2022-2023学年九年级英语上学期期末易错精选05 首字母填空

这是一份2022-2023学年九年级英语上学期期末易错精选05 首字母填空，共31页。试卷主要包含了几点建议，常用方法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
05 首字母填空
小贴士

首字母填空是多数学生的噩梦 ,难度较大。是期末试卷中的区分题 ,所以做好此题 ,非常关键。
一、几点建议：
1. 整体把握 ,避免盲人摸象。
一定要通读短文知大意 ,看整体全面了解.通读全文时要一气呵成 ,只要能了解短文的大意即可 ,单独几个单词不理解对文章大意理解影响不大。
2. 复读短文抓信息 ,前后照应巧猜词.
运用构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测 ,来确定它的词义和词形
3. 反复推敲多琢磨 ,慎重答题多分析。
分析成分 ,确定句子所缺成分 ,从而进一步确定词性和词形。
4. 认真复查很重要 ,关注整体和词形.九年级要特别关注：
名词：可数不可数 ,单数与复数。
谓语动词的其五种形式：原形、三单、过去式、现在分词、过去分词 ,
形容词和副词：先分形副 ,再定三级（原级 ,比较级 ,最高级）。
代词甚至反身代词 ,连词 ,介词 ,数词量词等十大词类。
非谓语动词：不定式 ,动名词 ,现在分词 ,过去分词。
特别易错：被动语态
千万不能好不容易填出了单词 ,而因形式失误失分。
二、常用方法：
1. 关键词法。准确找到关键词或符号。
2. 揣测句意法。也可以称为结合语境法.
3. 判断词性法。也可称为句子成分判断法。准确判断画横线要填的词在句子里做主语、谓语、宾语、定语、表语 ,这样有利于保证所填的词的正确形式万无一失。
4. 推理法。结合上下文的意思及上下文的逻辑关系推理判断该填的单词的正确形式。
5. 固定搭配法。如make sb. do sth.; spend time doing sth ……
非常常用的一种方法 ,读完一句话明确觉得是某个词组的固定搭配的运用 ,这是首字母填空中难度较小的一种题型。
6. 句型法。首字母填空经常会考察学生固定搭配的熟练运用。
实战训练
1．On Christmas Eve ,old Scrooge sat in his office.His clerk ,Bob ,sat in a cold ,little cell.Scrooge had a very small fire , （1）b 　 　 Bob's fire was even smaller.
"Merry Christmas ,Uncle!" cried a happy voice.It was Scrooge's nephew Fred.
"Bah!" said Scrooge. "What （2）r 　 　 have you got to be happy？You are poor."
"OK ,then ," replied Fred cheerfully. "What reason have you got to be sad？You are （3）r 　 　."
"I live in a world of fools.What's Christmas time to you？It's a time for paying bills without money.It's a time for finding yourself a year （4）o 　 　 ,but no richer." said Scrooge.
"Uncle ," said Fred , "I have always thought of Christmas time as a good time ,a kind ,happy time.And so ,Uncle ,although Christmas has （5）n 　 　 put any gold or silver in my pocket ,I think it has done me good.And it will do me good."
Bob in the cell applauded.Then realizing his （6）m 　 　 ,he put out the fire.Scrooge shouted at him , "You will celebrate Christmas by （7）l 　 　 your job!"
As Fred left the room ,two kind old gentlemen came in.
"At Christmas time ,Mr Scrooge ," said the gentleman , "we should give to the （8）p 　 　.They have no shelter or food ,sir.So we are trying to （9）r 　 　 money to buy the poor some clothes and nice food at this （10）s 　 　 time of a year.How much are you going to donate？"
"Nothing.Let them die.There are too many people in the world anyway." Scrooge said.The gentlemen left.And Scrooge felt very pleased with himself.
﹣﹣Taken from A Christmas Carol
2．The well﹣known Chinese writer ,translator and foreign literature researcher Yang Jiang passed away on May 25 ,2016.But four years （1）l 　 　 ,people are still expressing their memories to her by posting Yang's photos on the Internet.
