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湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第三次月考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第三次月考试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023-1雅礼中学高三上第三次月考
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Since early May 2022, cases of monkeypox (猴痘) have been reported from countries where the disease is not endemic (地方性流行的), and continue to be reported in several endemic countries. Most confirmed cases with travel history reported travel to countries in Europe and North America, rather than West or Central Africa where the monkeypox virus is endemic. This is the first time that many monkeypox cases and clusters have been reported concurrently in non-endemic and endemic countries in widely disparate geographical areas. Click here for more information.
WHO is collaborating with health authorities to prevent further spread of the disease. We are issuing guidance to help countries on surveillance, laboratory work, clinical care, infection prevention and control, as well as risk communication and community engagement to inform communities at risk and the broader general public about monkeypox and how to keep safe.
You can catch monkeypox through close contact with someone who has symptoms. Close contact includes skin-to-skin; face-to-face; mouth-to-skin; and mouth-to-mouth. You can also catch monkeypox from contaminated bedding, towels, surfaces or objects.
Protect yourself
• If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them
• Know the symptoms and check yourself regularly
• If you have symptoms, seek health advice and self-isolate while you wait to get tested
• Get vaccinated if it is available to you
• Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious
• Stay informed about monkeypox in your area
• Have open, non-judgmental conversations with people you come into close contact with about any symptoms you or they may have
Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home
• Isolate in a separate room
• Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use
• Clean hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
• Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects
• Avoid sweeping and vacuuming
• Use separate dishes, cups, bedding, towels and electronics
• Do your own laundry. Put everything in a plastic bag before carrying it to the washing machine. Use soap and water > 60 degrees.
• Open windows
1. What should we do when interacting with infected people?
A. Talk with them.
B. Gossip about how they were infected.
C. Be friendly and shake hands with them.
D. Disinfect surfaces or objects touched by them.
2. If you are recovering from monkeypox at home, which is WRONG to protect others?
A. Keep good ventilation. B. Clean the floor frequently.
C. Don’t do laundry with your family. D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A website. B. A book.
C. A brochure. D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述自2022年5月份开始猴痘病开始传播，为了预防更近一步的扩散，世界卫生组织制定了一些注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Protect yourself”中第一条注意事项“If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them.(如果你认识的人中有人被诊断患有或者疑似患有猴痘病，一定要避免与其近距离接触)”以及第五条注意事项“Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious(清洁和消毒可能被感染者污染的环境)”可知，当跟感染者有接触时，应该消毒感染者接触过的表面或者物体。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home”中第二条“Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use(浴室要分开或者每次使用后用家庭消毒剂清洁和消毒浴室)”可知，要清洁和消毒浴室，所以D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.(每次使用后清洁浴室)正确；根据最后一条“Open windows(开窗)”可知，要保持空气流通，所以A. Keep good ventilation.(保持空气流通)正确；根据倒数第二条“Do your own laundry.(自己洗衣服)”可知，衣物要分开洗，所以C. Don’t do laundry with your family.(不要跟家人的衣物一起洗)正确；根据第四条“Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects(经常清理和消毒触摸过的物体和表面)”可知，并没有让经常清理地板，所以B错误。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“Click here for more information.(点击这里获得更多的信息)”可知，这篇文章很可能来自网上。故选A。
B
The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.
This decision was based on their interpretation of constitutional law, but it’s also deeply political. When the court overturns a previous ruling it inevitably looks to critics to be more political than constitutional.
The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade — and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.
Now that Roe v Wade is overturned, 26 states could further restrict abortion access, including 13 states that have passed so-called trigger laws, which would introduce bans immediately upon the court’s decision.
Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.
As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.
There were somewhere between 600,000 and 800,000 abortions in the US in 2019. According to the Center for Disease Control, about one in six pregnancies end in abortion, and over 90% occur in the first trimester (妊娠头三个月). Over half of women who get abortions are already mothers, and for most, it is their first abortion.
Further fights may be ahead over how this ruling affects certain types of contraception (避孕) or IVF treatment. And some have questioned whether similar legal arguments can be used to undermine same-sex marriage.
America today feels like one country that contains two very separate nations, inhabited by two tribes that have completely different values, beliefs and goals. Now, they have just moved farther apart.
(Roe v Wade案是美国最高院1973年宣判的一个案子，它通过借道隐私权，确认了美国宪法保障女性的堕胎权。)
4. What does the underlined word “sanctuaries” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Refuges. B. Churches. C. Markets. D. Intersections.
5. What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?
A. The decision will reduce abortion effectively.
B. All abortion clinics will be abandoned in America.
C. Women will still try different ways to have an abortion.
D. Time and money is a must for women to have an abortion.
6. Which of the following is CORRECT?
A. Women in California can’t have an abortion.
B. Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.
C. America is a very united country in terms of abortion right.
D. The decision was made merely according to interpretation of law.
7. What is the best title of the text?
A. Abortion right is human right
B. Why is abortion forbidden in America
C. Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost
D. Women should fight for their abortion right
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国最高法院裁定推翻罗伊诉韦德案，让各州决定女性是否拥有堕胎的权利。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.(像加利福尼亚和纽约这样由民主党控制的州将把自己塑造成堕胎sanctuaries，欢迎来自堕胎被宣布为非法的地方的妇女。总共有20个州堕胎仍然是受保护的权利。大约有2650万育龄妇女生活在这些州。)”可知，那些因堕胎而被宣布为违法的女性可以生活在像纽约和加利福尼亚等州，这些州有保护堕胎的权利，因此可知，加利福尼亚和纽约这样的州对这些女性来说是避难圣地，因此可推知划线词与选项A“Refuges(避难所)”意思相近。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.(随着堕胎诊所在禁止这种做法的州关闭，预计会有更多的诊所在州边界附近仍然允许堕胎的地方开业。那些没有时间或金钱去到那里的人可能会诉诸其他方式——比如在网上订购人工流产药丸——即使这是非法的。)”可知，虽然在禁止堕胎的州内关闭了一些诊所，但是在允许堕胎的一些边境地方将会开设更多的诊所，并且人们还会网上订购人工流产药丸来堕胎，因此推知，女性们仍然会选择各种方式来堕胎。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade—and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.(因为唐纳德·特朗普任命的三名大法官，最高法院以6比3的比例获得了保守派的绝对多数。特朗普在竞选中做出了明确的承诺，将任命推翻罗伊诉韦德案的法官——这些任命可能是他最持久的遗产。)”可知，特朗普任命的法官推翻了罗伊诉韦德案，由此可知，唐纳德·特朗普反对堕胎，B项“Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.(唐纳德·特朗普努力废除堕胎)”说法正确。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段的“The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.(美国最高法院最终决定推翻罗伊诉韦德案，开启了这场持续数十年的流产之争的新篇章。在一项6比3的裁决中，法院发现宪法中没有堕胎的权利，将是否允许堕胎的决定权转向了各州。现在，预计数百万妇女将无法享有这项权利。)”可知，本文主要报道了美国否定了罗伊诉韦德案，使得妇女享有的堕胎权丢失，所以“Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost(罗伊诉韦德案被推翻，堕胎权丧失)”是最佳标题。故选C项。
C
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will and the skill, to address ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher. “So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university’s director of housing and residence education says. “It used to be: ‘Let’s sit down and talk about it.’” he says. “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? “Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
