湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

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附中2022-2023年高一第一学期期中考试
英语
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking for some club suitable for you in the senior high school？Here are some introductions of popular clubs.
Speech Club
Do you enjoy talking？Do you think you can be a future lawyer？Try out for the school’s speech team. Not only will you meet people and make new friends, you’ll also get to practice public speaking, a valuable, important tool that you will use at every stage of your life. By researching, talking about, and debating hot-button political, social, cultural, and environment topics, you will also become more aware and up-to-date on current events.
Band Club
Are you in a band in junior high？If so, you probably remember always hanging around with your musical buddies（同伴）. If you haven’t joined one of these three high school clubs yet, you should！The beauty of these three classes is that they’re not merely fine arts electives（选修的）, they’re also clubs！Most high school bands give performances, and even go on trips to Disneyland. Not sure？Did I mention that studies show that students with music education tend to receive higher grades？You read it right.
Red Cross Club
If you are interested in the medical field or planning to take a combined M.D. program, perhaps you should consider joining your school’s American Red Cross Club. As part of the high school club working with the local Red Cross chapter, you can become a lifeguard, learn how to perform CPR, or become a trained instructor who teaches others.
Language Clubs
Are you a native Spanish, French, or German speaker？Or maybe you just really like the foreign language class！Either way, you should consider joining your school’s language clubs and lean a new language during your past time. Spanish, French and German clubs put on several charity and cultural events through-out the academic（学术）year. You could be helping others in need, and making new friends all at the same time！
1. Which club suits you best if you dream of becoming a lawyer？
A. Speech Club. B. Band Club.
C. Red Cross Club. D. Language Clubs.
2. What is special about Band Club？
A. It improves students’ grades.
B. It helps students to make friends.
C. It enables students to be lifeguards.
D. It makes students’ speaking ability better.
3. What do Red Cross Club and Language Clubs have in common？
A. They both can give you a trip to Disneyland.
B. They make you a man of many gifts and languages.
C. They enable you to give a hand to people in need.
D. They can help you to be a person with first aid knowledge.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些受高中欢迎俱乐部。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Do you enjoy talking? Do you think you can be a future lawyer? Try out for the school’s speech team.（你喜欢谈话吗？你认为你将来能成为律师吗？参加学校的演讲队吧。）”可知，Speech Club适合想要做律师的学生，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Did I mention that studies show that students with music education tend to receive higher grades? You read it right.（我有没有提到研究表明受过音乐教育的学生往往会获得更高的分数？你没看错。）”可知，音乐教育能够提高学生的分数是Band Club的特别之处，故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As part of the high school club working with the local Red Cross chapter,you can become a lifeguard, learn how to perform CPR，or become a trained instructor who teaches others.（作为与当地红十字会一道工作的高中俱乐部的一部分，你可以成为一名救生员，学习如何进行CPR，或者成为一名训练有素的讲师来教别人。）”和第五段中“You could be helping others in need, and making new friends all at the same time!（你可以帮助有需要的人，同时结交新朋友）”可知，两个倶乐部都让你能帮助需要帮助的人。故选C项。
B
When I was in middle school, I met my English literature teacher, who was new to teaching. She was only 22 but she always did her best to make learning fun. She would give us a personalized mini notebook for every student’s birthday. I had this simple small notebook. She had filled the first couple pages telling me how much she loved having me as a student, how far she knew I would go, and other affirmations. It seemed small but for a 13-year-old child who had a hard home life, it made all the difference.
In my junior year of high school, in one English class, we were discussing a story when one student called Carl made a point. The teacher was dismissive(不以为然的)and said Carl was wrong. The next day, the teacher said he was wrong to dismiss what Carl said so quickly. “Let’s take a look at that again.” After the discussion, it became clear that Carl’s point was indeed unreasonable, but I was impressed the teacher publicly owned his mistake and did what he should.
When I was in grade one, my mother gave me one really awful haircut. On the first day back at school, the kids picked on me horribly, so I ran out and hid. The headmaster found me and took me back. He asked me to wait outside for a minute while he talked to the class. The next day, we had an assembly (展会) with the entire school and he walked up on the stage with his head shaved completely bald and criticized the bad-mannered behavior.