Why is Yang still（2）r 　 　by people today？
It's mainly for "Her devotion to the career of translation and writing" ,noted The Paper.
Having studied in the UK and France ,Yang was fluent both in English and （3）F 　 　.But after considering several English and French translations of the Spanish （ 西班牙的 ） classic Don Quixote unsuitable ,she started
（4）l 　 　 Spanish when she was 48. "If I wanted to be faithful （ 忠 实 的 ） to the original （ 原 著 ） ,I had to（5）d 　 　translate from the original ," she wrote in 2002.In the translation process ,she thought over every word and （6）s 　 　.With such a careful attitude （ 态 度 ） ,Yang only translated about 500 words at a time when most translators can translate as （7）m 　 　 as 2 ,000 words or so a day. "She never used time in exchange for production" ,Ye Tingfang ,a Chinese translator ,told People's Daily.
As a result ,Yang （8）f 　 　the translation of Don Quixote over a period of 10 years.Published in 1978 ,it is widely （9）c 　 　as one of the best translations in China.
Though Yang thought her works as attempts （ 尝 试 ） ,each of her attempts was a （10）s 　 　. "These 'trials' showed her calm and simple state of mind ,her lack of desire for fame or wealth ," People's Daily commented in a remembrance in 2016.
3．Huang Fengrong is a pioneer painting artist from Fujian Province.He began trying out creative （1）m 　 　 of painting around 10 years ago.He made efforts and created a new art style with great love for art.It （2）c 　 　 painting with acting and lets drawing become both beautiful and humorous.Huang uses body language when painting and sometimes dances to music.
In 2010 ,it was the （3）f 　 　 time that he showed this new form of art on TV that people had never seen before.After that ,he started to create more styles of drawing.In the beginning ,many people （4）d 　 　 Hung's new style ,but he found some foreigners liked it.To insist on creating new things is not （5）e 　 　 ,and it takes a long time to have a lot of fans.He considers art as a job testing one's true love ,because there are also many （6）d 　 　 in keeping a balance between making money and making people laugh.Later his special art forms caught attention from （7）a 　 　.They introduced his works to others and recommended that he should hold a show in Paris.
To his surprise ,the painting show made more people interested in his art.He is praised not only in China but also around the world.It（8）p 　 　 further chances for him.He began to draw for famous people in different areas.So far ,17 countries have（9）i 　 　 Huang to draw paintings for their presidents when he joined in some state visits.
In the future ,he wants to play a more important role in society.To encourage children to study this form or art ,he started a competition（10）c 　 　 "Stars of Acting Painting" recently.It is an event of 2020 Dafen International Oil Painting Show.
4．
Exercising with culture
To stay healthy and fit ,Chinese students do group exercises every day at school.Most of you probably do the same set of exercises.But some school exercises have grown （1）p 　 　 online because of their local and creative designs.
（2）S 　 　 in Sichuan dialects（方言） with energetic motions（动作） and unique mask changing is not just a Sichuan Opera performance.It's the daily exercise for students of Mianyang Foreign Languages School in Sichuan province.
"Sichuan Opera is a local opera ,and it is now facing a（3）l 　 　 in inheritance（传承）.Therefore ,we worked closely with Mianyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Center to （4）c 　 　 a simple and easy﹣to﹣learn Sichuan Opera exercise ," said Shen Junhua ,who is organizing the school's exercise between classes.
According to Shen ,this new type of exercise has been practiced since 2017 and has been popular among students.When students enroll（入学） ,they will spend several weeks practicing it.At present , （5）n 　 　 all of the students and teachers have mastered it.
"In fact ,we had hardly heard of Sichuan Opera （6）b 　 　 teachers taught us how to do the Sichuan Opera exercise ," said Li Yangwen ,14 ,an eighth grade student （7）w 　 　 also joined the school's Sichuan Opera club out of interest." It's very different from normal exercises.After practicing it ,we found it very beautiful and became interested in it.Now ,almost all of the students look forward to （8）e 　 　 exercise time."
