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高中Unit 5 Learning from nature优秀课件ppt
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这是一份高中Unit 5 Learning from nature优秀课件ppt，共38页。
Review：nn-finite frms as subject，bject and predicativeLk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.
a Tday，architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms，... b appears t flat abve the waterfrnt prmenade and the water that surrunds it.……c Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms. d Creating buildings such as these enables us t live in clser harmny with ur envirnment.
1 Lk at the “t d” structures in sentences（a）and（b）. D they serve the same functin in each sentence?2 In sentence（c），is the -ed frm used as an adjective r a past participle? Why des the authr use the -ed frm ther than the -ing frm?3 What is the functin f the -ing frm in sentence（d）?
N，they dn’t. “T explre” in sentence（a）serves as bject and “t flat” in sentence（b） serves as predicative.
Nw lk fr mre sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
The -ed frm is used as an adjective. The authr wants t describe the visitrs’ feeling，s the -ed frm is used.
The -ing frm is used as subject.
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frm f the verbs in brackets.
1 （draw）inspiratin frm nature is a traditin that ges back centuries. Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. The main principle f its design is 2 （recreate）natural landscapes in Miniature . First established in the Ming Dynasty，the riginal garden cntained a Rckery t symblise Tiantai Muntain. Pine and bamb grves were added later，alng with a pnd and an island. Visitrs wuld be 3 （astnish）t find the garden mdeled clsely n natural features . Visitrs are als suppsed 4 （explre）it scene-by-scene. This culd vary frm a view f a pnd and the splashing f fish，t a tree in blssm，a pagda r a mn-shaped gate.
t recreate/recreating
Read the infrmatin belw and write a paragraph intrducing the 24 Slar Terms with the wrds in the bx. Use the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
Origin ·created by farmers in Ancient China ·based n Chinese lunar calendar ·determined by the changes in the psitin f the sun Significance ·changes in weather mean a lt t farmers ·determine the best time t sw and harvest ·wisdm learnt frm nature First term ·Beginning f Spring ·days becme lnger and the temperature increases Cultural heritage·added t UNESCO’s List f Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Learning frm nature’s wisdm led farmers in Ancient China t create the 24 Slar Terms…
Learning frm nature’s wisdm led farmers in Ancient China t create the 24 Slar Terms，which were based n bservatin f changes f seasns，astrnmy and ther natural phenmena. Indicating changes in weather cnditins，the 24 Slar Terms remain f particular imprtance t farmers fr guiding their practices. The first term is knwn as “ Beginning f Spring”，and marks when days becme lnger and the temperature begins t increase. Nwadays, the 24 Slar Terms nt nly apply t farming，but als guide Chinese peple in everyday life. S varied are the functins f the Slar Termsand their cntributins t cultural identity，that in 2016，they were added t UNESCO’s List f Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut ne f the Slar Terms using the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
单元语法非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1 非谓语动词作主语（1）动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语，即动词不定式移到句子的后面。T see is t believe. 眼见为实。T talk with yu is a great pleasure. =It is a great pleasure t talk with yu. 和你交谈是一种很大的乐趣。【学法点拨】在“It is+ adj. + fr/f sb. t d sth.”结构中：若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用f，此时形容词常为kind，nice，plite，rude，flish，generus 等；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用fr，此时形容词常为difficult，imprtant，necessary，pssible 等。It is generus f him t cntribute s much.他捐献了这么多，真是太慷慨了。It is imprtant fr us t live a lw-carbn life.过低碳生活对我们来说很重要。
（2）动名词作主语动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作。下列句型中常用动名词作主语：（1） It is a waste f time/n use/n gd ding sth.（2） There is n sense/n pint（in）ding sth.It is n gd cming befre that. 在那之前来没有用。There is n sense（in）wrrying abut it nw.现在大可不必为这件事忧虑。
单句语法填空（1）It is right______________（give） up smking.（2）It is nt necessary______________（bargain） n this small amunt.（3）It is impssible_____________ （knw） every specific prblem that we will cme acrss.（4）It was als ppular______________（decrate）bridges with sculpted stne lins fr the same reasn.（5）____________（suffer） frm cancer made him painful and in lw spirits.（6）____________（say） is ne thing，and ding is anther.（7）［2018·北京卷］____________（travel） alng the ld Silk Rad is an interesting and rewarding experience.（8）It’s n gd______________ （cmplain）—they never listen.（9）It is a waste f time______________ （discuss）such matters with her.
