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黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2023届高三英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2023届高三英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
哈三中2022-2023学年度上学期高三阶段性测试
英语试卷
(时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给出的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When might Peter arrive?
A. At 3:15. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.
2. How does the girl keep in touch with her grandma?
A. By post. B. By QQ. C. By WeChat.
3. What will the speakers take to the party?
A. Ice cream. B. A cake. C. Orange juice.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The lunch. B. The menu. C. The school website.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the woman’s house. B. In the man’s office. C. In a clothes shop.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the woman think of the movie ticket for adults?
A. Acceptable. B. Expensive. C. Cheap.
7. How much will the woman pay for the ticket?
A. $4.5. B. $6. C. $9.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why does the woman go to the United States?
A. To go sightseeing. B. To attend courses. C. To go on business.
9. What will the woman do next?
A. Get her boarding card. B. Board the plane. C. Go shopping.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Michael’s problem?
A. He’s not sure about his future.
B. He has no interest in studying.
C. He isn’t allowed to attend an art school.
11. What does Michael often do after school?
A. He plays football. B. He goes to acting classes. C. He watches English plays.
12. What does the woman suggest Michael do?
A. Talk with his friends. B. Perform in the school play. C. Stay at school until he’s eighteen.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why doesn’t the man choose newspaper to make ads?
A. They are not attractive.
B They are too expensive.
C. They can’t reach their customers.
14. What advice does the woman give about radio ads?
A. Find an interesting radio program.
B Ask for young people’s suggestions.
C. Use a song to advertise their company.
15. What is good about TV?
A. It is affordable.
B. It is popular with everyone.
C. It can show many ads at the same time.
16. What does the woman think is the best way to make ads?
A. The TV. B. The radio. C. The newspaper.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When should the travelers set off from the hotel?
A. By 10:00. B. By 9:45. C. By 9:30.
18. What should the travelers bring tomorrow?
A. A packed lunch. B. Boat fare. C. A jacket.
19. What can the travelers do at the Golden Gate Park?
A. Do some shopping.
B. Enjoy great painting works.
C. See the international exhibition.
20. Which place will the travelers visit first in the afternoon?
A. Chinatown. B. The Alamo Square. C. The Japanese Tea Garden.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everybody has experienced it at least once—pulling out a favorite item of clothing from the washing machine only to find that it is now shrunken, discolored, or damaged! It is at this point that you wish you had paid more attention to the washing symbols on the care label. Here, we will explain the most common washing instruction symbols on wash care labels.
Wash Symbol
Depicted as a bucket filled with water, the Wash Symbol tells you what temperature or machine setting you should use to wash the item of clothing.
One Dot=30℃ Two Dots=40℃
Three Dots=50℃ Four Dots=60℃
Five Dots=70℃ Six Dots=95℃
Permanent Press
The Permanent Press symbol has one line beneath the standard wash symbol. Permanent Press fabrics have been treated with chemicals to ensure they resist wrinkles and keep their original shapes. If a piece clothing is permanent press, it usually means that you shouldn’t iron it.
Gentle Cycle
The Gentle Cycle symbol has two lines beneath the standard wash symbol. The gentle cycle is for delicate fibres like wool or silk, or for items of clothing that could be damaged by a vigorous (剧烈的) washing.
Do Not Wash
The Do Not Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a cross through it. If the label instructs you not to wash the item, it will have to be dry cleaned after it gets dirty.
Now you’ve got the hang of washing labels; you can put your machine-washable items in the machine.
1. What might have happened if you find your trousers damaged after washing?
A. You were confused about their materials.
B. You forgot setting the machine’s temperature.
C. You paid little attention to the washing symbols.
D. You washed them without any washing powders.
2. What washing symbol can you find on your woolen coat?
A. B. C. D.
3. How do you wash your hat with a cross through it on its washing symbol?
A. Dry it after washing. B. Wash it in the machine.
C. Dry-clean it if it is dirty. D. Get it dried before washing.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了衣物护理标签上的几种洗涤符号的具体含义。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Everybody has experienced it at least once—pulling out a favorite item of clothing from the washing machine only to find that it is now shrunken, discolored, or damaged! It is at this point that you wish you had paid more attention to the washing symbols on the care label. (每个人都经历过至少一次从洗衣机里拿出一件最喜欢的衣服时，却发现它缩水、变色或损坏了！此时，您希望您能更多地注意护理标签上的洗涤符号)”可知，裤子被洗坏，可能是因为在洗涤衣服之前没有怎么注意到护理标签上的洗涤符号。故答案为C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的第三行“The gentle cycle is for delicate fibres like wool or silk, or for items of clothing that could be damaged by a vigorous (剧烈的) washing. (慢水循环适用于像羊毛或丝绸这样的精细纤维，或适用于那些可能被剧烈洗涤损坏的衣物)”可知，毛呢外套上会有Gentle Cycle的标签。故答案为D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的最后一行“The Do Not Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a cross through it. If the label instructs you not to wash the item, it will have to be dry cleaned after it gets dirty. (“请勿清洗”符号是标准的清洗符号，中间有一个十字。如果标签指示您不要清洗该物品，则在其变脏后必须进行干洗)”可知，我们需要将带有Do Not Wash符号的帽子进行干洗。故答案为C。
B
As Rena was driving home in the rain. “I can hardly see!” She worried. Just a few miles more, an electrical pole in front of her car was getting bigger and bigger. The car shot forward. Crash! Rena felt the force tear her from the seat. She felt a sharp pain in her lap. “I went through the windshield but I’m alive!” She realized.
Then she heard a sharp crack, looked up and saw the pole had broken in half and was plunging (下落) toward her! But luckily, the pole landed three feet from her head. The broken pole had torn down electrical wires and they were dangling (悬垂) just inches away from her, trapping her in between them! “An electric current... water... if those cables touch me, I’m dead!”
Less than a mile away, New York State highway officer Juan Diaz saw a flash in the sky followed by a loud crack. “Lightning must have hit,” he thought turning his car around. A few minutes later, he saw Rena’s crumpled car. “I’ve got to help this young woman!”
“Are those footsteps?” Rena thought, hope rising as she lay there. Through the cocoon of wires, she saw a blue uniform. “Please help me!” she cried weakly. “Don’t move!” Diaz shouted, “I’m going to get you out!” But how? He worried.
Suddenly, the base of the pole burst into flames! Diaz felt a chill of fear. He knew it carried thousands of volts. He thought of his wife and five-year-old son at home. “But I can’t leave her here,” he thought. In a flash he swallowed his fear and stepped toward Rena. As he did, the powerful current stung his feet. But he didn’t stop.
At that moment, one of the wires jumped, leaving a three-foot opening in the cables around Rena. “Maybe I can drag her through there. It’s the only chance we have.” Cables hissed (发出嘶嘶声) inches from his feet, but Diaz just kept on walking, four steps, then five... finally he was by her side.
“Don’t worry,” he said gently, “We’ll make it.” Diaz grabbed Rena’s ankles, then dragged her through the narrow opening in the tangle of wires. “We’re almost there,” he said over and over. The sureness of his voice checked Rena’s terror.
Suddenly, Diaz took her up in his arms and ran 20 feet more, taking shelter behind the patrol car. “We did it!” he shouted. Just then the transformer exploded, engulfing the area in flames. They both realized: We didn’t have a second to spare.
