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2021-2022学年新疆哈密市第八中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年新疆哈密市第八中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共31页。试卷主要包含了25=150分），30pm－1，00pm-7，00pm-11等内容，欢迎下载使用。
哈密市八中2021－2022学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
（考试时间100分钟 试卷分值120*1.25=150分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What’s On?
Electric Underground
7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.
Gee Whizz
830pm-10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian(喜剧演员) on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simon’s Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1 Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.
2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A. The Cyclops Theatre B. Kaleidoscope
C. Victoria Stage D. Pizza World
3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?
A. It requires membership status. B. It lasts three hours each time.
C. It is run by a comedy club. D. It is held every Wednesday.
4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A. 5.00pm-7.30pm. B. 7.30pm－1.00am.
C. 8.00pm-11.00pm. D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.
B
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的 ) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.
B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.
C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.
D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.
6. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A. Those that have more experience.
B. Those that can avoid potential risks.
C. Those that like to work independently.
D. Those that feel anxious about learning.
7. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.
D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.
8. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A. storing information
B learning from each other
C. understanding different people
D. travelling between social groups
C
A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who,in"On Nature",disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However,Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election?Television shows like "The Daily Show" have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by unconsciously inputting politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group "The Pussycat Dolls",describing their hit song "Don't Cha" as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity（粗俗）and racism,but, like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at timesall I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.
With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
9. Hobbes believes that humor_______.
A. resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings
B. was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better
C. had the power to mirror personal glory and national values
D. was for people to view the world from another angle
10. What is the author's attitude towards political humor?
A Worried B. Disappointed
C. Curious D. Appreciative
11. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly______.
A. by process B. by example
C. by comparison D. by classification
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at
B. The author feels helpless and sad about getting older
C. Never be the one who laughs at other people
D. The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.
D
All day long, litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.That's potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people.
A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin Madison, Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye opening and exciting”.
Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统). What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept, fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake.
Other studies had shown that during waking hours, brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which causes people to lose the ability to think, learn and remember.
Once mice fell asleep, fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”, Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells, it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up.
The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake, the cells swelled, lessening the fluid's flow.
The newfound house cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study, noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.
The new discovery also may help scientists solve an age old mystery：Why do animals sleep？Every animal does it.Without it, they die, although no one knows why.Some studies suggest that the brain solidifies memories during sleep.However, Nedergaard notes, “You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”
13. According to the text, Maiken's discovery was________.
A. a real surprise B. a natural result
C. a big reward D. a personal purpose
14. When we are awake, ________.
A. brain cells take in more proteins
B. litter of proteins build up in our brains
C. fluids in the brain continue flowing
D. our brains have more fluids flow
15. From what Houzel said, we know the space between brain cells________.
A. is in fact a kind of space
B. has ever been carefully studied
C. used to be regarded as unimportant
D. is where litter is stored in the end
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
Have you heard statements like “If you love me, you would do this for me” or “You should be ashamed of yourself”？Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.
Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time. ____17____ To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：
Know the past can’t be changed.
Whatever happened or whatever you did in the past, you can’t remove or change it by feeling guilty. If you cry and shout, you will not make the past different. It is better to concentrate on the present. ____18____
____19____
If you hurt someone while not meaning it, apologize for what you have said or done and then forgive yourself. What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.
Let the people you deal with know you are not easy to feel guilty.
If your boss gives you a hard time because you don’t work overtime and starts saying that there is no money award for you to make you feel guilty, then you can say things like “That is perfectly fine. I will get the award next time.”
____20____ Don’t deny guilt or run away from it. Analyze it and deal with it. No matter how much time you spend feeling guilty, you are not going to be able to change it.
A. You have to face guilt to overcome it.
B. Try to learn from your experience.
C. Do something useful to improve your life and your future.
D. Don't let anyone make you feel guilty.
E. So you should learn to remove guilt.
F. Someone has disappointed you.
G. It is not important to apologize.
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节, 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early____21____of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to ____22____my parents.
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with ____23____at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to ____24____!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age, I always did something____25____to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found____26____, I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to ____27____. I continued to sunflower seeds and roses. Wild ____28____joy, I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.____29____, I was touched by this land of wonder.
____30____, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even____31____at me because he found it was ____32____to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s ____33____, I put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds____34____flowers.
Regardless of their ____35____, I kept on planting my garden and ____36____to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they____37____to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to ____38____my parent. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very____39____. And now I could say it is my affection for____40____that makes me a real gardener.
21. A. memory B. dream C. intention D. design
22. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy
23. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement
24. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. come in
25. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite
26. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting
27. A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through
28. A. to B. with C. in D. by
29. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually
30. A. Inetead B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
31. A. shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped
32. A. convenient B. troublesome C. enjoyed D. dangerous
33. A. sadness B. displeasure C. delight D. relief
34. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
35. A. dislike B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion
36. A. decided B. stopped C. continued D. struggled
37. A. devote B. turn C. respond D. lead
38. A. defeat B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge
39. A. proud B. comfortable C. strange D. disappointed
40. A. freedom B. life C. growth D. nature
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A couple had two little boys aged 8-10, who were very naughty. They always looked for trouble and their parents knew that ____41____ anything wrong happened in their town, their sons were probably involved.
The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in their town had been successful ____42____ disciplining children, so she asked if he ____43____ speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed but asked to see them individually.So the mother sent her younger son first in the morning, with the older boy ____44____ see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman, a huge man with ____45____ deep voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him seriously “Where is God?”
The boy ____46____ (make) no response, sitting there with his mouth wide open. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even ____47____ serious tone “Where is God?” Again the boy made no answer. So the clergyman raised his voice and shouted “WHERE IS GOD？”
The boy ran away from the room, ____48____ (scream) out in terror, direct to home and hid ____49____ in his closet.When his older brother found him, he asked “What happened?” The younger brother breathlessly replied “We are in big trouble this time.God is ____50____ (miss) and they think we did it.”
第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35分）
短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill. Usually she might play in the small garden. She could see over the garden fence and across the valley the wonderful house with shining golden window high on another hill. Since she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and dream all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there. At the age when she gained some basic skill, she begged her mother to a bike ride outside the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go. Down the hill and cross the valley, the girl rode to the gate of the golden house. As she got her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the house. She was disappointing when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 书面表达。
“Planning is good ,but doing is better”是一句英国名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100~120词的短文。
要求如下：
1.简述你对这句名言的理解；
2.用一个具体事例加以说明；
3.给出恰当的结尾。
注意：1.文章的标题已给出（不计词数）：
2.文中不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、老师或同学姓名等真实信息，否则按作弊行为认定。
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
哈密市八中2021－2022学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
（考试时间100分钟 试卷分值120*1.25=150分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What’s On?
Electric Underground
7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.
Gee Whizz
8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian(喜剧演员) on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simon’s Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
800pm-11.00pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.
2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A. The Cyclops Theatre B. Kaleidoscope
C. Victoria Stage D. Pizza World
3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?
A. It requires membership status. B. It lasts three hours each time.
C. It is run by a comedy club. D. It is held every Wednesday.
4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A. 5.00pm-7.30pm. B. 7.30pm－1.00am.
C. 8.00pm-11.00pm. D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于广告类阅读。文章列出了四则广告，介绍了四种活动的详细内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一则广告中倒数第一、二句If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.可知，Jules Skye是一位成功的唱片制作人，如果你想做音乐的的话可以去找他。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告中This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest.可知，这场表演能让所有年龄段的人都很开心。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中“5.00 pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage”可知，Simon’s Workshop的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之间进行。故D项正确。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四则广告“8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza World”可知，Charlotte Stone将在晚上8点至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确。
B
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的 ) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.