8. What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts?
A. Students are not strong-willed.
B. Students are not satisfied with each other.
C. Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D. Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
9. What do we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B. Some students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C. Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D. The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
10. What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates disclosing their conflicts in the media?
A. Disapproval. B. Indifference. C. Eagerness. D. Empathy.
11. What should parents do according to the passage?
A. They should be involved in their children’s life on campus.
B. They should teach their children the skills to tackle the conflicts.
C. They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D. They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了大学生宿舍冲突日益加剧的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”（我们的很多室友冲突都是因为孩子们不知道如何协商问题。）可知，许多室友冲突的主要原因是学生们不善于就问题达成一致意见。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”（这个问题在大一新生中表现得最为明显；舍务专员说，随着学生们临近毕业，他们看到了改善，但有些人似乎从来没有领会到这一点，他们担心这些学生毕业后将如何处理冲突。）可知，有些学生到毕业时还无法处理冲突。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“ ‘Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,’ says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. ‘It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.’ ”（加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California, Los Angeles)住宿生活办公室助理主任达纳·皮斯说:“有人在Facebook上的留言板上贴了一些东西:哦，我的室友让我整晚熬夜学习。”“这是一种表达彼此冲突的不同方式，随着投诉公开化，结果会产生更多摩擦。”）可知，达纳·皮斯并不赞同在媒体上公开与室友间的冲突这一做法。故选A。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. ”（管理人员指出，父母在孩子的整个生活中都解决了他们的问题。现在上了大学，孩子们甚至缺乏处理轻微冲突的能力。）可知，家长们应该教他们的孩子处理冲突的技能。故选B。
D
If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up.
Now researchers have made progress in understanding how mammals’ brain encodes social rank and uses this information to shape behaviors — such as whether to fight for the last pizza slice. They discovered that an area of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was responsible for representing social rank in mammals; changes to a mouse’s mPFC affected its dominance behavior. But it was unknown how the mPFC represented this information and which neurons(神经元) were involved in changing dominance behaviour.
In the new study Professor Kay Tye let groups of four mice share a cage. Some mice became more dominant and others more subordinate. As soon as the mice were paired up, he discovered, the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict — with 90 percent certainty — the rank of their opponent.
“We expected animals might only signal rank when they are in a competition,” says co-researcher Nancy. “But it turns out animals walk around with this representation of social rank all the time.”
When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict — a full 30 seconds before the competition started — which mouse would win the food reward.
The winner was not always the more dominant, but the one engaged in a winning mindset. Just as you might sometimes be in a more competitive mood and be more likely to snatch that pizza slice before your boss, a subordinate mouse might be in a more winning mindset than a more dominant mouse and end up winning.
The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and winning mindset are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in winning mindset. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and winning mindset may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one.
“This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To provide background information. B. To state the importance of social rank.
C. To give readers an example of social rank. D. To introduce the topic of the reading passage.
13. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The mPFC neurons. B. The researchers.
C. The brain activity patterns. D. The changes in behaviour.
14. What can we learn from the new study?
A. Brain activities can influence social rank.
B. Dominant opponents boost winning mindset.
C. Social rank and winning mindset affect behaviour.
D. Animals only exhibit their rank in competition.
15. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Winning mindset establishes dominance.
B. Social rank guides competitive behaviour.
C. A subordinate mouse can never been a winner.
D. Awareness of different people around you make your brain use different neurons.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员对大脑中一个叫做内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）的区域如何参与改变支配行为的研究，得出结论：处于“胜利心态”的人更容易成为具有统治力的人，意识到周围不同的人会让你的大脑使用不同的神经元。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister—you might just grab the pizza. Your boss—you probably will give up. But if you’re hungry and feeling particularly confident, you might go for it. ” (如果你在派对上伸手去拿最后一块披萨，同时看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行动可能取决于你的感觉以及那只手属于谁。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披萨。如果是你的老板——你可能会放弃。但是如果你饿了并且感觉特别自信，你可能会去拿披萨。)结合之后文章提出大脑中一个叫做内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）的区域负责代表哺乳动物的社会地位，可知作者写第一段是为了引出一个主要话题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict—a full 30 seconds before the competition started—which mouse would win the food reward. ” (当研究人员再次询问mPFC神经元的活动是否与行为有关时，他们发现了一些令人惊讶的事情。大脑活动模式与行为的轻微变化有关，例如老鼠移动的速度，它们还可以在比赛开始前整整30秒预测哪只老鼠会赢得食物奖励。)可知研究人员发现大脑活动模式与行为密切相关，划线部分的“they”指的是大脑活动模式。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and “winning mindset” are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in “winning mindset”. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and “winning mindset” may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one. ”( mPFC中与社会地位和“获胜心态”相关的区域彼此相邻，高度相关。社会等级的信号会影响“获胜心态”的大脑状态。换句话说，当面对占优势的老鼠时，从属老鼠的信心和“获胜心态”可能会部分下降。)可知社会地位和获胜心态可能会影响心态，从而影响行为。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up. ” (如果你在派对上伸手去拿最后一块披萨，同时看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行动可能取决于你的感觉以及那只手属于谁。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披萨。如果是你的老板——你可能会放弃。)；再根据倒数第一段““This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye. ” (Tye说，这是进一步的证据表明，当我们和别人在一起时，与我们独自一人时相比，我们的大脑状态是不同的。)可知，我们大脑的神经元会随着周围不同的人而发生改变。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are someone who struggles with exam anxiety, know that you aren’t alone.
If you are always successful, you may not learn much. ____16____ Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things. Although nobody likes to fail, scientists have long suspected that people learnt better when they were challenged to learn something just outside of their existing knowledge.
Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful. ____17____ To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd(奇数的) or even(偶数的). They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.
_____18_____ It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level. If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time. _____19_____ If they give really hard examples, you still won’t learn anything new. Only when you are at this “sweet spot” can you get the most information from each particular example.
_____20_____ You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time. If you are taking classes that are too easy, then you aren’t probably getting as much out of a class as someone who’s struggling but managing to keep up.
A. Accept challenges bravely.
B. Then there’s nothing left to learn.
C. The more difficult the task, the better.
D. In this way, you can maximize your learning.
E. But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.
F. Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.
