初中Grammar获奖ppt课件

设计说明

首先呈现几张弱势群体的图片，让学生思考如何给予他们帮助。接下来通过Reading部分的几个被动语态的句子引出一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态结构; 继而讲解被动语态的用法，让学生对被动语态有明确的认识。接下来讲解主动语态与被动语态之间的转换，通过课本上的一些练习让学生进行巩固。用一些图片创设情境来巩固这两种时态的被动语态，最后设置一部分当堂练习对本课节内容进行检测。

教学目标

通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：

1.知识目标

掌握词汇：hold, set, hand out, set up

2.能力目标

(1)了解使用被动语态的语境;

(2)掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时;

(3)熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。

3.情感目标

培养学生的社会责任感，让学生积极参加社会公益慈善活动，把助人为乐作为自己人生重要的一部分。

重点难点

1.重点：掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时; 熟悉并运用引出动作执行者的单词by。

2.难点：了解使用被动语态的语境。

教学准备

PPT 课件；相关图片。

授课时数

1课时

教学过程

Step 1  Lead-in

1. Show some pictures about blind, homeless, poor, elderly people and ask.

blind         homeless        poor           elderly

How can we help these people in our daily lives?

We can save our pocket money and donate it to them.

We can give food to homeless people.

We can give our seats on the bus to the elderly.

Step 2  Presentation  

1. Teach some new words.

  hand out the leaflet

  hand out分发, 提出  leaflet n. 传单, 散页印刷品

  hold v. 举行

  set v. 创建，建立

  set up 建起，设立

  including prep. 包括

2. Show some pictures and sentences that include Passive Voice.

What is this charity called in English?

It is called ORBIS.

What is the plane used as?

It is used as a hospital. It is also used as a training centre.

How many patients were operated on during Dr Ma’s last visit?

During his last visit, 150 patients were operated on.

  Where do ORBIS doctors do operations?

ORBIS doctors do operations on the plane.

奥比斯医生在飞机上动手术。

  do  →   active voice   主动语态

  What is needed by ORBIS to help blind people?

More money is needed by ORBIS to help blind people.

奥比斯需要更多的钱来帮助盲人。

is needed  →   passive voice  被动语态

3. Exercises.

  判断：主动语态( A ) /被动语态( B ); 被动语态要写出动词部分。

(1) Millie and Amy took the little cat to the animal center yesterday. 

(2) The 79-year-old man was saved out of a fire last year. 

(3) This kind of cake is called mooncake.              

(4) People use a keyboard to type information into the computer. 

(5) The windows in our classroom are cleaned once a week.     

Answers: (1) A  (2) B  was saved  (3) B  is called  (4) A

(5) B  are cleaned 

Step 3  Analysis

1. The usage of Passive Voice.

(1) 动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。

None of the books was taken away. 没有一本书被拿走。

(2) 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。

  The toy is designed for children. 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。

(3) 需要强调动作的承受者时。

   My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。

(4) 出于委婉或礼貌而避开谈论动作的执行者时。

   The problem was talked about just now. 这个问题刚才被讨论过。

(5) 在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。

Mr Wu is liked by all of students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。

歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。

注意：有些动词常用于被动语态。看以下例句:

He was born in Nanjing. 他出生于南京。

The mobile phone was made in China. 

这部手机是中国制造的。

Conclusion:  被动语态的构成：be +v(pp)

一般现在时——am／is／are + v(pp)

一般过去时—— was／were +v(pp)

2. Show some pictures and do some exercises.

use  every day                          often  play

The computer is used every day.         Football is often played.

plant  every year                      clean     every day

The trees are planted every year.      The blackboard is cleaned every day.

build last year               　　　　　  catch yesterday

The tall buildings were built last year.    The thief was caught by the police yesterday.