B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.
C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.
D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.
6. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A. Those that have more experience.
B. Those that can avoid potential risks.
C. Those that like to work independently.
D. Those that feel anxious about learning.
7. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.
D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.
8. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A. storing information
B. learning from each other
C. understanding different people
D. travelling between social groups
【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过阐述研究狒狒如何获得食物的信息来讲述社会生活中的文化是通过相互的学习来获取的。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. （剑桥大学动物学系的阿莱西娅·卡特博士在纳米比亚沙漠中与一群狒狒合作，给狒狒设定了学习任务，包括一种新食物和一种藏在盒子里的熟悉食物。）”，本段其主要说明了Dr. Carter研究项目的主要对象、方法和目的，即这个研究的设计，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.（焦虑的人通过观察别人来学习任务，而那些放松的人则没有，即使他们花更多的时间观察。）” 那些对学习感到焦虑的人更有可能完成一个新的学习任务，故选D。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.（焦虑的人通过观察别人来学习任务，而那些放松的人则没有，即使他们花更多的时间观察。）”this指代上文，可知划线部分的内容指的是“光看不做的”，故选C。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning （这些发现可能会影响我们如何通过社会学习来理解社会文化的形成。）”回归文章的研究主题上即文化的获取是通过相互的学习，故选B。
C
A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who,in"On Nature",disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However,Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election?Television shows like "The Daily Show" have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by unconsciously inputting politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group "The Pussycat Dolls",describing their hit song "Don't Cha" as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity（粗俗）and racism,but, like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.
With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
9. Hobbes believes that humor_______.
A. resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings
B. was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better
C. had the power to mirror personal glory and national values
D. was for people to view the world from another angle
10. What is the author's attitude towards political humor?
A. Worried B. Disappointed
C. Curious D. Appreciative
11. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly______.
A. by process B. by example
C. by comparison D. by classification
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at
B. The author feels helpless and sad about getting older
C. Never be the one who laughs at other people
D. The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，主要论证了幽默感对我们人生的重要性，包括政治上，社交上以及生活上等，另外幽默感也是我们寻找伴侣的重要指标，无论生活多么艰难，我们都要用幽默相待。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Hobbes 的观点“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others. (笑不过是突然想到比别人好得多的感觉而产生的突然的荣耀。)” 故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election? (没有幽默这一表达想法的方式，美国人怎么乐意去支持选举呢？)”可知，作者对政治上的幽默是持赞成态度的，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. （在自我形象的话题上，Hari Kondabolu是个例子）”,可知作者是通过举例子的方式来论证社交幽默的好处的，故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后两段“Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of. With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. （虽然生活有时看起来艰难而压抑，但我所要做的就是照照镜子，看着自己日益增多的皱纹，就知道那里有一部连卓别林都没有意识到的喜剧。记住这一点，记住要和人类一起笑，有时也要嘲笑人类。）”可知主要讲了作者决心用幽默和微笑去面对生活中的不如意，故选D。
D
All day long, litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.That's potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people.
A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin Madison, Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye opening and exciting”.
Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统). What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept, fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake.
Other studies had shown that during waking hours, brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which causes people to lose the ability to think, learn and remember.
Once mice fell asleep, fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”, Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells, it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up.
The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake, the cells swelled, lessening the fluid's flow.
The newfound house cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study, noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.
The new discovery also may help scientists solve an age old mystery：Why do animals sleep？Every animal does it.Without it, they die, although no one knows why.Some studies suggest that the brain solidifies memories during sleep.However, Nedergaard notes, “You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”
13. According to the text, Maiken's discovery was________.
A. a real surprise B. a natural result
C. a big reward D. a personal purpose
14. When we are awake, ________.
A. brain cells take in more proteins
B. litter of proteins build up in our brains
C. fluids in the brain continue flowing
D. our brains have more fluids flow
15. From what Houzel said, we know the space between brain cells________.
A. is in fact a kind of space
B. has ever been carefully studied
C. used to be regarded as unimportant
D. is where litter is stored in the end
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一整天，脑细胞之间都在堆积杂物。 一项研究发现，垃圾会在睡眠时被大脑中的液体冲走。 这可能是个好消息，因为这些垃圾中含有一种与阿尔茨海默病有关的物质。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.”（ 科学家们没有预料到的是，他们发现这个系统在动物睡眠时扮演的角色与在动物清醒时不同）可知, 他们并没有想到会发现这个现象, 因此Maiken的发现属于一个意外的发现。所以选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.”（ 一个人醒得越久，垃圾就越多）可知, 当我们醒着的时候, 大脑分泌出来很多垃圾并且在大脑中堆积。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中的““That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.”（ 脑细胞之间的距离通常被忽略。 它被认为只是空间，”她说）可知, 原先人们对大脑中细胞之间的空隙没有给予太多的重视, 认为仅仅是空间。故选C。
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
Have you heard statements like “If you love me, you would do this for me” or “You should be ashamed of yourself”？Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.
Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time. ____17____ To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：
Know the past can’t be changed.
Whatever happened or whatever you did in the past, you can’t remove or change it by feeling guilty. If you cry and shout, you will not make the past different. It is better to concentrate on the present. ____18____
____19____
If you hurt someone while not meaning it, apologize for what you have said or done and then forgive yourself. What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.
Let the people you deal with know you are not easy to feel guilty.
If your boss gives you a hard time because you don’t work overtime and starts saying that there is no money award for you to make you feel guilty, then you can say things like “That is perfectly fine. I will get the award next time.”
____20____ Don’t deny guilt or run away from it. Analyze it and deal with it. No matter how much time you spend feeling guilty, you are not going to be able to change it.
A. You have to face guilt to overcome it.
B. Try to learn from your experience.
C. Do something useful to improve your life and your future.
D. Don't let anyone make you feel guilty.
E. So you should learn to remove guilt.
F. Someone has disappointed you.
G. It is not important to apologize.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。对于怎样能才能让自己不会因为别人而感到内疚，文章提供了三点建议。
【16题详解】
设空处是文章的标题。通读全文并结合第一首段“Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.(因为你犯了错而让别人失望了，或者如果有人想帮你帮忙，他们会用这些话来让你感到内疚) ”和第二段“To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：(想要克服生活中的内疚感，请遵循以下步骤：)”可知，本文的主题是让自己不要感到内疚。D选项“不要让任何人使你感到内疚”是最佳标题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time.(内疚是一种毁灭性的情绪，是浪费时间)”说内疚带来负面影响，是不良情绪，E项“因此我们需要去除内疚”与其构成因果关系。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“It is better to concentrate on the present.(最好专注于现在)”讲我们应该怎么做，提出我们应该专注现在，C项“Do something useful to improve your life and your future.(做一些有用的事情来改善你的生活和你的未来) ”说我们要改善自己的未来，继续谈论应该如何做，是对上文语意的承接。故选C项。
【19题详解】
设空处是段首小标题，根据段中“What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.(过去发生的事情会给你一个教训，所以你不会再重复，但原谅自己很重要)”可知，本段主要讲要从过去的事中得到教训，B项“Try to learn from your experience.(从你的经历中学习)”是对整段内容的最佳概括。故选B项。
【20题详解】
下文“Don't deny guilt or run away from it.(不要否认或逃避内疚)”讲面对内疚的正确态度，A项“You have to face guilt to overcome it.(你必须面对内疚来克服它)”从正面表达同样的意思，与下文语意一致。故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节, 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early____21____of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to ____22____my parents.
