这种健康的脂肪也在鱼类中发现，可以降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，有机牛奶和鸡肉相对更健康。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”以及最后一段中“Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.(新鲜食品至少和市场上销售的有机食品一样好)”可推知，作者对有机食品持质疑的态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you’re giving a speech, there isn’t a one-stop-shop approach that will address every individual. _____36_____ These requirements need to be considered when planning your speech.
___37___ Larger audiences often have little or no audience participation, so your tone and body language are more important than ever. Maintaining eye contact with as many individuals is necessary to keep them engaged. For smaller audiences, they often have more opportunities to be conversational and relaxed. This means you’ll need to prepare enough material to fill the time slot and allow for questions or comments throughout. Meanwhile, you still need to deliver your message in the time you have.
Keep it in mind that you naturally have different types of people in the audience. _______38_______ Generally, there are 4 different ways people learn: visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinaesthetic (动觉的). Including these elements of each learning style in your speech will help engage more of your audience.
Consider whether you are addressing other experts in the same field or beginners with limited knowledge around the topic. _____39_____ The most effective way to do this is to create two versions of your speech that have different contents entirely.
No matter how much you prepare and adapt your content for who you’ll be talking to, you may find you are losing audience engagement. It’s important that you read and act on these signals which can be anything from lack of eye contact, yawning or your listener being on their phone. ___40___
A. Adapt your speech based on your audience size.
B. Adjust your approach to get back their attention.
C. It can assist in connecting with different audiences.
D. They learn and take in information in different ways.
E. Adjust your speech to target these two types of audience.
F. Take time to observe and look out for the reactions in the crowd.
G. Audiences have different requirements when receiving information.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种在演讲时针对观众情况应该注意的几个问题。
【36题详解】
根据前文“When you’re giving a speech, there isn’t a one-stop-shop approach that will address every individual.（当你在演讲时，没有一个一站式的方法可以解决每个人的问题。）”和下文“These requirements need to be considered when planning your speech.（在规划演讲时需要考虑这些要求。）”可知，在演讲时会遇到各种听众，这些听众会有不同的要求。G项“听众在接受信息时有不同的需求。”符合语境，下文的these requirements呼应选项中的different requirements。故选G。
【37题详解】
设空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Larger audiences often have little or no audience participation, so your tone and body language are more important than ever. Maintaining eye contact with as many individuals is necessary to keep them engaged. For smaller audiences, they often have more opportunities to be conversational and relaxed. This means you’ll need to prepare enough material to fill the time slot and allow for questions or comments throughout.（更大的观众群体通常很少或根本没有观众参与度，所以你的语气和肢体语言比以往任何时候都更重要。与尽可能多的人保持眼神交流是保持他们参与的必要条件。对于较小的观众群体，他们通常有更多的机会进行交谈和放松。这意味着您需要准备足够的材料来填补时间段，并考虑到贯穿始终的问题或意见。）”可知，应该根据观众人数的多少调整演讲。A项“根据你的听众人数调整你的演讲。”可以作为本段主旨句。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Keep it in mind that you naturally have different types of people in the audience.（记住，观众中自然有不同类型的人。）”和下文“Generally, there are 4 different ways people learn: visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinaesthetic (动觉的).（一般来说，人们有四种不同的学习方式：视觉、听觉、阅读和写作以及动觉。）”可知，观众中有不同类型的人，自然他们的学习和吸收方式就不一样。D项“他们以不同的方式学习和吸收信息。”符合语境，选项里的they指代上文的different types of people in the audience,且下文对观众的学习方式进行了举例说明。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Consider whether you are addressing other experts in the same field or beginners with limited knowledge around the topic.（考虑一下你是在向同一领域的其他专家演讲，还是向知识有限的初学者演讲。）”可知，针对不同的人有不同演技方式或内容。E项“调整你的演讲以针对这两类听众。”符合语境，选项中的两类观众指的就是上文提到的专家和初学者。故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“No matter how much you prepare and adapt your content for who you’ll be talking to, you may find you are losing audience engagement. It’s important that you read and act on these signals which can be anything from lack of eye contact, yawning or your listener being on their phone.（无论你准备了多少内容并对内容进行了调整，以适应你交谈的对象，你可能会发现你正在失去观众的参与度。重要的是，你要读懂这些信号，并根据这些信号采取行动，这些信号可以是缺乏眼神交流、打哈欠或你的听众正在打电话。）”可知，观众会对演讲内容失去兴趣，因此演讲者要调整方法重新引起他们的注意。B项“调整你的方法以重新引起他们的注意。”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day a famous painter painted a picture. He put it on exhibition with the title，“Not for ___41___ ”. However，it was so beautiful a painting that whoever ___42___ that exhibition asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would ___43___ it. But he said，“I'm extremely sorry but I can't sell this for any amount. I will sell it to only that person who will understand its ___44___. ” Then，an old man came over and said，“I want to buy this painting and here is the ___45___ in this small box for it. ” There was a paint brush and colors in it. Then，he gave that painting to the old man.
All the other people asked the painter with ___46___，"Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colors to this old man？We were ___47___ you a huge amount for this painting. “ The painter said，” If you ___48___ the painting，there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much ___49___. So，the man in the picture is this old man and that kid is me. He is my teacher who taught me to paint and made me become what I am today just thanks to his devotion and ___50___. And，the real value of this painting is just a paint brush which is ___51___ by my teacher as this paint brush is more ___52___ than your wealth. With this paint brush I can paint many more paintings. ” All people understood and ___53___ the bonding of a teacher and his student.
A teacher always gives his best wealth to his student in the form of knowledge，wisdom and art with a（n）___54___ that his student will ___55___ make use of it.