4. What happened to Rena when driving home?
A. Her car hit an electrical pole.
B. An electrical pole fell onto her car.
C. Her car turned over because of the wet road.
D. Lightning hit her car and threw her onto the ground.
5. When did Rena’s hope rise while lying hurt on the ground?
A. She saw a police car nearby.
B. She heard someone was coming.
C. She realized that the pole hadn’t hit her.
D. She knew the wires didn’t carry electricity.
6. Why did Diaz think of his wife and son when he was about to save Rena?
A. Rena looked like his wife.
B. He missed his wife and his son.
C. He thought it worthless to save Rena.
D. He knew it might cost him his life to save Rena.
7. What were the critical elements for Diaz to save Rena successfully?
A. Diaz’s courage and the strong transformer.
B. Diaz’s boldness and the weak electrical current.
C. Diaz’s carefulness and his electricity-proof uniform.
D. Diaz’s bravery and the narrow opening left by a wire.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rena冒雨开车回家途中，车撞到电线杆上，自己被抛出车外。纽约州高速公路官员Juan Diaz察觉有东西被闪电击中了，赶忙将车掉头查看，发现了Rena处于危险处境，尽管非常害怕，Diaz依然决定要拯救Rena，此时，一根电线弹起，留出了三英尺缺口，使得Diaz可以接近Rena并成功将她营救出来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As Rena was driving home in the rain. “I can hardly see!” She worried. Just a few miles more, an electrical pole in front of her car was getting bigger and bigger. The car shot forward. Crash! (Rena正在冒雨开车回家。“我几乎看不见了！”她担心道。又开了几英里，她车前的电线杆变得越来越大。汽车疾驶向前。撞到了！)”可知，Rena驾车回家时，车撞在了电线杆上。故选A。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““Are those footsteps?” Rena thought, hope rising as she lay there. (“那是脚步声吗？”蕾娜想，她躺在那里，燃起希望)”可知，Rena受伤躺在地上，她听到有人来了的时候，心中燃起了希望。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Suddenly, the base of the pole burst into flames! Diaz felt a chill of fear. He knew it carried thousands of volts. He thought of his wife and five-year-old son at home. (突然，杆子的底部着火了！Diaz感到一阵恐惧。他知道它有几千伏特电压。他想到了家里的妻子和五岁的儿子)”中关键词“burst into flames”、“a chill of fear”和“thousands of volts”可推知，当下处境十分危险，他感到害怕，想到了自己的妻子和儿子。由此推知，他知道救Rena可能会让他付出生命，所以Diaz想到妻子和儿子。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““But I can’t leave her here,” he thought. In a flash he swallowed his fear and stepped toward Rena. As he did, the powerful current stung his feet. But he didn’t stop. (“但我不能把她留在这里，”Diaz想。刹那间，他忍着恐惧，向Rena走去。当他这样做时，强大的电流刺痛了他的脚。但他没有停止)”可知，Diaz克服了自己的恐惧去拯救Rena，所以勇敢是Diaz成功营救Rena的原因之一；根据第六段“At that moment, one of the wires jumped, leaving a three-foot opening in the cables around Rena. “Maybe I can drag her through there. It’s the only chance we have.” (就在那一刻，其中一根电线弹起，在Rena周围的电缆上留下了一个三英尺的缺口。“也许我可以把她拖过去。这是我们唯一的机会。”)”可知，Diaz成功营救Rena的另一个原因是有一个三英尺的缺口，使得Diaz可以接近Rena，把她从危险境地拖了出来。故选D。
C
Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.
This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences on our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories.
You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles, each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM.
The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁剂) — dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM.
We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions.
Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we do diet and exercise habits.
8. What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams?
A. They cause chaos. B. They damage immunity.
C. They reveal secrets. D. They mirror reality.
9. Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3?
A. To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep.
B. To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours.
C. To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached.
D. To show people often dream when waking up in the morning.
10. What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5?
A. REM sleep promotes creativity.
B. REM sleep helps fight depression.
C. The brain still receives new information during REM sleep.
D. The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep.
11. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The importance of sleep lies in dreams.
B. The absence of dreams is terrible for us.
C. Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize.
D. Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做梦和睡眠之间的关系，以及不做梦给我们带来的损害，告诉我们要重视睡眠模式。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. (根据卡尔·荣格的说法，梦揭示了在清醒意识中隐藏的一定数量的现实。在荣格哲学中，梦中经历的冲突和混乱最终给我们的生活带来了秩序)”可知，卡尔·荣格认为梦反映事实。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. (你可能认为这只是睡眠问题，但做梦与夜间休息是分不开的)”以及“The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM. (我们睡得越久，在快速眼动阶段（做梦）的时间就越多，这就是为什么我们早上醒来时经常做梦。然而，如果我们的睡眠时间少于7小时，就很难达到这种程度的快速眼动)”可知，我们是否做梦，与睡眠时长及睡眠过程中的快速眼动时间是有直接关系的。由此推知，第三段解释睡眠过程，是为了证明做梦问题和睡眠问题是联系在一起的。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions. (经历了更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更善于解决需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，经历更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更有创造力。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways. (虽然荣格的神秘主义理论是有争议的，但他对做梦的重要性的认识并没有错。越来越多的报告显示，持续缺乏做梦正在从很多方面损害我们清醒的时间)”可知，文章在第一段就指出了做梦很重要，缺乏做梦会给我们带来损害。第二段介绍了缺少做梦会对我们的免疫系统、新陈代谢和记忆造成损害，第四段说睡眠和做梦结合起来可以起到稳定情绪的作用，第五段说我们正以许多方式为缺乏做梦付出代价。由此可知，文章主要讲了不做梦对于我们来说是可怕的。故选B。
D
The image was shocking, and the response was entirely predictable. The photo of a polar bear lying lifeless on a beach—blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body—received immediate criticism globally. On the shore, in the background, stand three guards, talking to each other. One of them has a rifle hanging casually on his shoulder. The feeling was that of complete disregard for the bear and the environment in which it lived. The reality, however, is considerably more complex.
This powerful image has thrown into question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism. Should we be in these environments at all? Are there regions in the world where nature should be left completely untouched? Does our proximity (靠近) to large animals in the wild, frequently fueled by a desire for sensational images, lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact? If that is the case, surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity.
Before answering these questions, we should first consider the incident that has caught global attention. For me, this has struck home. I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot. The bear’s death should never have happened. Was the beach examined from the ship offshore beforehand? Were the clients themselves closely supervised to prevent one becoming isolated? Was there access to flares to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly? These are standard measures for any respected operator. The incident is probably the result of a terrible systemic failure.
Nevertheless, the incident should not deny the value of ecotourism. In its best form, this kind of travel has very little impact, or indeed has a positive effect, on the environment where it takes place. This can be by making financial donations to conservation groups, providing income to local communities, or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals. In Svalbard, visitors become ambassadors for the endangered polar bears, increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger facing them is sea-ice melt in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates. Simply closing off these regions is not the answer. The key is responsible engagement and further research before you book that trip. When ecotourism is conducted correctly, the benefits can be direct, immediate, positive and long-lasting.
12. What does the underlined word “response” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Disappointed with the animal not being protected.
B. Surprise at seeing such a big animal.
C. Criticism from across the world.
D. Desire to visit the place.
13. What does the author think about the incident of the polar bear being killed?
A. The bear shouldn’t have been killed at all whatever happened.
B. The incident could have been avoided if dealt with properly.
C. Sensational images shouldn’t be put out to attract people.
D. Access to large animals must be stopped without delay.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards ecotourism?
A. Supportive. B. Opposed.
C. Unconcerned. D. Pessimistic.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Should the sensational images be put out to attract people?
B. Should the visitors carry a rifle when touring?
C. Should the polar bears be killed?
D. Should ecotourism be allowed?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要通过一张“北极熊枪杀照”的讨论引出“生态旅游是否应该开展”这一话题，尽管，针对处理这一事件的方式方法，作者提出了一系列的质疑，但作者在文中肯定了生态旅游的价值所在。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。分析语境可知，后文是对划线句“The image was shocking, and the response was entirely predictable.”的进一步解释。后文“The photo of a polar bear lying lifeless on a beach—blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body(照片上，一只北极熊躺在海滩上，毫无生气——血裹着它脖子上的毛，一只巨大的爪子折叠在身体下面)”中解释了令人震惊的图片内容，因此“received immediate criticism globally(立即在全球受到批评)”应是对应“response”这一词，该词应是指“得到的反应”含义，对应语境，即“全球性批判”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容作者表达了北极熊被枪杀事件的一系列质疑，同时结合第三段末尾据内容“The incident is probably the result of a terrible systemic failure.(这一事件很可能是一次严重的系统性失误造成的。)”可知，在作者看来，这次事件有可能是一次系统性失误造成的，在处理措施上不够专业，即，如果有关机构妥善处理了，就不会造成这个事件的发生。故选B项。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Nevertheless, the incident should not deny the value of ecotourism.(然而，这一事件不应否定生态旅游的价值。)”以及末尾段内容“When ecotourism is conducted correctly, the benefits can be direct, immediate, positive and long-lasting.(如果生态旅游经营得当，效益是直接的、立竿见影的、积极的和持久的。)”可知，作者认为生态旅游的价值是不可否认的，如果实施得当，其效益是良好的。由此可推知，作者对生态旅游抱有支持的态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。分析文章内容可知，文章第二段首句“This powerful image has thrown into question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism.(这种强大的形象引发了人们对这种旅游或生态旅游的动机的质疑。)”提出了文章的核心话题，即，文章主要通过这副令人震惊的“北极熊枪杀照”抛出了话题，生态旅游值得与否，并在后文段落进行了详细论述。选项D“Should ecotourism be allowed?(应该允许生态旅游吗?)”贴合主旨。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Realize Your True Potential
Every human being, regardless of race, sex, or any other characteristic, e has the incredible capacity to realize their potential.____16____, there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization.