G. The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。科学家们发现，学习新事物秘诀是错误率为15%，这一“最佳点”效应也可以运用于学校教学和测试中。
【16题详解】
空前“If you are always successful, you may not learn much.(如果你总是成功，你可能学不到太多东西)”表明总是成功不能学习很多，空后“Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things.(科学家发现，学习新事物的秘诀是犯错率为15%)”表明犯错能学习新事物；F选项“Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.(一些研究表明，失败并不是一件坏事)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
空前“Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful.(如果任务太过困难，参与者就会在没有学到任何新技能的情况下放弃，但如果任务太过简单，他们也不会学到任何有用的东西)”可知，任务太困难或者太简单都有弊端，后文“To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd or even.(为了找出“最佳点”在哪里，亚利桑那大学的研究人员进行了一系列机器学习实验，在这些实验中，他们教会计算机一些简单的任务，比如选择一个数字是奇数还是偶数)”中提出了“sweet spot”这个概念；E选项“But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.(但这个“最佳点”一直是未知的)”与前文进行转折并引出“sweet spot”，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
空前“They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.(他们发现，当错误率为15%时，计算机学习速度最快)”为实验得出的结果，空后“It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level.(它可以帮助教师将课堂调整到合适的水平)”表明这一实验结果可以运用到课堂教学上；G选项“The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.(科学家们将其命名为“85%规则”)”表明将得出的结果制定了对应的规则，同时引起下文。故选G项。
【19题详解】
空前“If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time.(如果老师举的例子非常简单，你就能百分百答对)”表示如果过于简单，就可以完全正确；B选项“Then there’s nothing left to learn.(那就没什么可学的了)”表示过于简单的例子导致的结果，就是学不到什么，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
空后“You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time.(如果你不是百分百正确，你也不应该感到失望)”及下文可知，空格处首句应表示我们应如何面对挑战；A选项“Accept challenges bravely.(勇敢地接受挑战)”符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Christmas 1961 I was teaching in a small town where my third graders eagerly ______21______ the great day of gifts giving.
Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling. Through it all she remained ______22______, watching from afar, seemingly miles away. I wondered what had happened to this once so ______23______ but now so suddenly withdrawn child. I hoped the festivities would ______24______ her. But nothing did. We made cards and gifts for everyone. As my gift to them, I made each of my students a little bag. Of course, I knew they had each made something for me.
The day of gift-giving finally came. We oohed and aahed over our handiwork as the presents were ______25______. Through it all, she sat quietly watching. I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her ______26______. She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she ______27______. I had not cracked the wall of ______28______ she had built around herself.
After school the children left in little groups. She lingered when I sat down to catch my breath. ______29______, she came to me with outstretched hands, ______30______ a small white box, unwrapped and slightly soiled, as though it had been held many times by ______31______, childish hands. “For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded. I opened it ______32______. There inside, a shiny glass marble hung from a faded golden chain. In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.
She took the chain in both her hands, reached forward, and ______33______ the simple clasp(扣环) at the back of my neck. I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver. I ______34______ it when I whispered, “Oh, Maria, it is so beautiful. She would have loved it.” She stumbled into my arms and we wept together. And for that brief moment I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest gift of all: ______35______.
21. A. looked B. admired C. anticipated D. spent
22. A. curious B. awkward C. bitter D. indifferent
23. A. dull B. cheerful C. moody D. unfriendly
24. A. belong to B. go with C. appeal to D. turn to
25. A. compared B. purchased C. wrapped D. exchanged
26. A. pride B. movement C. smile D. gift
27. A. turned away B. tore down C. dropped out D. gave out
28. A. isolation B. trust C. safety D. hatred
29. A. Frequently B. Unexpectedly C. Apparently D. Consequently
30. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
31. A. unwashed B. disabled C. cold D. clever
32. A. by accident B. on purpose C. with care D. by force
33. A. unlocked B. secured C. removed D. rolled
34. A. pretended B. lied C. managed D. meant
35. A. a golden chain B. joy C. patience D. herself
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在一个小镇里教书时发生的事情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一个小镇里教书，在那里我的三年级的学生们热切地期待着送礼物的大日子。A.looked 看；B. admired 欣赏；C.anticipated 期待；D.spent 花费。根据下文“Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling.(每一天，除了一个女孩，所有的孩子都创造了一些新的奇迹，悬挂在天花板上)”可知，学生们很期待这个日子。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但自始至终,她都是孤零零地远远观望,仿佛是隔了一道几里长的障碍。A.curious 好奇的； B.awkward 尴尬的；C. bitter 怀恨的；苦的；D.indifferent 漠不关心的。根据空格后“watching from afar, seemingly miles away”可知，这个女孩一直保持漠不关心的态度。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我猜想着这个沉默的孩子发生了什么，原来那个快乐的孩子怎么突然变得沉默寡言起来。A. dull 枯燥的；B.cheerful 快乐的；C. moody 喜怒无常的；D.unfriendly 不友好的。根据空格后“but now so suddenly withdrawn child”可知，这个小孩突然变得沉默寡言，所以以前是一个很快乐的孩子。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望节日的活动能吸引她。A. belong to 属于；B.go with 和……一起；C.appeal to 吸引；D.turn to 转向，求助于。根据下文“ I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her 6 ”可知，作者希望这次的活动能吸引她加入。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在交换礼物时，我们为对方亲手做的礼物不停地叫好。A. compared 比较；B.purchased 购买；C. wrapped 包，裹；D.exchanged 交换。根据上文“We made cards and gifts for everyone.(我们为每个人都做了礼物)”以及本段第一句“The day of gift-giving finally came. (送礼物的日子终于到了)”可知，这里指的是大家互相交换礼物。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为她做了一个特殊的袋子 ，红绿相间还有白边，我非常想看到她笑一笑。A. pride 骄傲；B.movement 移动；C.smile 微笑；D.gift 礼物。根据下文“She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she___7___. I had not cracked the wall of ____8__she had built around herself.(她打开包装，动作又慢又小心。我等待着，但是她却转过了身。我还是没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来)”可知，作者希望能改变她，让她融入大家，让她开心起来。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我等待着，但是她却转过了身。A.turned away 转身；B.tore down 拆毁；C. dropped out 辍学；D.gave out 分发，耗尽，根据下文“I had not cracked the wall of 8 she had built around herself.”可知，作者没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，没有等到她的微笑，她反而转过了身。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还是没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来。A. isolation 隔离；B.trust 信任；C.safety 安全；D.hatred 仇恨。根据空格后“she had built around herself”可知，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A. Frequently 频繁地；B.Unexpectedly 出乎意料地；C.Apparently 明显地；D.Consequently 因此。根据上文“After school the children left in little groups. (放学后，学生们三三两两的离开了) ”和“ I sat down to catch my breath.”可知，学生离开了，作者坐下来喘口气，因此推断作者对于接下来的事情是没有一点准备的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A. bearing 携带；B.collecting 收集；C. opening 打开；D.making 制造。根据前文“ she came to me with outstretched hands”可知，她带来一个盒子。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A.unwashed 没有洗的；B.disabled 残疾的；C.cold 冷的；D.clever 聪明的。根据上文“unwrapped and slightly soiled”可知，盒子有点脏，像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很小心地打开它。A.by accident 意外地；B.on purpose 故意地；C. with care 小心地；仔细地；D.by force 靠武力。根据上文““For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded.(“给我的吗？”我微笑着问道。她什么都没说，但是点了点头 )”可知，小女孩送礼物给作者，作者很小心地打开。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她双手拿起这条项链，向前探了探身，在我的脖子后把简易的项链钩扣好。A. unlocked 开锁；B.secured 固定，系紧；C.removed 移除；D.rolled 滚动。根据下文“I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver.(我低下头看着这个礼物，然后抬起头看向她)”可知，她把项链给我带上系好。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很认真地轻声说道：“哦，玛利亚，这链子真漂亮。你妈妈一定会很喜欢它”A.pretended 假装；B.lied 撒谎；C. managed设法完成；D.meant 打算。根据上下文句意可知，作者很认真对待这件事情。I mean it“我是认真的”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那短暂的一刻我成了她妈妈，而她送给我一份最珍贵的礼物：她自己（对我的信任和爱）。A. a golden chain 一条金链子；B.joy 开心；C. patience 耐心；D.herself 她自己。根据上文“In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.(在那一瞬间我明白了——那是她为她妈妈做的，她妈妈三周前过世了，再也不能听到她孩子般的欢乐与悲伤了)”并结合上文可知，小女孩把送给刚刚去世的妈妈的礼物给了作者，对于小女孩来说这是一件非常不同寻常的礼物，代表了对作者的信任和爱，等同于把她自己（对我的信任和爱）给了作者，对作者敞开了心扉，呼应上文内容。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in _____36_____ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures _____37_____ (make) with pencil tips.