Twenty years later, I ran into him at the local college. I thought he didn’t remember me, but he said my name and the event. The man was and is a hero in my eyes.
4. What does the underlined word “affirmations” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Instructions. B. Suggestions. C. Encouragements. D. Descriptions.
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Carl read a new story to the class before discussion.
B. I was impressed by the teacher’s teaching method.
C. The English teacher made an immediate apology to Carl in class.
D. Carl’s point wasn’t paid much attention by the teacher at first.
6. Which of the following best describes the headmaster?
A. Loyal and brave. B. Patient and organized.
C. Funny and strict. D. Kind and respectable.
7. Where can you probably read this passage?
A. Life column. B. Science fiction. C. Fashion magazine. D. Entertainment newspaper.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解了在作者的求学生涯中，对他产生深远影响的两个人，一位是他的英语文学老师，另一位是校长。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“she loved having me as a student, how far she knew I would go, and other affirmations. It seemed small but for a 13-year-old child who had a hard home life, it made all the difference.”（她填写了前几页，告诉我她是多么喜欢我这个学生，她知道我会走多远，以及其他一些肯定。它看起来很小，但对于一个家庭生活艰难的13岁孩子来说，这一切都不同了。）可知，老师很喜欢他，且老师写的话对作者产生了深远的影响，可以推测老师给了他一些鼓励。C项“Encouragements”（鼓励）符合题意，故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The teacher was dismissive(不以为然的)and said Carl was wrong. The next day, the teacher said he was wrong to dismiss what Carl said so quickly.”（老师不屑一顾地说卡尔错了。第二天，老师说他这么快就驳回卡尔的话是错误的。）可知，D项“Carl’s point wasn’t paid much attention by the teacher at first.”（卡尔的观点起初没有引起老师的注意。）符合原文表述，故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The next day, we had an assembly (展会) with the entire school and he walked up on the stage with his head shaved completely bald and criticized the bad-mannered behavior.”（第二天，我们举行了一次集会在全校，他走上舞台，头发剃光了，批评了这种不礼貌的行为。）可知，作者因为发型被同学嘲笑，校长就剃光头，开会批评学生们不礼貌的行为。可以推测，校长很善良，且令人尊敬。D项“Kind and respectable”（善良和可敬）符合题干，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文要讲解了在作者的求学生涯中，对他产生深远影响的两个人，一位是他的英语文学老师，另一位是校长。所以可推测，本文来自一篇生活专栏。A项“Life column”（生活专栏）最有可能是本文的出处。故选A项。
C
If you’re planning to go on a diet, or if you suffer from serious conditions like diabetes. Knowing exactly what and how much you’re eating is essential. In this day and age, we have calorie and nutrition calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas a famous company’s revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information in just a few seconds.
You’ve probably used caloric calculators before, and you know that they only offer general information. For example, a calculator will tell you the average number of calories in a hamburger. but it can’t tell you exactly how many calories are in the hamburger. The same goes for nutrients like protein or fat. And this is what makes the new CaloRieco so special.
The spokesman for the company said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of whom make up a sizable market. Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high-tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates. All you have to do is put your plate in the box-shaped device and wait between 10 and 20 seconds for it to analyze all the food.
Once it’s done analyzing the various ingredients in your meal, CaloRieco shows the number of calories, as well as the nutritional content on an LED display. According to the company the device is able to recognize the vast majority of foods, except soups and very dark dishes.
CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld device, so you can access it whenever you need.
Unfortunately, you’ll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype(样机) which needs to be improved. It’s expected to be a hit in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.
8. What is the advantage of CaloRieco?
A. It uses light reflection technology
B. It offers general information of food.
C. It is a high-tech device working as a guide.
D. It can present the exact calorie of analyzed food.
9. According to the text, CaloRicco _________.
A. needs a long time to analyze the food.
B. can show the food data on the smartphone directly
C. can count the calories of all foods on your plate.
D. may be well received among dieters and diabetes sufferers
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The smartphone. B. The app C. The data. D. The food.