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with ____23____at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to ____24____!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age, I always did something____25____to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found____26____, I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to ____27____. I continued to sunflower seeds and roses. Wild ____28____joy, I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.____29____, I was touched by this land of wonder.
____30____, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even____31____at me because he found it was ____32____to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s ____33____, I put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds____34____flowers.
Regardless of their ____35____, I kept on planting my garden and ____36____to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they____37____to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to ____38____my parent. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very____39____. And now I could say it is my affection for____40____that makes me a real gardener.
21. A. memory B. dream C. intention D. design
22. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy
23. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement
24. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. come in
25. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite
26. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting
27. A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through
28. A. to B. with C. in D. by
29. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually
30. A. Inetead B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
31. A. shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped
32. A. convenient B. troublesome C. enjoyed D. dangerous
33. A. sadness B. displeasure C. delight D. relief
34. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
35. A. dislike B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion
36. A. decided B. stopped C. continued D. struggled
37. A. devote B. turn C. respond D. lead
38. A. defeat B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge
39. A. proud B. comfortable C. strange D. disappointed
40. A. freedom B. life C. growth D. nature
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文，讲述作者成为一名园艺师是出于对大自然的热爱，但是最初开始做园艺并非如此，是为了与父母对着干，慢慢在接触园艺的过程中，逐渐热爱上这个活动，最终以此为职业，同时自己的成功也让父母为之自豪。
21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初学习园艺并不是源于对大自然的喜爱，而是为了使父母生气。A. memory记忆；B. dream梦想；C. intention企图，目的；D. design设计。根据后文“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢打理花园，觉得是浪费时间，因此作者就选择园艺作为自己的爱好，与父母对着干，这也是选园艺的目的，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我最初学习园艺并不是源于对大自然的喜爱，而是为了使父母生气。A. please使高兴；B. change改变；C. help帮助；D. annoy使恼怒。根据后文“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢打理花园，觉得是浪费时间，因此作者就选择园艺作为自己的爱好，与父母对着干，让他们生气。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们住的院子里有棵巨大的枫树，每次我母亲都用怀疑的眼神看着这大自然的杰作。A. doubt怀疑；B. appreciation欣赏；C. surprise惊讶；D. excitement兴奋。根据后文“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,”作者父母亲把掉落的枫叶当作垃圾来处理，觉得是一个无尽的负担，因此可知，作者母亲不喜欢植物，母亲都用怀疑的眼神看着这大自然的杰作。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这些金黄色的落叶就像是成吨的垃圾，“又有需要清理的东西了”，她自言自语道。A. collect up收集；B. care about关心；C. clean up清理；D. come in进入。根据前文“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,”可知，作者父母亲把掉落的枫叶当作垃圾来处理，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个年龄，我总是做一些与父母对着干的事情。A. equal平等的；B. similar相似的；C. superior高级的；D. opposite相对的。根据后文“If gardening were something they found 6 , I would plant a garden!”可知，作者学习园艺是为了激怒父母，作者做一些与父母爱好相反的事情。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果园艺对他们来说是件不舒服的事情，那么我就学习园艺。A. painful痛苦的；B. valuable有价值的；C. upsetting沮丧的，令人不快的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文第二段可知，作者父母不喜欢园艺，作者总是与父母对着干，做他们不舒服的事情，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最初我种了一些百合花种子，但是没有发芽。A. come up破土而出；B. break out爆发；C. hold on坚持；D. get through通过。根据前文“I planted some lily（百合花）seeds in the yard.”和本句but可知，百合花没有发芽。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当玫瑰开出第一朵花的时候，我一阵狂喜。A. to 到，向；B. with带着，有；C. in在......里；D. by通过。根据后文“I found the first rose bloom（开花）.”可知，因为玫瑰开花了，所以作者很高兴， be wild with joy欣喜若狂，固定短语，故用with。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我被这片神奇的土地所感动。A. Luckily 幸运地；B. Cheerfully高兴地；C. Regularly规则地；D. Eventually最终。根据前文，作者看见自己种的玫瑰发芽开花，然后又一朵一朵的凋谢，因而最终决定从事园艺，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父母却对此没有丝毫兴趣。A. Instead替代；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides除此之外。根据前文可知，作者被神奇的土地感动，因而决心从事园艺，父母却没有兴趣，形成鲜明的对比，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲甚至对我发怒，因为把花园搬到大道边很麻烦。A. shouted大声叫喊；B. laughed 嘲笑；C. glanced快速地看一眼；D. jumped跳。根据前文可知，作者的父母对园艺根本不感兴趣，对于作者搬迁花园的举动有怨言，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 我父亲甚至对我发怒，因为把花园搬到大道边很麻烦。A. convenient方便的；B. troublesome麻烦的；C. enjoyable令人愉快的；D. dangerous危险的。根据前文可知，作者的父母对园艺根本不感兴趣，对于作者搬迁花园的举动觉得很麻烦，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我母亲不高兴的是，当我在她花瓶里种上真正的玫瑰时，在她看来，种的是种子而不是花。A. sadness伤心；B. displeasure不高兴；C. delight高兴；D. relief缓解。根据前文可知，作者父母都不喜欢园艺，因而对于作者的这一举动，母亲不高兴，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：让我母亲不高兴的是，当我在她花瓶里种上真正的玫瑰时，在她看来，种的是种子而不是花。A. other than除......之外；B. more than超过；C. rather than而不是；D. less than少于。根据文章可知，作者父母都不喜欢园艺，因而对于作者的这一举动，母亲不高兴，故不认可作者的举动，认为种的是种子而不是花。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我父母不喜欢，但是我依然坚持园艺，继续欣赏园艺带给我的快乐。A. dislike不喜欢；B. encouragement鼓励；C. threat威胁；D. suggestion建议。根据前文第二段“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her, ”和“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢园艺，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我父母不喜欢，但是我依然坚持园艺，继续欣赏园艺带给我的快乐。A. decided决定；B. stopped停止；C. continued继续；D. struggled挣扎。根据本句前文keep on可知，尽管父母不支持，但是仍然坚持下去，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：植物是如此好的伴侣，他们呼吸，开花，对关心和爱作出回应。A. devote奉献；B. turn转向；C. respond回应；D. lead带领。根据后文“care and love”可知，植物开花来对关心和爱作出回应。本句为短语respond to对…作出回应，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于挑战我父母而做的第一个花园已经过去很多年了。A. defeat打败；B. satisfy使满意；C. respect尊敬；D. challenge挑战。根据前文第三段“At that age, I always did something 5 to whatever my parents did!”可知，作者当时处于青春叛逆期，因而想要通过做父母不喜欢的事情来挑战父母的权威。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今我成为一名园艺专家，教人园艺，主持园艺节目，这让我父母感到很骄傲。A. proud骄傲的；B. comfortable不舒服的；C. strange奇怪的；D. disappointed失望的。根据文章“Today I become known as Mrs. Green thumbs”可知，作者成为园艺专家，事业有成，因此父母感到骄傲，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在可以说是对大自然的爱让我成为一名真正的园艺工作者。A. freedom自由；B. life生命；C. growth成长；D. nature自然。根据前文“My early 1 of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. ”可知，作者现在喜欢园艺是因为喜欢大自然，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A couple had two little boys aged 8-10, who were very naughty. They always looked for trouble and their parents knew that ____41____ anything wrong happened in their town, their sons were probably involved.