discussing
2 非谓语动词作宾语（1）动词不定式作宾语（1）常跟不定式作宾语的动词：决心学会想希望（decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hpe/wish）拒绝设法愿假装（refuse，manage，care，pretend）主动答应选计划（ffer，prmise，chse，plan）同意请求帮一帮（agree，ask/beg，help）（2）动词tell，shw，understand，knw，explain，teach，learn，advise 等常接“疑问词+ 不定式”作宾语。Please tell me when t start the prject.请告诉我何时开始这个项目。（3）不定式作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往用it 作形式宾语，而把不定式放在宾补之后。常用句型：主语+find/feel/think/believe/cnsider/make + it + adj. /n. +t d sth.We think it ur duty t prtect the envirnment.我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
（2）动名词作宾语（1）常跟动名词作宾语的动词（短语）：考虑建议盼原谅（cnsider，suggest/advise，lk frward t，excuse/pardn）承认推迟没得想（admit，delay/put ff，fancy）避免错过继续练（avid，miss，keep/keep n，practice）否认完成就欣赏（deny，finish，enjy/appreciate）禁止想象才冒险（frbid，imagine，risk）不禁介意准逃亡（can’t help，mind，allw/permit，escape）（2）由“动词+ 介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，常见的有be/get used t（习惯于），feel like（想要），insist n/stick t（坚持），get dwn t（开始认真做……），（致力于……），bject t（反对），give up（放弃）等。It’s time I gt dwn t thinking abut that essay.我该认真思考一下那篇文章了。
（3）下列动词（短语）既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。mean t d sth. 打算做某事mean ding sth. 意味着做某事stp t d sth. 停下来去做某事stp ding sth. 停止做某事frget t d sth. 忘记去做某事frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事remember t d sth. 记住去做某事remember ding sth. 记得做过某事regret t d sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾regret ding sth. 对做过的事感到后悔try t d sth. 努力去做某事try ding sth. 尝试做某事g n t d sth. 继续做另一件事g n ding sth. 继续做原来做的事
单句语法填空（1）I dn’t knw hw they managed____________（bring） up fur children.（2）Yu can imagine hw excited I was when I saw the bike，and I begged my uncle t teach me hw___________（ride） it right away.（3）Wherever he is，he made it a rule_____________（take） part in physical labur.（4）There is n dubt that the event will attract mre visitrs t enjy_____________（visit）this wnderful city.（5）I believe sme f yu nce dreamed f ____________（becme） famus.（6）Instead f trying_____________（make） up fr lst time，as many might d，he resigned n the spt.
（7）I avided______________ （mentin） the subject in case he shuld be ffended.（8）It’s quite ht tday. D yu feel like___________（g） fr a swim?（9）Yu culd easily pay with yur smartphne by______________（scan） the seller’s QR cde.（10）I find it very interesting_____________（study）English.（11）I regret___________（tell）yu that yu can’t be my assistant fr yur brken English.（12）These new rders fr ur prducts will mean_____________（wrk）vertime.（13）Please remember____________（give） me a phne call when yu get there.（14）Adam frgt_____________________（make） an appintment with me yesterday. I waited him the whle afternn.（15）We really can’t g n____________ （live）like this—we’ll have t find a bigger huse.
making/having made
3 非谓语动词作表语（1）动词不定式或动名词作表语动词不定式作表语表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作，而动名词作表语表示通常的情况。My dream is t enter Peking University.我的梦想是考入北京大学。My jb is teaching yu English.我的工作是教你们英语。（2）分词作表语表示事物的特征或性质时，表语用现在分词；表示人的内心感受时，表语用过去分词。Please describe a dg that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dg that is frightened. 请描述一只受惊的狗。
单句语法填空（1）She lked_______________（disappint） at the bad news.（2）T d that wuld be____________（cut） the ft t fit the she.（3）The children are just beginning t get___________（excite） abut using wrds and frming sentences.（4）It is very______________ （satisfy） t knw that the prject was a success.（5）Because each year’s picture was decided n during the winter，the drawings became ___________（knw） as winter cunts.
disappinted
Inspiratin frm animals
Read the passage abut bimimicry and answer the questins. Pay attentin t the wrds and expressins in bld.
One is cpying frm and shape. Anther ne is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals.Many majr inventins are derived frm the types f bimimicry.
When slving a design prblem，yu can smetimes lk t nature fr a slutin. One f the early examples is the study f birds t enable human flight. The Wright brthers，wh succeeded in creating and flying the first aerplane in 1903，gt their inspiratin frm bserving pigens in flight. This apprach，called bimimicry，studies and imitates nature’s designs and prcesses t seek slutins t human prblems. There are many types f bimimicry，amng which the mst cmmn ne is cpying frm and shape. By imitating the beak f a bird，fr example，bullet trains can be made t run much faster and mre quietly. Anther type f bimimicry is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals. Inspired by dlphins，peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater，which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems.
1 What are the types f bimimicry mentined in the passage? What else d yu knw abut them? 2 What ther examples f bimimicry can yu think f ? Share them with the class.
Wind turbines mdeling n Humpback whales；Antimicrbial films mimicking sharkskin；Absrbing shck like a wdpecker
Cmplete the infrmatin with the wrds and expressins in Activity 5.
Bats use sund t “see”. But hw d they avid crashing int each ther? The answer lies in their use f echlcatin t identify the psitin f bjects. Scientists are 1__________ _______________bats t imprve radar systems.
As a land species，hw can we imprve ur perfrmance in water? 2__________the shape f the Scales n a shark’s skin，we have created swimsuits that allw swimmers t swim much faster.
By 3____________ Dragnflies in flight，peple have realised there are better ways f flying. Nw we are 4_______________ dragnflies with ur designs fr small drnes.
Spider silk is much strnger than the same weight f steel. This means that it culd be used in lts f prducts，such as bullet-prf clthing. But we are still 5____________________ ne prblem—hw t get spiders t prduce enugh silk!
inspiratin frm
inspired by
seeking slutins t
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut in what ther ways we can learn frm animals.Give examples.
Read the passage and answer the questins.
