Unit 5 单元话题短文首字母填空练习-2022-2023学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

这是一份Unit 5 单元话题短文首字母填空练习-2022-2023学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版），共10页。
Unit 5 Wild animals单元话题短文首字母填空练习（2021·江苏盐城·八年级期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词, 使短文意思完整。Bats usually live in dark and wet places with all kinds of viruses(病毒). They always enjoy living in groups. When bats fly, their body temperature can reach as h____1____ as 40℃. Such temperature can kill weak viruses, but s____2____ ones will live on and c____3____ to become newer and more powerful (强大的). Bats have special systems of their own that let them live with viruses w____4____ getting sick. Since they can fly, bats can spread viruses much farther and q____5____ than other animals. The animals are just like humans. The similar genes (基因) make it easier for u____6____ to become infected (感染的) with the same viruses. Wild animals c____7____ many viruses, but it doesn’t m____8____ that we should treat them as ghosts. Each kind of animal plays a role in nature and all of them are i____9____ for keeping a good balance (平衡). What we should learn is to p____10____ animals and to live in harmony (和谐)with them, instead of hunting, killing or eating them. （2022·江苏·镇江第一外国语学校八年级）While Tom and Mary were on holiday at the seaside(海鸥)，they enjoyed w___11___ the seagulls(海鸥). They learned a l___12___ about these lovely birds. They will often come c___13___ to you when you are eating something. If you throw pieces of bread to them, they will at once pick them up.Seagulls swim very w___14___, but they don’t often dive for fish. They are good at f___15___ with their wings. When a seagull is in the s___16___, he puts his legs under his body. Tom often watched them come to the ground. The seagulls beat(击打) the air w____17____ their wings and brought down their feet before they touched the ground. Mary liked to s___18___ them gliding(滑翔) over the water as they often do, without m___19___ their wings, but she said she didn’t like the n____20____ they make. （2021·江苏·镇江第一外国语学校八年级）Which animal do we need m___21___? Dogs? Horses? No! The a___22___ to the question is cows. Why cows? Cows give us milk. And milk is one of our most important k___23___ of food.Suppose (假设) that all the milk cows make in one year were put i___24___ bottles. And suppose these bottles were put side by side. The line of bottles would go all around the world 400 t___25___. That is a lot of milk, less than half of it is used for d___26___ and cooking. Most of it is u___27___ to make butter cheese, ice cream and many other things. It takes many cows to give us that m___28___ milk. But not as many as it used to. A cow used to give only about 1,500 quarts (夸脱) of milk a year. Now a fine cow may g___29___ more than 3,000 quarts in a year.Why do cows give more milk today? Now farmers have better cows. The cows get better c____30____ and better