The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in their town had been successful ____42____ disciplining children, so she asked if he ____43____ speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed but asked to see them individually.So the mother sent her younger son first in the morning, with the older boy ____44____ see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman, a huge man with ____45____ deep voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him seriously “Where is God?”
The boy ____46____ (make) no response, sitting there with his mouth wide open. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even ____47____ serious tone “Where is God?” Again the boy made no answer. So the clergyman raised his voice and shouted “WHERE IS GOD？”
The boy ran away from the room, ____48____ (scream) out in terror, direct to home and hid ____49____ in his closet.When his older brother found him, he asked “What happened?” The younger brother breathlessly replied “We are in big trouble this time.God is ____50____ (miss) and they think we did it.”
【答案】41. if 42. in
43. would 44. to
45. a 46. made
47. more 48. screaming
49. himself
50. missing
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻有两个儿子，他们的儿子爱调皮捣蛋，父母想如果这样下去，早晚有一天会出事。所以父母决定送儿子去有名的牧师那里，去改正儿子不良行为。
【41题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：他们总是惹是生非, 而且他们的父母认为如果镇里出了不好的事，他们的孩子很可能就参与了。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处表达“如果镇里出了不好的事”，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：孩子们的母亲听说他们镇上有个牧师成功地管教了孩子们，所以她问他是否愿意和孩子们谈谈。固定搭配be successful in doing sth.译为“做某事成功”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：孩子们的母亲听说他们镇上有个牧师成功地管教了孩子们，所以她问他是否愿意和孩子们谈谈。此处为if引导的宾语从句，本文章背景为过去式。故填would。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：于是，妈妈早上让小儿子先去，大儿子下午去见牧师。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，由时间状语“in the afternoon”可知是将来的事情, 因此要用不定式。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：牧师身材魁梧，声音低沉。a deep voice“低沉的声音”。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：男孩没有回答，坐在那里，嘴巴张得大大的。make no response译为“没作出回答”。再结合下文“Again the boy made no answer”可知，需要使用一般过去时。故填made。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：于是牧师以更加严肃的口吻重复了这个问题。根据句意可知，这是第二次提问，牧师变得更严肃了，所以应用比较级。故填more。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着。此处表示男孩惊恐万状，尖叫着跑出了房间。“screaming out in terror”说明男孩跑出房间时的状态。scream和其逻辑主语小男孩为主动关系，因此用screaming。故填screaming。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着，直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。此处表示，男孩把自己藏在他的壁橱里。空出缺少hid的宾语，所以应该用he的反身代词。故填himself。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们这次有大麻烦了。上帝不见了，他们认为是我们做的。根据空格前的系动词is可知，此处填入missing(失踪的, 丢失的)作句子的表语。故填missing。
第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35分）
短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill. Usually she might play in the small garden. She could see over the garden fence and across the valley the wonderful house with shining golden window high on another hill. Since she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and dream all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there. At the age when she gained some basic skill, she begged her mother to a bike ride outside the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go. Down the hill and cross the valley, the girl rode to the gate of the golden house. As she got her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the house. She was disappointing when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
【答案】1. might→ would
2.the→ a
3.window→windows
4.Since→Though/While
5.dream→dreamed
6.to→for
7.在ride前加to
8cross→across
9her前加off
10. disappointing →disappointed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个憧憬远处一个有着漂亮窗户的房子的女孩最终发现窗户很脏而失望的故事。
【详解】1.考查情态动词辨析。句意：通常她会在一个小花园玩耍。情态动词might表示可能、推测之意；would表示意愿、习惯，故将might改为would。
2.考查冠词。句意：在花园篱笆之外，穿过峡谷，在另外一座小山上有一栋漂亮的有闪着金光的高高的窗户的房子。此处泛指一栋房子，用不定冠词即可，故将the改为a。
3.考查可数名词单复数。句意：在另外一座小山上有一栋漂亮的有闪着金光的高高的窗户的房子。窗户window为可数名词，前面没有单数限定词，且根据语境，房子的窗户不止一个，应该使用复数，故将window改为windows。
4.考查连词。句意：尽管她爱她的父母和家庭，她仍然渴望住在那样的房子里，并且每天梦想着住在那里该是多么精彩和让人激动。根据句意，爱父母和梦想住在那样的房子之间存在让步/转折关系，故将Since改为Though/While。
5.考查时态。句意：她渴望住在那样的房子里，并且每天梦想着住在那里该是多么精彩和让人激动。此处两个并列谓语动词desire和dream，时态应保持一致，故将dream改为dreamed。
6.考查介词。句意：她请求妈妈给她一辆自行车，可以在花园外面骑。乞求某人要某物“beg sb for sth”，故将to改为for。
7.考查动词不定式。句意：她请求妈妈给她一辆自行车，可以在花园外面骑。问妈妈的车子的目的是为了在花园外面骑，应用动词不定式表目的，故在ride前加to。
8.考查词性辨析。句意：下小山，穿过峡谷，小女孩骑到了那座金色的房子门口。分析句子结构可知，此部分作状语，不能用谓语形式的动词，而是介词短语，显然，故将cross改为across。
9.考查动词短语。句意：她一边从单车上下来，把车靠在门柱，把眼光聚焦到那个房子上。根据语境，小女孩很显然是从车上下来，get表示得到，get off才表示下车，故在her前加off。
10.考查形容词。句意：当她发现窗户很脏的时候，她感到失望。形容词辨析，ing形容词一般修饰物，表示“令人……”，ed形容词一般修饰人，表示“感到……”，此处形容女孩感到失望的心情，故将disappointing改为disappointed。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 书面表达。
“Planning is good ,but doing is better”是一句英国名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100~120词的短文。
要求如下：
1.简述你对这句名言理解；
2.用一个具体事例加以说明；
3.给出恰当的结尾。
注意：1.文章的标题已给出（不计词数）：
2.文中不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、老师或同学姓名等真实信息，否则按作弊行为认定。
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
【答案】One Possible Version
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do.However,a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out.
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.A month before the event,I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.After that,I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic,wrote a speech,and practiced its delivery in beautiful pronunciation with good public speech skills.I finally came out of the contest as the first prize winner.
I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing combined.
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：本文为一篇开放式作文。题目给出标题和提纲。结合题目可判断出主要是介绍将计划付诸实施的重要性。围绕这个主旨去写，不能跑题。提纲部分还要求三个方面：1.简述你对这句名言的理解；2.用一个具体事例加以说明；3.给出恰当的结尾。这就确定了作文的结构框架。在主旨和结构确定下来后，还要注意文章应用第一人称和一般现在时和一般过去时。写作时发挥自己的想象，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将文章完整地表述出来。注意要主次分明、详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章自然连贯。最后要认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。考点：考查开放式作文
【名师点睛】本篇范文短小精悍，结构合理，语言简洁，时态、人称准确，很好地完成了写作任务。在文章开头，作者紧扣题目，提出自己对plan的理解，同时引出下文，然后用自己的亲身经历表明要将计划付诸实施非常重要。在文中，作者用到了短语in detail, bear no fruit,carry out, set out to等短语，避免了文章表达的单一。此外，还用到了宾语从句how we do和how I achieved my success,以及句型It came from good planning and better doing combined等，这些都给文章增加了亮点。
哈密市八中2021－2022学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
（考试时间100分钟 试卷分值120*1.25=150分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What’s On?
Electric Underground
7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.
Gee Whizz
830pm-10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian(喜剧演员) on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simon’s Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1 Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.
2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A. The Cyclops Theatre B. Kaleidoscope
C. Victoria Stage D. Pizza World
3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?