Determine your core values.In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. ____17____.Studies suggest that you will find your life more meaningful, and feel a deeper sense of happiness, if you live a life that is in line with what's the most important to you.
____18____Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential.Is it personal improvement? More success in your career?
Be patient and kind to yourself____19____More importantly, it will take self-compassion.Acknowledge your strengths and skills as well as the areas in which you need to grow.Honor the efforts you make each day toward realizing your true potential.
Find areas that do not agree with your values.If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values.____20____.
A. If you take it for granted.
B. Though it will be no easy task.
C. Decide what your true potential looks like.
D. Determine whether you have set up your final goals.
E. Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.
F. So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.
G. These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何实现个人的真正潜能提出了几个策略。
【16题详解】
根据下文“there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization (但在实现这一目标的道路上，你可以采取几个步骤)”可知，此处表示转折，内容与实现潜能不是一件容易的任务有关，选项B“Though it will be no easy task. (尽管这不是一件容易的任务)”符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Determine your core values. (确定你的核心价值观。)”和上文“In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. (为了充分发挥自己的潜力，你必须了解自己的核心价值观，并按照自己的价值观生活。)”可知，选项出要说明核心价值观所起的作用，选项G“These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you. (这些价值观塑造了你如何看待自己、他人和你周围的世界。)”符合题意。These指的是values。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential. (一旦你对自己的核心价值观和生活的方方面面有了很好的认识，花些时间来确定你真正的潜力。)”可知，此处是本段主旨句，内容与确定你真正的潜能有关，选项C“Decide what your true potential looks like. (决定你真正的潜能是什么样子。)”符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Be patient and kind to yourself”耐心点，善待自己。下文“More importantly, it will take self-compassion. (更重要的是，它需要自我同情。)”可知，此处讲实现你真正的潜能所需要的条件。选项E“Achieving your true potential will take time and effort. (实现你真正的潜能需要时间和努力。)”符合题意。与下文为并列关系。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values. (如果你觉得自己没有发挥出真正的潜能，那可能是因为你生活中的某些部分还没有达到你的核心价值观。)”可知，此处内容与上文是因果关系，选项F“So see whether these are areas in which you like to change. (所以看看这些是否是你想要改变的领域。)”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共四节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s often the simple things in life that make the most significant impact on us. It was late one afternoon in mid-September. My three-month-old son was napping in his ____21____. As I wandered through our living room, I happened to ____22____ my balcony window. Puddles (水坑) had ____23____ on the ground and the rain had slowed.
Down below ____24____ a boy of about four. Filled with a mixture of fascination and happiness, he stomped (踩) through the puddle, mud and ____25____ flying. He walked, stomped, splashed through that puddle ____26____, happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him.
Not more than ten feet away stood his mother. She didn’t scold him. ____27____, she watched with a pleasant smile on her face. She showed no ____28____ for a little mud and for the laundry she would later have to do. As for me, it was a(n) ____29____ moment that changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother.
The little boy probably will _____30_____ each afternoon that his mother takes him outside, as he _____31_____. He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him _____32_____ his world. But he will remember that his mother _____33_____ him and he will know that she helps him to learn and grow in a pleasant and fun environment.
Maybe we can all learn from the innocence of _____34_____ that views a rainstorm not as something to run through or to avoid, but something meant to explore, to _____35_____ and to love.
21. A. desk B. bed C. toy D. bench
22. A. jump at B. turn around C. look out of D. stare at
23. A. formed B. left C. saved D. collected
24. A. waved B. trembled C. stood D. slid
25. A. birds B. cars C. ash D. water
26. A. by and by B. more or less C. now and then D. over and over
27. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Also
28. A. concern B. respect C. desire D. interest
29. A. embarrassing B. confusing C. touching D. exhausting
30. A. experience B. remember C. forget D. recall
31. A. grows up B. loses heart C. turns in D. cries out
32. A. visit B. explore C. find D. understand
33. A. loves B. helps C. scolds D. kisses
34. A. youth B. childhood C. majority D. adulthood
35. A. await B. share C. stop D. enjoy
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通常是生活中最简单的事情对我们产生了最重大的影响。作者在雨天见到一个小孩在踩水坑，而他妈妈安静地看着他探索自己的世界。从中作者获得了生活感悟——也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我三个月大的儿子正在床上打盹。A. desk桌子；B. bed床；C. toy玩具；D. bench长凳。根据空前“My three-month-old son was napping”可知，此处指三个月大的儿子正在他的床上打盹。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在穿过客厅时，碰巧朝阳台的窗户往外看。A. jump at急于接受；B. turn around转身；C. look out of向外看； D. stare at凝视。根据上文“As I wandered through our living room”和空后 “my balcony window”可知，作者路过客厅时向窗外望。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨小了，地面上形成了水坑。A. formed形成；B. left留下；C. saved节省；D. collected收集。根据下文“the rain had slowed”可知，因为下雨了，所以在地面上形成了水坑。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下面站着一个大约四岁的男孩。A. waved挥手；B. trembled颤抖；C. stood站着；D. slid滑行。根据下文“Filled with a mixture of fascination and happiness, he stomped (踩) through the puddle”可知，小男孩是站着。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他沉浸在快乐中，在泥坑中跺脚，泥水飞溅。A. birds鸟；B. cars汽车；C. ash灰烬；D. water水。根据前文“he stomped (踩) through the puddle(他踩着泥坑)”可知，这里应为泥和水在飞溅。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他走着，跺着脚，在水坑里一次又一次地溅着水，高兴地享受着大自然留给他的一切。A. by and by不久；B. more or less或多或少；C. now and then时而；D. over and over反反复复。根据下文“happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him.”可知，小男孩沉浸在踩泥坑的欢乐，所以此处指小男孩一遍遍反反复复地在水坑里玩耍。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带愉快的微笑看着。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Also而且。根据上文“She didn’t scold him.”及下文“she watched with a pleasant smile on her face”可知，此处与所表述的“微笑看着”是对比关系，指小男孩的妈妈没有责骂他。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对一点点泥和以后要洗的衣服毫不担心。A. concern担心；B. respect尊重；C. desire愿望；D. interest兴趣。根据上文“She didn’t scold him. ____7____, she watched with a pleasant smile on her face.”可知，男孩的妈妈对一点点泥和以后要洗的衣服毫不担心。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个感人的时刻，改变了我对母亲角色的看法。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. touching感人的； D. exhausting令人精疲力竭的。根据空后“that changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother”可知，作者通过所见改变了对母亲角色的看法。由此可知，她看到小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑受到了感触，对她来说，这是一个感人的时刻。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. experience经历；B. remember记得；C. forget忘记； D. recall回忆。根据下文“He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him ____12____ his world.”可知，此处指他可能会忘记。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. grows up成长；B. loses heart灰心；C. turns in上床睡觉；D. cries out喊叫。根据下文“He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him ____12____ his world.”可知，随着他的长大他可能会记不得一些事情。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能不记得每次妈妈让他探索自己的世界时发生的每一件小事。A. visit参观；B. explore探索；C. find发现；D. understand理解。根据语境可知，小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑，是为了让他探索这个世界。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他会记得，他的妈妈爱他，他会知道她帮助他在一个愉快和有趣的环境中学习和成长。A. loves爱；B. helps帮助；C. scolds责骂；D. kisses亲吻。根据空后“he will know that she helps him to learn and grow in a pleasant and fun environment.”可知，此处指小男孩的妈妈爱他。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. youth年轻；B. childhood童年；C. majority大部分；D. adulthood成年。根据文章叙述的主人公为“a little boy”及本句中的“innocence天真”可知，“childhood童年”符合语境。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. await等待；B. share分享；C. stop停止；D. enjoy享受。根据本句中“not...but...”意为“不是……而是……”可知，此处应与上文中的“to run through or to avoid”形成对比，enjoy意为“享受”与explore和love并列，符合语境和句意。故选D。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we are healthy, breathing happens ____36____ (nature) without much effect on our part. The human respiratory (呼吸的) system works hard to keep ____37____ (we) alive. It is working every minute of the day. A muscle called the diaphragm (隔膜) separates the chest and abdominal cavities (腔). As we breathe in, the diaphragm tightens. The chest cavity ____38____ (open), and the lungs expand. When we breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, ____39____ (push) air out.