（9）"B 　 　 joining opera with daily exercise ,the daily class activity allows students to understand Sichuan Opera's culture ," Shen said.After years of continuous effort to spread the seeds （种子） of the （10）t 　 　 culture ,the teenagers are finally catching on.
5．"The Arctic（北极）is dying ," researchers returning from the largest﹣ever Arctic expedition（远征）have warned.
The program the scientists are w （1）　 　on is called MOSAiC﹣﹣﹣﹣ Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate（北极气候研究多学科漂流观测计划）.Scientists from 20 countries ,i （2）　 　China ,spent a year in the Arctic from September 2019 to October 2020 to collect data（数据）about environment and climate change.They predict that if we k （3）　 　going as we are ,the Arctic will have no ice during the summer within just a few decades.
Global warming and the melting（融化）of sea ice are having a huge influence on Arctic life.For example ,polar bears depend on sea ice to hunt seals.But when the sea ice melts ,they are f （4）　 　onto land ,where there's not enough food for them.Scientists say the number of polar bears will d （5）　 　by two﹣thirds to less than 10 ,000 by 2050.
A （6）　 　the days get warmer ,there's more rain than snow in the Arctic.This hurts the millions of reindeer（驯鹿）and caribou（北美驯鹿）that eat moss（苔藓） ,lichen（地衣）and grass.When rain falls ,it locks there animals' food in ice i （7）　 　of snow.Many of them starve（挨饿）to death because they can't r （8）　 　the food under the ice.
Such losses have destroyed the lives of indigenous（土著的）people who depend on reindeer and caribou for a l （9）　 　.The Inuit（因纽特人）use very part of the caribou﹣﹣﹣﹣sinew（筋）for thread ,hide（皮毛）for clothing ,and flesh（肉）for food.In Europe and Russia ,the Sami people raise thousands of reindeer.But as these animals are disappearing ,their traditional way of living ,which has existed for thousands of years ,may be f （10）　 　only in memory in the future.What a pity it is!
6．Zhong Nanshan：model of doctors
Born in October ,1936 ,Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest doctors in China.
For years as a leading Chinese expert in respiratory （呼吸的）diseases ,Zhong was well known among his co﹣workers ,but the outbreak of SARS has turned him （1）i 　 　 a household name across the country.In 2002 ,SARS （2）b 　 　 out in Guangdong Province.Later ,it spread across China and （3）o 　 　 parts of the world.Patients coughed a lot and got fevers.Hundreds of them died of the disease.Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated the patients.So everyone was afraid of it.But Zhong was （4）b 　 　 enough to fight the disease.He spent days and nights （5）l 　 　 for the cause of the disease.And with his way of treating the disease ,more and more patients got （6）b 　 　.
In the late 2019 ,the novel coronavirus hit Wuhan.It spread （7）q 　 　.Then （8）t 　 　 of Chinese people were infected.Zhong ,again ,became the public face of China's effort to control the virus and was named as the head to lead the investigation （调查）into the virus.He led his team to Wuhan by （9）h 　 　.He advised people to wear masks ,often wash hands ,stay at home and not to go to crowded places.
Zhong likes （10）s 　 　very much.When he was 67 ,he could still play basketball.Now at the age of 84 ,Zhong still works in the front line. "I am just a doctor , " he said.But we think he is a hero and a fighter.
7．
Awakening Age（《觉醒年代》）
In 2021 ,a TV series called The Awakening Age became popular among young people.It is very rare that a historical drama could achieve such high word﹣ of mouth praise.It shows h（1）　 　from the New Culture Movement（新文化运动）to the founding of the Communist Party of China （CPC）.It also s（2）　 　us the difficulty of the period of founding the Party and the great man's patriotic feelings.