One f the utstanding features f traditinal Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal mvements. This came abut because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts，senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild. The first set f animal-imitating exercises came int being abut 2，000 years ag. It was called Wu Qin Xi，r Five-animal Exercises，created by Hua Tu（ca 145-208）. As a physician during the Han Dynasty，Hua Tu is ften credited with being the first in China t use anesthesia during surgery. He was knwn as the best physician f his time，and was an expert in acupuncture.
1 Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal mvements? 2 What were Hua Tu’s achievements?
Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts，senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild.
Hua Tu created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician t use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was knwn as the best physician f his time and he was an expert in acupuncture.
Listen t the cnversatin abut Wu Qin Xi and tick the tpics mentined by the speakers.
□ The creatr f Wu Qin Xi □ Wh can practise the exercises □ Why these animals were chsen □ Physical benefits □ Mental benefits □ Hw t teach the exercises
Jim： I saw yu in the park this mrning ding sme srt f slw mvements. What was that all abut? Is it a new type f dance?Wei： New? Nt at all! It’s a frm f physical exercise created by Hua Tu，almst 2，000 years ag.Jim： ’s it called?Wei： Wu Qin Xi. It means “Five-animal Exercises”.Jim： Five animals? Which nes are they?Wei： Well，they’re the tiger，deer，bear，mnkey and crane. Each animal is identified with a frm f exercise.Jim： What are the physical benefits f Wu Qin Xi?Wei： By ding these exercises，yu learn frm these animals and help yur rgans t wrk better. Fr example，the tiger exercise des gd t the liver.Jim： Really? And what d peple gain frm the bear exercise?Wei： It helps peple t have gd digestin. Jim： Hw des it help peple t have gd digestin? Wei： Well，it begins with rubbing yur bdy，just as a bear des，t warm yur stmach. Jim： Ah! What abut the ther three exercises?
Wei： Well，the mnkey exercise helps the heart t wrk well；the deer exercise is gd fr the kidney；and the crane exercise is gd fr the lung. Jim： Ww，that’s interesting! Anything else? Wei： Sme peple believe that Wu Qin Xi helps yu t live t an advanced age. There are stries f Wu Qin Xi masters living t mre than 90 years f age，and still having gd eyesight，hearing and strng teeth. Jim： That’s very impressive. Wei： Yes，Wu Qin Xi has mental benefits，t. It can help t relax yur mind and imprve cncentratin. Jim： Sunds great! Can yu teach me hw t d Wu Qin Xi? Wei： Sure. Yu can jin me every mrning. Jim： Oh，n. I dn’t think I can get up s early every day. I’m always t tired. Wei： Sunds like yu d need sme Wu Qin Xi exercises!
Listen again and cmplete the intrductin t Wu Qin Xi.
Wu Qin Xi was created by Hua Tu almst 2，000 years ag. It means “Five-animal Exercises”，and each animal is 1 . By ding these exercises，peple learn frm these animals and help 2_____________________________. Fr example，the tiger exercise 3 the liver. The bear exercise helps peple with gd digestin. The mnkey exercise helps 4 ；the ______________is gd fr the kidney；and the crane exercise is 6 . Sme peple believe Wu Qin Xi helps them 7 . Sme f the Wu Qin Xi masters lived t 8 ，and still had gd eyesight，hearing and strng teeth. Wu Qin Xi has 9 ，t. It can help 10______ ___________________________________.
identified with a frm f exercise
the/their rgans t wrk better
the heart t wrk well
deer exercise
gd fr the lung
t live t an advanced age
mre than 90 years f age
mental benefits
the mind and imprve cncentratin
Cmplete the bxes with the expressins frm the cnversatin.·By...，yu learn... ·That’s interesting! ·Really? ·That’s very impressive. ·It helps peple t... ·Sunds great! ·... is gd fr...
Talking abut benefits Shwing interest
By...，yu helps peple gd fr...
Really?That’s interesting!That’s very impressive.Sunds great!
Wrk in pairs. Think abut ther exercises inspired by animals. Discusshw they were created and their benefits，using the wrds and expressinsin this sectin.
Nw think abut yur perfrmance. Hw well can yu use the language yu have learnt t talk abut traditinal Chinese exercises?
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.54 This apprach，called bimimicry，studies and imitates nature’s designs and prcesses t seek slutins t human prblems. 这种方法被称为仿生学，研究和模仿大自然的设计和过程，以寻求解决人类问题的方法。1 seek slutins t 寻求……的解决方法（t 是介词）The cmpany is still seeking slutins t its current prblems.公司仍在寻求解决目前问题的办法。【归纳拓展】the slutin t...……的解决办法（t 是介词）lk fr a slutin 寻找解决办法find/cme up with a slutin 找到/ 想出解决办法prvide/ffer a slutin 提供解决办法We haven’t fund the slutin yet，but I’m sure we’re n the right track. 我们还没有找到解决办法，但我肯定我们的思路是对的。
单句语法填空（1）I have tried very hard t find a slutin__________ the prblem，but in vain.（2）They have begun t lk seriusly int the reasns and seek______________ （slve） tthe prblem.（3）Increasing emplyment is ne f the slutins t______________（reduce）crimes.完成句子（4）All yu had t d was think a little harder and____________________________（想出一个新的解决办法）.