Deep breathing helps our body fully exchange incoming oxygen with outgoing carbon dioxide ____40____ many people do the opposite of deep breathing: They take short and shallow breaths. Shallow breathing limits the ____41____ (expand) and movement of the diaphragm.
To try deep breaths, we can find a place ____42____ (sit) or lie down. Place one hand just below our ribs and take ____43____ slow and deep breath through our noses. We will feel our hands go up as our stomachs rise and expand. If ____44____ (do) repeatedly, breathing exercises can help remove disgusting air from the lungs, _____45_____ will increase oxygen levels and get the diaphragm to return to its job of helping us breathe.
【答案】36. naturally
37. us 38. opens
39. pushing
40. but##yet
41. expansion
42. to sit 43. a
44. done 45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种健康的呼吸方式——深呼吸。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我们健康的时候，呼吸是自然发生的，对我们没有太大的影响。此处修饰动词happens，应用副词，作状语。故填naturally。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：人类的呼吸系统努力工作以维持我们的生命。此处为动词keep的宾语，应用宾格。故填us。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：胸腔打开，肺部扩张。根据上下文可知，此处描述方式方法，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填opens。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们呼气时，隔膜放松并向上移动，将空气推出。分析句子可知，逗号后为非谓语动词，动词push和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表示自然结果。故填pushing。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：深呼吸可以帮助我们的身体充分交换吸入的氧气和排出的二氧化碳，但许多人做的与深呼吸相反：他们的呼吸短而浅。后文many people do the opposite of deep breathing: They take short and shallow breaths和前文之间存在转折关系，应用连词but或yet连接。故填but或yet。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：浅呼吸限制了隔膜的扩张和运动。此处与movement是并列宾语，应用名词expansion，不可数名词。故填expansion。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：要尝试深呼吸，我们可以找个地方坐下或躺下。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式，作后置定语修饰名词place。故填to sit。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：将一只手放在肋骨下方，用鼻子缓慢地深呼吸。take a breath是固定短语，且slow发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果反复做，呼吸练习可以帮助清除肺部令人作呕的空气，这将增加氧气水平，使隔膜恢复帮助我们呼吸的工作。此处为省略的状语从句，非谓语动词do和主语breathing exercises之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填done。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果反复做，呼吸练习可以帮助清除肺部令人作呕的空气，这将增加氧气水平，使隔膜恢复帮助我们呼吸的工作。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面主句部分，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，是一名高中学生。最近，你校广播站面向全体学生招募一名英语播音员（announcer），你很感兴趣，想尝试一下。根据下面要点写一封申请信。
1.自我介绍及写信目的；
2.自身优势；
3.希望被录取。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr. Li,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
Dear Mr. Li,
I’m Li Hua, a student in our school. Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I am passionate about broadcasting. I have received some professional training in my spare time. More importantly, I have rich experience. In addition, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. So I firmly believe I am highly qualified for the job. If admitted, I will go all out to serve the students.
I sincerely hope you can give me a chance. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Mr. Li写封申请信，申请成为校广播站的英语播音员，在信中介绍自己，讲述写信目的和自身优势，并表达期望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找/招聘：look for→recruit/want
对……有热情：be passionate about→have a passion for/ be enthusiastic about
精通：have a good command of→be skilled in/ be proficient in
适合：be qualified for→be suitable for
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I have received some professional training in my spare time. More importantly, I have rich experience.
拓展句：Not only have I received some professional training in my spare time, but also I have rich experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer, I’m writing to apply for the position.（运用了现在分词作原因状语，且该结构中that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】If admitted, I will go all out to serve the students.（“If admitted”为省略句结构作条件状语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a single mother in my 30s who lived down and out with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment, struggling hard to make our needs meet.
One day, I headed to the downtown for an interview. I sat down in the streetcar, and there against the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle decorated with gold scrolls, among which there was a name carved.
On impulse(冲动) I determined to find the owner myself. I got off the streetcar in the heavy rain and thankfully opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name, I found it immediately and called it, waiting patiently, and then a lady answered.
"Yes, “she said in surprise, with extreme excitement." It was my umbrella which had been stolen a year ago.”
So appealing was her pleasure that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house. She took the umbrella, with teary eyes, explaining with choking voice that the umbrella was given by her parents, now dead, Her happiness at retrieving(找回)this special possession was such that to have accepted her reward would have spoiled something, so I refused her offer and left.
The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. What was worse, I had just lost my last job before Christmas, with only fifteen dollars left. Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless and jobless. I had prayed steadily for weeks, and there had been no answer but this coldness and darkness.
The air was full of Christmas merriment, with the bells ringing and children shouting in the bitter dusk of the evening. But there should be no Christmas for me, I knew, no gifts, no remembrance whatsoever.
Thinking of this, I couldn’t control my tears on my way home, but I managed a smile so could greet my little daughter. She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift. There I stood, frozen, overwhelmed by misery.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus. Then I heard man talking heartily to her and went to the door, He was a delivery man, and his arms were full of parcels. “This is a mistake, " I said, but he read the name on the parcels and they were for me. When he had gone, I didn't know what to do. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other. What a surprise! I looked for the name of the sender.
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes. I picked up the note, which read "Thanks for returning of the umbrella. Merry Christmas! ""It was sent by the lady. Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading through my body. On that cold Christmas, I forgot I had no money for the rent and only fifteen dollars in my pocket. We just sat in our small apartment unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个30多岁的单身母亲，在去面试路上的电车里捡到一把伞，并根据伞上信息，找到伞的而主人，将伞物归原主并且拒绝了酬谢。接下来，这位母亲在穷困潦倒的生活中迎来了圣诞节，却苦于没有钱付房租以及买食物、送礼物给女儿的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，门铃响了，佩吉急忙去开门，说一定是圣诞老人。”可知，第一段可先描写门打开后，这位母亲看到的确有送包裹之人后的疑惑以及她和女儿确定包裹是给她们时的惊喜。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，贴在一个包裹上的一张纸条吸引了我的目光”可知，第二段可描写这位母亲发现这个包裹的寄送人是其之前所归还伞的主人，以及这个人的此番举动为这对母女在寒冷的圣诞节带来的温暖和希望。
2.续写线索：收到包裹——感到困惑和惊喜——发现纸条——感到温暖和希望
3.词汇激活
动作类
①收到礼物：heard man talking heartily to her/went to the door
②读便条：pick up the note/read
情绪类
①.热情：heartily/ kindly
②.幸福：satisfaction/ contentment/ happiness/ fulfilment/ happiness
【点睛】
[高分句型]. Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa
Claus.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作非谓语动词calling的宾语）
[高分句型2]. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
（由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other.
（非谓语之现在分词的熟练运用）
听力答案：1-5 CAABC 6-10 BABCC 11-15 ABCCB 16-20 ACCBB
哈三中2022-2023学年度上学期高三阶段性测试
英语试卷
(时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给出的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When might Peter arrive?
A. At 3:15. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.
2. How does the girl keep in touch with her grandma?
A. By post. B. By QQ. C. By WeChat.
3. What will the speakers take to the party?
A. Ice cream. B. A cake. C. Orange juice.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The lunch. B. The menu. C. The school website.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the woman’s house. B. In the man’s office. C. In a clothes shop.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the woman think of the movie ticket for adults?