A. It requires membership status. B. It lasts three hours each time.
C. It is run by a comedy club. D. It is held every Wednesday.
4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A. 5.00pm-7.30pm. B. 7.30pm－1.00am.
C. 8.00pm-11.00pm. D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.
B
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的 ) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.
B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.
C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.
D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.
6. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A. Those that have more experience.
B. Those that can avoid potential risks.
C. Those that like to work independently.
D. Those that feel anxious about learning.
7. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.
D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.
8. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A. storing information
B learning from each other
C. understanding different people
D. travelling between social groups
C
A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who,in"On Nature",disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However,Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election?Television shows like "The Daily Show" have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by unconsciously inputting politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group "The Pussycat Dolls",describing their hit song "Don't Cha" as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity（粗俗）and racism,but, like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at timesall I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.
With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
9. Hobbes believes that humor_______.
A. resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings
B. was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better
C. had the power to mirror personal glory and national values
D. was for people to view the world from another angle
10. What is the author's attitude towards political humor?
A Worried B. Disappointed
C. Curious D. Appreciative
11. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly______.
A. by process B. by example
C. by comparison D. by classification
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at
B. The author feels helpless and sad about getting older
C. Never be the one who laughs at other people
D. The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.
D
All day long, litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.That's potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people.
A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin Madison, Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye opening and exciting”.
Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统). What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept, fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake.
Other studies had shown that during waking hours, brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which causes people to lose the ability to think, learn and remember.
Once mice fell asleep, fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”, Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells, it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up.
The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake, the cells swelled, lessening the fluid's flow.
The newfound house cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study, noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.
The new discovery also may help scientists solve an age old mystery：Why do animals sleep？Every animal does it.Without it, they die, although no one knows why.Some studies suggest that the brain solidifies memories during sleep.However, Nedergaard notes, “You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”
13. According to the text, Maiken's discovery was________.
A. a real surprise B. a natural result
C. a big reward D. a personal purpose
14. When we are awake, ________.
A. brain cells take in more proteins
B. litter of proteins build up in our brains
C. fluids in the brain continue flowing
D. our brains have more fluids flow
15. From what Houzel said, we know the space between brain cells________.
A. is in fact a kind of space
B. has ever been carefully studied
C. used to be regarded as unimportant
D. is where litter is stored in the end
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
Have you heard statements like “If you love me, you would do this for me” or “You should be ashamed of yourself”？Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.
Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time. ____17____ To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：
Know the past can’t be changed.
Whatever happened or whatever you did in the past, you can’t remove or change it by feeling guilty. If you cry and shout, you will not make the past different. It is better to concentrate on the present. ____18____
____19____
If you hurt someone while not meaning it, apologize for what you have said or done and then forgive yourself. What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.
Let the people you deal with know you are not easy to feel guilty.
If your boss gives you a hard time because you don’t work overtime and starts saying that there is no money award for you to make you feel guilty, then you can say things like “That is perfectly fine. I will get the award next time.”
____20____ Don’t deny guilt or run away from it. Analyze it and deal with it. No matter how much time you spend feeling guilty, you are not going to be able to change it.
A. You have to face guilt to overcome it.
B. Try to learn from your experience.
C. Do something useful to improve your life and your future.
D. Don't let anyone make you feel guilty.
E. So you should learn to remove guilt.
F. Someone has disappointed you.
G. It is not important to apologize.
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节, 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early____21____of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to ____22____my parents.
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with ____23____at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to ____24____!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age, I always did something____25____to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found____26____, I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to ____27____. I continued to sunflower seeds and roses. Wild ____28____joy, I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.____29____, I was touched by this land of wonder.
____30____, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even____31____at me because he found it was ____32____to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s ____33____, I put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds____34____flowers.
Regardless of their ____35____, I kept on planting my garden and ____36____to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they____37____to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to ____38____my parent. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very____39____. And now I could say it is my affection for____40____that makes me a real gardener.
21. A. memory B. dream C. intention D. design
22. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy
23. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement
24. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. come in
25. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite
26. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting
27. A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through
28. A. to B. with C. in D. by
29. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually
30. A. Inetead B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
31. A. shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped
32. A. convenient B. troublesome C. enjoyed D. dangerous
33. A. sadness B. displeasure C. delight D. relief
34. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
35. A. dislike B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion
36. A. decided B. stopped C. continued D. struggled
37. A. devote B. turn C. respond D. lead
38. A. defeat B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge
39. A. proud B. comfortable C. strange D. disappointed
40. A. freedom B. life C. growth D. nature
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A couple had two little boys aged 8-10, who were very naughty. They always looked for trouble and their parents knew that ____41____ anything wrong happened in their town, their sons were probably involved.
The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in their town had been successful ____42____ disciplining children, so she asked if he ____43____ speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed but asked to see them individually.So the mother sent her younger son first in the morning, with the older boy ____44____ see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman, a huge man with ____45____ deep voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him seriously “Where is God?”
The boy ____46____ (make) no response, sitting there with his mouth wide open. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even ____47____ serious tone “Where is God?” Again the boy made no answer. So the clergyman raised his voice and shouted “WHERE IS GOD？”
The boy ran away from the room, ____48____ (scream) out in terror, direct to home and hid ____49____ in his closet.When his older brother found him, he asked “What happened?” The younger brother breathlessly replied “We are in big trouble this time.God is ____50____ (miss) and they think we did it.”
第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35分）
短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill. Usually she might play in the small garden. She could see over the garden fence and across the valley the wonderful house with shining golden window high on another hill. Since she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and dream all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there. At the age when she gained some basic skill, she begged her mother to a bike ride outside the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go. Down the hill and cross the valley, the girl rode to the gate of the golden house. As she got her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the house. She was disappointing when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 书面表达。
“Planning is good ,but doing is better”是一句英国名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100~120词的短文。
要求如下：
1.简述你对这句名言的理解；
2.用一个具体事例加以说明；
3.给出恰当的结尾。
注意：1.文章的标题已给出（不计词数）：
2.文中不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、老师或同学姓名等真实信息，否则按作弊行为认定。
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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哈密市八中2021－2022学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
（考试时间100分钟 试卷分值120*1.25=150分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What’s On?
Electric Underground
7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.
Gee Whizz
8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian(喜剧演员) on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simon’s Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
800pm-11.00pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.
2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A. The Cyclops Theatre B. Kaleidoscope
C. Victoria Stage D. Pizza World
3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?
A. It requires membership status. B. It lasts three hours each time.
C. It is run by a comedy club. D. It is held every Wednesday.
4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A. 5.00pm-7.30pm. B. 7.30pm－1.00am.
C. 8.00pm-11.00pm. D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于广告类阅读。文章列出了四则广告，介绍了四种活动的详细内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一则广告中倒数第一、二句If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.可知，Jules Skye是一位成功的唱片制作人，如果你想做音乐的的话可以去找他。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告中This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest.可知，这场表演能让所有年龄段的人都很开心。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中“5.00 pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage”可知，Simon’s Workshop的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之间进行。故D项正确。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四则广告“8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza World”可知，Charlotte Stone将在晚上8点至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确。
B
Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.
She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.
The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.
This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的 ) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.
B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.
C. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.
D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.
6. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?
A. Those that have more experience.
B. Those that can avoid potential risks.
C. Those that like to work independently.
D. Those that feel anxious about learning.
7. Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.
B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.
C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.
D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.
8. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through .