11. What can we infer about CaloRieco from the last paragraph?
A. It’s perfect. B. It’s promising. C. It’s costly. D. It’s available.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新发明CaloRieco，它能提供、分析食物的准确数据，还可以帮助节食者和糖尿病患者分析食物，从而得到很好的治疗。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“In this day and age, we have calorie and nutrition calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas a famous company’s revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information in just a few seconds.(在这个时代，我们甚至在智能手机上都有卡路里和营养计算器，但它们只是作为指南，而著名公司的革命性新设备CaloRieco实际上分析了你盘子里的食物，并在几秒钟内提供准确的信息)”可知，CaloRieco的优势是能够提供、分析食物的准确数据。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句话“The spokesman for the company said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of whom make up a sizable market. Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high-tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates.(该公司发言人表示，该公司的杰出发明面向减肥者和糖尿病患者，这两个群体都占据了相当大的市场。CaloRieco是一种高科技设备，它使用光反射技术来确定几乎所有食物的营养价值，并提供准确的卡路里估算)”可知，CaloRicco 的目标顾客是减肥者和糖尿病患者，因为它可以为这些人提供食物的准确分析数据。所以这款产品在减肥者和糖尿病患者中可能很受欢迎。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的前半句话“CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld device(CaloRieco还可以通过应用程序连接到您的智能手机，并将有关分析食品的所有数据发送到您的手持设备)”可知，CaloRieco还可以通过应用程序连接到您的智能手机，并把分析出来的数据发送到你的设备中，这样无论你什么时候需要，都能查看数据。所以it在这里指代分析出来的数据。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unfortunately, you’ll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype(样机) which needs to be improved. It’s expected to be a hit in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.(不幸的是，你需要再等一段时间才能拿到自己的CaloRieco，因为展会上展示的设备只是一个需要改进的原型。预计它将在未来几年内大受欢迎，但价格仍然是个谜)”可知，这个产品还需要进一步的改善，但是在未来它会很受欢迎。由此可推知，这个产品还是很有前景的。故选B。
D
Have you ever noticed there is some difference between city trees and forest trees? A new study finds city trees grow faster but die younger than trees in rural forestry.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without carbon dioxide. However, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning of fossil fuels, have been sending extra greenhouse gases in to the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb carbon dioxide, but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb carbon dioxide at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quicky trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. The research has shown about half the weight of a tree is carbon, while most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon dioxide from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more carbon dioxide.
City trees grew faster because they have less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮) in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
12. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The greenhouse gas does harm to the earth.
B. Carbon dioxide plays apart in keeping the earth’s temperature.
C. Carbon dioxide can heat the earth.
D. Only human act iii es make the temperature rise.
13. What information can a tree diameter tell?
A. How a tree is transplanted. B. How long a tree is.
C. How old a tree is. D. How much water a tree contains.
14. How do city trees differ from forest trees of the same type over the lifetime in the research?
A. They could live twice longer than forest trees.
B. They took in less carbon dioxide than forest trees.
C. They could absorb more carbon dioxide than forest trees.
D. They weighted heavier than forest trees.
15. What advantage do city trees have?
A. They have no competition. B. They grow closer together.
C. They get more nutrition like nitrogen. D. They have better access to rainwater.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市里的树与森林中树的不同的几点。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without carbon dioxide. However, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise.（我们都知道，如果没有二氧化碳，地球会变得冰冷或灼热。然而，二氧化碳是一种温室气体，意味着它以热量的形式吸收来自太阳的能量。这使得地面附近的温度上升。）”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍二氧化碳在保持地球温度方面起着重要作用。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To figure out how quicky trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight.（为了弄清楚树木生长得有多快，研究人员在2005年至2014年间追踪了它们的直径(树干的宽度)。一棵树的直径会随着它的成长而增大，就像人的腰围会随着体重的增加而增大一样。）”可知，通过树的直径可以了解树的成长年龄。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more carbon dioxide.（所以在每一种树木的一生中，森林中的树木实际上吸收了更多的二氧化碳。）”可知，城市里的树木吸收的二氧化碳更少。故选B项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮) in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen（街道的树木也受益于更高水平的氮(氮)的雨水。氮有助于植物生长。燃气汽车排放的废气中也含有氮，从而使城市空气中富含氮。）”可知，城市中的树木能收获更多的营养，例如氮。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you are struggling with work, stress or badly images with body confidence, feeling constantly unhappy is an incredible, tiring state of mind. But there are simple ways to introduce a more positive mindset, according to a treatment expert, Richard Nicholls.