A. Acceptable. B. Expensive. C. Cheap.
7. How much will the woman pay for the ticket?
A. $4.5. B. $6. C. $9.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why does the woman go to the United States?
A. To go sightseeing. B. To attend courses. C. To go on business.
9. What will the woman do next?
A. Get her boarding card. B. Board the plane. C. Go shopping.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Michael’s problem?
A. He’s not sure about his future.
B. He has no interest in studying.
C. He isn’t allowed to attend an art school.
11. What does Michael often do after school?
A. He plays football. B. He goes to acting classes. C. He watches English plays.
12. What does the woman suggest Michael do?
A. Talk with his friends. B. Perform in the school play. C. Stay at school until he’s eighteen.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why doesn’t the man choose newspaper to make ads?
A. They are not attractive.
B They are too expensive.
C. They can’t reach their customers.
14. What advice does the woman give about radio ads?
A. Find an interesting radio program.
B Ask for young people’s suggestions.
C. Use a song to advertise their company.
15. What is good about TV?
A. It is affordable.
B. It is popular with everyone.
C. It can show many ads at the same time.
16. What does the woman think is the best way to make ads?
A. The TV. B. The radio. C. The newspaper.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When should the travelers set off from the hotel?
A. By 10:00. B. By 9:45. C. By 9:30.
18. What should the travelers bring tomorrow?
A. A packed lunch. B. Boat fare. C. A jacket.
19. What can the travelers do at the Golden Gate Park?
A. Do some shopping.
B. Enjoy great painting works.
C. See the international exhibition.
20. Which place will the travelers visit first in the afternoon?
A. Chinatown. B. The Alamo Square. C. The Japanese Tea Garden.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everybody has experienced it at least once—pulling out a favorite item of clothing from the washing machine only to find that it is now shrunken, discolored, or damaged! It is at this point that you wish you had paid more attention to the washing symbols on the care label. Here, we will explain the most common washing instruction symbols on wash care labels.
Wash Symbol
Depicted as a bucket filled with water, the Wash Symbol tells you what temperature or machine setting you should use to wash the item of clothing.
One Dot=30℃ Two Dots=40℃
Three Dots=50℃ Four Dots=60℃
Five Dots=70℃ Six Dots=95℃
Permanent Press
The Permanent Press symbol has one line beneath the standard wash symbol. Permanent Press fabrics have been treated with chemicals to ensure they resist wrinkles and keep their original shapes. If a piece clothing is permanent press, it usually means that you shouldn’t iron it.
Gentle Cycle
The Gentle Cycle symbol has two lines beneath the standard wash symbol. The gentle cycle is for delicate fibres like wool or silk, or for items of clothing that could be damaged by a vigorous (剧烈的) washing.
Do Not Wash
The Do Not Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a cross through it. If the label instructs you not to wash the item, it will have to be dry cleaned after it gets dirty.
Now you’ve got the hang of washing labels; you can put your machine-washable items in the machine.
1. What might have happened if you find your trousers damaged after washing?
A. You were confused about their materials.
B. You forgot setting the machine’s temperature.
C. You paid little attention to the washing symbols.
D. You washed them without any washing powders.
2. What washing symbol can you find on your woolen coat?
A. B. C. D.
3. How do you wash your hat with a cross through it on its washing symbol?
A. Dry it after washing. B. Wash it in the machine.
C. Dry-clean it if it is dirty. D. Get it dried before washing.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了衣物护理标签上的几种洗涤符号的具体含义。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Everybody has experienced it at least once—pulling out a favorite item of clothing from the washing machine only to find that it is now shrunken, discolored, or damaged! It is at this point that you wish you had paid more attention to the washing symbols on the care label. (每个人都经历过至少一次从洗衣机里拿出一件最喜欢的衣服时，却发现它缩水、变色或损坏了！此时，您希望您能更多地注意护理标签上的洗涤符号)”可知，裤子被洗坏，可能是因为在洗涤衣服之前没有怎么注意到护理标签上的洗涤符号。故答案为C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的第三行“The gentle cycle is for delicate fibres like wool or silk, or for items of clothing that could be damaged by a vigorous (剧烈的) washing. (慢水循环适用于像羊毛或丝绸这样的精细纤维，或适用于那些可能被剧烈洗涤损坏的衣物)”可知，毛呢外套上会有Gentle Cycle的标签。故答案为D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的最后一行“The Do Not Wash symbol is the standard wash symbol with a cross through it. If the label instructs you not to wash the item, it will have to be dry cleaned after it gets dirty. (“请勿清洗”符号是标准的清洗符号，中间有一个十字。如果标签指示您不要清洗该物品，则在其变脏后必须进行干洗)”可知，我们需要将带有Do Not Wash符号的帽子进行干洗。故答案为C。
B
As Rena was driving home in the rain. “I can hardly see!” She worried. Just a few miles more, an electrical pole in front of her car was getting bigger and bigger. The car shot forward. Crash! Rena felt the force tear her from the seat. She felt a sharp pain in her lap. “I went through the windshield but I’m alive!” She realized.
Then she heard a sharp crack, looked up and saw the pole had broken in half and was plunging (下落) toward her! But luckily, the pole landed three feet from her head. The broken pole had torn down electrical wires and they were dangling (悬垂) just inches away from her, trapping her in between them! “An electric current... water... if those cables touch me, I’m dead!”
Less than a mile away, New York State highway officer Juan Diaz saw a flash in the sky followed by a loud crack. “Lightning must have hit,” he thought turning his car around. A few minutes later, he saw Rena’s crumpled car. “I’ve got to help this young woman!”
“Are those footsteps?” Rena thought, hope rising as she lay there. Through the cocoon of wires, she saw a blue uniform. “Please help me!” she cried weakly. “Don’t move!” Diaz shouted, “I’m going to get you out!” But how? He worried.
Suddenly, the base of the pole burst into flames! Diaz felt a chill of fear. He knew it carried thousands of volts. He thought of his wife and five-year-old son at home. “But I can’t leave her here,” he thought. In a flash he swallowed his fear and stepped toward Rena. As he did, the powerful current stung his feet. But he didn’t stop.
At that moment, one of the wires jumped, leaving a three-foot opening in the cables around Rena. “Maybe I can drag her through there. It’s the only chance we have.” Cables hissed (发出嘶嘶声) inches from his feet, but Diaz just kept on walking, four steps, then five... finally he was by her side.
“Don’t worry,” he said gently, “We’ll make it.” Diaz grabbed Rena’s ankles, then dragged her through the narrow opening in the tangle of wires. “We’re almost there,” he said over and over. The sureness of his voice checked Rena’s terror.
Suddenly, Diaz took her up in his arms and ran 20 feet more, taking shelter behind the patrol car. “We did it!” he shouted. Just then the transformer exploded, engulfing the area in flames. They both realized: We didn’t have a second to spare.