A. storing information
B. learning from each other
C. understanding different people
D. travelling between social groups
【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过阐述研究狒狒如何获得食物的信息来讲述社会生活中的文化是通过相互的学习来获取的。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. （剑桥大学动物学系的阿莱西娅·卡特博士在纳米比亚沙漠中与一群狒狒合作，给狒狒设定了学习任务，包括一种新食物和一种藏在盒子里的熟悉食物。）”，本段其主要说明了Dr. Carter研究项目的主要对象、方法和目的，即这个研究的设计，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.（焦虑的人通过观察别人来学习任务，而那些放松的人则没有，即使他们花更多的时间观察。）” 那些对学习感到焦虑的人更有可能完成一个新的学习任务，故选D。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.（焦虑的人通过观察别人来学习任务，而那些放松的人则没有，即使他们花更多的时间观察。）”this指代上文，可知划线部分的内容指的是“光看不做的”，故选C。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning （这些发现可能会影响我们如何通过社会学习来理解社会文化的形成。）”回归文章的研究主题上即文化的获取是通过相互的学习，故选B。
C
A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who,in"On Nature",disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However,Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election?Television shows like "The Daily Show" have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by unconsciously inputting politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group "The Pussycat Dolls",describing their hit song "Don't Cha" as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity（粗俗）and racism,but, like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.
With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
9. Hobbes believes that humor_______.
A. resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings
B. was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better
C. had the power to mirror personal glory and national values
D. was for people to view the world from another angle
10. What is the author's attitude towards political humor?
A. Worried B. Disappointed
C. Curious D. Appreciative
11. The fourth paragraph is developed mainly______.
A. by process B. by example
C. by comparison D. by classification
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at
B. The author feels helpless and sad about getting older
C. Never be the one who laughs at other people
D. The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，主要论证了幽默感对我们人生的重要性，包括政治上，社交上以及生活上等，另外幽默感也是我们寻找伴侣的重要指标，无论生活多么艰难，我们都要用幽默相待。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Hobbes 的观点“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others. (笑不过是突然想到比别人好得多的感觉而产生的突然的荣耀。)” 故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how would Americans be willing to support the election? (没有幽默这一表达想法的方式，美国人怎么乐意去支持选举呢？)”可知，作者对政治上的幽默是持赞成态度的，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. （在自我形象的话题上，Hari Kondabolu是个例子）”,可知作者是通过举例子的方式来论证社交幽默的好处的，故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后两段“Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of. With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity. （虽然生活有时看起来艰难而压抑，但我所要做的就是照照镜子，看着自己日益增多的皱纹，就知道那里有一部连卓别林都没有意识到的喜剧。记住这一点，记住要和人类一起笑，有时也要嘲笑人类。）”可知主要讲了作者决心用幽默和微笑去面对生活中的不如意，故选D。
D
All day long, litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.That's potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people.
A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin Madison, Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye opening and exciting”.
Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统). What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept, fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake.
Other studies had shown that during waking hours, brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which causes people to lose the ability to think, learn and remember.
Once mice fell asleep, fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”, Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells, it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up.
The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake, the cells swelled, lessening the fluid's flow.
The newfound house cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study, noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.
The new discovery also may help scientists solve an age old mystery：Why do animals sleep？Every animal does it.Without it, they die, although no one knows why.Some studies suggest that the brain solidifies memories during sleep.However, Nedergaard notes, “You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”
13. According to the text, Maiken's discovery was________.
A. a real surprise B. a natural result
C. a big reward D. a personal purpose
14. When we are awake, ________.
A. brain cells take in more proteins
B. litter of proteins build up in our brains
C. fluids in the brain continue flowing
D. our brains have more fluids flow
15. From what Houzel said, we know the space between brain cells________.
A. is in fact a kind of space
B. has ever been carefully studied
C. used to be regarded as unimportant
D. is where litter is stored in the end
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一整天，脑细胞之间都在堆积杂物。 一项研究发现，垃圾会在睡眠时被大脑中的液体冲走。 这可能是个好消息，因为这些垃圾中含有一种与阿尔茨海默病有关的物质。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.”（ 科学家们没有预料到的是，他们发现这个系统在动物睡眠时扮演的角色与在动物清醒时不同）可知, 他们并没有想到会发现这个现象, 因此Maiken的发现属于一个意外的发现。所以选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The longer someone stays awake, the more litter builds up.”（ 一个人醒得越久，垃圾就越多）可知, 当我们醒着的时候, 大脑分泌出来很多垃圾并且在大脑中堆积。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中的““That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space, ”she said.”（ 脑细胞之间的距离通常被忽略。 它被认为只是空间，”她说）可知, 原先人们对大脑中细胞之间的空隙没有给予太多的重视, 认为仅仅是空间。故选C。
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
Have you heard statements like “If you love me, you would do this for me” or “You should be ashamed of yourself”？Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.
Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time. ____17____ To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：
Know the past can’t be changed.
Whatever happened or whatever you did in the past, you can’t remove or change it by feeling guilty. If you cry and shout, you will not make the past different. It is better to concentrate on the present. ____18____
____19____
If you hurt someone while not meaning it, apologize for what you have said or done and then forgive yourself. What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.
Let the people you deal with know you are not easy to feel guilty.
If your boss gives you a hard time because you don’t work overtime and starts saying that there is no money award for you to make you feel guilty, then you can say things like “That is perfectly fine. I will get the award next time.”
____20____ Don’t deny guilt or run away from it. Analyze it and deal with it. No matter how much time you spend feeling guilty, you are not going to be able to change it.
A. You have to face guilt to overcome it.
B. Try to learn from your experience.
C. Do something useful to improve your life and your future.
D. Don't let anyone make you feel guilty.
E. So you should learn to remove guilt.
F. Someone has disappointed you.
G. It is not important to apologize.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。对于怎样能才能让自己不会因为别人而感到内疚，文章提供了三点建议。
【16题详解】
设空处是文章的标题。通读全文并结合第一首段“Statements like these are used by people to make you feel guilty because you have made a mistake and disappointed someone, or if someone wants a favor of you.(因为你犯了错而让别人失望了，或者如果有人想帮你帮忙，他们会用这些话来让你感到内疚) ”和第二段“To overcome guilt from your life, use the following steps：(想要克服生活中的内疚感，请遵循以下步骤：)”可知，本文的主题是让自己不要感到内疚。D选项“不要让任何人使你感到内疚”是最佳标题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Guilt is a destructive (毁灭性的) emotion that is a waste of time.(内疚是一种毁灭性的情绪，是浪费时间)”说内疚带来负面影响，是不良情绪，E项“因此我们需要去除内疚”与其构成因果关系。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“It is better to concentrate on the present.(最好专注于现在)”讲我们应该怎么做，提出我们应该专注现在，C项“Do something useful to improve your life and your future.(做一些有用的事情来改善你的生活和你的未来) ”说我们要改善自己的未来，继续谈论应该如何做，是对上文语意的承接。故选C项。
【19题详解】
设空处是段首小标题，根据段中“What happened in the past will teach you a lesson, so you won't repeat it again, but it is important to forgive yourself.(过去发生的事情会给你一个教训，所以你不会再重复，但原谅自己很重要)”可知，本段主要讲要从过去的事中得到教训，B项“Try to learn from your experience.(从你的经历中学习)”是对整段内容的最佳概括。故选B项。
【20题详解】
下文“Don't deny guilt or run away from it.(不要否认或逃避内疚)”讲面对内疚的正确态度，A项“You have to face guilt to overcome it.(你必须面对内疚来克服它)”从正面表达同样的意思，与下文语意一致。故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节, 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early____21____of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to ____22____my parents.
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with ____23____at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to ____24____!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
At that age, I always did something____25____to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found____26____, I would plant a garden!