3. Match and say:

(1) More money

(2) This charity                                                                                       

(3) Medicine

(4) Many local doctors

(5) This place

A. (send) to poor areas every month

B. (use) as a training centre

C. (call) UNICEF

D. (donate) to build this hospital last week

E. (invite) to this talk yesterday

Answers:

(1)- D   (2)- C   (3)- A   (4)- E   (5)- B    

(1) More money was donated to build this hospital last week.

(2) This charity is called UNICEF.                                                                                       

(3) Medicine is sent to poor areas every month.

(4) Many local doctors were invited to this talk yesterday.

(5) This place is used as a training centre. 

Step 4  Presentation  

1. Change the active voice into passive voice.

We plant trees. 主动语态

Trees are planted by us. 被动语态

They built a new bridge. 主动语态

A new bridge was built by them. 被动语态

2. Summary. 

主动语态变被动语态的口诀

宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 

“用”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。

3. Practice.

把主动语态变为被动语态：

(1) People grow rice in many parts of China.

(2) She held a charity show yesterday.

(3) People usually send Christmas cards in December.

(4) We bought some computers last week.

Answers:

(1) Rice is grown by people in many parts of China.

(2) A charity show was held by her yesterday.

(3) Christmas cards are usually sent by people in December.

(4) Some computers were bought by us last week. 

4. Do the exercises in Part A on Page 99. Then check the answers.

What they do every year

(1) Charity activities ________________________ (plan/to help the poor).

(2) Leaflets ________________________ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).

(3) Toys and CDs ________________________ (sell/to raise money).

What they did last week

(4) New books ________________________ (send/to children in poor areas/ the Class 1, Grade 8 students).

(5) Warm clothes ________________________ (collect/for poor people).

(6) A charity show ________________________ (hold/the Students’ Union).

Answers:

(1) Charity activities are planned to help the poor.

(2) Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers.

(3) Toys and CDs are sold to raise money.

(4) New books were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students.

(5) Warm clothes were collected for poor people.

(6) A charity show was held by the Students’ Union.

4. Part B: Amy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice. 

Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.

Daniel: Really? Please tell me about it.

Amy: OK. Oxfam 　1　 (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop 　2　 (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops all over the world. A lot of things 　3　 (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money 　4　 (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.    

Daniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of               them 　5　 (call) Project Hope.  It 　6　 (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country 　7　 (give)  basic education.

Amy: Yes. Many schools 　8　 (build) in poor areas each year.

Answers：1 was set up  2 was opened  3 are sold  4 is used  5 is called

6 was started  7 were given  8 are built

Step 5  Extension

1. Fill in the blanks.  

Oxfam is an organization. It helps p________ people around the world. Oxfam was set u________ in the UK in 1942 and the first Oxfam shop was o________ in 1948. Now the n________ of the Oxfam shops in the world is about 15,000. Oxfam shops sell a lot of t________ including books. Oxfam u________ money to help poor people. There are also some charity projects in China. For e________, Project Hope was started in 1989. B________ of its help, Project Hope provides b________ education for poor children all over the country. Every year, Project Hope helps build many s________.

Answers: poor, up, opened, number, things, uses, example, Because, basic, schools

2. Analysis. 

(1)句子的主语和宾语由名词充当，注意单数和复数。

(2)句子的谓语由动词充当，注意语态和时态。

(3)句子的定语通常由形容词充当，注意比较等级。

(4)注意固定词组积累。

3. Make sentences using the passive voice according to the given pictures.

(1) Every year, a charity show…                         

hand out leaflets     sell old books     Project Hope

(2) Last week, a charity show…

   collect clothes    send new books     poor area

4. Work out the rules.

A.一般现在时的被动语态是由 “am/is/are + v(pp) ” 构成。

  一般过去时的被动语态是由 “was/were + v(pp) ” 构成。

B.把主动语态变成被动语态的方法：

(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2) 把谓语变成被动结构。

(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

Step 6  Homework

1. Suppose you are a volunteer of the Home for the elderly (敬老院), try to make five sentences using passive voice to ask your friends to help the elderly.

2. Finish off the exercises on the exercise books.

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