I like it b（3）　 　I can feel the power of youth from the drama.The Awakening Age is a work that makes one's blood boil.Many students gave s（4）　 　 in the streets in order to wake people up to the problems.They tried their best to f（5）　 　for a better world.Also ,they spread ideas of democracy（民主）and science no matter w（6）　 　troubles they would get into.
A（7）　 　all the characters ,I admire Chen Yannian most.He has made great contributions（贡献）to the d（8）　 　of the CPC.Although his life was short — he only lived to the age of 29 ,his s（9）　 　will always live in people's hearts.
It is the most meaningful and interesting TV drama that I have ever seen.The show e（10）　 　me to face difficulties in a brave and positive way.We are supposed to treasure our current happy life more.
8．It's （1）k　 　 that China is a country with the largest population in the world.To deal with the population problem ,our government decided to have one﹣child policy （政策）.After the policy was（2）c　 　 out for some time ,while it did help to control the population growth ,problems like aging also became clear.So all Chinese （3）c　 　 were told that they could be allowed to have two children.As the one﹣child policy came to an end ,many Chinese children , （4）i　 　 you may have a brother or sister in the future.
But what would your life be like （5）g　 　 up with a brother or a sister？
Having a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings ,such as （6）l　 　 and fear.Your brother or sister can give you something that parents can't give you.You may not feel lonely at home any more because there will be someone playing with you and sharing secrets with you.Of course ,sometimes you may （7）a　 　 or even fight with him or her ,but you will （8）f　 　 each other soon.
Although now the government （9）e　 　 people to have more children ,most young people don't want more children because of the pressure from work and family.Maybe it takes a period of time for people to accept the new （10）p　 　.
9．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was written in 1876 by the famous writer Mark Twain.It is a story filled with action ,adventure ,exciting ideas ,love and education.
One of the main themes of the story is moral growth.Tom Sawyer was a （1）c 　 　 ,but naughty（淘气的） young boy living with his aunt Polly in the small town by the Mississippi River after his mother died.He always had a lot of good ideas ,but didn't like school ,and was always absent （2）f 　 　 school to fish.One night ,Tom and his friend Huck Finn witnessed Indian Joe murder Doctor Robinson at midnight. （3）A 　 　he was very frightened ,he spoke out the murderer.Tom later showed how brave he was by leading his friends out of the caves where Indian Joe （4）h 　 　 a lot of treasure.After finding the treasure ,Tom finally became very rich.Everyone in the village （5）c 　 　him as a hero for the things he did.
The story also explores the theme of freedom（ 自 由 ）.As Tom grew up ,he （6）r 　 　that freedom had its price and that in order to live in society ,we must accept some compromises（妥协）.
This book is based on Mark Twain's own childhood and his personal（7）e 　 　.Perhaps ,it is a little （8）d 　 　 to read the book at first and it will take you a while to get used to the English in the book in the 19th（9）c 　 　.But on the whole ,the book is an enjoyable read for people of all ages.
Since the book was （10）f 　 　published in 1876 ,there have been many films based on the story which has remained a classic children's story.The story is continued in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

10．We all have goals that are important to us. How we achieve these goals depends on many things. One important thing is practice. Practice helps us （1）d　 　 the skills to achieve our goals. One day , a teacher who taught pottery（陶艺） told his class that he was （2）d　 　 the class into two groups. Group 1 had to make as （3）m　 　 pots as they could. If they made 50 pots , they would get a grade A , 40 pots a grade B , etc. Group2 had to make one pot that was the （4）b　 　 it could be and perfect. If it was perfect it would get a grade A.
At the end of the Pottery classes , the teacher found that a curious fact had happened. The pots that were of the best and highest quality were all produced by Group 1. For Group2 , they （5）s　 　 so much time discussing the best design for their pot （6）t　 　 they failed to make a single good pot The best pots were produced by the group who made the most. So , what was the reason for this？ Group 1 was （7）b　 　making as many pots as possible. They were practicing , developing skill and learning from their （8）m　 　. Meanwhile , Group2 were sitting around talking about it. When they came up with their design , they were （9）u　 　 to make it because they had no skills. So , to achieve our goals , we need the skills to get there. This means lots of （10）p　 　 , for example , making lots of pots. When you do something regularly , you improve your skill. Then you make progress towards your goals.