____16____
Keeping a personal diary is a great way of helping to gain a better view on things. Research has even shown it has similar benefits to asking professional advice from psychological doctors. But it needs to be done properly. Writing a journal isn’t about losing yourself in self-pity. ____17____
Learn “thought stopping”
Putting a “stop thought” in the middle of negative and positive thoughts will help focus your attention and give you more control over what your mind is doing. Next time you have an negative thought, shout very loudly in your head “STOP” for at least three seconds. ____18____Then replace the negative thought with the exact opposite.
Try mindful meditation.
____19____The key is not to put pressure on yourself and give up if you can’t meditate(冥想) for longer than 5 minutes. Stick with it, even if you are only getting in a few seconds at a time and your mind begins to wander. Persistence means you’ll progress from seconds to minutes with last mind-wandering in between.
Put yourself first.
If you are constantly putting everyone else before yourself, it can lead to low self-respect and deep unhappiness. ____20____, as you start placing value on yourself and put your own needs in the first place. It’s difficult, but the only way you’ll get through it is practise, and you also see nobody hates you for politely but firmly shaking your head.
A. Seek professional advice
B. Write in a diary
C. Learning to say no can fight against this
D. Write about an event that made you feel unhappy that day
E. Imagine something that represents a stop, such as a red light
F. Mindfulness is about learning to relax and be at peace with your thoughts
G. It’s a tool to help you see optional ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了培养积极心态的办法。
【16题详解】
设空句是段首小标题。根据段中“Keeping a personal diary is a great way of helping to gain a better view on things. Research has even shown it has similar benefits to asking professional advice from psychological doctors. But it needs to be done properly. Writing a journal isn’t about losing yourself in self-pity. (写个人日记是帮助你更好地看待事物的好办法。研究甚至表明，它和向心理医生咨询专业建议异曲同工)”可知，本段建议通过写个人日记来帮助自己更好地看待事物。B项“Write in a diary (写日记)”是本段内容的概括。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“Writing a journal isn’t about losing yourself in self-pity. (写日记不是让你在自怜中迷失自我)”提出对写日记不正确的认识，G项“It’s a tool to help you see optional ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.(它是一种帮助你看到可选择的思考、感觉和行为方式的工具)”承接上文，讲应该如何正确看待写日记，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上文“Next time you have an negative thought, shout very loudly in your head ‘STOP’ for at least three seconds.(下次当你有一个消极的想法时，在你的脑海里大声喊“停止”至少三秒钟)”提出即时“停止”消极的想法，E项“Imagine something that represents a stop, such as a red light (想象一个代表停止的东西，比如红灯)”给出具体的建议，句中“something that represents a stop”与上文“STOP”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【19题详解】
小标题“Try mindful meditation.(尝试正念冥想)”提出正念冥想，F项“Mindfulness is about learning to relax and be at peace with your thoughts (正念是关于学习放松和与你的思想和平相处)”解释何为正念，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“If you are constantly putting everyone else before yourself, it can lead to low self-respect and deep unhappiness.(如果你总是把别人看得比自己重要，这可能会导致自卑和深深的不快乐)”提出把别人看得比自己重要会导致自卑和不快乐，所以要“Learning to say no... (学会说不)”可知，下文“as you start placing value on yourself and put your own needs in the first place.(因为你开始重视自己，把自己的需求放在首位)”进一步解释这样做的原因。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my junior time, I was sensitive about what others thought of me. Then I grow uncommonly taller than others, which made me feel ___21___. To keep the focus off my unusual ___22___, I went along with those who would play jokes on other ___23___ at school, which gave me a way to make sure that the ___24___ were directed at others and not at me.