41. A. show B. sale C. play D. rest
42. A. attended B. held C. organized D. appreciated
43. A. check for B. pay for C. leave for D. charge for
44. A. money B. use C. value D. time
45. A. service B. ticket C. passport D. price
46. A. regret B. surprise C. embarrassment D. anger
47. A. repaying B. offering C. rewarding D. lending
48. A. realized B. caught C. confirmed D. noticed
49. A. determination B. devotion C. attraction D. participation
50. A. desire B. relief C. blessings D. pities
51. A. given B. paid C. lost D. borrowed
52. A. sensitive B. original C. useful D. precious
53. A. respected B. inspected C. reported D. shared
54. A. expectation B. destination C. creation D. position
55. A. essentially B. desperately C. necessarily D. properly
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。一位著名画家在展会上展示他作品，很多人想高价购买这幅作品，但画家不卖。一位老人却用一个笔刷和颜料买走作品，原来此人是画家的老师。画中人正是这位老者。所有的人都能理解并且尊重他们之间的师生情谊。
【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位著名画家画了一幅画。他把它放在展览上，题目是“非卖品”。A.show展示；B. sale卖；C. play玩；D. rest休息。此空通过下文“I’m extremely sorry but I can’t sell this for any amount.”（非常抱歉，我不能以任何价格出售这个。）可知应为“非卖品，拒绝出售”。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这幅画实在是太美了，以至于参加展览的人都要求画家以任意价格出售这幅画。A.attended参加；B. held举办；C.organized组织；D.appreciated欣赏。根据上文“on exhibition”可知这幅画如此美丽以至于参加展览的人都在询问价格。故选A。
3.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.check for检查；B.pay for为……付钱；C.leave for动身去；D.charge for要价。根据前文“asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would ”可知，这幅画太美了，所以无论他要价多少，他们都想买这幅画。故选D。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：非常抱歉，多少钱我都不能出售这个。我要把它卖给那个懂得它价值的人。A.money钱；B.use使用；C.value价值；D.time时间。根据下文“the real value”可知，这个人要把它卖给那个懂得它价值的人。故选C。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：此时，有一位老人走上前去，说：“我想买这幅画，这盒子里的东西就是它的价钱”。A.service服务；B.ticket车票；C.passport护照；D.price价格。根据上文“I want to buy this painting ”可知，这盒子里的东西就是它的价钱。故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人都惊讶地问画家：“你为什么把它卖给这个老头子换来画笔和一些颜料呢？我们正在给你高额的报价。你疯了吗？”A.regret后悔；B.surprise惊讶；C.embarrassment尴尬；D. anger生气。根据下文“Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colors to this old man？”可知，画家不以任何价格卖给任何人，只卖给了一个老人，换的是画笔和一些颜料，所以这令所有人很惊讶地。故选B。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.repaying偿还；B.offering报价；C.rewarding报答；D.lending借；提供。根据上文“asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would___3__it”可知，其他人正在给你高额的报价。故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：画家说：“如果你注意到这幅画，画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。A.realized意识到；B.caught抓住；C.confirmed确认；D.noticed注意到。根据“there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much___9___”可知，注意到这幅画时，你会注意到画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。故选D。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.determination决定；B.devotion热心；C.attraction吸引；D.participation参与。根据下文的“thanks to his devotion”，与此相呼应。可知，此处应为画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。故选B。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的老师，他教我画画，让我成为今天的我，多亏了他的奉献和祝福。A.desire渴望；B.relief救济；C.blessings祝福；D.pities同情。分析可知，这里表示对老师的赞扬，设空处与devotion 为同一感情色彩，故祝福符合题意，故选C。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅画的真正价值就是老师给的这支笔刷。A.given给予；B.paid支付；C.lost丢失；D.borrowed借给。根据下文“A teacher always gives ”可知，这支笔刷是老师给的，故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个笔刷比你们的所给的报价更珍贵。A.sensitive敏感的；B.original原来的；C.useful有用的；D.precious珍贵的。分析可知，因为是老师教他作画，故老师给的笔比任何价格都珍贵，故选D。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的人都能理解并且尊重他们之间的师生情谊。A.respected尊重；B.inspected检查；C.reported报告；D.shared分享。分析可知，设空处与“understood”感情色彩一致。故尊重他们的师生情谊。故选A。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个老师给予他学生最好的财富是以知识，智慧和艺术的形式呈现的，老师期望学生将会恰当地利用老师给予的财富。A.expectation期望；B.destination目的地；C.creation创造；D.position位置。根据“his student will___15__make use of it.”可知，学生合理利用老师给的财富是老师所期望的，故选A。
15.考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.essentially重要地；B.desperately绝望地；C.necessarily必要地；D.properly恰当地。老师希望学生能够恰当运用老师教给他的东西，符合题意，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exercise has a ___56___(various) of health benefits. However, some people ___57___ tend to exercise for a long time assume that if some exercise is good, more is always___58___(good) . For example, some people go ___59___(jog) for several hours at a time because of the step-counting smartphone apps. Others work ___60___ for hours at the weekend to make up for ___61___(they) lack of exercise during the weekdays. Habits like these put stress on the body, and if they ___62___(maintain) over the long term,can become a serious health risk.
How long you exercise ___63___(be) of great importance. It's suggested to exercise 30 to 60 minutes per day,___64___ will prevent you from getting hurt. Moreover, it___65___(ensure) that the exercise you do has a positive effect on your physical health.
【答案】56. variety
57. who##that
58. better 59. jogging
60. out 61. their
62. are maintained
63. is 64. which
65. will ensure
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述了运动给健康会带来好处。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：运动对健康有很多好处。短语：a variety of“各种各样的”为固定短语，结合句中提示，故填variety。
2.考查定语从句。句意：然而，有些人倾向于长时间锻炼，认为如果一些锻炼是好的，越多越好。分析可知，_____ tend to exercise for a long time为定语从句，先行词为some people，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
3.考查比较级。句意同上。结合空前more is always可知，此处指越多越好，故填better。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，有些人一次慢跑几个小时，因为智能手机的计步应用程序。短语：go jogging“慢跑”为固定短语，此处jogging为动名词，故填jogging。
5.考查短语。句意：另一些人在周末锻炼几个小时，以弥补他们在工作日缺乏锻炼的缺陷。短语：work out“锻炼”为固定结构，结合句意，此处指其他人周末会锻炼几个小时。故填out。
6.考查物主代词。句意同上。lack“缺乏”为名词，所以其前要用形容词来修饰，所以此处用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
7.考查时态和语态。句意：这样的习惯会给身体带来压力，如果长期保持下去，会对健康造成严重威胁。maintain“维持”为及物动词，结合句意，从句主语they与动词maintain为动宾关系，所以此处要用被动；根据主句中can可知，此处时态为一般现在时。故填are maintained。
8.考查主谓一致和时态。句意：你锻炼多长时间很重要。短语：be of importance“重要”，分析可知，How long you exercise为主语从句，在句中作主语，为单数含义。空白处为谓语，结合语境，此处为习惯性动作，所以时态用一般现在时，故填is。
9.考查定语从句。句意：建议每天锻炼30到60分钟，这样可以避免受伤。分析可知，_____ will prevent you from getting hurt为非限制性定语从句，空白处指代逗号前全部内容，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
10.考查时态。句意：此外，它将确保你所做的锻炼对你的身体健康有积极的影响。结合句中that the exercise you do has a positive effect on your physical health.可知，此处提到的积极影响为锻炼产生的结果，所以应用一般将来时。故填will ensure。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分35分）
第一节（满分10分）
66. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter一直在学习中文，他想看一部中国电影，希望你能推荐一部中国影片。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
（1）电影的基本介绍和简要情节；
（2）推荐这部电影的理由。
注意：（1）词数应为80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm more than glad to receive your e-mail saying you are interested in Chinese movies. Among all the movies I've watched, there's one that left a deep impression on me.I will introduce it to you in details.
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based on the real story of Yu Minhong who is the founder of New Oriental School. The movie, focusing on friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the story of the three partners setting up the largest English training school in China after meeting lots of difficulties.The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack. American Dreams in China conveys a message that we should stick to our dreams.
I strongly recommend it for you because you can see a totally different China in it. I do hope you will enjoy it. I am looking forward to receiving your feedback and sharing more with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Peter写一封信，推荐一部中国影片。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased/delighted
留下深刻印象：leave a deep impression → make a deep impression
详细地：in details→ at length
坚持：stick to→persist in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack.
拓展句：The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack, which is illustrated vividly along with the behaviors of the characters.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based on the real story of Yu Minhong who is the founder of New Oriental School.（运用了同位语和定语从句）
[高分句型2]
The movie, focusing on friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the story of the three partners setting up the largest English training school in China after meeting lots of difficulties.（运用了现在分词作定语）
第二节（满分20分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eric threw himself on the sofa, sighing. Mother's Day was approaching, but he didn't have a present. “ How can I buy a present without any money? ” he thought.
Eric picked up the newspaper that was lying on the couch. He noticed a large advertisement on the front page. The local department store was sponsoring a contest. “ Tell us why your mom is special and win a shopping spree for her, ” said the advertisement.
“This is perfect!” thought Eric. He ran to his room with the newspaper. Taking a pencil and a blank piece of paper from his desk, he started to write.
“My mom is the best mother in the world. She always makes lunch for me to take to school, and she never forgets my dessert. She reads as many books to me before bed as I want. She always remembers to check under the bed for monsters. And she gives me the best hug, but never in front of my friends, who would laugh at me for hugging my mom.”