4. What happened to Rena when driving home?
A. Her car hit an electrical pole.
B. An electrical pole fell onto her car.
C. Her car turned over because of the wet road.
D. Lightning hit her car and threw her onto the ground.
5. When did Rena’s hope rise while lying hurt on the ground?
A. She saw a police car nearby.
B. She heard someone was coming.
C. She realized that the pole hadn’t hit her.
D. She knew the wires didn’t carry electricity.
6. Why did Diaz think of his wife and son when he was about to save Rena?
A. Rena looked like his wife.
B. He missed his wife and his son.
C. He thought it worthless to save Rena.
D. He knew it might cost him his life to save Rena.
7. What were the critical elements for Diaz to save Rena successfully?
A. Diaz’s courage and the strong transformer.
B. Diaz’s boldness and the weak electrical current.
C. Diaz’s carefulness and his electricity-proof uniform.
D. Diaz’s bravery and the narrow opening left by a wire.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rena冒雨开车回家途中，车撞到电线杆上，自己被抛出车外。纽约州高速公路官员Juan Diaz察觉有东西被闪电击中了，赶忙将车掉头查看，发现了Rena处于危险处境，尽管非常害怕，Diaz依然决定要拯救Rena，此时，一根电线弹起，留出了三英尺缺口，使得Diaz可以接近Rena并成功将她营救出来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As Rena was driving home in the rain. “I can hardly see!” She worried. Just a few miles more, an electrical pole in front of her car was getting bigger and bigger. The car shot forward. Crash! (Rena正在冒雨开车回家。“我几乎看不见了！”她担心道。又开了几英里，她车前的电线杆变得越来越大。汽车疾驶向前。撞到了！)”可知，Rena驾车回家时，车撞在了电线杆上。故选A。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““Are those footsteps?” Rena thought, hope rising as she lay there. (“那是脚步声吗？”蕾娜想，她躺在那里，燃起希望)”可知，Rena受伤躺在地上，她听到有人来了的时候，心中燃起了希望。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Suddenly, the base of the pole burst into flames! Diaz felt a chill of fear. He knew it carried thousands of volts. He thought of his wife and five-year-old son at home. (突然，杆子的底部着火了！Diaz感到一阵恐惧。他知道它有几千伏特电压。他想到了家里的妻子和五岁的儿子)”中关键词“burst into flames”、“a chill of fear”和“thousands of volts”可推知，当下处境十分危险，他感到害怕，想到了自己的妻子和儿子。由此推知，他知道救Rena可能会让他付出生命，所以Diaz想到妻子和儿子。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““But I can’t leave her here,” he thought. In a flash he swallowed his fear and stepped toward Rena. As he did, the powerful current stung his feet. But he didn’t stop. (“但我不能把她留在这里，”Diaz想。刹那间，他忍着恐惧，向Rena走去。当他这样做时，强大的电流刺痛了他的脚。但他没有停止)”可知，Diaz克服了自己的恐惧去拯救Rena，所以勇敢是Diaz成功营救Rena的原因之一；根据第六段“At that moment, one of the wires jumped, leaving a three-foot opening in the cables around Rena. “Maybe I can drag her through there. It’s the only chance we have.” (就在那一刻，其中一根电线弹起，在Rena周围的电缆上留下了一个三英尺的缺口。“也许我可以把她拖过去。这是我们唯一的机会。”)”可知，Diaz成功营救Rena的另一个原因是有一个三英尺的缺口，使得Diaz可以接近Rena，把她从危险境地拖了出来。故选D。
C
Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.
This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences on our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories.
You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles, each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM.
The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁剂) — dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM.
We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration (整合) of unassociated information. Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions.
Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we do diet and exercise habits.
8. What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams?
A. They cause chaos. B. They damage immunity.
C. They reveal secrets. D. They mirror reality.
9. Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3?
A. To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep.
B. To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours.
C. To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached.
D. To show people often dream when waking up in the morning.
10. What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5?
A. REM sleep promotes creativity.
B. REM sleep helps fight depression.
C. The brain still receives new information during REM sleep.
D. The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep.
11. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The importance of sleep lies in dreams.
B. The absence of dreams is terrible for us.
C. Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize.
D. Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做梦和睡眠之间的关系，以及不做梦给我们带来的损害，告诉我们要重视睡眠模式。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. (根据卡尔·荣格的说法，梦揭示了在清醒意识中隐藏的一定数量的现实。在荣格哲学中，梦中经历的冲突和混乱最终给我们的生活带来了秩序)”可知，卡尔·荣格认为梦反映事实。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. (你可能认为这只是睡眠问题，但做梦与夜间休息是分不开的)”以及“The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM. (我们睡得越久，在快速眼动阶段（做梦）的时间就越多，这就是为什么我们早上醒来时经常做梦。然而，如果我们的睡眠时间少于7小时，就很难达到这种程度的快速眼动)”可知，我们是否做梦，与睡眠时长及睡眠过程中的快速眼动时间是有直接关系的。由此推知，第三段解释睡眠过程，是为了证明做梦问题和睡眠问题是联系在一起的。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions. (经历了更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更善于解决需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，经历更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更有创造力。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways. (虽然荣格的神秘主义理论是有争议的，但他对做梦的重要性的认识并没有错。越来越多的报告显示，持续缺乏做梦正在从很多方面损害我们清醒的时间)”可知，文章在第一段就指出了做梦很重要，缺乏做梦会给我们带来损害。第二段介绍了缺少做梦会对我们的免疫系统、新陈代谢和记忆造成损害，第四段说睡眠和做梦结合起来可以起到稳定情绪的作用，第五段说我们正以许多方式为缺乏做梦付出代价。由此可知，文章主要讲了不做梦对于我们来说是可怕的。故选B。
D
The image was shocking, and the response was entirely predictable. The photo of a polar bear lying lifeless on a beach—blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body—received immediate criticism globally. On the shore, in the background, stand three guards, talking to each other. One of them has a rifle hanging casually on his shoulder. The feeling was that of complete disregard for the bear and the environment in which it lived. The reality, however, is considerably more complex.
This powerful image has thrown into question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism. Should we be in these environments at all? Are there regions in the world where nature should be left completely untouched? Does our proximity (靠近) to large animals in the wild, frequently fueled by a desire for sensational images, lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact? If that is the case, surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity.
Before answering these questions, we should first consider the incident that has caught global attention. For me, this has struck home. I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot. The bear’s death should never have happened. Was the beach examined from the ship offshore beforehand? Were the clients themselves closely supervised to prevent one becoming isolated? Was there access to flares to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly? These are standard measures for any respected operator. The incident is probably the result of a terrible systemic failure.
Nevertheless, the incident should not deny the value of ecotourism. In its best form, this kind of travel has very little impact, or indeed has a positive effect, on the environment where it takes place. This can be by making financial donations to conservation groups, providing income to local communities, or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals. In Svalbard, visitors become ambassadors for the endangered polar bears, increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger facing them is sea-ice melt in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it operates. Simply closing off these regions is not the answer. The key is responsible engagement and further research before you book that trip. When ecotourism is conducted correctly, the benefits can be direct, immediate, positive and long-lasting.
12. What does the underlined word “response” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Disappointed with the animal not being protected.
B. Surprise at seeing such a big animal.
C. Criticism from across the world.
D. Desire to visit the place.
13. What does the author think about the incident of the polar bear being killed?
A. The bear shouldn’t have been killed at all whatever happened.
B. The incident could have been avoided if dealt with properly.
C. Sensational images shouldn’t be put out to attract people.
D. Access to large animals must be stopped without delay.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards ecotourism?
A. Supportive. B. Opposed.
C. Unconcerned. D. Pessimistic.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Should the sensational images be put out to attract people?
B. Should the visitors carry a rifle when touring?
C. Should the polar bears be killed?
D. Should ecotourism be allowed?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要通过一张“北极熊枪杀照”的讨论引出“生态旅游是否应该开展”这一话题，尽管，针对处理这一事件的方式方法，作者提出了一系列的质疑，但作者在文中肯定了生态旅游的价值所在。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。分析语境可知，后文是对划线句“The image was shocking, and the response was entirely predictable.”的进一步解释。后文“The photo of a polar bear lying lifeless on a beach—blood matting the fur of its neck, with one huge paw folded under its body(照片上，一只北极熊躺在海滩上，毫无生气——血裹着它脖子上的毛，一只巨大的爪子折叠在身体下面)”中解释了令人震惊的图片内容，因此“received immediate criticism globally(立即在全球受到批评)”应是对应“response”这一词，该词应是指“得到的反应”含义，对应语境，即“全球性批判”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容作者表达了北极熊被枪杀事件的一系列质疑，同时结合第三段末尾据内容“The incident is probably the result of a terrible systemic failure.(这一事件很可能是一次严重的系统性失误造成的。)”可知，在作者看来，这次事件有可能是一次系统性失误造成的，在处理措施上不够专业，即，如果有关机构妥善处理了，就不会造成这个事件的发生。故选B项。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Nevertheless, the incident should not deny the value of ecotourism.(然而，这一事件不应否定生态旅游的价值。)”以及末尾段内容“When ecotourism is conducted correctly, the benefits can be direct, immediate, positive and long-lasting.(如果生态旅游经营得当，效益是直接的、立竿见影的、积极的和持久的。)”可知，作者认为生态旅游的价值是不可否认的，如果实施得当，其效益是良好的。由此可推知，作者对生态旅游抱有支持的态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。分析文章内容可知，文章第二段首句“This powerful image has thrown into question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism.(这种强大的形象引发了人们对这种旅游或生态旅游的动机的质疑。)”提出了文章的核心话题，即，文章主要通过这副令人震惊的“北极熊枪杀照”抛出了话题，生态旅游值得与否，并在后文段落进行了详细论述。选项D“Should ecotourism be allowed?(应该允许生态旅游吗?)”贴合主旨。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Realize Your True Potential
Every human being, regardless of race, sex, or any other characteristic, e has the incredible capacity to realize their potential.____16____, there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization.