With about 80 works ____38____ (feature) landmarks and famous people in Egypt and beyond, _____39_____ 30-year-old artist said he _____40_____ (inspire) four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) into sculptures.
Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(图标), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic _____41_____ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum.
Bilal uses a microscope for an enlarged view, a set of pen cutters or carving detail _____42_____ (knife), and quality pencils ____43____ are mostly made in Germany or China while working. Through his hands, landmarks across the globe, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, appear on the pencil tips. The size of each sculpture is no more _____44_____ 6 mm unless it is a tower. And each takes an average of 10 hours ______45______ (finish).
【答案】36. northern
37. made 38. featuring
39. the 40. was inspired
41. accidentally
42. knives 43. which ## that
44. than 45. to finish
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了自学成才的埃及艺术家Ibrahim Bilal使用铅笔尖雕刻各种标志性迷你雕塑。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。Egypt是名词，需要用形容词修饰名词作定语，构成northern Egypt意为“埃及的北部”。故填northern。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。分析句子可知，displayed为句中的谓语动词，所以这里需要填非谓语动词；又因前文signature mini sculptures和make之间为被动关系，所以这里用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据前文with可知，这里应用非谓语动词；又因with+works+featuring，表示“具有……特征的作品”，这里是指作品自身带的特点，所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这位30岁艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据后文30-year-old artist可知，这里应用定冠词the来特指这位30岁的艺术家。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据后文句意可知，他是深受一位中国艺术家的启发，所以he和inspire之间为被动关系；又因文章描述的是过去的一件事情，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was inspired。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：Bilal喜欢古埃及的图标，举世闻名的罗塞塔石碑是他最早致力于的作品之一，这是一件在他所在的城市偶然发现的古埃及文物，目前保存在大英博物馆。根据后文discovered可知，这里应用副词来修饰动词作状语。故填accidentally。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：Bilal在工作时使用显微镜进行放大，使用一套削笔刀或雕刻细节刀，以及质量上乘的铅笔，这些铅笔大多是德国或中国制造的。knife为可数名词的单数，根据前文的pen cutters，所以这里应填可数名词的复数形式。故填knives。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Bilal在工作时使用显微镜进行放大，使用一套削笔刀或雕刻细节刀，以及质量上乘的铅笔，这些铅笔大多是德国或中国制造的。分析句子可知，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词为pencils，指物，所以用关系代词which或 that，在定语从句中充当主语成分。故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：除塔之外，每个雕塑的尺寸不超过6毫米。根据固定短语no more than意为“不超过”。故填than。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：并且每一个雕塑平均需要10个小时才能完成。根据固定句型sth. takes sb. time to do意为“某事花费某人多少时间去做”。故填to finish。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是学校国学社（Traditional Chinese Culture Club）社长，想邀请外教Kris一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览时间、地点；
2. 展览内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右：
2. 请按如下格式作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Kris,
I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture.
As is known to all, paper-cutting has a long history and still occupies its place in the field of art. Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show. I have seen some of these works online. They’re really fascinating masterpieces, which will absolutely not let you down.
I’m really looking forward to it. If you want to go with me, please let me know soon so that I can book the tickets in advance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生邀请外教Kris一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
给予：offer→give
展出：exhibition→display/show
令人惊叹的：spectacular→amazing/breathtaking
首先：at first→first of all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
拓展句： At first, what I’d like to tell you is that there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandfather was a wise and honorable man. His house was not far from ours, and I would visit him often going home after school.
No matter how rotten I had been, I could tell Grandpa anything. My secrets were safe. Whenever there was a problem, he gave me the tools to fix it. I knew I would always find the best answer from him. He always understood. He loved me.
I remember a time when a bunch of us were playing baseball in the field behind Mrs. Ferguson’s house. I hit one pitch just right and slam! It was a home run that soared high and away, and ended up breaking Old Lady Ferguson’s kitchen window! We all ran! Walking home, my best friend, Tom, asked, “How will she ever know who did it? She’s blinder than a bat!” He had a point.
I was afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me, so I ran. I didn’t know what she would do. I tried to calm down. However, my stomach was in knots. On the way home. I imagined that she was a mean witch (女巫) chasing me, and the further way I ran, the larger she grew... until finally she towered over the whole town, seeing my every move with an evil eye. Thoughts rushed through my mind. Would Mrs. Ferguson stay mad at me? Would she call police? Worse still, would she tell my parents I couldn’t even imagine the disappointment on Mom and Dad’s face. They were hoping I would act honestly and in a responsible way
I decided to stop by Grandpa’s. I felt ashamed. I wanted to hide. I wanted to knock my head against a tree a thousand times and make the world just go away —as if punishing myself could undo things.
“I would tell everything to Grandpa,” a voice inside me said.
“I was wrong.” I told him, with my head down. He must have known something was up by the expression on my face. He knew we had been warned many times about the dangers of playing where we shouldn’t.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Para 1: But he just listened while I continued talking.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2: Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But he just listened while I continued talking. “I was wrong. I hate myself for what I did”, I told him, with my head down. I didn’t know what to do to make things right. I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me. Finally my grandpa said, “What would you do if you were her?” After a while, I replied, “One solution is to tell her that I am sorry and offer to fix her window.”
Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out. “Doing what is right is not always easy,” he said, handing me the phone, “I am proud of you.” He did not make me do it. It was always my choice. As it turned out, Mrs. Ferguson was very kind and we even became really close friends. “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在打碎了Mrs. Ferguson的厨房玻璃后，心理挣扎着要不要向她道歉，随后向自己的祖父需求帮助，祖父给了作者非常诚恳和耐心的指引和建议。
【详解】1.段落续写：
（1）由第一段首句内容“但是，在我继续描述着事情的时候，他只是在听着”可知，该段落可以描写作者在做错事之后的内心挣扎和祖父引导作者做正确的事。
（2）由第二段首句内容“爷爷知道我已经明白了，他笑了。”可知，该段落可以描写在祖父的引导下，作者决定做正确的事。
2.续写线索：向祖父诉说—内心挣扎—祖父的引导—作者决定做正确的事—向Mrs. Ferguson道歉
3.词汇激活
行为类：
继续，保持：continue/keep/maintain
修理：fix/repair
承认：admit/acknowledge
信任：trust/believe in
情绪类：
害怕的：afraid/worried/scared
生气的：mad/angry
友善的：kind/friendly
【点睛】[高分句型1] I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me.（that引起的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”（what引起的宾语从句）
2022-2023-1雅礼中学高三上第三次月考
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Since early May 2022, cases of monkeypox (猴痘) have been reported from countries where the disease is not endemic (地方性流行的), and continue to be reported in several endemic countries. Most confirmed cases with travel history reported travel to countries in Europe and North America, rather than West or Central Africa where the monkeypox virus is endemic. This is the first time that many monkeypox cases and clusters have been reported concurrently in non-endemic and endemic countries in widely disparate geographical areas. Click here for more information.