My parents didn’t always assume that my behavior was ___25___. They reminded me about the golden ___26___: To treat others as I would like to be treated. Once in a while, I was punished for the ___27___ way I was treating others.
During the lectures I got from my father, he ___28___ told me to be the leader that I was meant to be--to be a big man in my heart and actions. I had to ___29___ myself whether or not it was important to be the kind of leader and person my father ___30___ I was inside. I knew in my heart that he was ___31___. So I ___32___ no efforts to follow his advice.
Once I ___33___ being the best that I could be at basketball and became a leader in the game, I took my ___34___ to set a good example more seriously. I can make a difference because of my father’s advice. I now ___35___ it with you, “Be a leader, not a follower.”
21. A. awkward B. curious C. attractive D. frightened
22. A. size B. height C. weight D. sight
23. A. youths B. strangers C. adults D. kids
24. A. arguments B. tricks C. questions D. attitudes
25. A. unique B. regular C. funny D. strange
26. A. rule B. view C. direction D. requirement
27. A. admirable B. challenging C. hurtful D. boring
28. A. originally B. casually C. repeatedly D. immediately
29 A. remind B. question C. improve D. prove
30. A. imagined B. doubted C. argued D. believed
31. A. amazing B. professional C. generous D. right
32. A. acquired B. spared C. adopted D. skipped
33. A. focused on B. backed down C. counted on D. contributed to
34. A. risk B. judgement C. responsibility D. performance
35. A. compare B. appreciate C. explain D. share
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是作者在以前个子不寻常地比其他孩子高，为了尴尬，作者和一些爱捉弄人的其他孩子一起玩儿，作者的爸爸教作者“己所不欲，勿施于人”的道理，作者听了爸爸的建议。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我比别人不寻常地高，这让我觉得很尴尬。A. awkward尴尬的；B. curious好奇的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“I grow uncommonly taller than others”可知，作者异常地高于别人，这让作者尴尬。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不让别人注意到我不寻常的身高，我和学校里那些会捉弄其他孩子的人走在一起，这让我有了一种方法，可以确保这些恶作剧是针对别人的，而不是针对我自己。A. size大小；B. height高度；C. weight重量；D. sight。根据上文“I grow uncommonly taller than others”可知，此处指“不寻常的身高”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不让别人注意到我不寻常的身高，我和学校里那些会捉弄其他孩子的人走在一起，这让我有了一种方法，可以确保这些恶作剧是针对别人的，而不是针对我自己。A. youths年轻人；B. strangers陌生人；C. adults成年人；D. kids小孩。根据下文“at school”可知，作者是和学校里那些会捉弄其他孩子的人走在一起。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不让别人注意到我不寻常身高，我和学校里那些会捉弄其他孩子的人走在一起，这让我有了一种方法，可以确保这些恶作剧是针对别人的，而不是针对我自己。A. arguments争论；B. tricks恶作剧；C. questions问题；D. attitudes态度。根据上文“play jokes on other __3__at school”可知，此处表示“确保这些恶作剧是针对别人的，而不是针对我自己”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母并不总是认为我的行为很有趣。A. unique独一无二的；B. regular有规律的；C. funny有趣的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“I was punished”可知，作者父母并不总是认为作者的行为很有趣。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们提醒了我一条黄金法则：己所不欲，勿施于人。A. rule规则；B. view看法；C. direction方向；D. requirement要求。根据下文“To treat others as I would like to be treated”可知，这是作者父母给他提醒的一条黄金法则。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我也会因为对待别人的伤人的方式而受到惩罚。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. hurtful伤人的；D. boring无聊的。根据下文“I was treating others”和上文“play jokes on other __3__at school”可知，作者也会因为对待别人的伤人的方式而受到惩罚。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在父亲给我上课的时候，他反复告诉我要成为我命中注定要成为的领袖——做一个内心和行动上的大人物。A. originally起初，原来；B. casually随意地；C. repeatedly反复地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“told me to be the leader that I was meant to be”可知，他反复告诉我要成为我命中注定要成为的领袖。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不问自己，成为父亲认为我内在的那种领导者和人是否重要。A. remind提醒；B. question质疑；C. improve提高；D. prove证明。根据下文“whether or not it was important to be the kind of leader”可知，作者问自己成为父亲认为作者内在的那种领导者和人是否重要，因此空格处是“质疑”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不问自己，成为父亲认为我内在的那种领导者和人是否重要。A. imagined想象；B. doubted怀疑；C. argued争论；D. believed认为。根据上文“the kind of leader and person my father”可知，此处表示“成为父亲认为我内在的那种领导者和人”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心里知道他是对的。A. amazing令人惊讶的；B. professional专业的；C. generous慷慨的；D. right对的。根据下文“follow his advice”可知，作者认为父亲是对的。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我不遗余力地听从他的建议。A. acquired得到；B. spared抽出；C. adopted采用；D. skipped跳过。根据上文“he was___11__”可知，作者觉得父亲是对的，因此会不遗余力地听从他的建议，spare no efforts to do是固定短语，意为“不遗余力地做某事”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦我专注于在篮球场上尽我所能做到最好，成为比赛中的领导者，我就会更认真地承担起树立好榜样的责任。A. focused on专注于；B. backed down放弃；C. counted on依靠；D.； contributed to有助于。