Determine your core values.In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. ____17____.Studies suggest that you will find your life more meaningful, and feel a deeper sense of happiness, if you live a life that is in line with what's the most important to you.
____18____Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential.Is it personal improvement? More success in your career?
Be patient and kind to yourself____19____More importantly, it will take self-compassion.Acknowledge your strengths and skills as well as the areas in which you need to grow.Honor the efforts you make each day toward realizing your true potential.
Find areas that do not agree with your values.If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values.____20____.
A. If you take it for granted.
B. Though it will be no easy task.
C. Decide what your true potential looks like.
D. Determine whether you have set up your final goals.
E. Achieving your true potential will take time and effort.
F. So see whether these are areas in which you like to change.
G. These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何实现个人的真正潜能提出了几个策略。
【16题详解】
根据下文“there are several steps you can make on your path to this realization (但在实现这一目标的道路上，你可以采取几个步骤)”可知，此处表示转折，内容与实现潜能不是一件容易的任务有关，选项B“Though it will be no easy task. (尽管这不是一件容易的任务)”符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Determine your core values. (确定你的核心价值观。)”和上文“In order to realize your full potential, you must know and live according to your core values. (为了充分发挥自己的潜力，你必须了解自己的核心价值观，并按照自己的价值观生活。)”可知，选项出要说明核心价值观所起的作用，选项G“These are the things that shape how you view yourself, others, and the world around you. (这些价值观塑造了你如何看待自己、他人和你周围的世界。)”符合题意。These指的是values。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Once you have a good idea of your core values and what areas of your life could be, take some time to decide your true potential. (一旦你对自己的核心价值观和生活的方方面面有了很好的认识，花些时间来确定你真正的潜力。)”可知，此处是本段主旨句，内容与确定你真正的潜能有关，选项C“Decide what your true potential looks like. (决定你真正的潜能是什么样子。)”符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Be patient and kind to yourself”耐心点，善待自己。下文“More importantly, it will take self-compassion. (更重要的是，它需要自我同情。)”可知，此处讲实现你真正的潜能所需要的条件。选项E“Achieving your true potential will take time and effort. (实现你真正的潜能需要时间和努力。)”符合题意。与下文为并列关系。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you don't feel like you're living up to your true potential, it could be because parts of your life are currently not up to your core values. (如果你觉得自己没有发挥出真正的潜能，那可能是因为你生活中的某些部分还没有达到你的核心价值观。)”可知，此处内容与上文是因果关系，选项F“So see whether these are areas in which you like to change. (所以看看这些是否是你想要改变的领域。)”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共四节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s often the simple things in life that make the most significant impact on us. It was late one afternoon in mid-September. My three-month-old son was napping in his ____21____. As I wandered through our living room, I happened to ____22____ my balcony window. Puddles (水坑) had ____23____ on the ground and the rain had slowed.
Down below ____24____ a boy of about four. Filled with a mixture of fascination and happiness, he stomped (踩) through the puddle, mud and ____25____ flying. He walked, stomped, splashed through that puddle ____26____, happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him.
Not more than ten feet away stood his mother. She didn’t scold him. ____27____, she watched with a pleasant smile on her face. She showed no ____28____ for a little mud and for the laundry she would later have to do. As for me, it was a(n) ____29____ moment that changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother.
The little boy probably will _____30_____ each afternoon that his mother takes him outside, as he _____31_____. He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him _____32_____ his world. But he will remember that his mother _____33_____ him and he will know that she helps him to learn and grow in a pleasant and fun environment.
Maybe we can all learn from the innocence of _____34_____ that views a rainstorm not as something to run through or to avoid, but something meant to explore, to _____35_____ and to love.
21. A. desk B. bed C. toy D. bench
22. A. jump at B. turn around C. look out of D. stare at
23. A. formed B. left C. saved D. collected
24. A. waved B. trembled C. stood D. slid
25. A. birds B. cars C. ash D. water
26. A. by and by B. more or less C. now and then D. over and over
27. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Also
28. A. concern B. respect C. desire D. interest
29. A. embarrassing B. confusing C. touching D. exhausting
30. A. experience B. remember C. forget D. recall
31. A. grows up B. loses heart C. turns in D. cries out
32. A. visit B. explore C. find D. understand
33. A. loves B. helps C. scolds D. kisses
34. A. youth B. childhood C. majority D. adulthood
35. A. await B. share C. stop D. enjoy
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通常是生活中最简单的事情对我们产生了最重大的影响。作者在雨天见到一个小孩在踩水坑，而他妈妈安静地看着他探索自己的世界。从中作者获得了生活感悟——也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我三个月大的儿子正在床上打盹。A. desk桌子；B. bed床；C. toy玩具；D. bench长凳。根据空前“My three-month-old son was napping”可知，此处指三个月大的儿子正在他的床上打盹。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在穿过客厅时，碰巧朝阳台的窗户往外看。A. jump at急于接受；B. turn around转身；C. look out of向外看； D. stare at凝视。根据上文“As I wandered through our living room”和空后 “my balcony window”可知，作者路过客厅时向窗外望。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨小了，地面上形成了水坑。A. formed形成；B. left留下；C. saved节省；D. collected收集。根据下文“the rain had slowed”可知，因为下雨了，所以在地面上形成了水坑。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下面站着一个大约四岁的男孩。A. waved挥手；B. trembled颤抖；C. stood站着；D. slid滑行。根据下文“Filled with a mixture of fascination and happiness, he stomped (踩) through the puddle”可知，小男孩是站着。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他沉浸在快乐中，在泥坑中跺脚，泥水飞溅。A. birds鸟；B. cars汽车；C. ash灰烬；D. water水。根据前文“he stomped (踩) through the puddle(他踩着泥坑)”可知，这里应为泥和水在飞溅。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他走着，跺着脚，在水坑里一次又一次地溅着水，高兴地享受着大自然留给他的一切。A. by and by不久；B. more or less或多或少；C. now and then时而；D. over and over反反复复。根据下文“happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him.”可知，小男孩沉浸在踩泥坑的欢乐，所以此处指小男孩一遍遍反反复复地在水坑里玩耍。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带愉快的微笑看着。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Also而且。根据上文“She didn’t scold him.”及下文“she watched with a pleasant smile on her face”可知，此处与所表述的“微笑看着”是对比关系，指小男孩的妈妈没有责骂他。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对一点点泥和以后要洗的衣服毫不担心。A. concern担心；B. respect尊重；C. desire愿望；D. interest兴趣。根据上文“She didn’t scold him. ____7____, she watched with a pleasant smile on her face.”可知，男孩的妈妈对一点点泥和以后要洗的衣服毫不担心。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一个感人的时刻，改变了我对母亲角色的看法。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. touching感人的； D. exhausting令人精疲力竭的。根据空后“that changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother”可知，作者通过所见改变了对母亲角色的看法。由此可知，她看到小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑受到了感触，对她来说，这是一个感人的时刻。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. experience经历；B. remember记得；C. forget忘记； D. recall回忆。根据下文“He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him ____12____ his world.”可知，此处指他可能会忘记。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着小男孩的成长，他可能会忘记每天下午他妈妈都会带他出去。A. grows up成长；B. loses heart灰心；C. turns in上床睡觉；D. cries out喊叫。根据下文“He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him ____12____ his world.”可知，随着他的长大他可能会记不得一些事情。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能不记得每次妈妈让他探索自己的世界时发生的每一件小事。A. visit参观；B. explore探索；C. find发现；D. understand理解。根据语境可知，小男孩妈妈任由其玩泥坑，是为了让他探索这个世界。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他会记得，他的妈妈爱他，他会知道她帮助他在一个愉快和有趣的环境中学习和成长。A. loves爱；B. helps帮助；C. scolds责骂；D. kisses亲吻。根据空后“he will know that she helps him to learn and grow in a pleasant and fun environment.”可知，此处指小男孩的妈妈爱他。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. youth年轻；B. childhood童年；C. majority大部分；D. adulthood成年。根据文章叙述的主人公为“a little boy”及本句中的“innocence天真”可知，“childhood童年”符合语境。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我们都可以从童年的纯真中学习，童年的纯真并不认为暴风雨是一种需要跑过去或避免的东西，而是一种可以探索、享受和喜爱的东西。A. await等待；B. share分享；C. stop停止；D. enjoy享受。根据本句中“not...but...”意为“不是……而是……”可知，此处应与上文中的“to run through or to avoid”形成对比，enjoy意为“享受”与explore和love并列，符合语境和句意。故选D。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we are healthy, breathing happens ____36____ (nature) without much effect on our part. The human respiratory (呼吸的) system works hard to keep ____37____ (we) alive. It is working every minute of the day. A muscle called the diaphragm (隔膜) separates the chest and abdominal cavities (腔). As we breathe in, the diaphragm tightens. The chest cavity ____38____ (open), and the lungs expand. When we breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, ____39____ (push) air out.