WHO is collaborating with health authorities to prevent further spread of the disease. We are issuing guidance to help countries on surveillance, laboratory work, clinical care, infection prevention and control, as well as risk communication and community engagement to inform communities at risk and the broader general public about monkeypox and how to keep safe.
You can catch monkeypox through close contact with someone who has symptoms. Close contact includes skin-to-skin; face-to-face; mouth-to-skin; and mouth-to-mouth. You can also catch monkeypox from contaminated bedding, towels, surfaces or objects.
Protect yourself
• If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them
• Know the symptoms and check yourself regularly
• If you have symptoms, seek health advice and self-isolate while you wait to get tested
• Get vaccinated if it is available to you
• Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious
• Stay informed about monkeypox in your area
• Have open, non-judgmental conversations with people you come into close contact with about any symptoms you or they may have
Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home
• Isolate in a separate room
• Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use
• Clean hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
• Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects
• Avoid sweeping and vacuuming
• Use separate dishes, cups, bedding, towels and electronics
• Do your own laundry. Put everything in a plastic bag before carrying it to the washing machine. Use soap and water > 60 degrees.
• Open windows
1. What should we do when interacting with infected people?
A. Talk with them.
B. Gossip about how they were infected.
C. Be friendly and shake hands with them.
D. Disinfect surfaces or objects touched by them.
2. If you are recovering from monkeypox at home, which is WRONG to protect others?
A. Keep good ventilation. B. Clean the floor frequently.
C. Don’t do laundry with your family. D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A website. B. A book.
C. A brochure. D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述自2022年5月份开始猴痘病开始传播，为了预防更近一步的扩散，世界卫生组织制定了一些注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Protect yourself”中第一条注意事项“If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them.(如果你认识的人中有人被诊断患有或者疑似患有猴痘病，一定要避免与其近距离接触)”以及第五条注意事项“Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious(清洁和消毒可能被感染者污染的环境)”可知，当跟感染者有接触时，应该消毒感染者接触过的表面或者物体。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home”中第二条“Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use(浴室要分开或者每次使用后用家庭消毒剂清洁和消毒浴室)”可知，要清洁和消毒浴室，所以D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.(每次使用后清洁浴室)正确；根据最后一条“Open windows(开窗)”可知，要保持空气流通，所以A. Keep good ventilation.(保持空气流通)正确；根据倒数第二条“Do your own laundry.(自己洗衣服)”可知，衣物要分开洗，所以C. Don’t do laundry with your family.(不要跟家人的衣物一起洗)正确；根据第四条“Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects(经常清理和消毒触摸过的物体和表面)”可知，并没有让经常清理地板，所以B错误。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“Click here for more information.(点击这里获得更多的信息)”可知，这篇文章很可能来自网上。故选A。
B
The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.
This decision was based on their interpretation of constitutional law, but it’s also deeply political. When the court overturns a previous ruling it inevitably looks to critics to be more political than constitutional.
The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade — and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.
Now that Roe v Wade is overturned, 26 states could further restrict abortion access, including 13 states that have passed so-called trigger laws, which would introduce bans immediately upon the court’s decision.
Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.
As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.
There were somewhere between 600,000 and 800,000 abortions in the US in 2019. According to the Center for Disease Control, about one in six pregnancies end in abortion, and over 90% occur in the first trimester (妊娠头三个月). Over half of women who get abortions are already mothers, and for most, it is their first abortion.
Further fights may be ahead over how this ruling affects certain types of contraception (避孕) or IVF treatment. And some have questioned whether similar legal arguments can be used to undermine same-sex marriage.
America today feels like one country that contains two very separate nations, inhabited by two tribes that have completely different values, beliefs and goals. Now, they have just moved farther apart.
(Roe v Wade案是美国最高院1973年宣判的一个案子，它通过借道隐私权，确认了美国宪法保障女性的堕胎权。)
4. What does the underlined word “sanctuaries” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Refuges. B. Churches. C. Markets. D. Intersections.
5. What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?
A. The decision will reduce abortion effectively.
B. All abortion clinics will be abandoned in America.
C. Women will still try different ways to have an abortion.
D. Time and money is a must for women to have an abortion.
6. Which of the following is CORRECT?
A. Women in California can’t have an abortion.
B. Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.
C. America is a very united country in terms of abortion right.
D. The decision was made merely according to interpretation of law.
7. What is the best title of the text?
A. Abortion right is human right
B. Why is abortion forbidden in America
C. Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost
D. Women should fight for their abortion right
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国最高法院裁定推翻罗伊诉韦德案，让各州决定女性是否拥有堕胎的权利。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.(像加利福尼亚和纽约这样由民主党控制的州将把自己塑造成堕胎sanctuaries，欢迎来自堕胎被宣布为非法的地方的妇女。总共有20个州堕胎仍然是受保护的权利。大约有2650万育龄妇女生活在这些州。)”可知，那些因堕胎而被宣布为违法的女性可以生活在像纽约和加利福尼亚等州，这些州有保护堕胎的权利，因此可知，加利福尼亚和纽约这样的州对这些女性来说是避难圣地，因此可推知划线词与选项A“Refuges(避难所)”意思相近。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.(随着堕胎诊所在禁止这种做法的州关闭，预计会有更多的诊所在州边界附近仍然允许堕胎的地方开业。那些没有时间或金钱去到那里的人可能会诉诸其他方式——比如在网上订购人工流产药丸——即使这是非法的。)”可知，虽然在禁止堕胎的州内关闭了一些诊所，但是在允许堕胎的一些边境地方将会开设更多的诊所，并且人们还会网上订购人工流产药丸来堕胎，因此推知，女性们仍然会选择各种方式来堕胎。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade—and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.(因为唐纳德·特朗普任命的三名大法官，最高法院以6比3的比例获得了保守派的绝对多数。特朗普在竞选中做出了明确的承诺，将任命推翻罗伊诉韦德案的法官——这些任命可能是他最持久的遗产。)”可知，特朗普任命的法官推翻了罗伊诉韦德案，由此可知，唐纳德·特朗普反对堕胎，B项“Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.(唐纳德·特朗普努力废除堕胎)”说法正确。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段的“The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.(美国最高法院最终决定推翻罗伊诉韦德案，开启了这场持续数十年的流产之争的新篇章。在一项6比3的裁决中，法院发现宪法中没有堕胎的权利，将是否允许堕胎的决定权转向了各州。现在，预计数百万妇女将无法享有这项权利。)”可知，本文主要报道了美国否定了罗伊诉韦德案，使得妇女享有的堕胎权丢失，所以“Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost(罗伊诉韦德案被推翻，堕胎权丧失)”是最佳标题。故选C项。
C
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will and the skill, to address ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher. “So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university’s director of housing and residence education says. “It used to be: ‘Let’s sit down and talk about it.’” he says. “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? “Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