cme up with a new slutin
教材原句p.54 Anther type f bimimicry is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals. 另一种仿生学是从动物的能力中获得灵感。2 take inspiratin frm从……中获取灵感The artist tk inspiratin frm African art.这位艺术家从非洲艺术中获得灵感。【归纳拓展】draw/get inspiratin frm 从……中得到灵感prvide inspiratin fr 为……提供灵感lk fr/seek inspiratin 寻找灵感need/lack inspiratin 需要/ 缺乏灵感Many pets and artists have drawn their inspiratin frm nature.许多诗人和艺术家都从大自然中得到灵感。
单句语法填空（1）Scientists take inspiratin____________ nature t make their breakthrugh.（2） He drew much______________（inspire） frm art prduced by children and by primitivecultures.完成句子（3）The sea has ________________________（为……提供灵感）many f his paintings.（4）I cannt finish the wrk tday because I_____________________（缺乏灵感）.
inspiratin
prvided inspiratin fr
lack inspiratin
教材原句p.54 have learnt hw t send signals underwater，which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems. ……人们学会了如何在水下发送信号，这种方法目前被用于海啸预警系统。3 emply v. 使用，运用；雇用；花时间做，忙于做搭配:emply sb. as sth. 雇用某人当……emply sb. t d sth. 雇用某人做某事be emplyed in （ding） sth. 忙于（做）某事Different artists emply different painting techniques.不同的画家运用不同的绘画技巧。Fr the past three years he has been emplyed as a firefighter.三年来他一直受雇当消防员。The children were emplyed in painting. 孩子们忙于画画。【单词积累】emplyer n. 雇主 emplyee n. 雇员emplyment n. 就业；工作；使用
单句语法填空（1）The reprt examines teaching methds_____________（emply） in the classrm.（2）Can’t we emply smene___________ an assistant t help with all this paperwrk?（3）A number f peple have been emplyed______________（deal） with the wrk.（4）The new factry will prvide______________（emply） fr abut a hundred lcal peple.完成句子（5）She______________________________（忙于列一个清单）f all the jbs t be dne.
is emplyed in making a list
教材原句p.55 The first set f animal-imitating exercises came int being abut 2，000 years ag. 最早的一套模仿动物的练习大约出现在2 000 年前。4 cme int being（= cme int existence）诞生；出现；存在We dn’t knw hw life first came int being.我们不知道生命最初是如何诞生的。N ne knws fr certain when such a custm came int being.没有人确切地知道这种风俗是什么时候形成的。【误区警示】cme int being 无被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。【归纳拓展】cme int effect 生效，开始实施 cme int view 进入视野cme int fashin 开始流行 cme int use 开始使用
完成句子（1）Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe_________________________（诞生）.（2）The clud lifted，and the tps f the muntains suddenly________________（进入视野）.（3）The church wedding ceremny has ___________________（流行起来）there.（4）It is said that the new regulatin will nt ___________________（开始实施）until the end f net mnth.
came int being/existence
came int view
cme int fashin
cme int effect
教材原句p.55 Tu is ften credited with being the first in China t use anesthesia during surgery. ……华佗通常被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人。5 be credited with 被认为……；认为……是……的功劳He is credited with riginating a new printing prcess.人们认为他发明了一种新的印刷方法。The cmpany is credited with inventing the industrial rbt.发明工业机器人是那家公司的功劳。【归纳拓展】be credited t sb. /sth. 归功于某人/ 某事；某人/ 某事是……发生的原因The inventin f the industrial rbt is credited t the cmpany.工业机器人的发明应归功于那家公司。
完成句子（1）他被认为是发明第一架真正的直升机的人。He __________________ inventing the first true helicpter.（2）公司的成功归功于她。She_____________________ making the business a success.（3）Much f Manchester United’s success can ________________（归功于）their manager.
is credited with
is credited with
be credited t
重点句式教材原句p.53 Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. 没有什么地方比美丽的苏州留园更能说明这一点。【 句法分析】本句使用了“否定词 + 比较级”结构，否定词 nwhere与比较级 better 连用，表示最高级含义。“否定词 + 比较级”表示最高级含义（1）基本结构：否定词 + 形容词或副词的比较级（+ than）（2）常用的否定词：n，nt，never，nthing，nbdy，nwhere，hardly 等（3）意义：再没有更……的了，再……不过了Nthing is mre precius than health. 健康是最宝贵的。I have never seen a mre energetic man.我从未见过比他精力更充沛的人。I culdn’t agree mre. 我完全同意 / 再同意不过了。【归纳拓展】比较级形式表示最高级含义的其他结构：any ther + 单数名词any f the ther + 复数名词比较级+ than + any f the thersall the ther + 复数名词all the thersanyne/anything else
单句语法填空（1）N ne culd be__________________（generus）；he has a heart f gld.（2）Mr. Stevensn is great t wrk fr—I really culdn’t ask fr a___________（gd）bss.（3）Nthing is________________（pleasant）than staying hme listening t music.（4）The weather culdn’t be__________（bad），s we will nt g ut.（5）I suddenly realised nbdy was____________（happy） than I was.一句多译中国的人口比世界上任何一个国家的人口都多。（6）The ppulatin f China is larger than that f____________ cuntry in the wrld.（7）The ppulatin f China is larger than that f ________________________________ cuntries in the wrld.
mre generus
mre pleasant
any f the ther/ all the ther
Review：nn-finite frms as subject，bject and predicativeLk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.
a Tday，architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms，... b appears t flat abve the waterfrnt prmenade and the water that surrunds it.……c Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms. d Creating buildings such as these enables us t live in clser harmny with ur envirnment.