11．A group of university graduates visited their old professor （教授）. During their visit , the graduates were complaining about their problems and （1）s　 　in work and in life.
After （2）o　 　coffee to his guests , the professor went to the kitchen and came back with a coffee pot and a tray （托 盘 ） , crowded with many （3）d　 　cups. Some cups were simple , other ones expensive. The professor asked them to pick out their cups first. When the graduates picked out their favorite cups , the professor （4）e　 　. "Notice how all the beautiful cups were picked out and the simple and cheap ones were left."
"（5）W　 　only the best things for yourself is the source of your problems and stress. You need to understand that the cup doesn't make the coffee（6）b　 　. Actually , all that you wanted was the coffee , not the cup. But you consciously （有意识地） （7）c　 　the best cups , and then looked to see what cups others picked."
"Life is the coffee. Your job , money , position in society…they are the cups. The type of cup doesn't determine the quality of life. Sometimes , by concentrating only on the cups , we （8）f　 　to enjoy the taste of coffee. The happiest people are not those who have the best things , but those who enjoy life and make the most of what they have."
Hearing this , the graduates were speechless. They had learned another important life（9）l　 　from their old professor﹣that true happiness means enjoying life and not （10）w　 　 about unimportant things.
12．What can make you successful？The most important thing is your habits.If you have good habits ,your dream（1）　 　be successful in the future.Having good habits doesn't mean that you will be successful every time.（2）　 　if you keep working hard ,your dream will come true in the end.
Habits mean you keep doing（3）　 　same action every day.Doing the good action over and over（4）　 　will make a difference to your life.For example ,if you do exercise every day ,you will see a big difference in your body.So ,how can you form good habits？Of course ,you have to do the good action every day.If you want to form a habit（5）　 　eating healthy food ,eat healthily every day.If you want to form a habit of reading ,read every day.The more you do an action ,the easier it becomes.
13．Ten﹣year﹣old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important.He often p（1）　 　it by volunteering with his family.But last year ,after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest ,he became crazy about it.Now he works to s（2）　 　kindness everywhere through projects that help others.He c（3）　 　his campaign（运动）the Race to Kindness.
Spreading Hugs
After a teacher told him about the contest ,Orion had only 24 hours to w（4）　 　 ,memorize（熟记） ,and record his speech.In it ,he talked about the importance of kindness﹣﹣especially right now ,when many are facing d（5）　 　from the pandemic（疫情）and dealing with injustice.
"Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it and those who may not know they need it." Orion said.He e（6）　 　listeners to join him in "the race of kindness" by doing small ,kind acts for others.
Orion's speech won the contest.He used his ＄500 prize to fund（资助） his first Race to Kindness project ,a toy drive for a local children's hospital.He collected 619 toys.After that ,Orion wanted to make an even b（7）　 　influence.Working with a nonprofit（非盈利） ,he packed meal bags for people in need.He included a kind message for each recipient（接受者）.Orion also o（8）　 　several events in his community.In all ,he collected more than 100 ,000 m（9）　 　!
Everybody Wins
Orion believes that everyone wins this race.He says ,"If you're kind to someone else ,it can make their day b（10）　 　 and inspire（激励）that person to be kind to somebody else.And then it just grows and grows ,and it can make the world a better place."
14．I told my mother everything and we knew that we were in d（1）　 　.The sailors were sure to come back for the captain's chest.We quickly went to the nearest v（2）　 　to ask for help.But everyone in the village was a（3）　 　of the Captain and nobody wanted to come back to the inn with us.We went back to the inn and locked the door b（4）　 　us.The captain was lying on the floor of the parlour.He looked terrible.We soon found his key on a string a（5）　 　his neck.My mother took the key and we hurried up to the captain's room and opened his chest.