8. What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts?
A. Students are not strong-willed.
B. Students are not satisfied with each other.
C. Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D. Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
9. What do we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B. Some students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C. Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D. The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
10. What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates disclosing their conflicts in the media?
A. Disapproval. B. Indifference. C. Eagerness. D. Empathy.
11. What should parents do according to the passage?
A. They should be involved in their children’s life on campus.
B. They should teach their children the skills to tackle the conflicts.
C. They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D. They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了大学生宿舍冲突日益加剧的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”（我们的很多室友冲突都是因为孩子们不知道如何协商问题。）可知，许多室友冲突的主要原因是学生们不善于就问题达成一致意见。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”（这个问题在大一新生中表现得最为明显；舍务专员说，随着学生们临近毕业，他们看到了改善，但有些人似乎从来没有领会到这一点，他们担心这些学生毕业后将如何处理冲突。）可知，有些学生到毕业时还无法处理冲突。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“ ‘Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,’ says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. ‘It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.’ ”（加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California, Los Angeles)住宿生活办公室助理主任达纳·皮斯说:“有人在Facebook上的留言板上贴了一些东西:哦，我的室友让我整晚熬夜学习。”“这是一种表达彼此冲突的不同方式，随着投诉公开化，结果会产生更多摩擦。”）可知，达纳·皮斯并不赞同在媒体上公开与室友间的冲突这一做法。故选A。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. ”（管理人员指出，父母在孩子的整个生活中都解决了他们的问题。现在上了大学，孩子们甚至缺乏处理轻微冲突的能力。）可知，家长们应该教他们的孩子处理冲突的技能。故选B。
D
If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up.
Now researchers have made progress in understanding how mammals’ brain encodes social rank and uses this information to shape behaviors — such as whether to fight for the last pizza slice. They discovered that an area of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was responsible for representing social rank in mammals; changes to a mouse’s mPFC affected its dominance behavior. But it was unknown how the mPFC represented this information and which neurons(神经元) were involved in changing dominance behaviour.
In the new study Professor Kay Tye let groups of four mice share a cage. Some mice became more dominant and others more subordinate. As soon as the mice were paired up, he discovered, the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict — with 90 percent certainty — the rank of their opponent.
“We expected animals might only signal rank when they are in a competition,” says co-researcher Nancy. “But it turns out animals walk around with this representation of social rank all the time.”
When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict — a full 30 seconds before the competition started — which mouse would win the food reward.
The winner was not always the more dominant, but the one engaged in a winning mindset. Just as you might sometimes be in a more competitive mood and be more likely to snatch that pizza slice before your boss, a subordinate mouse might be in a more winning mindset than a more dominant mouse and end up winning.
The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and winning mindset are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in winning mindset. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and winning mindset may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one.
“This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To provide background information. B. To state the importance of social rank.
C. To give readers an example of social rank. D. To introduce the topic of the reading passage.
13. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The mPFC neurons. B. The researchers.
C. The brain activity patterns. D. The changes in behaviour.
14. What can we learn from the new study?
A. Brain activities can influence social rank.
B. Dominant opponents boost winning mindset.
C. Social rank and winning mindset affect behaviour.
D. Animals only exhibit their rank in competition.
15. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Winning mindset establishes dominance.
B. Social rank guides competitive behaviour.
C. A subordinate mouse can never been a winner.
D. Awareness of different people around you make your brain use different neurons.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员对大脑中一个叫做内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）的区域如何参与改变支配行为的研究，得出结论：处于“胜利心态”的人更容易成为具有统治力的人，意识到周围不同的人会让你的大脑使用不同的神经元。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister—you might just grab the pizza. Your boss—you probably will give up. But if you’re hungry and feeling particularly confident, you might go for it. ” (如果你在派对上伸手去拿最后一块披萨，同时看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行动可能取决于你的感觉以及那只手属于谁。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披萨。如果是你的老板——你可能会放弃。但是如果你饿了并且感觉特别自信，你可能会去拿披萨。)结合之后文章提出大脑中一个叫做内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）的区域负责代表哺乳动物的社会地位，可知作者写第一段是为了引出一个主要话题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict—a full 30 seconds before the competition started—which mouse would win the food reward. ” (当研究人员再次询问mPFC神经元的活动是否与行为有关时，他们发现了一些令人惊讶的事情。大脑活动模式与行为的轻微变化有关，例如老鼠移动的速度，它们还可以在比赛开始前整整30秒预测哪只老鼠会赢得食物奖励。)可知研究人员发现大脑活动模式与行为密切相关，划线部分的“they”指的是大脑活动模式。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and “winning mindset” are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in “winning mindset”. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and “winning mindset” may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one. ”( mPFC中与社会地位和“获胜心态”相关的区域彼此相邻，高度相关。社会等级的信号会影响“获胜心态”的大脑状态。换句话说，当面对占优势的老鼠时，从属老鼠的信心和“获胜心态”可能会部分下降。)可知社会地位和获胜心态可能会影响心态，从而影响行为。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up. ” (如果你在派对上伸手去拿最后一块披萨，同时看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行动可能取决于你的感觉以及那只手属于谁。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披萨。如果是你的老板——你可能会放弃。)；再根据倒数第一段““This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye. ” (Tye说，这是进一步的证据表明，当我们和别人在一起时，与我们独自一人时相比，我们的大脑状态是不同的。)可知，我们大脑的神经元会随着周围不同的人而发生改变。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are someone who struggles with exam anxiety, know that you aren’t alone.
If you are always successful, you may not learn much. ____16____ Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things. Although nobody likes to fail, scientists have long suspected that people learnt better when they were challenged to learn something just outside of their existing knowledge.
Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful. ____17____ To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd(奇数的) or even(偶数的). They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.
_____18_____ It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level. If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time. _____19_____ If they give really hard examples, you still won’t learn anything new. Only when you are at this “sweet spot” can you get the most information from each particular example.
_____20_____ You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time. If you are taking classes that are too easy, then you aren’t probably getting as much out of a class as someone who’s struggling but managing to keep up.
A. Accept challenges bravely.
B. Then there’s nothing left to learn.
C. The more difficult the task, the better.
D. In this way, you can maximize your learning.
E. But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.
F. Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.
G. The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。科学家们发现，学习新事物秘诀是错误率为15%，这一“最佳点”效应也可以运用于学校教学和测试中。
【16题详解】
空前“If you are always successful, you may not learn much.(如果你总是成功，你可能学不到太多东西)”表明总是成功不能学习很多，空后“Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things.(科学家发现，学习新事物的秘诀是犯错率为15%)”表明犯错能学习新事物；F选项“Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.(一些研究表明，失败并不是一件坏事)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
空前“Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful.(如果任务太过困难，参与者就会在没有学到任何新技能的情况下放弃，但如果任务太过简单，他们也不会学到任何有用的东西)”可知，任务太困难或者太简单都有弊端，后文“To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd or even.(为了找出“最佳点”在哪里，亚利桑那大学的研究人员进行了一系列机器学习实验，在这些实验中，他们教会计算机一些简单的任务，比如选择一个数字是奇数还是偶数)”中提出了“sweet spot”这个概念；E选项“But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.(但这个“最佳点”一直是未知的)”与前文进行转折并引出“sweet spot”，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
空前“They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.(他们发现，当错误率为15%时，计算机学习速度最快)”为实验得出的结果，空后“It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level.(它可以帮助教师将课堂调整到合适的水平)”表明这一实验结果可以运用到课堂教学上；G选项“The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.(科学家们将其命名为“85%规则”)”表明将得出的结果制定了对应的规则，同时引起下文。故选G项。
【19题详解】
空前“If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time.(如果老师举的例子非常简单，你就能百分百答对)”表示如果过于简单，就可以完全正确；B选项“Then there’s nothing left to learn.(那就没什么可学的了)”表示过于简单的例子导致的结果，就是学不到什么，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
空后“You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time.(如果你不是百分百正确，你也不应该感到失望)”及下文可知，空格处首句应表示我们应如何面对挑战；A选项“Accept challenges bravely.(勇敢地接受挑战)”符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Christmas 1961 I was teaching in a small town where my third graders eagerly ______21______ the great day of gifts giving.
Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling. Through it all she remained ______22______, watching from afar, seemingly miles away. I wondered what had happened to this once so ______23______ but now so suddenly withdrawn child. I hoped the festivities would ______24______ her. But nothing did. We made cards and gifts for everyone. As my gift to them, I made each of my students a little bag. Of course, I knew they had each made something for me.
The day of gift-giving finally came. We oohed and aahed over our handiwork as the presents were ______25______. Through it all, she sat quietly watching. I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her ______26______. She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she ______27______. I had not cracked the wall of ______28______ she had built around herself.
After school the children left in little groups. She lingered when I sat down to catch my breath. ______29______, she came to me with outstretched hands, ______30______ a small white box, unwrapped and slightly soiled, as though it had been held many times by ______31______, childish hands. “For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded. I opened it ______32______. There inside, a shiny glass marble hung from a faded golden chain. In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.
She took the chain in both her hands, reached forward, and ______33______ the simple clasp(扣环) at the back of my neck. I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver. I ______34______ it when I whispered, “Oh, Maria, it is so beautiful. She would have loved it.” She stumbled into my arms and we wept together. And for that brief moment I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest gift of all: ______35______.
21. A. looked B. admired C. anticipated D. spent
22. A. curious B. awkward C. bitter D. indifferent
23. A. dull B. cheerful C. moody D. unfriendly
24. A. belong to B. go with C. appeal to D. turn to
25. A. compared B. purchased C. wrapped D. exchanged
26. A. pride B. movement C. smile D. gift
27. A. turned away B. tore down C. dropped out D. gave out
28. A. isolation B. trust C. safety D. hatred
29. A. Frequently B. Unexpectedly C. Apparently D. Consequently
30. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
31. A. unwashed B. disabled C. cold D. clever
32. A. by accident B. on purpose C. with care D. by force
33. A. unlocked B. secured C. removed D. rolled
34. A. pretended B. lied C. managed D. meant
35. A. a golden chain B. joy C. patience D. herself
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在一个小镇里教书时发生的事情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一个小镇里教书，在那里我的三年级的学生们热切地期待着送礼物的大日子。A.looked 看；B. admired 欣赏；C.anticipated 期待；D.spent 花费。根据下文“Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling.(每一天，除了一个女孩，所有的孩子都创造了一些新的奇迹，悬挂在天花板上)”可知，学生们很期待这个日子。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但自始至终,她都是孤零零地远远观望,仿佛是隔了一道几里长的障碍。A.curious 好奇的； B.awkward 尴尬的；C. bitter 怀恨的；苦的；D.indifferent 漠不关心的。根据空格后“watching from afar, seemingly miles away”可知，这个女孩一直保持漠不关心的态度。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我猜想着这个沉默的孩子发生了什么，原来那个快乐的孩子怎么突然变得沉默寡言起来。A. dull 枯燥的；B.cheerful 快乐的；C. moody 喜怒无常的；D.unfriendly 不友好的。根据空格后“but now so suddenly withdrawn child”可知，这个小孩突然变得沉默寡言，所以以前是一个很快乐的孩子。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望节日的活动能吸引她。A. belong to 属于；B.go with 和……一起；C.appeal to 吸引；D.turn to 转向，求助于。根据下文“ I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her 6 ”可知，作者希望这次的活动能吸引她加入。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在交换礼物时，我们为对方亲手做的礼物不停地叫好。A. compared 比较；B.purchased 购买；C. wrapped 包，裹；D.exchanged 交换。根据上文“We made cards and gifts for everyone.(我们为每个人都做了礼物)”以及本段第一句“The day of gift-giving finally came. (送礼物的日子终于到了)”可知，这里指的是大家互相交换礼物。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为她做了一个特殊的袋子 ，红绿相间还有白边，我非常想看到她笑一笑。A. pride 骄傲；B.movement 移动；C.smile 微笑；D.gift 礼物。根据下文“She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she___7___. I had not cracked the wall of ____8__she had built around herself.(她打开包装，动作又慢又小心。我等待着，但是她却转过了身。我还是没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来)”可知，作者希望能改变她，让她融入大家，让她开心起来。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我等待着，但是她却转过了身。A.turned away 转身；B.tore down 拆毁；C. dropped out 辍学；D.gave out 分发，耗尽，根据下文“I had not cracked the wall of 8 she had built around herself.”可知，作者没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，没有等到她的微笑，她反而转过了身。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还是没能穿过她在自己周围树起的高墙，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来。A. isolation 隔离；B.trust 信任；C.safety 安全；D.hatred 仇恨。根据空格后“she had built around herself”可知，这堵墙将她和大家隔离了起来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A. Frequently 频繁地；B.Unexpectedly 出乎意料地；C.Apparently 明显地；D.Consequently 因此。根据上文“After school the children left in little groups. (放学后，学生们三三两两的离开了) ”和“ I sat down to catch my breath.”可知，学生离开了，作者坐下来喘口气，因此推断作者对于接下来的事情是没有一点准备的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A. bearing 携带；B.collecting 收集；C. opening 打开；D.making 制造。根据前文“ she came to me with outstretched hands”可知，她带来一个盒子。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她双手拿着一个白色的盒子向我走来，盒子没有包装，稍微有些脏，好像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。A.unwashed 没有洗的；B.disabled 残疾的；C.cold 冷的；D.clever 聪明的。根据上文“unwrapped and slightly soiled”可知，盒子有点脏，像是被孩子未洗过的小手摸过了好多遍。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很小心地打开它。A.by accident 意外地；B.on purpose 故意地；C. with care 小心地；仔细地；D.by force 靠武力。根据上文““For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded.(“给我的吗？”我微笑着问道。她什么都没说，但是点了点头 )”可知，小女孩送礼物给作者，作者很小心地打开。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她双手拿起这条项链，向前探了探身，在我的脖子后把简易的项链钩扣好。A. unlocked 开锁；B.secured 固定，系紧；C.removed 移除；D.rolled 滚动。根据下文“I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver.(我低下头看着这个礼物，然后抬起头看向她)”可知，她把项链给我带上系好。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很认真地轻声说道：“哦，玛利亚，这链子真漂亮。你妈妈一定会很喜欢它”A.pretended 假装；B.lied 撒谎；C. managed设法完成；D.meant 打算。根据上下文句意可知，作者很认真对待这件事情。I mean it“我是认真的”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那短暂的一刻我成了她妈妈，而她送给我一份最珍贵的礼物：她自己（对我的信任和爱）。A. a golden chain 一条金链子；B.joy 开心；C. patience 耐心；D.herself 她自己。根据上文“In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.(在那一瞬间我明白了——那是她为她妈妈做的，她妈妈三周前过世了，再也不能听到她孩子般的欢乐与悲伤了)”并结合上文可知，小女孩把送给刚刚去世的妈妈的礼物给了作者，对于小女孩来说这是一件非常不同寻常的礼物，代表了对作者的信任和爱，等同于把她自己（对我的信任和爱）给了作者，对作者敞开了心扉，呼应上文内容。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in _____36_____ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures _____37_____ (make) with pencil tips.