food. （2020·江苏·镇江第一外国语学校八年级）Rottnest IslandYesterday we went over to Rottnest Island. Rottnest is a beautiful place. It’s a nature park, s____31____ there’s no hunting or shooting or camping. Some kinds of fishing are allowed, however, and it’s a great place to swim. It’s a great place f____32____ bird watching and whale watching in the winter.It looks like a s____33____ place. All the old forests were cut down long ago, so the island is covered in g____34____ and bushes. There are many salt lakes. I read in the guidebook that there are a lot of shrimps（小虾） in these lakes and of course the b____35____ love them.Most people come to see the quokkas, which are a kind of wallaby. That is h____36____ the island got its name: Rottnest(rats’ nest). The quokkas live in holes in the g____37____ during most of the day and are as big as a hare. Wallabies k____38____ their young in a pouch for about two months, jutst like kangaroos. It sounds like a very easy life for the young wallaby!The problem with the quokkas is that they will eat anything green;they e____39____ love the leaves of young trees. The West Australia National Parks are doing a lot of conservation work on the island. They are planting new forests; these are separated from the r______40______ of the island by strong fences. （2022·江苏·扬州中学教育集团树人学校八年级单元测试）根据内容及首字母提示完成短文。We are beautiful red-crowned cranes. We have red caps on top of our heads. You may think the caps are our f____41____. In fact, they are combs (冠). We are one of the l____42____ birds in size in the world. We are the heaviest cranes. An adult red-crowned crane can w____43____ up to 11 kilograms. We are good at dancing. I think we are the most beautiful dancers of all the birds. We are also good s____44____. We sing loudly and beautifully. We are good at flying as well, we fly to warm East Asia when s____45____ comes. We give birth to baby cranes there. We like to live together on wetlands in Southwest China and some other places. We f____46____ on worms and small fish. We like to live in long grasses. Water and grasses are i____47____ for us. But sometimes, life is harder these years. We are one of the most endangered(濒危的) birds in the world now. People k____48____ taking our living areas to make farms and build houses. Now we don’t have enough s____49____ to live. And we don’t have e____50____ food to feed our babies because people fish and hunt too much. （2022·江苏镇江·八年级期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词填在答题卡的相应位置。Today I’m here to talk about noise pollution. Not all noise is noise pollution. Noise becomes noise pollution when it begins to harm human and animal life or when it’s not n____51____.E____52____ of noise pollution include the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes. When you stand near a busy road, sometimes the noise can hurt your ears. And people l____53____ near airports often find it difficult to sleep. Noise pollution can also be from machines. We often use very noisy machines around the house or at our jobs. Factory noise is also a big problem. Finally, sometimes loud music can be a form of noise pollution. For example, the music from a club or from your next-door n____54____.We might think that noise pollution is just a small problem, but actually it can be d____55____. Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution. What’s worse, when people l____56____ sleep because of noise pollution, they become careless. This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt or e____57____ killed. Finally, noise makes people feel stress. This can lead to heart disease.What can we do about the problem of noise pollution? We need stronger l____58____ against loud noises. The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports to p____59____ people from the noise. Finally, we can all help with the problem of noise pollution by turning down our music and TVs, and using a s____60____ voice when we talk. （2022·江苏连云港·八年级期末）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。When Boyan was 16 years old, he was diving in a sea. He was surprised to see more plastic bags than fish in the sea. He made up his m____61____ to clean up the ocean. However, everyone told him that he could do n____62____ if plastic bags went into the ocean. The teenager didn’t give up. He s____63____ several months studying plastic pollution. At last, he came up w____64____ a science project to collect the waste. What’s more, the collected plastic bags can be recycled and made into products or oil. He won many p____65____ for the project, but that was not enough for him. He wanted to clean up the ocean to make our world a better place. 
参考答案： 1．(h)igh    2．(s)trong    3．(c)ontinue    4．(w)ithout    5．(q)uicker    6．(u)s    7．(c)arry    8．(m)ean    9．(i)mportant    10．(p)rotect【分析】本文讲述的是蝙蝠携带的病毒为什么会进化，我们人类为什么容易感染，蝙蝠为什么感染性那么强。最后指出，我们应该尊重保护动物。1．句意：蝙蝠飞的时候，它们的体温高达40摄氏度。as...as意为“和……一样”，as...as中间加形容词副词的原形，“ their body temperature can reach as...as 40℃”可知，这里填填副词high，意为“高”；as high as 40℃高达40摄氏度。故填(h)igh。2．句意：这样的温度可以杀死弱病毒，但强大的病毒将继续生存，并继续变得更新和更强大。由weak viruses以及空前面的but转折关系，可知这里表示“强大的病毒会生存下来”。strong意为“强大的”，修饰ones；故填(s)trong。3．句意：这样的温度可以杀死弱病毒，但强大的病毒将继续生存，并继续变得更新和更强大。will后面加动词原形，构成一般将来时，and并列两个动词原形，根据“ but...ones will live on and...to become newer and more powerful (强大的).”以及首字母c，可知这里填动词continue，意为“持续，继续”，符合题意。故填(c)ontinue。4．句意：蝙蝠有自己的特殊系统，可以与病毒共存而不会生病。根据“let them live with viruses”可知，蝙蝠可以与病毒共存，不会生病；根据首字母w，可知这里填without，意为“没有”。故填(w)ithout。5．句意：由于蝙蝠能飞，它们能比其他动物传播病毒更远更快。由than可知，这里构成形容词或者副词的比较级；根据“bats can spread viruses much farther and...than other animals.”以及首字母q，可知这里填副词quick的比较级，表示“病毒传播得比其他动物又远又快”。故天(q)uicker。6．句意：相似的基因让我们更容易被用同样的病毒感染。根据“The similar genes (基因) make it easier for... to become infected (感染的) with the same viruses.”以及首字母可知u可知，这里填人称代词宾格us，意为“我们”，表示“对于我们来讲，更容易感染病毒”。故填(u)s。7．句意：野生动物都会携带很多病毒，但是这并不意味着我们应该把它们当成鬼魂来看待。