I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to ____27____. I continued to sunflower seeds and roses. Wild ____28____joy, I found the first rose bloom (开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.____29____, I was touched by this land of wonder.
____30____, my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even____31____at me because he found it was ____32____to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother’s ____33____, I put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds____34____flowers.
Regardless of their ____35____, I kept on planting my garden and ____36____to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they____37____to care and love.
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to ____38____my parent. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very____39____. And now I could say it is my affection for____40____that makes me a real gardener.
21. A. memory B. dream C. intention D. design
22. A. please B. change C. help D. annoy
23. A. doubt B. appreciation C. surprise D. excitement
24. A. collect up B. care about C. clean up D. come in
25. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite
26. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting
27. A. come up B. break out C. hold on D. get through
28. A. to B. with C. in D. by
29. A. Luckily B. Cheerfully C. Regularly D. Eventually
30. A. Inetead B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
31. A. shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped
32. A. convenient B. troublesome C. enjoyed D. dangerous
33. A. sadness B. displeasure C. delight D. relief
34. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
35. A. dislike B. encouragement C. threat D. suggestion
36. A. decided B. stopped C. continued D. struggled
37. A. devote B. turn C. respond D. lead
38. A. defeat B. satisfy C. respect D. challenge
39. A. proud B. comfortable C. strange D. disappointed
40. A. freedom B. life C. growth D. nature
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文，讲述作者成为一名园艺师是出于对大自然的热爱，但是最初开始做园艺并非如此，是为了与父母对着干，慢慢在接触园艺的过程中，逐渐热爱上这个活动，最终以此为职业，同时自己的成功也让父母为之自豪。
21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初学习园艺并不是源于对大自然的喜爱，而是为了使父母生气。A. memory记忆；B. dream梦想；C. intention企图，目的；D. design设计。根据后文“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢打理花园，觉得是浪费时间，因此作者就选择园艺作为自己的爱好，与父母对着干，这也是选园艺的目的，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我最初学习园艺并不是源于对大自然的喜爱，而是为了使父母生气。A. please使高兴；B. change改变；C. help帮助；D. annoy使恼怒。根据后文“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢打理花园，觉得是浪费时间，因此作者就选择园艺作为自己的爱好，与父母对着干，让他们生气。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们住的院子里有棵巨大的枫树，每次我母亲都用怀疑的眼神看着这大自然的杰作。A. doubt怀疑；B. appreciation欣赏；C. surprise惊讶；D. excitement兴奋。根据后文“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,”作者父母亲把掉落的枫叶当作垃圾来处理，觉得是一个无尽的负担，因此可知，作者母亲不喜欢植物，母亲都用怀疑的眼神看着这大自然的杰作。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这些金黄色的落叶就像是成吨的垃圾，“又有需要清理的东西了”，她自言自语道。A. collect up收集；B. care about关心；C. clean up清理；D. come in进入。根据前文“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,”可知，作者父母亲把掉落的枫叶当作垃圾来处理，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个年龄，我总是做一些与父母对着干的事情。A. equal平等的；B. similar相似的；C. superior高级的；D. opposite相对的。根据后文“If gardening were something they found 6 , I would plant a garden!”可知，作者学习园艺是为了激怒父母，作者做一些与父母爱好相反的事情。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果园艺对他们来说是件不舒服的事情，那么我就学习园艺。A. painful痛苦的；B. valuable有价值的；C. upsetting沮丧的，令人不快的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文第二段可知，作者父母不喜欢园艺，作者总是与父母对着干，做他们不舒服的事情，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最初我种了一些百合花种子，但是没有发芽。A. come up破土而出；B. break out爆发；C. hold on坚持；D. get through通过。根据前文“I planted some lily（百合花）seeds in the yard.”和本句but可知，百合花没有发芽。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当玫瑰开出第一朵花的时候，我一阵狂喜。A. to 到，向；B. with带着，有；C. in在......里；D. by通过。根据后文“I found the first rose bloom（开花）.”可知，因为玫瑰开花了，所以作者很高兴， be wild with joy欣喜若狂，固定短语，故用with。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我被这片神奇的土地所感动。A. Luckily 幸运地；B. Cheerfully高兴地；C. Regularly规则地；D. Eventually最终。根据前文，作者看见自己种的玫瑰发芽开花，然后又一朵一朵的凋谢，因而最终决定从事园艺，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父母却对此没有丝毫兴趣。A. Instead替代；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides除此之外。根据前文可知，作者被神奇的土地感动，因而决心从事园艺，父母却没有兴趣，形成鲜明的对比，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲甚至对我发怒，因为把花园搬到大道边很麻烦。A. shouted大声叫喊；B. laughed 嘲笑；C. glanced快速地看一眼；D. jumped跳。根据前文可知，作者的父母对园艺根本不感兴趣，对于作者搬迁花园的举动有怨言，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 我父亲甚至对我发怒，因为把花园搬到大道边很麻烦。A. convenient方便的；B. troublesome麻烦的；C. enjoyable令人愉快的；D. dangerous危险的。根据前文可知，作者的父母对园艺根本不感兴趣，对于作者搬迁花园的举动觉得很麻烦，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我母亲不高兴的是，当我在她花瓶里种上真正的玫瑰时，在她看来，种的是种子而不是花。A. sadness伤心；B. displeasure不高兴；C. delight高兴；D. relief缓解。根据前文可知，作者父母都不喜欢园艺，因而对于作者的这一举动，母亲不高兴，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：让我母亲不高兴的是，当我在她花瓶里种上真正的玫瑰时，在她看来，种的是种子而不是花。A. other than除......之外；B. more than超过；C. rather than而不是；D. less than少于。根据文章可知，作者父母都不喜欢园艺，因而对于作者的这一举动，母亲不高兴，故不认可作者的举动，认为种的是种子而不是花。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我父母不喜欢，但是我依然坚持园艺，继续欣赏园艺带给我的快乐。A. dislike不喜欢；B. encouragement鼓励；C. threat威胁；D. suggestion建议。根据前文第二段“Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her, ”和“Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.”可知，作者父母不喜欢园艺，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我父母不喜欢，但是我依然坚持园艺，继续欣赏园艺带给我的快乐。A. decided决定；B. stopped停止；C. continued继续；D. struggled挣扎。根据本句前文keep on可知，尽管父母不支持，但是仍然坚持下去，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：植物是如此好的伴侣，他们呼吸，开花，对关心和爱作出回应。A. devote奉献；B. turn转向；C. respond回应；D. lead带领。根据后文“care and love”可知，植物开花来对关心和爱作出回应。本句为短语respond to对…作出回应，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于挑战我父母而做的第一个花园已经过去很多年了。A. defeat打败；B. satisfy使满意；C. respect尊敬；D. challenge挑战。根据前文第三段“At that age, I always did something 5 to whatever my parents did!”可知，作者当时处于青春叛逆期，因而想要通过做父母不喜欢的事情来挑战父母的权威。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今我成为一名园艺专家，教人园艺，主持园艺节目，这让我父母感到很骄傲。A. proud骄傲的；B. comfortable不舒服的；C. strange奇怪的；D. disappointed失望的。根据文章“Today I become known as Mrs. Green thumbs”可知，作者成为园艺专家，事业有成，因此父母感到骄傲，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在可以说是对大自然的爱让我成为一名真正的园艺工作者。A. freedom自由；B. life生命；C. growth成长；D. nature自然。根据前文“My early 1 of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. ”可知，作者现在喜欢园艺是因为喜欢大自然，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A couple had two little boys aged 8-10, who were very naughty. They always looked for trouble and their parents knew that ____41____ anything wrong happened in their town, their sons were probably involved.