Eric liked what he had written. He copied it neatly and got an envelope and a stamp from his bed. He ran to the mailbox with his entry. “Mom will love having a shopping spree,” he thought.
Eric checked the mailbox every day for his prize. Days went by, and then weeks. Soon it was the day before Mother's Day. Eric still hadn't heard anything about the contest.
“ What am I going to do now? ” he wondered. He didn't have a present, and he didn't have a shopping spree. And he still didn't have money.
He had to think of something. Eric closed his eyes and curled his toes and thought hard.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly he had an idea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning Eric handed his letter to his mom.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
Suddenly he had an idea. He fumbled in his drawers and fortunately found a piece of delicate and fragrant paper. He sat down straight on his chair, and began to write a letter in his best handwriting as a Mother's Day present. “Dear mom, I'm writing this to tell you that you are the best mother in the world…” With a sincere heart, Eric finished the letter and sealed it in an envelope, his lips curving into a smile.
Para 2:
The next morning Eric handed his letter to his mom. Finishing reading the letter, his mom swept him into her arms with her eyes wet as if she wanted to squeeze the breath out of him. “Thank you, my dear!” She sniffed, hugging Eric more tightly. Leaning against his mother’s shoulder, Eric slowly explained why he chose to write a letter as a gift. After hearing the reason, his mom gently touched his head, saying, “To me, your letter is better than a thousand shopping sprees.” Hugging each other, they felt blissful as if they were in possession of everything. Indeed, love should be made known to loved ones.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Eric不知道怎么才能不花钱给妈妈送母亲节礼物，这时，他在报纸上看到一则广告——告诉我们你妈妈的特别之处，为她赢得一个购物狂欢。Eric立刻行动，写下妈妈的特别之处，然后邮寄出去，Eric焦急地等着结果。
【详解】（1）段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然他有了一个主意。”和第二段提示句可知，第一段可描写Eric给他母亲写了一封信作为母亲节的礼物，要详细描写信件的内容。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上Eric把信给了他的妈妈。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈读完信件后的反应以及Eric解释了写信的原因。
（2）续写线索：有主意——写信——送信——感动——拥抱
（3）词汇激活
行为类：
①开始做某事：begin to do sth./start to do sth./set about doing sth.
②完成：finish/complete/accomplish
③解释：explain/account for/make clear
情绪类：
①真诚的：sincere/genuine/hearty
②幸福的：blissful/happy
【点睛】[高分句型1] With a sincere heart, Eric finished the letter and sealed it in an envelope, his lips curving into a smile.(运用独立主格结构)
[高分句型2] Leaning against his mother's shoulder, Eric slowly explained why he chose to write a letter as a gift.(现在分词短语作状语及why引导的宾语从句)
第三节（共10小题, 每小题0.5分，满分5分）
68. I also understand that being healthy and ________ is more important than being slim.（根据句意填空）
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我也明白健康和精力充沛比苗条更重要。根据句中being healthy and 和句意可知，空白处应为形容词“精力充沛的”，energetic“精力充沛的”为形容词，故填energetic。
69. My doctor tells me that it'll help me________ better in class. （根据句意填空）
【答案】concentrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我的医生告诉我这能帮助我在课堂上更好地集中注意力。根据句意表示“集中注意力”可知应填动词concentrate，此处为短语help sb. do sth.。故填concentrate。
70. He talked to________ to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. （根据句意填空）
【答案】historians
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他与历史学家交谈，以确保细节的正确性，甚至亲自下潜到大西洋海底，查看这艘船的残骸。根据句意表示“历史学家”可知应填名词historian，作宾语，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填historians。
71. My lecture today may not be able to________ ________ ________all the work people have done behind the scenes. （根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. do ②. justice ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：我今天的演讲可能无法公正地反映出人们在幕后所做的所有工作。do justice to 公平处理； 妥善处理；给……以公道的评价。be able to能够，后接动词原形。根据句意，故填do justice to 。
72. The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without________ special effects，and it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors. （根据句意填空）
【答案】fancy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影看起来像是一部没有特技效果的典型的历史电影，主要演员的表演使它变得有趣。根据句中like a fairly typical historical film without及special effects，可推知，空白处要用形容词“异常复杂的”，fancy“需要复杂技巧的，高难度的”为形容词，符合题意，故填fancy。
73. Most people assume that regular exercise________ for the body and mind—but what exactly are its health benefits？（根据句意填空）
【答案】does wonders
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大多数人都认为有规律的锻炼对身心有奇效，但是它到底对健康有什么好处呢？根据句意表示“创造奇迹，有奇效”可知短语为do wonders，根据上文assume 可知为一般现在时，主语为regular exercise，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填does wonders。
74. All in all，I highly________ this film. （根据句意填空）
【答案】recommend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总而言之，我高度推荐这部电影。根据句意，此处应用“推荐”含义。recommend“推荐”为及物动词，空白处在句中为谓语，结合句意，动作表示一般性动作，所以时态用一般现在时。故填recommend。
75. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model，________ the thousands of props inside. （根据句意填空）
【答案】not to mention
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个精致的模型花了500名工人100天的时间，更不用说里面成千上万的道具了。表示“更不用说”应用短语not to mention。故填not to mention。
76. This extra effort makes them grow stronger________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】over the long term
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：这种额外的努力会让他们长期变得更强壮。结合句意，空白处要用“长期”含义，短语：over the long term“长期”，符合题意，故填over the long term。
77. Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way,________.（根据句意填空）
【答案】you're more likely to stick with them
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。结合句意表示“更有可能做某事”短语为be more likely to do sth.，根据上文enjoy可知为一般现在时；表示“坚持”短语为stick with。故填you're more likely to stick with them。
长郡中学2021-2022学年度高一第一学期期末考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分10分）
做题时，将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do at 7:00?
A. Have dinner with Mike.
B. Work in the office.
C. Go out with the woman.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, Jason, do you want to join Mike and me for dinner? We are going to the Rose Restaurant at 7:00.
M: I have to work till 7:30, but why don’t I meet you afterwards?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the shirt?
A. The color. B. The rice. C. The design.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’d like to buy a shirt. Look, this purple shirt is in an interesting color and the price is reasonable.
W: Yes, but I am afraid that the design is in bad taste.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Gary’s works.
B. Gary’s list of samples.
C. Gary’s application.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Gary, how is your application going? Have you heard anything yet?
M: It seems that I’m on the shortlist. Now the selection board wants to see some samples of my published works.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the man plan to do on March 1st?
A. Go to the mountains.
B. Call the travel agent.
C. Apply for some classes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I just called the travel agent. It’s at set. On March 1st, I’m heading for the mountains for an entire week.
W: Have you checked the academic calendar because my classes aren’t over till the seventh?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Amy plan to go to Rome?
A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Amy. What are you reading? Is that an Italian grammar book?
W: Yeah. I’m trying to teach myself some Italian, because I’m going to Rome next semester.
M: What’s the reason for this sudden interest in Italy?
W: Well, actually I was planning to take some courses about medieval（中世纪的）architecture, and it was said that Rome is the best in that field.
第二节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6 What course won’t the girl attend?
A. African music. B. Basic Spanish. C. Business.
7. On which days does the girl have advanced piano classes?
A. Thursdays. B. Tuesdays. C. Mondays.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Well, pretty busy.
M: Did you register for the new term?
W: Yeah, I registered this morning.
M: Going to take any business classes?