Wild animals是主语，后接动词作谓语，根据首字母提示以及“Wild animals...many viruses”可知，这里填carry符合题意，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数形式。故填(c)arry。8．句意：野生动物都会携带很多病毒，但是这并不意味着我们应该把它们当成鬼魂来看待。doesn’t助动词后面加动词原形，根据“but it doesn’t ...that we should treat them as ghosts.”以及首字母m，可知这里填mean，意为“意味着”。故填(m)ean。9．句意：每种动物在自然界中都扮演着角色，它们对保持良好的平衡都很重要。are后面加形容词作表语，根据“Each kind of animal plays a role in nature”以及首字母i，可知动物对于保持平衡很重要。所以填important，形容词，意为“重要的”。故填(i)mportant。10．句意：我们应该学会的是保护动物和它们和谐相处，而不是猎杀或吃掉它们。to do不定式放在be动词后面作表语，所以空上填动词原形；根据“instead of hunting, killing or eating them.”表示，不要猎杀或者吃掉动词，我们要保护他们。protect是动词，意为“保护”。故填(p)rotect。 11．(w)atching    12．(l)ot    13．(c)lose    14．(w)ell    15．(f)lying    16．(s)ky    17．(w)ith    18．(s)ee    19．(m)oving    20．(n)oise【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了汤姆和玛丽在海边度假，他们喜欢看海鸥，并且他们了解到许多关于海鸥的情况。11．句意：他们喜欢看海鸥。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”；根据下文“They will often come …to you when you are eating something. If you throw pieces of bread to them, they will at once pick them up.”可知，此处是他们喜欢看海鸥，watch是动词，观看。故填(w)atching。12．句意：他们对这些可爱的鸟了解很多。learn a lot about…“对……有很好的了解”。他们观察海鸥，对他们有很多了解。故填(l)ot。13．句意：当你吃东西的时候，它们常常会靠近你。根据“when you are eating something.”可知，此处是当你吃东西时，他们会靠近你。故填(c)losee。14．句意：海鸥游泳很好。根据“but they don’t often dive for fish.”可知，此处是海鸥游泳很好，此处是副词修饰动词，well是副词，好地，修饰动词，故填(w)ell。15．句意：他们擅长用翅膀飞行。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，根据“with their wings”可知，此处是擅长用翅膀飞行。故填(f)lying。16．句意：当海鸥在空中时，他把腿放在身体下面。根据下文“he puts his legs under his body.”可知，此处是在空中飞的时候，sky是名词，飞行，in the sky“在空中”。故填(s)ky。17．句意：海鸥用翅膀拍打着空气，在触地前把脚放下。根据“their wings”可知，此处是用他们的翅膀，此处用介词with“用……”，故填(w)ith。18．句意：玛丽喜欢看到它们像往常一样在水面上滑行，不动翅膀。like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”。see是动词，看，see sb. doing sth.“看某人做某事”。故填(s)ee。19．句意：玛丽喜欢看到它们像往常一样在水面上滑行，不动翅膀。without是介词，没有，后加动名词，此处是不移动翅膀，move是动词，移动，此处用动名词，故填(m)oving。20．句意：但她说她不喜欢他们发出的噪音。根据“they make”可知，在这里是定语从句，修饰名词，noise是名词，噪音，此处是他们制造的噪音。短语make noise“制造噪音”，故填(n)oise。 21．(m)ost    22．(a)nswer    23．(k)inds    24．(i)nto    25．(t)imes    26．(d)rinking    27．(u)sed    28．(m)uch    29．(g)ive    30．(c)are【分析】牛是人们最需要的动物。奶牛贡献给我们牛奶。牛奶是我们的最重要的食品之一。不到一半是用于饮用和烹饪。大部分是用来做奶油奶酪，冰淇淋和许多其他的东西。21．句意：哪种动物是我们最需要的？根据“Dogs? Horses? No! The ... to the question is cows.”可知问那种最需要，most最。故填(m)ost。22．句意：对该问题的回答是牛。根据“to the question”可知是问题的答案，answer回答，答案；根据“is”可知用单数。故填(a)nswer。23．句意：牛奶是我们的最重要的食品之一。根据“one of”可知填名词复数，kinds of种类。故填(k)inds。24．句意：假设把所有的奶牛在一年内生产的牛奶都装到瓶里。put into放入……里。故填(i)nto。25．句意：一整条瓶子可以绕世界400圈。根据“The line of bottles would go all around the world 400 t...”可知这条线能绕世界400圈，结合首字母t可知用time表示“次，回”，符合语境；400后用其复数形式。故填(t)imes。26．句意：不到一半是用于饮用和烹饪。根据“That is a lot of milk”可知牛奶是用来喝的，drink喝，for后接其动名词形式。故填(d)rinking。27．句意：大部分是用来做奶油奶酪、冰淇淋和许多其他的东西。be used to do sth.被用来做某事。故填(u)sed。28．句意：我们需要许多头奶牛才能产那么多牛奶。根据“It takes many cows”可知能产出很多牛奶，much很多，修饰不可数名词milk。故填(m)uch。29．句意：现在的一头好奶牛一年可生产超过3000夸脱的牛奶。根据“A cow used to give only about 1,500 quarts of milk a year.”