With about 80 works ____38____ (feature) landmarks and famous people in Egypt and beyond, _____39_____ 30-year-old artist said he _____40_____ (inspire) four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) into sculptures.
Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(图标), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic _____41_____ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum.
Bilal uses a microscope for an enlarged view, a set of pen cutters or carving detail _____42_____ (knife), and quality pencils ____43____ are mostly made in Germany or China while working. Through his hands, landmarks across the globe, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, appear on the pencil tips. The size of each sculpture is no more _____44_____ 6 mm unless it is a tower. And each takes an average of 10 hours ______45______ (finish).
【答案】36. northern
37. made 38. featuring
39. the 40. was inspired
41. accidentally
42. knives 43. which ## that
44. than 45. to finish
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了自学成才的埃及艺术家Ibrahim Bilal使用铅笔尖雕刻各种标志性迷你雕塑。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。Egypt是名词，需要用形容词修饰名词作定语，构成northern Egypt意为“埃及的北部”。故填northern。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。分析句子可知，displayed为句中的谓语动词，所以这里需要填非谓语动词；又因前文signature mini sculptures和make之间为被动关系，所以这里用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据前文with可知，这里应用非谓语动词；又因with+works+featuring，表示“具有……特征的作品”，这里是指作品自身带的特点，所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这位30岁艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据后文30-year-old artist可知，这里应用定冠词the来特指这位30岁的艺术家。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据后文句意可知，他是深受一位中国艺术家的启发，所以he和inspire之间为被动关系；又因文章描述的是过去的一件事情，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was inspired。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：Bilal喜欢古埃及的图标，举世闻名的罗塞塔石碑是他最早致力于的作品之一，这是一件在他所在的城市偶然发现的古埃及文物，目前保存在大英博物馆。根据后文discovered可知，这里应用副词来修饰动词作状语。故填accidentally。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：Bilal在工作时使用显微镜进行放大，使用一套削笔刀或雕刻细节刀，以及质量上乘的铅笔，这些铅笔大多是德国或中国制造的。knife为可数名词的单数，根据前文的pen cutters，所以这里应填可数名词的复数形式。故填knives。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Bilal在工作时使用显微镜进行放大，使用一套削笔刀或雕刻细节刀，以及质量上乘的铅笔，这些铅笔大多是德国或中国制造的。分析句子可知，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词为pencils，指物，所以用关系代词which或 that，在定语从句中充当主语成分。故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：除塔之外，每个雕塑的尺寸不超过6毫米。根据固定短语no more than意为“不超过”。故填than。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：并且每一个雕塑平均需要10个小时才能完成。根据固定句型sth. takes sb. time to do意为“某事花费某人多少时间去做”。故填to finish。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是学校国学社（Traditional Chinese Culture Club）社长，想邀请外教Kris一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览时间、地点；
2. 展览内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右：
2. 请按如下格式作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Kris,
I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture.
As is known to all, paper-cutting has a long history and still occupies its place in the field of art. Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show. I have seen some of these works online. They’re really fascinating masterpieces, which will absolutely not let you down.
I’m really looking forward to it. If you want to go with me, please let me know soon so that I can book the tickets in advance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生邀请外教Kris一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
给予：offer→give
展出：exhibition→display/show
令人惊叹的：spectacular→amazing/breathtaking
首先：at first→first of all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
拓展句： At first, what I’d like to tell you is that there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandfather was a wise and honorable man. His house was not far from ours, and I would visit him often going home after school.
No matter how rotten I had been, I could tell Grandpa anything. My secrets were safe. Whenever there was a problem, he gave me the tools to fix it. I knew I would always find the best answer from him. He always understood. He loved me.
I remember a time when a bunch of us were playing baseball in the field behind Mrs. Ferguson’s house. I hit one pitch just right and slam! It was a home run that soared high and away, and ended up breaking Old Lady Ferguson’s kitchen window! We all ran! Walking home, my best friend, Tom, asked, “How will she ever know who did it? She’s blinder than a bat!” He had a point.
I was afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me, so I ran. I didn’t know what she would do. I tried to calm down. However, my stomach was in knots. On the way home. I imagined that she was a mean witch (女巫) chasing me, and the further way I ran, the larger she grew... until finally she towered over the whole town, seeing my every move with an evil eye. Thoughts rushed through my mind. Would Mrs. Ferguson stay mad at me? Would she call police? Worse still, would she tell my parents I couldn’t even imagine the disappointment on Mom and Dad’s face. They were hoping I would act honestly and in a responsible way
I decided to stop by Grandpa’s. I felt ashamed. I wanted to hide. I wanted to knock my head against a tree a thousand times and make the world just go away —as if punishing myself could undo things.
“I would tell everything to Grandpa,” a voice inside me said.
“I was wrong.” I told him, with my head down. He must have known something was up by the expression on my face. He knew we had been warned many times about the dangers of playing where we shouldn’t.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Para 1: But he just listened while I continued talking.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2: Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But he just listened while I continued talking. “I was wrong. I hate myself for what I did”, I told him, with my head down. I didn’t know what to do to make things right. I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me. Finally my grandpa said, “What would you do if you were her?” After a while, I replied, “One solution is to tell her that I am sorry and offer to fix her window.”
Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out. “Doing what is right is not always easy,” he said, handing me the phone, “I am proud of you.” He did not make me do it. It was always my choice. As it turned out, Mrs. Ferguson was very kind and we even became really close friends. “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在打碎了Mrs. Ferguson的厨房玻璃后，心理挣扎着要不要向她道歉，随后向自己的祖父需求帮助，祖父给了作者非常诚恳和耐心的指引和建议。
【详解】1.段落续写：
（1）由第一段首句内容“但是，在我继续描述着事情的时候，他只是在听着”可知，该段落可以描写作者在做错事之后的内心挣扎和祖父引导作者做正确的事。
（2）由第二段首句内容“爷爷知道我已经明白了，他笑了。”可知，该段落可以描写在祖父的引导下，作者决定做正确的事。
2.续写线索：向祖父诉说—内心挣扎—祖父的引导—作者决定做正确的事—向Mrs. Ferguson道歉
3.词汇激活
行为类：
继续，保持：continue/keep/maintain
修理：fix/repair
承认：admit/acknowledge
信任：trust/believe in
情绪类：
害怕的：afraid/worried/scared
生气的：mad/angry
友善的：kind/friendly
【点睛】[高分句型1] I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me.（that引起的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”（what引起的宾语从句）
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