W: No, I don’t think so. I’m going to take African music. It meets on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday every week.
M: Hmm. Well, any piano classes?
W: Yeah, I’m taking advanced piano. It meets every Monday.
M: How about the basic requirement courses?
W: I’m going to take English composition and basic Spanish.
M: Sounds like a full schedule!
W: Yeah, I’m going to be really busy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Which family holiday does the man recommend?
A. The one on the 19th. B. The one on the 18th. C. The one on the 20th.
9. Where will the woman probably go?
A. Spain. B. France. C. Greece.
10. What do we know about The Hotel Playa?
A. It is a five-star hotel. B. It has a swimming pool. C. It has its own beach.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you have any family holidays for next week?
M: Let’s see. There is one on the 18th. The 19th is full and the 20th is no good because it’s just for two people.
W: Where are the holidays?
M: In France, Spain and Greece. The cheapest holiday is in France but this is in an apartment. If you want to stay in a hotel, it will cost less to go to The Hotel Playa in Spain.
W: OK. What kind of hotel is it?
M: It has three stars. I doesn’t have its own beach but it has its own swimming pool and children’s club.
W: That’s OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. Ata TV station.
12. What does Bob like doing?
A. Taking pictures. B. Playing tennis. C. Riding bikes.
13. What did the woman dream of being?
A. A tennis player. B. A bank clerk. C. A shop owner.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Mary.
W: Come on, Ken. It’s time to go.
M: Wait a moment, please. I just have to close up the shop. By the way, can you give my brother a ride home tonight after the game?
W: Of course. You mean Bob is coming, too?
M: Yeah He wants to take some pictures. He’s really interested in photography.
W: Oh. Does he want to be a photographer after graduation?
M: Yes, he wants to work for a TV station.
W: That sounds like an interesting job.
M: I guess so. But a lot of people want to be photographers, too. He has to work hard.
W: But it’ll be really nice if he can work at something he’s interested in. I wanted to be a tennis player, but now I work in the bank.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. How long has Louise been working at the center?
A. About six months. B. About two years. C. About one year.
15. How did Louise feel when she started working at the center?
A. Excited. B. Confident. C. Nervous.
16. What is the most rewarding part of the job?
A. Helping the less able children achieve more.
B. Thinking of new things for children to do.
C. Seeing children have a lot of fun.
17. What does Louise say about working at night?
A. It’s unfair for her to do it. B. It’s a necessary part of the job. C. It’s something that she enjoys.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I have with me this evening Louise Graham, a group leader at Ravensfield Outdoor Adventure Center for children. Louise, how long have you been there?
W: Well, before I first went there, two years ago, I thought I’d probably only stay for a year, but after six months or so I really started to enjoy the job. So I’ve been there ever since. To be honest, I was lacking in self-confidence, and when I first arrived, I was a bit worried about making mistakes. I was frightened I might put the children in danger because of my inexperience.
M: What’s the best thing about your work?
W: One thing I like is seeing them have so much fun, even if sometimes their behavior isn’t perfect. And I can suggest activities that haven’t been tried before. But there are always some children who haven’t quite got as much ability as others, and for me the most rewarding part of the job is getting them to succeed in things they haven’t managed to do before. It’s hard work though. Sometimes you are on duty at night.
M: Mm, what do you think about that?
W: Well, I can’t say I look forward to starting work at 10:00 pm, but the kids have to be looked after 24 hours so someone has to do it and all the staff take turns.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What organizations used to have a lot of power according to the speaker?
A. Libraries and printing companies.
B. Universities and bookstores.
C. Newspapers and publishers.
19. Why do many city people like e-books?
A. They are easier to carry.
B. They are cheaper.
C. They are more interesting.
20. What can we learn about Border’s Group?
A. They were bought by a tech company.
B. They made billions of dollars this year.
C. They used to have more than 600 stores.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Books have always been an important part of people’s lives. Libraries were important parts of both universities and town centers, and many of the first successful companies in modern times made their money by selling books. Like newspapers, publishers used to have a lot of power and influence, but nowadays, the companies that control digital information seem to have taken over. In particular, e-books have replaced traditional books for most modern readers, especially in big cities, for whom everything has to be easy to carry and convenient to use. Tech companies like Amazon and Apple sell “e-readers” that can contain thousands of books, and their online stores list millions of titles, far more than any bookstore could ever hold.
As more and more people buy computers, smart phones, and tablets, the market for e-books continues to grow. Many traditional book publishers and bookstores have gone out of business. For example, Border’s Group used to be one of the largest bookstores in the United States, with more than 600 locations and billions of dollars in sales every year. But after e-books appeared, they started losing money and had to close all their stores.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children's Books That Teach Empathy and Kindness
Little Blue Truck
By Alice Schertle
Little ones are introduced to Blue, a little pickup truck that gets stuck pushing a dump truck out of the mud in this board book. Thankfully, Blue made a group of animal friends along the way that are happy to do whatever they can to help him get back on the road. The main themes are kindness and the benefits of helping others.
Most People
By Michael Leannah
The book is an amazing lesson for kids that want to do good in the world and that there are plenty of good people out there. Told in the third person, the book tells the story of two pairs of siblings (兄弟姐妹) and the people they meet.
If You Plant a Seed
By Kadir Nelson
A mouse and a rabbit teach children how to plant and grow food, while also passing along some valuable lessons. After learning that a carrot seed will grow a carrot, and a cabbage seed will result in a cabbage, children also learn the value of thoughtfulness and how a seed of kindness can bear sweet fruit.
Save Me a Seat
By Sarah Weeks and Gita Varadarajan
Joe lived in the same town all his life and felt perfectly pleased until his best friend moved away. Ravi's family recently moved from India to the US and he's struggling to find where he belongs. Even though Joe and Ravi at first believe that they don't have much in common, they both realize they have a common enemy-the biggest bully (仗势欺人者) in their class. Save Me a Seat is a story about the true meaning of friendship and understanding.
21. What can children get from reading Little Blue Truck?
A. Happiness of helping others. B. Importance of protecting animals.
C. Ways of dealing with trouble in mud. D. Being friendly to strangers around you.
22. Which book is mainly about food?
A. Little Blue Truck. B. Most People.
C. If You Plant a Seed. D. Save Me a Seat.
23. What do we infer from Save Me a Seat?
A. Joe was regarded as a bully by Ravi. B. Ravi was used to living in India soon.
C. Ravi and Joe had nothing in common. D. Ravi and Joe became friends at last.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本关于教导同理心和善良的儿童书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Little Blue Truck中“The main themes are kindness and the benefits of helping others.”（主题是善良和帮助别人的好处。）由此可知，孩子们通过读Little Blue Truck可以得到“帮助别人的快乐。”故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据If You Plant a Seed中“A mouse and a rabbit teach children how to plant and grow food, while also passing along some valuable lessons.”（一只老鼠和一只兔子教孩子们如何种植食物，同时也传授一些有价值的课程。）由此可知，If You Plant a Seed这本书主要是关于食物的。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Save Me a Seat中“Even though Joe and Ravi at first believe that they don't have much in common, they both realize they have a common enemy-the biggest bully (仗势欺人者) in their class. Save Me a Seat is a story about the true meaning of friendship and understanding.”（尽管Joe and Ravi一开始认为他们没有什么共同点，但他们都意识到他们有一个共同的敌人——班上最大的恶霸。《Save Me a Seat》是一个关于友谊和理解的故事。）由此推知，Ravi and Joe最后变成了朋友。故选D。
B
When Kyle Jauregui recently went to pick up his younger sister's birthday cake, he met with a bittersweet surprise.