可知用give表示“产生”，may后接其原形。故填(g)ive。30．句意：奶牛可以得到更好的照料和更好的食物。根据“Why do cows give more milk today?”可知能产更多牛奶是因为得到了更好的照料，结合首字母c可知用care表示“照料”，不可数名词。故填(c)are。 31．so    32．for    33．strange    34．grass    35．birds    36．how    37．ground    38．keep    39．especially    40．rest【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了罗特尼斯特岛，介绍了岛上可以进行那些活动，岛上有哪些生物，特别介绍了一种短尾矮袋鼠，介绍了它的外形，习性。31．句意：这是一个自然公园，所以没有狩猎，射击或露营。根据“It’s a nature park”可知，此处是表示因果关系，用so连接。故填so。32．句意：冬天是观鸟和观鲸的好地方。根据“bird watching and whale watching in the winter.”可知，此处是对于观鸟和观鲸，它是一个好地方。此处用介词，for是介词，对于，故填for。33．句意：看起来是个奇怪的地方。根据“All the old forests were cut down long ago, so the island is covered in … and bushes. There are many salt lakes.”可知，此处是这是一个奇怪的地方。故填strange。34．句意：所以岛上长满了草和灌木。根据“and bushes”可知，此处是岛上长满了草和灌木。grass是不可数名词，草。故填grass。35．句意：我在旅游指南上看到，这些湖里有很多虾，当然鸟也喜欢它们。根据“I read in the guidebook that there are a lot of shrimps（小虾） in these lakes”可知，此处是这里的鸟也很喜欢它们。bird是名词，鸟。此处用复数形式，故填birds。36．句意：这就是那个岛的名字的由来：Rottnest（老鼠的巢穴）。根据“Most people come to see the quokkas, which are a kind of wallaby.”可知，此处是说那就是那个岛如何来的。此处是how引导的宾语从句，怎样，故填how。37．句意：短尾袋鼠一天中大部分时间都住在地上的洞里，它们像野兔一样大。根据“and are as big as a hare.”可知，此处是它们和野兔一样大，大部分时间住在洞里。the加名词，ground是名词，地面。故填ground。38．句意：小袋鼠和袋鼠的一样，把幼崽放在育儿袋里大约两个月。keep是动词，保持，keep+宾语+介词短语，表示“保持……在……”，根据语境是一般现在时态，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填keep。39．句意：它们特别喜欢幼树的叶子。根据“love the leaves of young trees”可知，此处是它们尤其喜欢幼树的叶子。故填especially。40．句意：这些用坚固的珊栏与岛屿的其余部分隔开。根据“They are planting new forests”及“by strong fences.”可知，此处是这些用坚固的珊栏与其他部分隔开。the rest of…“……的剩余部分”。故填rest。 41．feathers     42．largest    43．weigh    44．singers    45．spring    46．feed    47．important    48．keep    49．space    50．enough【分析】本文主要以丹顶鹤语气介绍了自己。丹顶鹤头上戴着红帽子。那是冠。丹顶鹤是世界上体型最大的鸟之一。一只成年丹顶鹤可以重达11公斤。擅长跳舞和唱歌，以蠕虫和小鱼为食，喜欢住在长草里，是世界上最濒危的鸟类之一。人们不断地利用我们的生活区来制造农场和建造房屋。现在丹顶鹤没有足够的生存空间。由于人们捕鱼和狩猎太多，丹顶鹤没有足够的食物来喂养他们的孩子。41．句意：你可能认为帽子是我们的羽毛。our我们的，形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词，根据caps结合句意可知表语名词是复数。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是feathers。42．句意：我们是世界上体型最大的鸟之一。One of：…之一，后面跟可数名词复数，修饰名词的形容词一般使用最高级，结合the（形容词最高级前加the）可知使用形容词最高级。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是largest。43．句意：一只成年丹顶鹤可以重达11公斤。情态动词can后面跟动词原形；结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是weigh。44．句意：我们也是好歌手。根据下文We sing loudly and beautifully.（我们唱得又大声又优美。）可知此句是“我们也是好歌手。”根据主语we可知表语名词使用复数。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是singers。45．句意：我们也擅长飞行，当春天来临时，我们飞到温暖的东亚。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是spring     。46．句意：我们以蠕虫和小鱼为食。本句时态是一般现在时，主语we复数，谓语动词使用原形。feed on：以…为食；结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是feed。47．句意：水和草对我们很重要。本句是主系表结构，一般形容词做表语。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是important（重要的，形容词）。48．句意：人们不断地利用我们的生活区来制造农场和建造房屋。本句时态是一般现在时，主语people复数，谓语动词使用原形。短语keep doing sth.：一直做某事，不断做某事。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是keep。49．句意：现在我们没有足够的生活空间。