1 Lk at the “t d” structures in sentences（a）and（b）. D they serve the same functin in each sentence?2 In sentence（c），is the -ed frm used as an adjective r a past participle? Why des the authr use the -ed frm ther than the -ing frm?3 What is the functin f the -ing frm in sentence（d）?
N，they dn’t. “T explre” in sentence（a）serves as bject and “t flat” in sentence（b） serves as predicative.
Nw lk fr mre sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
The -ed frm is used as an adjective. The authr wants t describe the visitrs’ feeling，s the -ed frm is used.
The -ing frm is used as subject.
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frm f the verbs in brackets.
1 （draw）inspiratin frm nature is a traditin that ges back centuries. Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. The main principle f its design is 2 （recreate）natural landscapes in Miniature . First established in the Ming Dynasty，the riginal garden cntained a Rckery t symblise Tiantai Muntain. Pine and bamb grves were added later，alng with a pnd and an island. Visitrs wuld be 3 （astnish）t find the garden mdeled clsely n natural features . Visitrs are als suppsed 4 （explre）it scene-by-scene. This culd vary frm a view f a pnd and the splashing f fish，t a tree in blssm，a pagda r a mn-shaped gate.
t recreate/recreating
Read the infrmatin belw and write a paragraph intrducing the 24 Slar Terms with the wrds in the bx. Use the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
Origin ·created by farmers in Ancient China ·based n Chinese lunar calendar ·determined by the changes in the psitin f the sun Significance ·changes in weather mean a lt t farmers ·determine the best time t sw and harvest ·wisdm learnt frm nature First term ·Beginning f Spring ·days becme lnger and the temperature increases Cultural heritage·added t UNESCO’s List f Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Learning frm nature’s wisdm led farmers in Ancient China t create the 24 Slar Terms…
Learning frm nature’s wisdm led farmers in Ancient China t create the 24 Slar Terms，which were based n bservatin f changes f seasns，astrnmy and ther natural phenmena. Indicating changes in weather cnditins，the 24 Slar Terms remain f particular imprtance t farmers fr guiding their practices. The first term is knwn as “ Beginning f Spring”，and marks when days becme lnger and the temperature begins t increase. Nwadays, the 24 Slar Terms nt nly apply t farming，but als guide Chinese peple in everyday life. S varied are the functins f the Slar Termsand their cntributins t cultural identity，that in 2016，they were added t UNESCO’s List f Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut ne f the Slar Terms using the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
单元语法非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1 非谓语动词作主语（1）动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语，即动词不定式移到句子的后面。T see is t believe. 眼见为实。T talk with yu is a great pleasure. =It is a great pleasure t talk with yu. 和你交谈是一种很大的乐趣。【学法点拨】在“It is+ adj. + fr/f sb. t d sth.”结构中：若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用f，此时形容词常为kind，nice，plite，rude，flish，generus 等；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用fr，此时形容词常为difficult，imprtant，necessary，pssible 等。It is generus f him t cntribute s much.他捐献了这么多，真是太慷慨了。It is imprtant fr us t live a lw-carbn life.过低碳生活对我们来说很重要。
（2）动名词作主语动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作。下列句型中常用动名词作主语：（1） It is a waste f time/n use/n gd ding sth.（2） There is n sense/n pint（in）ding sth.It is n gd cming befre that. 在那之前来没有用。There is n sense（in）wrrying abut it nw.现在大可不必为这件事忧虑。
单句语法填空（1）It is right______________（give） up smking.（2）It is nt necessary______________（bargain） n this small amunt.（3）It is impssible_____________ （knw） every specific prblem that we will cme acrss.（4）It was als ppular______________（decrate）bridges with sculpted stne lins fr the same reasn.（5）____________（suffer） frm cancer made him painful and in lw spirits.（6）____________（say） is ne thing，and ding is anther.（7）［2018·北京卷］____________（travel） alng the ld Silk Rad is an interesting and rewarding experience.（8）It’s n gd______________ （cmplain）—they never listen.（9）It is a waste f time______________ （discuss）such matters with her.