On arriving at the baker's, he learnt that Madison's cake had already been paid for—by a complete stranger. It was a touching act of kindness, but, as it turned out, not a random one. The cake had been paid for by a lady known simply as “McKenna's mum” —as part of a gesture she had been making for a while, and for a heartbreaking reason.
While Madison was set to celebrate turning 11, McKenna Jodell Fox would have turned ten on the same day. McKenna was only nine months old in 2008, when she was crushed by a falling TV set as her family prepared to move house.
It's a painful occasion for her mum, but one she has transformed into something positive. The cake she bought was accompanied by a card which read as follows:
“Dear Birthday Girl Family,
In honour of my daughter's 10th birthday, I have chosen your birthday cake to pay for. Each year I do this random act of kindness because I am unable to buy my daughter a cake of her own. Today is her big double-digit birthday. Please enjoy your day. ”
By Kyle's own admission, the whole family was left speechless. “We just want to say thank you to McKenna's mom,” he wrote,“and wish McKenna a happy birthday. There's still good in this world. ”
24. What do we know about the birthday cake?
A. It tasted bittersweet. B. It was paid by McKenna's mum.
C. It made the family heart-broken. D. It was free of charge.
25. Who died according to the passage?
A. Kyle Jauregui. B. Madison.
C. McKenna Jodell Fox. D. McKenna's mum.
26. Which of the following can best describe McKenna's mum?
A. Warm-hearted and cheerful. B. Strong-willed but depressed.
C. Broken-hearted but generous. D. Kind-hearted and positive.
27. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. A Painful Accident B. A Speechless Birthday
C. One Birthday Cake for Two Girls D. World Full of Surprises
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位失去孩子的母亲无偿给与自己女儿同一天生日的女孩买生日蛋糕的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“he learnt that Madison's cake had already been paid for—by a complete stranger”(他得知 Madison 的蛋糕已经被一个完全陌生的人买走了)和第二段最后一句中的“The cake had been paid for by a lady known simply as‘McKenna's mum”(蛋糕是由一位名叫Mckenna的妈妈的女士买的),可知，这个生日蛋糕是McKenna的妈妈买的。选项B与文意相符，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“McKenna was only nine months old in 2008，when she was crushed by a falling TV set as her family prepared to move house.”（2008年，McKenna只有9个月大，当她的家人准备搬家时，她被掉落的电视机砸死了。）可知，McKenna是在家里准备搬家时不幸被跌落的电视机砸死的，她的全名是McKenna Jodell Fox。选项C与文意相符，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“It's a painful occasion for her mum，but one she has transformed into something positive.”（这对她妈妈来说是个痛苦的时刻，但是她已经把痛苦的时刻转变成了积极的东西）可知，McKenna 的妈妈把丧女之痛转变为积极的事情；又根据第六段中的“Each year I do this random act of kindness because I am unable to buy my daughter a cake of her own.”（每年我都做这种随意的善举，因为我不能给我女儿买一个她自己的蛋糕。）可知，McKenna的妈妈很善良。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，一位善良的妈妈为纪念自己不幸去世的女儿的生日，无偿给与自己女儿同一天生日的女孩买生日蛋糕。虽然只有一个蛋糕，但却庆祝了两个女孩的生日。选项C与文意切合，故选C。
C
Today it's not hard to spot Asian faces in all walks of life in the US. Actress Maggie Q can often be seen on the covers of magazines because of her highly successful role in the TV series Nikita. Salman Khan has made education easier and closer to thousands of people through his free online learning website, Khan Academy.
Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent, including descendants from China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and India. According to data from the US-based Pew Research Center, Asian Americans are the highest paid group. They also have the best educational and professional backgrounds, and they enjoy great upward mobility in US society.
Why are Asian Americans so successful? It is certainly not because they were born with higher IQs, but because of their hard work, strong families, and passion for education. While Americans believe that A grades go to smart kids, Asians are more likely to think that they go to hard workers. Asian American kids are allowed no excuse for even getting an A minus. In the US, the joke is that an A minus is an “Asian F”. A positive stereotype may also have played a role. The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.
However, being seen as a model minority can have negative effects. It is a burden on Asian Americans. It can be stressful for kids to achieve top grades in school at the cost of enjoying their childhood. When they go to the workplace, the idea of a hard-working model minority has created an idea that Asian Americans are great thinkers and doers but don't have the confidence and interpersonal skills to be successful leaders. Take Yahoo as an example, 57 percent of its tech employees are Asian Americans, but only 17 percent of its leadership roles belong to Asian Americans.
28. Which of the following is TRUE about Asian Americans?
A. They easily accept being second-best in school.
B. They are the second highest-paid group in the US.
C. They are likely to improve their social positions.
D. They are the most highly-educated and stable group.
29. Why are Asian Americans generally more successful?
A. Because they can only accept A and B in exams.
B. Because they value hard work and education.
C. Because they are more intelligent than other groups.
D. Because they are more confident than the majority.
30. What does the underlined word “stereotype” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Generalized impression. B. Public images.
C. Long tradition. D. Common sense.
31. What can we infer about Asian Americans from the last two paragraphs?
A It's not necessary for them to achieve top grades.
B. They lack communication and interpersonal skills.
C. They should try to change people's positive stereotype.
D. They still suffer pressure though seen as a model minority.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了亚裔美国人为什么在美国越来越成功以及他们仍然面临的问题。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They also have the best educational and professional backgrounds, and they enjoy great upward mobility in US society.(他们也有最好的教育和专业背景，在美国社会中享有很大的向上流动性)”可知，关于亚裔美国人的说法中，C选项“他们可能会提高自己的社会地位”正确。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Why are Asian Americans so successful? It is certainly not because they were born with higher IQs, but because of their hard work, strong families, and passion for education.(为什么亚裔美国人如此成功？这当然不是因为他们天生就有高智商，而是因为他们的努力工作、强大的家庭和对教育的热情)”可知，亚裔美国人通常更成功是因为他们重视努力工作和教育。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.”可知，人们对亚裔美国人的整体印象就是聪明肯干，所以画线词所在句意思是：积极的总体印象可能也起了作用。故画线词意思是“总体印象”。A. Generalized impression.整体印象；B. Public images.公众形象；C. Long tradition. 悠久的传统；D. Common sense.常识。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“While Americans believe that A grades go to smart kids, Asians are more likely to think that they go to hard workers. Asian American kids are allowed no excuse for even getting an A minus. In the US, the joke is that an A minus is an “Asian F”. A positive stereotype may also have played a role. The stereotype of Asian Americans as smart and hardworking might give them more confidence in school.(美国人认为聪明的孩子才会得A，而亚洲人更有可能认为勤奋的孩子才会得A。亚裔美国孩子连拿A -的理由都没有。在美国，有个笑话说A -是“亚洲F”。积极的刻板印象可能也起了作用。亚裔美国人聪明勤奋的刻板印象可能会让他们在学校更有信心)”以及最后一段“However, being seen as a model minority can have negative effects. It is a burden on Asian Americans. It can be stressful for kids to achieve top grades in school at the cost of enjoying their childhood. When they go to the workplace, the idea of a hard-working model minority has created an idea that Asian Americans are great thinkers and doers but don't have the confidence and interpersonal skills to be successful leaders. Take Yahoo as an example, 57 percent of its tech employees are Asian Americans, but only 17 percent of its leadership roles belong to Asian Americans.(然而，被视为模范少数民族可能会产生负面影响。这是亚裔美国人的负担。 对于孩子们来说，为了在学校里取得高分而牺牲了童年的快乐是很有压力的。当他们进入工作场所，勤奋工作的模范少数族裔的想法产生了一种想法，即亚裔美国人是伟大的思想家和实干家，但没有成为成功领导者的信心和人际交往能力。以雅虎为例，57%的技术人员是亚裔美国人，但只有17%的领导职位是亚裔美国人)”可推知，尽管被视为模范少数民族，但亚裔美国人仍然承受着压力。故选D。
D
Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels. However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.