根据下文“being the best that I could be at basketball and became a leader in the game”可知，句子表示“一旦我专注于在篮球场上尽我所能做到最好，成为比赛中的领导者，我就会更认真地承担起树立好榜样的责任”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦我专注于在篮球场上尽我所能做到最好，成为比赛中的领导者，我就会更认真地承担起树立好榜样的责任。A. risk风险；B. judgement判断；C. responsibility责任；D. performance表演。根据上文“became a leader in the game”可知，作者成为比赛中的领导者后就会承担起树立好榜样的责任。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在和你们分享。A. compare比较；B. appreciate理解；C. explain解释；D. share分享。根据下文“it with you”可知，此处表示“我现在和你们分享”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个或括号内单词的适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent survey has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. One the reasons ______36______ people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work. In the short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble ______37______(concentrate). Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers. They are still growing, and night is the time when their bodies grow ______38______(fast). Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down, and their health suffers.
【答案】36. why
37. concentrating
38. faster
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在越来越多的人有睡眠问题，解释了其原因以及对于青少年的危害。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人们无法获得良好睡眠的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reasons，先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。故填why。
【37题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在短期内，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲倦，难以集中注意力。have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填concentrating。

【38题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：它们仍在生长，夜晚是它们身体生长更快的时候。根据句意可知，夜晚是身体长得更快的时候，所以空处需要副词的比较级。故填faster。
B
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个或括号内单词的适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
A real friend is someone who, walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone ______39______ support we can count on. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us ______40______(connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. We may be able to make many friends online, ______41______ these friendships can be quite shallow. ______42______(make) friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.
【答案】39. whose
40. connected
41. but 42. To make
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是真正的朋友以及如何保持友谊。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。空格处引导的是定语从句，someone和support之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而如今，让我们保持联系的现代工具正在蚕食友谊的意义。us和connect之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填connected。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们可以在网上交很多朋友，但这些友谊可能相当浅薄。根据语境可知，前后之间是转折关系，因此空格处用表转折的but，故填but。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了让朋友真正成为我们生活的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机和他们见面。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To make。
C
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个或括号内单词适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful. Teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. Health experts are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. They have also warned them ______43______using such extreme methods. An expert pointed out that ______44______ is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. She added “What’s more, they should keep regular hours and keep plenty of exercise to stay ______45______(energy) and fit.”
【答案】43. against
44. it 45. energetic
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在一个瘦通常被视为美丽社会。青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。健康专家正在加大力度教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们还警告他们不要使用这种极端的方法。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语warn sb against doing sth“警告某人不要做某事”，满足句意要求。故填against。
【44题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：一位专家指出，拥有健康均衡的饮食是很重要的，因为青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型it is adj to do sth“做某事是……的”，满足句意要求。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她补充说：“更重要的是，他们应该保持规律的作息时间，保持充足的锻炼来保持精力充沛和健康。”根据空前的stay为系动词以及空后的fit为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词形式，构成系表结构，满足句意要求。故填energetic。
第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 上个月，高一年级举行了英语背诵比赛(English recitation competition)。请你为学校广播站英语节目写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last month, the Students’ Union of our school organized an English recitation competition at the lecture hall to encourage us students to appreciate traditional English culture.