discussing
2 非谓语动词作宾语（1）动词不定式作宾语（1）常跟不定式作宾语的动词：决心学会想希望（decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hpe/wish）拒绝设法愿假装（refuse，manage，care，pretend）主动答应选计划（ffer，prmise，chse，plan）同意请求帮一帮（agree，ask/beg，help）（2）动词tell，shw，understand，knw，explain，teach，learn，advise 等常接“疑问词+ 不定式”作宾语。Please tell me when t start the prject.请告诉我何时开始这个项目。（3）不定式作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往用it 作形式宾语，而把不定式放在宾补之后。常用句型：主语+find/feel/think/believe/cnsider/make + it + adj. /n. +t d sth.We think it ur duty t prtect the envirnment.我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
（2）动名词作宾语（1）常跟动名词作宾语的动词（短语）：考虑建议盼原谅（cnsider，suggest/advise，lk frward t，excuse/pardn）承认推迟没得想（admit，delay/put ff，fancy）避免错过继续练（avid，miss，keep/keep n，practice）否认完成就欣赏（deny，finish，enjy/appreciate）禁止想象才冒险（frbid，imagine，risk）不禁介意准逃亡（can’t help，mind，allw/permit，escape）（2）由“动词+ 介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，常见的有be/get used t（习惯于），feel like（想要），insist n/stick t（坚持），get dwn t（开始认真做……），（致力于……），bject t（反对），give up（放弃）等。It’s time I gt dwn t thinking abut that essay.我该认真思考一下那篇文章了。
（3）下列动词（短语）既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。mean t d sth. 打算做某事mean ding sth. 意味着做某事stp t d sth. 停下来去做某事stp ding sth. 停止做某事frget t d sth. 忘记去做某事frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事remember t d sth. 记住去做某事remember ding sth. 记得做过某事regret t d sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾regret ding sth. 对做过的事感到后悔try t d sth. 努力去做某事try ding sth. 尝试做某事g n t d sth. 继续做另一件事g n ding sth. 继续做原来做的事
单句语法填空（1）I dn’t knw hw they managed____________（bring） up fur children.（2）Yu can imagine hw excited I was when I saw the bike，and I begged my uncle t teach me hw___________（ride） it right away.（3）Wherever he is，he made it a rule_____________（take） part in physical labur.（4）There is n dubt that the event will attract mre visitrs t enjy_____________（visit）this wnderful city.（5）I believe sme f yu nce dreamed f ____________（becme） famus.（6）Instead f trying_____________（make） up fr lst time，as many might d，he resigned n the spt.
（7）I avided______________ （mentin） the subject in case he shuld be ffended.（8）It’s quite ht tday. D yu feel like___________（g） fr a swim?（9）Yu culd easily pay with yur smartphne by______________（scan） the seller’s QR cde.（10）I find it very interesting_____________（study）English.（11）I regret___________（tell）yu that yu can’t be my assistant fr yur brken English.（12）These new rders fr ur prducts will mean_____________（wrk）vertime.（13）Please remember____________（give） me a phne call when yu get there.（14）Adam frgt_____________________（make） an appintment with me yesterday. I waited him the whle afternn.（15）We really can’t g n____________ （live）like this—we’ll have t find a bigger huse.
making/having made
3 非谓语动词作表语（1）动词不定式或动名词作表语动词不定式作表语表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作，而动名词作表语表示通常的情况。My dream is t enter Peking University.我的梦想是考入北京大学。My jb is teaching yu English.我的工作是教你们英语。（2）分词作表语表示事物的特征或性质时，表语用现在分词；表示人的内心感受时，表语用过去分词。Please describe a dg that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dg that is frightened. 请描述一只受惊的狗。
单句语法填空（1）She lked_______________（disappint） at the bad news.（2）T d that wuld be____________（cut） the ft t fit the she.（3）The children are just beginning t get___________（excite） abut using wrds and frming sentences.（4）It is very______________ （satisfy） t knw that the prject was a success.（5）Because each year’s picture was decided n during the winter，the drawings became ___________（knw） as winter cunts.
disappinted
Inspiratin frm animals
Read the passage abut bimimicry and answer the questins. Pay attentin t the wrds and expressins in bld.
One is cpying frm and shape. Anther ne is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals.Many majr inventins are derived frm the types f bimimicry.
When slving a design prblem，yu can smetimes lk t nature fr a slutin. One f the early examples is the study f birds t enable human flight. The Wright brthers，wh succeeded in creating and flying the first aerplane in 1903，gt their inspiratin frm bserving pigens in flight. This apprach，called bimimicry，studies and imitates nature’s designs and prcesses t seek slutins t human prblems. There are many types f bimimicry，amng which the mst cmmn ne is cpying frm and shape. By imitating the beak f a bird，fr example，bullet trains can be made t run much faster and mre quietly. Anther type f bimimicry is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals. Inspired by dlphins，peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater，which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems.
1 What are the types f bimimicry mentined in the passage? What else d yu knw abut them? 2 What ther examples f bimimicry can yu think f ? Share them with the class.
Wind turbines mdeling n Humpback whales；Antimicrbial films mimicking sharkskin；Absrbing shck like a wdpecker
Cmplete the infrmatin with the wrds and expressins in Activity 5.
Bats use sund t “see”. But hw d they avid crashing int each ther? The answer lies in their use f echlcatin t identify the psitin f bjects. Scientists are 1__________ _______________bats t imprve radar systems.
As a land species，hw can we imprve ur perfrmance in water? 2__________the shape f the Scales n a shark’s skin，we have created swimsuits that allw swimmers t swim much faster.
By 3____________ Dragnflies in flight，peple have realised there are better ways f flying. Nw we are 4_______________ dragnflies with ur designs fr small drnes.
Spider silk is much strnger than the same weight f steel. This means that it culd be used in lts f prducts，such as bullet-prf clthing. But we are still 5____________________ ne prblem—hw t get spiders t prduce enugh silk!
inspiratin frm
inspired by
seeking slutins t
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut in what ther ways we can learn frm animals.Give examples.
Read the passage and answer the questins.