The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So, consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer. ”
For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.
While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.
Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) states that “whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.
32. What does the new research question?
A. Whether organic food should replace traditional food.
B. Whether organic food has been overpriced by farmers.
C. Whether organic food is grown with less harmful chemicals.
D. Whether organic food is really more nutritious and healthier.
33. What did Smith-Spangler and her colleagues find?
A. Organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease.
B Traditional food was grown with more natural methods.
C. Both organic and traditional food they examined were safe.
D. There was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food.
34. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?
A. Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken.
C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food?
A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Unconcerned. D. Approving.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出“有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？”这一质疑。然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更多的营养成分。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”可知，新研究是针对有机食物是否更营养和更健康方面提出质疑，故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.(无论是有机食品还是传统食品，其化学物质含量都不足以超过食品安全标准)”可推知，Smith-Spangler和她的同事发现他们检测的有机食品和传统食品都是安全的。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.(研究人员确实发现，有机牛奶和鸡肉中omega-3脂肪酸的含量更高，这种健康的脂肪也在鱼类中发现，可以降低患心脏病的风险)”可知，有机牛奶和鸡肉相对更健康。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.(斯坦福大学的研究人员领导的一项研究表明，有机产品不一定更有营养，而且它们也同样容易感染致病细菌)”以及最后一段中“Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.(新鲜食品至少和市场上销售的有机食品一样好)”可推知，作者对有机食品持质疑的态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you’re giving a speech, there isn’t a one-stop-shop approach that will address every individual. _____36_____ These requirements need to be considered when planning your speech.
___37___ Larger audiences often have little or no audience participation, so your tone and body language are more important than ever. Maintaining eye contact with as many individuals is necessary to keep them engaged. For smaller audiences, they often have more opportunities to be conversational and relaxed. This means you’ll need to prepare enough material to fill the time slot and allow for questions or comments throughout. Meanwhile, you still need to deliver your message in the time you have.
Keep it in mind that you naturally have different types of people in the audience. _______38_______ Generally, there are 4 different ways people learn: visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinaesthetic (动觉的). Including these elements of each learning style in your speech will help engage more of your audience.
Consider whether you are addressing other experts in the same field or beginners with limited knowledge around the topic. _____39_____ The most effective way to do this is to create two versions of your speech that have different contents entirely.
No matter how much you prepare and adapt your content for who you’ll be talking to, you may find you are losing audience engagement. It’s important that you read and act on these signals which can be anything from lack of eye contact, yawning or your listener being on their phone. ___40___
A. Adapt your speech based on your audience size.
B. Adjust your approach to get back their attention.
C. It can assist in connecting with different audiences.
D. They learn and take in information in different ways.
E. Adjust your speech to target these two types of audience.
F. Take time to observe and look out for the reactions in the crowd.
G. Audiences have different requirements when receiving information.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种在演讲时针对观众情况应该注意的几个问题。
【36题详解】
根据前文“When you’re giving a speech, there isn’t a one-stop-shop approach that will address every individual.（当你在演讲时，没有一个一站式的方法可以解决每个人的问题。）”和下文“These requirements need to be considered when planning your speech.（在规划演讲时需要考虑这些要求。）”可知，在演讲时会遇到各种听众，这些听众会有不同的要求。G项“听众在接受信息时有不同的需求。”符合语境，下文的these requirements呼应选项中的different requirements。故选G。
【37题详解】
设空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Larger audiences often have little or no audience participation, so your tone and body language are more important than ever. Maintaining eye contact with as many individuals is necessary to keep them engaged. For smaller audiences, they often have more opportunities to be conversational and relaxed. This means you’ll need to prepare enough material to fill the time slot and allow for questions or comments throughout.（更大的观众群体通常很少或根本没有观众参与度，所以你的语气和肢体语言比以往任何时候都更重要。与尽可能多的人保持眼神交流是保持他们参与的必要条件。对于较小的观众群体，他们通常有更多的机会进行交谈和放松。这意味着您需要准备足够的材料来填补时间段，并考虑到贯穿始终的问题或意见。）”可知，应该根据观众人数的多少调整演讲。A项“根据你的听众人数调整你的演讲。”可以作为本段主旨句。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Keep it in mind that you naturally have different types of people in the audience.（记住，观众中自然有不同类型的人。）”和下文“Generally, there are 4 different ways people learn: visual, auditory, reading and writing and kinaesthetic (动觉的).（一般来说，人们有四种不同的学习方式：视觉、听觉、阅读和写作以及动觉。）”可知，观众中有不同类型的人，自然他们的学习和吸收方式就不一样。D项“他们以不同的方式学习和吸收信息。”符合语境，选项里的they指代上文的different types of people in the audience,且下文对观众的学习方式进行了举例说明。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Consider whether you are addressing other experts in the same field or beginners with limited knowledge around the topic.（考虑一下你是在向同一领域的其他专家演讲，还是向知识有限的初学者演讲。）”可知，针对不同的人有不同演技方式或内容。E项“调整你的演讲以针对这两类听众。”符合语境，选项中的两类观众指的就是上文提到的专家和初学者。故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“No matter how much you prepare and adapt your content for who you’ll be talking to, you may find you are losing audience engagement. It’s important that you read and act on these signals which can be anything from lack of eye contact, yawning or your listener being on their phone.（无论你准备了多少内容并对内容进行了调整，以适应你交谈的对象，你可能会发现你正在失去观众的参与度。重要的是，你要读懂这些信号，并根据这些信号采取行动，这些信号可以是缺乏眼神交流、打哈欠或你的听众正在打电话。）”可知，观众会对演讲内容失去兴趣，因此演讲者要调整方法重新引起他们的注意。B项“调整你的方法以重新引起他们的注意。”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day a famous painter painted a picture. He put it on exhibition with the title，“Not for ___41___ ”. However，it was so beautiful a painting that whoever ___42___ that exhibition asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would ___43___ it. But he said，“I'm extremely sorry but I can't sell this for any amount. I will sell it to only that person who will understand its ___44___. ” Then，an old man came over and said，“I want to buy this painting and here is the ___45___ in this small box for it. ” There was a paint brush and colors in it. Then，he gave that painting to the old man.
All the other people asked the painter with ___46___，"Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colors to this old man？We were ___47___ you a huge amount for this painting. “ The painter said，” If you ___48___ the painting，there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much ___49___. So，the man in the picture is this old man and that kid is me. He is my teacher who taught me to paint and made me become what I am today just thanks to his devotion and ___50___. And，the real value of this painting is just a paint brush which is ___51___ by my teacher as this paint brush is more ___52___ than your wealth. With this paint brush I can paint many more paintings. ” All people understood and ___53___ the bonding of a teacher and his student.
A teacher always gives his best wealth to his student in the form of knowledge，wisdom and art with a（n）___54___ that his student will ___55___ make use of it.