Representatives of each class actively participated in the competition. They were required to prepare an English classic to recite within 5 minutes. Many classical works were recited, among which poems were the most popular choice. Both pronunciation and performance were evaluated. The top 10 competitors were awarded at the end of the competition.
The competition offered a wonderful opportunity for students to have a better understanding of English classics, evoking our love for English culture.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为学校广播站英语节目写一篇报道，报道上个月高一年级举行的英语背诵比赛(English recitation competition)。
【详解】1.词汇积累
鼓舞：encourage→ inspire
代表：representative→ delegate
评估：evaluate→ assess
给某人一个机会：offer an opportunity for sb→ give a chance to sb
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Representatives of each class actively participated in the competition. They were required to prepare an English classic to recite within 5 minutes.
拓展句：Representatives of each class actively participated in the competition, who were required to prepare an English classic to recite within 5 minutes.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Many classical works were recited, among which poems were the most popular choice. (运用了介词+which引导非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The competition offered a wonderful opportunity for students to have a better understanding of English classics, evoking our love for English culture.(运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She was kind and caring, and always made people comfortable in her presence. For years she was a volunteer in our community. I love going to the local nursing home to help with her when I was a child. However, once I became a teenager, I was too caught up in my adolescent world to worry about helping others.
One particular summer day when I was 12, Mom came into my room and told me to get up and meet her at the car. But I had planned to spend the day at the lake with friends. Why did she have to ruin everything? At last, I made my way outside with my mother. Angry and annoyed, I climbed into the car and shoot the door loudly. I sat in silence, too upset to talk. “Tasha, do you know where we are going?” Mom asked calmly. I remained silent. “Sweetheart, we’re going to the children’s shelter. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you,” she explained.
I feel a pain slowly form in my stomach. How was I supposed to help there?
When we reached the shelter, I was rather surprised. As we approached the front door, wind bells played a calming tune while trees and flowers welcomed us. Maybe this wasn’t going to be so.
Mom rang the doorbell. We were led to the front room, where all of the children were playing. Toys were spread out across the floor. I noticed a baby whose body was seriously wounded. Most of the children had noticeable physical scars such as cuts, burns and scratches. What a terrible life they must had had before they moved here! My heart sank. As I was looking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I returned to the shelter with mum several times.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I looked down to see a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. Her angelic face lighted, although there were some scars on her little arms. “Hi. I’m Ashley. Do you want to play dolls with me?” she asked. I looked over and saw Mom nodding to me with a smile. I bent toward Ashley and whispered, “Sure. I’d love to.” Her tiny hand reached up and took mine, and we walked toward the doll house. Our time together brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day.
I returned to the sheer with Mom several times. During those visits, some of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great detail. I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the friendship between us. I would like to do everything in my power to help the children there. At the same time, I learned to be grateful for all that I had. It was a meaningful time in my young life that I will never forget. It was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者在青少年时期和妈妈一起去儿童收容所，在那里作者看到了许多曾经遭受苦难的孩子，和他们交朋友，聆听他们的过往，并尽所能地帮助他们。通过这段经历，作者学会了帮助有需要的人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我低头一看，发现一个棕色眼睛的小女孩正抬头看着我。”可知，第一段可描写作者和小女孩一起玩耍，度过了快乐的时光。
②由第二段首句内容“我和妈妈几次再去收容所。”可知，第二段可描写作者又多次陪伴并帮助收容所的孩子们，得到了宝贵的经历。
2.续写线索：打招呼——玩耍——了解——同情——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.低语：whisper/murmur
②.抬手：reach up/raise up
③.发生：happen to/occur to
情绪类
①.感谢：show one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
②.快乐：joy/happiness
【点睛】[高分句型1] I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the friendship between us. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer. (运用了it强调句句式)