One f the utstanding features f traditinal Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal mvements. This came abut because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts，senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild. The first set f animal-imitating exercises came int being abut 2，000 years ag. It was called Wu Qin Xi，r Five-animal Exercises，created by Hua Tu（ca 145-208）. As a physician during the Han Dynasty，Hua Tu is ften credited with being the first in China t use anesthesia during surgery. He was knwn as the best physician f his time，and was an expert in acupuncture.
1 Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal mvements? 2 What were Hua Tu’s achievements?
Because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts，senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild.
Hua Tu created Wu Qin Xi. He was the first physician t use anesthesia during surgery in China. He was knwn as the best physician f his time and he was an expert in acupuncture.
Listen t the cnversatin abut Wu Qin Xi and tick the tpics mentined by the speakers.
□ The creatr f Wu Qin Xi □ Wh can practise the exercises □ Why these animals were chsen □ Physical benefits □ Mental benefits □ Hw t teach the exercises
Jim： I saw yu in the park this mrning ding sme srt f slw mvements. What was that all abut? Is it a new type f dance?Wei： New? Nt at all! It’s a frm f physical exercise created by Hua Tu，almst 2，000 years ag.Jim： ’s it called?Wei： Wu Qin Xi. It means “Five-animal Exercises”.Jim： Five animals? Which nes are they?Wei： Well，they’re the tiger，deer，bear，mnkey and crane. Each animal is identified with a frm f exercise.Jim： What are the physical benefits f Wu Qin Xi?Wei： By ding these exercises，yu learn frm these animals and help yur rgans t wrk better. Fr example，the tiger exercise des gd t the liver.Jim： Really? And what d peple gain frm the bear exercise?Wei： It helps peple t have gd digestin. Jim： Hw des it help peple t have gd digestin? Wei： Well，it begins with rubbing yur bdy，just as a bear des，t warm yur stmach. Jim： Ah! What abut the ther three exercises?
Wei： Well，the mnkey exercise helps the heart t wrk well；the deer exercise is gd fr the kidney；and the crane exercise is gd fr the lung. Jim： Ww，that’s interesting! Anything else? Wei： Sme peple believe that Wu Qin Xi helps yu t live t an advanced age. There are stries f Wu Qin Xi masters living t mre than 90 years f age，and still having gd eyesight，hearing and strng teeth. Jim： That’s very impressive. Wei： Yes，Wu Qin Xi has mental benefits，t. It can help t relax yur mind and imprve cncentratin. Jim： Sunds great! Can yu teach me hw t d Wu Qin Xi? Wei： Sure. Yu can jin me every mrning. Jim： Oh，n. I dn’t think I can get up s early every day. I’m always t tired. Wei： Sunds like yu d need sme Wu Qin Xi exercises!
Listen again and cmplete the intrductin t Wu Qin Xi.
Wu Qin Xi was created by Hua Tu almst 2，000 years ag. It means “Five-animal Exercises”，and each animal is 1 . By ding these exercises，peple learn frm these animals and help 2_____________________________. Fr example，the tiger exercise 3 the liver. The bear exercise helps peple with gd digestin. The mnkey exercise helps 4 ；the ______________is gd fr the kidney；and the crane exercise is 6 . Sme peple believe Wu Qin Xi helps them 7 . Sme f the Wu Qin Xi masters lived t 8 ，and still had gd eyesight，hearing and strng teeth. Wu Qin Xi has 9 ，t. It can help 10______ ___________________________________.
identified with a frm f exercise
the/their rgans t wrk better
the heart t wrk well
deer exercise
gd fr the lung
t live t an advanced age
mre than 90 years f age
mental benefits
the mind and imprve cncentratin
Cmplete the bxes with the expressins frm the cnversatin.·By...，yu learn... ·That’s interesting! ·Really? ·That’s very impressive. ·It helps peple t... ·Sunds great! ·... is gd fr...
Talking abut benefits Shwing interest
By...，yu helps peple gd fr...
Really?That’s interesting!That’s very impressive.Sunds great!
Wrk in pairs. Think abut ther exercises inspired by animals. Discusshw they were created and their benefits，using the wrds and expressinsin this sectin.
Nw think abut yur perfrmance. Hw well can yu use the language yu have learnt t talk abut traditinal Chinese exercises?
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.54 This apprach，called bimimicry，studies and imitates nature’s designs and prcesses t seek slutins t human prblems. 这种方法被称为仿生学，研究和模仿大自然的设计和过程，以寻求解决人类问题的方法。1 seek slutins t 寻求……的解决方法（t 是介词）The cmpany is still seeking slutins t its current prblems.公司仍在寻求解决目前问题的办法。【归纳拓展】the slutin t...……的解决办法（t 是介词）lk fr a slutin 寻找解决办法find/cme up with a slutin 找到/ 想出解决办法prvide/ffer a slutin 提供解决办法We haven’t fund the slutin yet，but I’m sure we’re n the right track. 我们还没有找到解决办法，但我肯定我们的思路是对的。
单句语法填空（1）I have tried very hard t find a slutin__________ the prblem，but in vain.（2）They have begun t lk seriusly int the reasns and seek______________ （slve） tthe prblem.（3）Increasing emplyment is ne f the slutins t______________（reduce）crimes.完成句子（4）All yu had t d was think a little harder and____________________________（想出一个新的解决办法）.