41. A. show B. sale C. play D. rest
42. A. attended B. held C. organized D. appreciated
43. A. check for B. pay for C. leave for D. charge for
44. A. money B. use C. value D. time
45. A. service B. ticket C. passport D. price
46. A. regret B. surprise C. embarrassment D. anger
47. A. repaying B. offering C. rewarding D. lending
48. A. realized B. caught C. confirmed D. noticed
49. A. determination B. devotion C. attraction D. participation
50. A. desire B. relief C. blessings D. pities
51. A. given B. paid C. lost D. borrowed
52. A. sensitive B. original C. useful D. precious
53. A. respected B. inspected C. reported D. shared
54. A. expectation B. destination C. creation D. position
55. A. essentially B. desperately C. necessarily D. properly
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。一位著名画家在展会上展示他作品，很多人想高价购买这幅作品，但画家不卖。一位老人却用一个笔刷和颜料买走作品，原来此人是画家的老师。画中人正是这位老者。所有的人都能理解并且尊重他们之间的师生情谊。
【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位著名画家画了一幅画。他把它放在展览上，题目是“非卖品”。A.show展示；B. sale卖；C. play玩；D. rest休息。此空通过下文“I’m extremely sorry but I can’t sell this for any amount.”（非常抱歉，我不能以任何价格出售这个。）可知应为“非卖品，拒绝出售”。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这幅画实在是太美了，以至于参加展览的人都要求画家以任意价格出售这幅画。A.attended参加；B. held举办；C.organized组织；D.appreciated欣赏。根据上文“on exhibition”可知这幅画如此美丽以至于参加展览的人都在询问价格。故选A。
3.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.check for检查；B.pay for为……付钱；C.leave for动身去；D.charge for要价。根据前文“asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would ”可知，这幅画太美了，所以无论他要价多少，他们都想买这幅画。故选D。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：非常抱歉，多少钱我都不能出售这个。我要把它卖给那个懂得它价值的人。A.money钱；B.use使用；C.value价值；D.time时间。根据下文“the real value”可知，这个人要把它卖给那个懂得它价值的人。故选C。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：此时，有一位老人走上前去，说：“我想买这幅画，这盒子里的东西就是它的价钱”。A.service服务；B.ticket车票；C.passport护照；D.price价格。根据上文“I want to buy this painting ”可知，这盒子里的东西就是它的价钱。故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人都惊讶地问画家：“你为什么把它卖给这个老头子换来画笔和一些颜料呢？我们正在给你高额的报价。你疯了吗？”A.regret后悔；B.surprise惊讶；C.embarrassment尴尬；D. anger生气。根据下文“Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colors to this old man？”可知，画家不以任何价格卖给任何人，只卖给了一个老人，换的是画笔和一些颜料，所以这令所有人很惊讶地。故选B。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.repaying偿还；B.offering报价；C.rewarding报答；D.lending借；提供。根据上文“asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would___3__it”可知，其他人正在给你高额的报价。故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：画家说：“如果你注意到这幅画，画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。A.realized意识到；B.caught抓住；C.confirmed确认；D.noticed注意到。根据“there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much___9___”可知，注意到这幅画时，你会注意到画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。故选D。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.determination决定；B.devotion热心；C.attraction吸引；D.participation参与。根据下文的“thanks to his devotion”，与此相呼应。可知，此处应为画中有一个人正在热心地教孩子作画。故选B。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的老师，他教我画画，让我成为今天的我，多亏了他的奉献和祝福。A.desire渴望；B.relief救济；C.blessings祝福；D.pities同情。分析可知，这里表示对老师的赞扬，设空处与devotion 为同一感情色彩，故祝福符合题意，故选C。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅画的真正价值就是老师给的这支笔刷。A.given给予；B.paid支付；C.lost丢失；D.borrowed借给。根据下文“A teacher always gives ”可知，这支笔刷是老师给的，故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个笔刷比你们的所给的报价更珍贵。A.sensitive敏感的；B.original原来的；C.useful有用的；D.precious珍贵的。分析可知，因为是老师教他作画，故老师给的笔比任何价格都珍贵，故选D。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的人都能理解并且尊重他们之间的师生情谊。A.respected尊重；B.inspected检查；C.reported报告；D.shared分享。分析可知，设空处与“understood”感情色彩一致。故尊重他们的师生情谊。故选A。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个老师给予他学生最好的财富是以知识，智慧和艺术的形式呈现的，老师期望学生将会恰当地利用老师给予的财富。A.expectation期望；B.destination目的地；C.creation创造；D.position位置。根据“his student will___15__make use of it.”可知，学生合理利用老师给的财富是老师所期望的，故选A。
15.考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.essentially重要地；B.desperately绝望地；C.necessarily必要地；D.properly恰当地。老师希望学生能够恰当运用老师教给他的东西，符合题意，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exercise has a ___56___(various) of health benefits. However, some people ___57___ tend to exercise for a long time assume that if some exercise is good, more is always___58___(good) . For example, some people go ___59___(jog) for several hours at a time because of the step-counting smartphone apps. Others work ___60___ for hours at the weekend to make up for ___61___(they) lack of exercise during the weekdays. Habits like these put stress on the body, and if they ___62___(maintain) over the long term,can become a serious health risk.
How long you exercise ___63___(be) of great importance. It's suggested to exercise 30 to 60 minutes per day,___64___ will prevent you from getting hurt. Moreover, it___65___(ensure) that the exercise you do has a positive effect on your physical health.
【答案】56. variety
57. who##that
58. better 59. jogging
60. out 61. their
62. are maintained
63. is 64. which
65. will ensure
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述了运动给健康会带来好处。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：运动对健康有很多好处。短语：a variety of“各种各样的”为固定短语，结合句中提示，故填variety。
2.考查定语从句。句意：然而，有些人倾向于长时间锻炼，认为如果一些锻炼是好的，越多越好。分析可知，_____ tend to exercise for a long time为定语从句，先行词为some people，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
3.考查比较级。句意同上。结合空前more is always可知，此处指越多越好，故填better。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，有些人一次慢跑几个小时，因为智能手机的计步应用程序。短语：go jogging“慢跑”为固定短语，此处jogging为动名词，故填jogging。
5.考查短语。句意：另一些人在周末锻炼几个小时，以弥补他们在工作日缺乏锻炼的缺陷。短语：work out“锻炼”为固定结构，结合句意，此处指其他人周末会锻炼几个小时。故填out。
6.考查物主代词。句意同上。lack“缺乏”为名词，所以其前要用形容词来修饰，所以此处用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
7.考查时态和语态。句意：这样的习惯会给身体带来压力，如果长期保持下去，会对健康造成严重威胁。maintain“维持”为及物动词，结合句意，从句主语they与动词maintain为动宾关系，所以此处要用被动；根据主句中can可知，此处时态为一般现在时。故填are maintained。
8.考查主谓一致和时态。句意：你锻炼多长时间很重要。短语：be of importance“重要”，分析可知，How long you exercise为主语从句，在句中作主语，为单数含义。空白处为谓语，结合语境，此处为习惯性动作，所以时态用一般现在时，故填is。
9.考查定语从句。句意：建议每天锻炼30到60分钟，这样可以避免受伤。分析可知，_____ will prevent you from getting hurt为非限制性定语从句，空白处指代逗号前全部内容，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
10.考查时态。句意：此外，它将确保你所做的锻炼对你的身体健康有积极的影响。结合句中that the exercise you do has a positive effect on your physical health.可知，此处提到的积极影响为锻炼产生的结果，所以应用一般将来时。故填will ensure。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分35分）
第一节（满分10分）
66. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter一直在学习中文，他想看一部中国电影，希望你能推荐一部中国影片。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
（1）电影的基本介绍和简要情节；
（2）推荐这部电影的理由。
注意：（1）词数应为80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm more than glad to receive your e-mail saying you are interested in Chinese movies. Among all the movies I've watched, there's one that left a deep impression on me.I will introduce it to you in details.