Deep breathing helps our body fully exchange incoming oxygen with outgoing carbon dioxide ____40____ many people do the opposite of deep breathing: They take short and shallow breaths. Shallow breathing limits the ____41____ (expand) and movement of the diaphragm.
To try deep breaths, we can find a place ____42____ (sit) or lie down. Place one hand just below our ribs and take ____43____ slow and deep breath through our noses. We will feel our hands go up as our stomachs rise and expand. If ____44____ (do) repeatedly, breathing exercises can help remove disgusting air from the lungs, _____45_____ will increase oxygen levels and get the diaphragm to return to its job of helping us breathe.
【答案】36. naturally
37. us 38. opens
39. pushing
40. but##yet
41. expansion
42. to sit 43. a
44. done 45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种健康的呼吸方式——深呼吸。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：当我们健康的时候，呼吸是自然发生的，对我们没有太大的影响。此处修饰动词happens，应用副词，作状语。故填naturally。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：人类的呼吸系统努力工作以维持我们的生命。此处为动词keep的宾语，应用宾格。故填us。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：胸腔打开，肺部扩张。根据上下文可知，此处描述方式方法，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填opens。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们呼气时，隔膜放松并向上移动，将空气推出。分析句子可知，逗号后为非谓语动词，动词push和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表示自然结果。故填pushing。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：深呼吸可以帮助我们的身体充分交换吸入的氧气和排出的二氧化碳，但许多人做的与深呼吸相反：他们的呼吸短而浅。后文many people do the opposite of deep breathing: They take short and shallow breaths和前文之间存在转折关系，应用连词but或yet连接。故填but或yet。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：浅呼吸限制了隔膜的扩张和运动。此处与movement是并列宾语，应用名词expansion，不可数名词。故填expansion。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：要尝试深呼吸，我们可以找个地方坐下或躺下。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式，作后置定语修饰名词place。故填to sit。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：将一只手放在肋骨下方，用鼻子缓慢地深呼吸。take a breath是固定短语，且slow发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果反复做，呼吸练习可以帮助清除肺部令人作呕的空气，这将增加氧气水平，使隔膜恢复帮助我们呼吸的工作。此处为省略的状语从句，非谓语动词do和主语breathing exercises之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填done。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果反复做，呼吸练习可以帮助清除肺部令人作呕的空气，这将增加氧气水平，使隔膜恢复帮助我们呼吸的工作。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面主句部分，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，是一名高中学生。最近，你校广播站面向全体学生招募一名英语播音员（announcer），你很感兴趣，想尝试一下。根据下面要点写一封申请信。
1.自我介绍及写信目的；
2.自身优势；
3.希望被录取。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr. Li,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
Dear Mr. Li,
I’m Li Hua, a student in our school. Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer, I’m writing to apply for the position.
I am passionate about broadcasting. I have received some professional training in my spare time. More importantly, I have rich experience. In addition, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. So I firmly believe I am highly qualified for the job. If admitted, I will go all out to serve the students.
I sincerely hope you can give me a chance. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Mr. Li写封申请信，申请成为校广播站的英语播音员，在信中介绍自己，讲述写信目的和自身优势，并表达期望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找/招聘：look for→recruit/want
对……有热情：be passionate about→have a passion for/ be enthusiastic about
精通：have a good command of→be skilled in/ be proficient in
适合：be qualified for→be suitable for
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I have received some professional training in my spare time. More importantly, I have rich experience.
拓展句：Not only have I received some professional training in my spare time, but also I have rich experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer, I’m writing to apply for the position.（运用了现在分词作原因状语，且该结构中that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】If admitted, I will go all out to serve the students.（“If admitted”为省略句结构作条件状语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a single mother in my 30s who lived down and out with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment, struggling hard to make our needs meet.
One day, I headed to the downtown for an interview. I sat down in the streetcar, and there against the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle decorated with gold scrolls, among which there was a name carved.
On impulse(冲动) I determined to find the owner myself. I got off the streetcar in the heavy rain and thankfully opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name, I found it immediately and called it, waiting patiently, and then a lady answered.
"Yes, “she said in surprise, with extreme excitement." It was my umbrella which had been stolen a year ago.”
So appealing was her pleasure that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house. She took the umbrella, with teary eyes, explaining with choking voice that the umbrella was given by her parents, now dead, Her happiness at retrieving(找回)this special possession was such that to have accepted her reward would have spoiled something, so I refused her offer and left.
The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. What was worse, I had just lost my last job before Christmas, with only fifteen dollars left. Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless and jobless. I had prayed steadily for weeks, and there had been no answer but this coldness and darkness.
The air was full of Christmas merriment, with the bells ringing and children shouting in the bitter dusk of the evening. But there should be no Christmas for me, I knew, no gifts, no remembrance whatsoever.
Thinking of this, I couldn’t control my tears on my way home, but I managed a smile so could greet my little daughter. She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift. There I stood, frozen, overwhelmed by misery.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus. Then I heard man talking heartily to her and went to the door, He was a delivery man, and his arms were full of parcels. “This is a mistake, " I said, but he read the name on the parcels and they were for me. When he had gone, I didn't know what to do. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other. What a surprise! I looked for the name of the sender.
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes. I picked up the note, which read "Thanks for returning of the umbrella. Merry Christmas! ""It was sent by the lady. Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading through my body. On that cold Christmas, I forgot I had no money for the rent and only fifteen dollars in my pocket. We just sat in our small apartment unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个30多岁的单身母亲，在去面试路上的电车里捡到一把伞，并根据伞上信息，找到伞的而主人，将伞物归原主并且拒绝了酬谢。接下来，这位母亲在穷困潦倒的生活中迎来了圣诞节，却苦于没有钱付房租以及买食物、送礼物给女儿的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，门铃响了，佩吉急忙去开门，说一定是圣诞老人。”可知，第一段可先描写门打开后，这位母亲看到的确有送包裹之人后的疑惑以及她和女儿确定包裹是给她们时的惊喜。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，贴在一个包裹上的一张纸条吸引了我的目光”可知，第二段可描写这位母亲发现这个包裹的寄送人是其之前所归还伞的主人，以及这个人的此番举动为这对母女在寒冷的圣诞节带来的温暖和希望。
2.续写线索：收到包裹——感到困惑和惊喜——发现纸条——感到温暖和希望
3.词汇激活
动作类
①收到礼物：heard man talking heartily to her/went to the door
②读便条：pick up the note/read
情绪类
①.热情：heartily/ kindly
②.幸福：satisfaction/ contentment/ happiness/ fulfilment/ happiness
【点睛】
[高分句型]. Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa
Claus.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作非谓语动词calling的宾语）
[高分句型2]. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
（由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other.
（非谓语之现在分词的熟练运用）
听力答案：1-5 CAABC 6-10 BABCC 11-15 ABCCB 16-20 ACCBB
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