The boys' mother heard that a clergyman in their town had been successful ____42____ disciplining children, so she asked if he ____43____ speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed but asked to see them individually.So the mother sent her younger son first in the morning, with the older boy ____44____ see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman, a huge man with ____45____ deep voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him seriously “Where is God?”
The boy ____46____ (make) no response, sitting there with his mouth wide open. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even ____47____ serious tone “Where is God?” Again the boy made no answer. So the clergyman raised his voice and shouted “WHERE IS GOD？”
The boy ran away from the room, ____48____ (scream) out in terror, direct to home and hid ____49____ in his closet.When his older brother found him, he asked “What happened?” The younger brother breathlessly replied “We are in big trouble this time.God is ____50____ (miss) and they think we did it.”
【答案】41. if 42. in
43. would 44. to
45. a 46. made
47. more 48. screaming
49. himself
50. missing
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻有两个儿子，他们的儿子爱调皮捣蛋，父母想如果这样下去，早晚有一天会出事。所以父母决定送儿子去有名的牧师那里，去改正儿子不良行为。
【41题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：他们总是惹是生非, 而且他们的父母认为如果镇里出了不好的事，他们的孩子很可能就参与了。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处表达“如果镇里出了不好的事”，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：孩子们的母亲听说他们镇上有个牧师成功地管教了孩子们，所以她问他是否愿意和孩子们谈谈。固定搭配be successful in doing sth.译为“做某事成功”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：孩子们的母亲听说他们镇上有个牧师成功地管教了孩子们，所以她问他是否愿意和孩子们谈谈。此处为if引导的宾语从句，本文章背景为过去式。故填would。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：于是，妈妈早上让小儿子先去，大儿子下午去见牧师。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，由时间状语“in the afternoon”可知是将来的事情, 因此要用不定式。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：牧师身材魁梧，声音低沉。a deep voice“低沉的声音”。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：男孩没有回答，坐在那里，嘴巴张得大大的。make no response译为“没作出回答”。再结合下文“Again the boy made no answer”可知，需要使用一般过去时。故填made。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：于是牧师以更加严肃的口吻重复了这个问题。根据句意可知，这是第二次提问，牧师变得更严肃了，所以应用比较级。故填more。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着。此处表示男孩惊恐万状，尖叫着跑出了房间。“screaming out in terror”说明男孩跑出房间时的状态。scream和其逻辑主语小男孩为主动关系，因此用screaming。故填screaming。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着，直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。此处表示，男孩把自己藏在他的壁橱里。空出缺少hid的宾语，所以应该用he的反身代词。故填himself。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们这次有大麻烦了。上帝不见了，他们认为是我们做的。根据空格前的系动词is可知，此处填入missing(失踪的, 丢失的)作句子的表语。故填missing。
第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35分）
短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A little girl who lived in a simple and poor house on a hill. Usually she might play in the small garden. She could see over the garden fence and across the valley the wonderful house with shining golden window high on another hill. Since she loved her parents and her family, she desired to live in such a house and dream all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there. At the age when she gained some basic skill, she begged her mother to a bike ride outside the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go. Down the hill and cross the valley, the girl rode to the gate of the golden house. As she got her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the house. She was disappointing when she found all the windows were rather dirty.
【答案】1. might→ would
2.the→ a
3.window→windows
4.Since→Though/While
5.dream→dreamed
6.to→for
7.在ride前加to
8cross→across
9her前加off
10. disappointing →disappointed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个憧憬远处一个有着漂亮窗户的房子的女孩最终发现窗户很脏而失望的故事。
【详解】1.考查情态动词辨析。句意：通常她会在一个小花园玩耍。情态动词might表示可能、推测之意；would表示意愿、习惯，故将might改为would。
2.考查冠词。句意：在花园篱笆之外，穿过峡谷，在另外一座小山上有一栋漂亮的有闪着金光的高高的窗户的房子。此处泛指一栋房子，用不定冠词即可，故将the改为a。
3.考查可数名词单复数。句意：在另外一座小山上有一栋漂亮的有闪着金光的高高的窗户的房子。窗户window为可数名词，前面没有单数限定词，且根据语境，房子的窗户不止一个，应该使用复数，故将window改为windows。
4.考查连词。句意：尽管她爱她的父母和家庭，她仍然渴望住在那样的房子里，并且每天梦想着住在那里该是多么精彩和让人激动。根据句意，爱父母和梦想住在那样的房子之间存在让步/转折关系，故将Since改为Though/While。
5.考查时态。句意：她渴望住在那样的房子里，并且每天梦想着住在那里该是多么精彩和让人激动。此处两个并列谓语动词desire和dream，时态应保持一致，故将dream改为dreamed。
6.考查介词。句意：她请求妈妈给她一辆自行车，可以在花园外面骑。乞求某人要某物“beg sb for sth”，故将to改为for。
7.考查动词不定式。句意：她请求妈妈给她一辆自行车，可以在花园外面骑。问妈妈的车子的目的是为了在花园外面骑，应用动词不定式表目的，故在ride前加to。
8.考查词性辨析。句意：下小山，穿过峡谷，小女孩骑到了那座金色的房子门口。分析句子结构可知，此部分作状语，不能用谓语形式的动词，而是介词短语，显然，故将cross改为across。
9.考查动词短语。句意：她一边从单车上下来，把车靠在门柱，把眼光聚焦到那个房子上。根据语境，小女孩很显然是从车上下来，get表示得到，get off才表示下车，故在her前加off。
10.考查形容词。句意：当她发现窗户很脏的时候，她感到失望。形容词辨析，ing形容词一般修饰物，表示“令人……”，ed形容词一般修饰人，表示“感到……”，此处形容女孩感到失望的心情，故将disappointing改为disappointed。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 书面表达。
“Planning is good ,but doing is better”是一句英国名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100~120词的短文。
要求如下：
1.简述你对这句名言理解；
2.用一个具体事例加以说明；
3.给出恰当的结尾。
注意：1.文章的标题已给出（不计词数）：
2.文中不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、老师或同学姓名等真实信息，否则按作弊行为认定。
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
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【答案】One Possible Version
Planning Is Good,But Doing Is Better
Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do.However,a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out.
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.A month before the event,I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.After that,I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic,wrote a speech,and practiced its delivery in beautiful pronunciation with good public speech skills.I finally came out of the contest as the first prize winner.
I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing combined.
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：本文为一篇开放式作文。题目给出标题和提纲。结合题目可判断出主要是介绍将计划付诸实施的重要性。围绕这个主旨去写，不能跑题。提纲部分还要求三个方面：1.简述你对这句名言的理解；2.用一个具体事例加以说明；3.给出恰当的结尾。这就确定了作文的结构框架。在主旨和结构确定下来后，还要注意文章应用第一人称和一般现在时和一般过去时。写作时发挥自己的想象，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将文章完整地表述出来。注意要主次分明、详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章自然连贯。最后要认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。考点：考查开放式作文
【名师点睛】本篇范文短小精悍，结构合理，语言简洁，时态、人称准确，很好地完成了写作任务。在文章开头，作者紧扣题目，提出自己对plan的理解，同时引出下文，然后用自己的亲身经历表明要将计划付诸实施非常重要。在文中，作者用到了短语in detail, bear no fruit,carry out, set out to等短语，避免了文章表达的单一。此外，还用到了宾语从句how we do和how I achieved my success,以及句型It came from good planning and better doing combined等，这些都给文章增加了亮点。
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