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based on the real story of Yu Minhong who is the founder of New Oriental School. The movie, focusing on friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the story of the three partners setting up the largest English training school in China after meeting lots of difficulties.The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack. American Dreams in China conveys a message that we should stick to our dreams.
I strongly recommend it for you because you can see a totally different China in it. I do hope you will enjoy it. I am looking forward to receiving your feedback and sharing more with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Peter写一封信，推荐一部中国影片。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased/delighted
留下深刻印象：leave a deep impression → make a deep impression
详细地：in details→ at length
坚持：stick to→persist in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack.
拓展句：The director pictures the changes in Chinese society with beautiful scenes and sentimental soundtrack, which is illustrated vividly along with the behaviors of the characters.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based on the real story of Yu Minhong who is the founder of New Oriental School.（运用了同位语和定语从句）
[高分句型2]
The movie, focusing on friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the story of the three partners setting up the largest English training school in China after meeting lots of difficulties.（运用了现在分词作定语）
第二节（满分20分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eric threw himself on the sofa, sighing. Mother's Day was approaching, but he didn't have a present. “ How can I buy a present without any money? ” he thought.
Eric picked up the newspaper that was lying on the couch. He noticed a large advertisement on the front page. The local department store was sponsoring a contest. “ Tell us why your mom is special and win a shopping spree for her, ” said the advertisement.
“This is perfect!” thought Eric. He ran to his room with the newspaper. Taking a pencil and a blank piece of paper from his desk, he started to write.
“My mom is the best mother in the world. She always makes lunch for me to take to school, and she never forgets my dessert. She reads as many books to me before bed as I want. She always remembers to check under the bed for monsters. And she gives me the best hug, but never in front of my friends, who would laugh at me for hugging my mom.”
Eric liked what he had written. He copied it neatly and got an envelope and a stamp from his bed. He ran to the mailbox with his entry. “Mom will love having a shopping spree,” he thought.
Eric checked the mailbox every day for his prize. Days went by, and then weeks. Soon it was the day before Mother's Day. Eric still hadn't heard anything about the contest.
“ What am I going to do now? ” he wondered. He didn't have a present, and he didn't have a shopping spree. And he still didn't have money.
He had to think of something. Eric closed his eyes and curled his toes and thought hard.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly he had an idea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning Eric handed his letter to his mom.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
Suddenly he had an idea. He fumbled in his drawers and fortunately found a piece of delicate and fragrant paper. He sat down straight on his chair, and began to write a letter in his best handwriting as a Mother's Day present. “Dear mom, I'm writing this to tell you that you are the best mother in the world…” With a sincere heart, Eric finished the letter and sealed it in an envelope, his lips curving into a smile.
Para 2:
The next morning Eric handed his letter to his mom. Finishing reading the letter, his mom swept him into her arms with her eyes wet as if she wanted to squeeze the breath out of him. “Thank you, my dear!” She sniffed, hugging Eric more tightly. Leaning against his mother’s shoulder, Eric slowly explained why he chose to write a letter as a gift. After hearing the reason, his mom gently touched his head, saying, “To me, your letter is better than a thousand shopping sprees.” Hugging each other, they felt blissful as if they were in possession of everything. Indeed, love should be made known to loved ones.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Eric不知道怎么才能不花钱给妈妈送母亲节礼物，这时，他在报纸上看到一则广告——告诉我们你妈妈的特别之处，为她赢得一个购物狂欢。Eric立刻行动，写下妈妈的特别之处，然后邮寄出去，Eric焦急地等着结果。
【详解】（1）段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然他有了一个主意。”和第二段提示句可知，第一段可描写Eric给他母亲写了一封信作为母亲节的礼物，要详细描写信件的内容。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上Eric把信给了他的妈妈。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈读完信件后的反应以及Eric解释了写信的原因。
（2）续写线索：有主意——写信——送信——感动——拥抱
（3）词汇激活
行为类：
①开始做某事：begin to do sth./start to do sth./set about doing sth.
②完成：finish/complete/accomplish
③解释：explain/account for/make clear
情绪类：
①真诚的：sincere/genuine/hearty
②幸福的：blissful/happy
【点睛】[高分句型1] With a sincere heart, Eric finished the letter and sealed it in an envelope, his lips curving into a smile.(运用独立主格结构)
[高分句型2] Leaning against his mother's shoulder, Eric slowly explained why he chose to write a letter as a gift.(现在分词短语作状语及why引导的宾语从句)
第三节（共10小题, 每小题0.5分，满分5分）
68. I also understand that being healthy and ________ is more important than being slim.（根据句意填空）
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我也明白健康和精力充沛比苗条更重要。根据句中being healthy and 和句意可知，空白处应为形容词“精力充沛的”，energetic“精力充沛的”为形容词，故填energetic。
69. My doctor tells me that it'll help me________ better in class. （根据句意填空）
【答案】concentrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我的医生告诉我这能帮助我在课堂上更好地集中注意力。根据句意表示“集中注意力”可知应填动词concentrate，此处为短语help sb. do sth.。故填concentrate。
70. He talked to________ to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. （根据句意填空）
【答案】historians
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他与历史学家交谈，以确保细节的正确性，甚至亲自下潜到大西洋海底，查看这艘船的残骸。根据句意表示“历史学家”可知应填名词historian，作宾语，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填historians。
71. My lecture today may not be able to________ ________ ________all the work people have done behind the scenes. （根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. do ②. justice ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：我今天的演讲可能无法公正地反映出人们在幕后所做的所有工作。do justice to 公平处理； 妥善处理；给……以公道的评价。be able to能够，后接动词原形。根据句意，故填do justice to 。
72. The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without________ special effects，and it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors. （根据句意填空）
【答案】fancy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影看起来像是一部没有特技效果的典型的历史电影，主要演员的表演使它变得有趣。根据句中like a fairly typical historical film without及special effects，可推知，空白处要用形容词“异常复杂的”，fancy“需要复杂技巧的，高难度的”为形容词，符合题意，故填fancy。
73. Most people assume that regular exercise________ for the body and mind—but what exactly are its health benefits？（根据句意填空）
【答案】does wonders
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大多数人都认为有规律的锻炼对身心有奇效，但是它到底对健康有什么好处呢？根据句意表示“创造奇迹，有奇效”可知短语为do wonders，根据上文assume 可知为一般现在时，主语为regular exercise，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填does wonders。
74. All in all，I highly________ this film. （根据句意填空）
【答案】recommend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总而言之，我高度推荐这部电影。根据句意，此处应用“推荐”含义。recommend“推荐”为及物动词，空白处在句中为谓语，结合句意，动作表示一般性动作，所以时态用一般现在时。故填recommend。
75. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model，________ the thousands of props inside. （根据句意填空）
【答案】not to mention
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个精致的模型花了500名工人100天的时间，更不用说里面成千上万的道具了。表示“更不用说”应用短语not to mention。故填not to mention。
76. This extra effort makes them grow stronger________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】over the long term
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：这种额外的努力会让他们长期变得更强壮。结合句意，空白处要用“长期”含义，短语：over the long term“长期”，符合题意，故填over the long term。
77. Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way,________.（根据句意填空）
【答案】you're more likely to stick with them
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。结合句意表示“更有可能做某事”短语为be more likely to do sth.，根据上文enjoy可知为一般现在时；表示“坚持”短语为stick with。故填you're more likely to stick with them。
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