Have有，实意动词，后面跟名词或代词做宾语，enough足够的，形容词，修饰名词放在名词前，结合句意可知填名词。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是space（空间，不可数名词）。50．句意：而且我们没有足够的食物来喂养我们的孩子，因为人们捕鱼和狩猎太多。enough足够的，形容词，修饰名词放在名词前。结合句意和首字母提示可知答案是enough。【点睛】首先猜测句意，利用语法和短语，动词搭配等解题。考查动词形式变化。1.动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语动词的变化，有非谓语动词的变化。 2.考查名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。3.考查代词形式变化。人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词等。4. 考查形容词副词形式变化。形容词修饰名词或作表语。副词修饰动词，形容词副词介词或整个句子；形容词副词形式变化有原级比较级最高级。 5.考查数词变化。数词有基数词和序数词，单位数词。6.考查词性转换。 7.考查介词或冠词等虚词。根据句意和介词和冠词等使用方法解题。 51．(n)ecessary    52．(E)xamples    53．(l)iving    54．(n)eighbor##(n)eighbour    55．(d)angerous    56．(l)ose    57．(e)ven    58．(l)aws    59．(p)rotect    60．(s)ofter##(s)oft【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了噪音污染的来源，危害以及解决措施。51．句意：当噪声开始危害人类和动物的生命时，或者当没有必要时，噪声就成为噪声污染。根据上文“when it begins to harm human and animal life”以及首字母可知，此处是指什么情况下变成噪音污染，因此表达当它不“必要的”时候。故填(n)ecessary。52．句意：噪音污染的例子包括汽车、公共汽车、卡车、火车和飞机的声音。根据“the sounds of cars, buses, lorries, trains and planes.”可知，此处是举例来说噪音污染有哪些，根据首字母提示，example表示“例子”，为可数名词，此处用复数。故填(E)xamples。53．句意：居住在机场附近的人们经常觉得很难入睡。根据“people ... near airports”及首字母可知，此处表达居住在机场附近的人们，live表示“居住”，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰people。故填(l)iving。54．句意：例如，来自一个俱乐部或从你的隔壁邻居的音乐。根据“from your next-door”及首字母可知，此处表示的是“邻居”。故填(n)eighbo(u)r。55．句意：我们也许认为噪音污染只是小问题，但是事实上它是由危险的。根据下文“Some people have become deaf because of noise pollution”可知，此处是说噪音污染是有危险的，be动词后跟形容词，dangerous表示“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。56．句意：更糟糕的是，当人们因为噪音污染而失眠时，就会变得粗心大意。根据“because of noise pollution, they become careless.”以及首字母可知，此处表达失去睡眠，lose表示“失去”，句子为一般现在时，people为复数。故填(l)ose。57．句意：这可能导致事故，人们可能受伤甚至死亡。根据上文“This can lead to accidents, and people can get hurt”以及首字母可知，此处应用程度副词表达“甚至”。故填(e)ven。58．句意：我们需要更强有力的法律来反对噪音。根据下文“The government also needs to put up walls”可知，此处用law表示“法律”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填(l)aws。59．句意：政府也需要张贴在紧挨道路和机场的墙上来保护人们免受噪音的危害。根据“The government also needs to put up walls next to roads and airports”可知，此处是指保护人们免受噪音的伤害，protect表示“保护”，to后跟动词原形。故填(p)rotect。60．句意：最后，我们都可以通过调低音乐和电视的音量，以及说话时使用（更）柔和的声音来帮助解决噪音污染问题。根据“ we can all help with the problem of noise pollution ... voice when we talk.”可知，此处表达更柔和或者柔和的声音来解决噪音污染，soft表示“柔和的”，此处既可以用原级也可以用比较级。故填(s)ofter/(s)oft。61．(m)ind    62．(n)othing    63．(s)pent    64．(w)ith    65．(p)rizes【导语】本文介绍了青少年Boyan为清理海洋塑料垃圾所做的努力以及他取得的成果。61．句意：他下定决心要清理海洋。根据“…to clean up the ocean.”可知，他下决心清理海洋垃圾，make up one’s mind“下定决心，决定”。故填(m)ind。62．句意：然而，每个人都告诉他，如果塑料袋掉进海里，他什么也做不了。根据“The teenager didn’t give up.”可知，虽然大家都说他什么也做不了，但他没有放弃，nothing“没有什么”符合语境。故填(n)othing。63．句意：他花了几个月的时间研究塑料污染。根据“He s… several months studying plastic pollution.”可知，句型是：主语+spend+时间段+doing sth。spend“花费”，描述过去的事情用一般过去时。故填(s)pent。64．句意：最后，他提出了一个收集垃圾的科学项目。come up with“提出，想出”，规定短语。故填(w)ith。65．句意：他为这个项目赢得了许多奖项，但这对他来说还不够。“many”修饰可数名词复数，根据“won”和首字母可知，是赢得了许多奖项，prizes“奖项”。故填(p)rizes。