cme up with a new slutin
教材原句p.54 Anther type f bimimicry is taking inspiratin frm the abilities f animals. 另一种仿生学是从动物的能力中获得灵感。2 take inspiratin frm从……中获取灵感The artist tk inspiratin frm African art.这位艺术家从非洲艺术中获得灵感。【归纳拓展】draw/get inspiratin frm 从……中得到灵感prvide inspiratin fr 为……提供灵感lk fr/seek inspiratin 寻找灵感need/lack inspiratin 需要/ 缺乏灵感Many pets and artists have drawn their inspiratin frm nature.许多诗人和艺术家都从大自然中得到灵感。
单句语法填空（1）Scientists take inspiratin____________ nature t make their breakthrugh.（2） He drew much______________（inspire） frm art prduced by children and by primitivecultures.完成句子（3）The sea has ________________________（为……提供灵感）many f his paintings.（4）I cannt finish the wrk tday because I_____________________（缺乏灵感）.
inspiratin
prvided inspiratin fr
lack inspiratin
教材原句p.54 have learnt hw t send signals underwater，which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems. ……人们学会了如何在水下发送信号，这种方法目前被用于海啸预警系统。3 emply v. 使用，运用；雇用；花时间做，忙于做搭配:emply sb. as sth. 雇用某人当……emply sb. t d sth. 雇用某人做某事be emplyed in （ding） sth. 忙于（做）某事Different artists emply different painting techniques.不同的画家运用不同的绘画技巧。Fr the past three years he has been emplyed as a firefighter.三年来他一直受雇当消防员。The children were emplyed in painting. 孩子们忙于画画。【单词积累】emplyer n. 雇主 emplyee n. 雇员emplyment n. 就业；工作；使用
单句语法填空（1）The reprt examines teaching methds_____________（emply） in the classrm.（2）Can’t we emply smene___________ an assistant t help with all this paperwrk?（3）A number f peple have been emplyed______________（deal） with the wrk.（4）The new factry will prvide______________（emply） fr abut a hundred lcal peple.完成句子（5）She______________________________（忙于列一个清单）f all the jbs t be dne.
is emplyed in making a list
教材原句p.55 The first set f animal-imitating exercises came int being abut 2，000 years ag. 最早的一套模仿动物的练习大约出现在2 000 年前。4 cme int being（= cme int existence）诞生；出现；存在We dn’t knw hw life first came int being.我们不知道生命最初是如何诞生的。N ne knws fr certain when such a custm came int being.没有人确切地知道这种风俗是什么时候形成的。【误区警示】cme int being 无被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。【归纳拓展】cme int effect 生效，开始实施 cme int view 进入视野cme int fashin 开始流行 cme int use 开始使用
完成句子（1）Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe_________________________（诞生）.（2）The clud lifted，and the tps f the muntains suddenly________________（进入视野）.（3）The church wedding ceremny has ___________________（流行起来）there.（4）It is said that the new regulatin will nt ___________________（开始实施）until the end f net mnth.
came int being/existence
came int view
cme int fashin
cme int effect
教材原句p.55 Tu is ften credited with being the first in China t use anesthesia during surgery. ……华佗通常被认为是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人。5 be credited with 被认为……；认为……是……的功劳He is credited with riginating a new printing prcess.人们认为他发明了一种新的印刷方法。The cmpany is credited with inventing the industrial rbt.发明工业机器人是那家公司的功劳。【归纳拓展】be credited t sb. /sth. 归功于某人/ 某事；某人/ 某事是……发生的原因The inventin f the industrial rbt is credited t the cmpany.工业机器人的发明应归功于那家公司。
完成句子（1）他被认为是发明第一架真正的直升机的人。He __________________ inventing the first true helicpter.（2）公司的成功归功于她。She_____________________ making the business a success.（3）Much f Manchester United’s success can ________________（归功于）their manager.
is credited with
is credited with
be credited t
重点句式教材原句p.53 Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. 没有什么地方比美丽的苏州留园更能说明这一点。【 句法分析】本句使用了“否定词 + 比较级”结构，否定词 nwhere与比较级 better 连用，表示最高级含义。“否定词 + 比较级”表示最高级含义（1）基本结构：否定词 + 形容词或副词的比较级（+ than）（2）常用的否定词：n，nt，never，nthing，nbdy，nwhere，hardly 等（3）意义：再没有更……的了，再……不过了Nthing is mre precius than health. 健康是最宝贵的。I have never seen a mre energetic man.我从未见过比他精力更充沛的人。I culdn’t agree mre. 我完全同意 / 再同意不过了。【归纳拓展】比较级形式表示最高级含义的其他结构：any ther + 单数名词any f the ther + 复数名词比较级+ than + any f the thersall the ther + 复数名词all the thersanyne/anything else
单句语法填空（1）N ne culd be__________________（generus）；he has a heart f gld.（2）Mr. Stevensn is great t wrk fr—I really culdn’t ask fr a___________（gd）bss.（3）Nthing is________________（pleasant）than staying hme listening t music.（4）The weather culdn’t be__________（bad），s we will nt g ut.（5）I suddenly realised nbdy was____________（happy） than I was.一句多译中国的人口比世界上任何一个国家的人口都多。（6）The ppulatin f China is larger than that f____________ cuntry in the wrld.（7）The ppulatin f China is larger than that f ________________________________ cuntries in the wrld.
mre generus
mre pleasant
any f the ther/ all the ther
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