It was f（6）　 　with clothes and tobacco and other things ,but right at the bottom there were some papers and a bag of gold.My mother started c（7）　 　out the money that the captain owed （欠） us.
I suddenly heard the tapping of the blind man's stick outside.We heard him knocking on the door and t（8）　 　 to open it ,but thankfully it was locked.He walked off and some moments later ,we heard a whistle blowing.My mother took the money she had got and I got some papers to make up the d（9）　 　 .We quickly left the inn and h（10）　 　 near a bridge by the river.Behind us we heard footsteps and we saw a light moving in the darkness.
﹣From Treasure Island
15．In big cities ,things never stop.There are always lots of things happening.You can hear the sound of the （1）t 　 　.Cars and buses are going from place to place.And if you need something ,you can find it.If you want something ,you can find it.It's eleven o'clock at night and you feel like having some pizza？No （2）p 　 　!
Maybe the noise is too much for you.You would rather hear the sounds of water running past or birds（3）s 　 　in the trees.Then you are more of a country person.You don't like to be in a （4）h 　 　.You would rather relax and breathe the fresh air.You'd rather walk through the woods.
Every coin （硬币） has two sides.The air in the city is not clean.At night ,you cannot see the stars（5）b 　 　the lights of the buildings and cars are too bright.You cannot swing your arms when you are walking down the street.You might hit someone by mistake.（6）I　 　you like to have space around you ,the city is not the place to be.
The country can be（7）d 　 　.Everything is far apart.So ,if you need to go anywhere ,you might have to drive.And it could take you a long time.So ,if your（8）r 　 　out of milk ,it is not so easy to go to the store.Things that are easy in the city are harder in the country.For example ,your yard would be bigger.It would take （9）l 　 　to cut the grass or clean up the leaves.Also ,it would be harder to clear away the snow.
（10）W 　 　you are a city person or a country person ,it is important to find a balance.Move at the speed you are comfortable with.Spend time doing activities you enjoy.What is more ,be sure to spend time in nature and also with people.

1．On Christmas Eve ,old Scrooge sat in his office.His clerk ,Bob ,sat in a cold ,little cell.Scrooge had a very small fire , （1）b 　ut　 Bob's fire was even smaller.
"Merry Christmas ,Uncle!" cried a happy voice.It was Scrooge's nephew Fred.
"Bah!" said Scrooge. "What （2）r 　eason　 have you got to be happy？You are poor."
"OK ,then ," replied Fred cheerfully. "What reason have you got to be sad？You are （3）r 　ich　."
"I live in a world of fools.What's Christmas time to you？It's a time for paying bills without money.It's a time for finding yourself a year （4）o 　lder　 ,but no richer." said Scrooge.
"Uncle ," said Fred , "I have always thought of Christmas time as a good time ,a kind ,happy time.And so ,Uncle ,although Christmas has （5）n 　ever　 put any gold or silver in my pocket ,I think it has done me good.And it will do me good."
Bob in the cell applauded.Then realizing his （6）m 　istake　 ,he put out the fire.Scrooge shouted at him , "You will celebrate Christmas by （7）l 　osing　 your job!"
As Fred left the room ,two kind old gentlemen came in.
"At Christmas time ,Mr Scrooge ," said the gentleman , "we should give to the （8）p 　oor　.They have no shelter or food ,sir.So we are trying to （9）r 　aise　 money to buy the poor some clothes and nice food at this （10）s 　ame　 time of a year.How much are you going to donate？"
"Nothing.Let them die.There are too many people in the world anyway." Scrooge said.The gentlemen left.And Scrooge felt very pleased with himself.
﹣﹣Taken from A Christmas Carol
文章主旨：这篇文章讲述了在圣诞前夕 ,不同的人对圣诞节的不同看法 ,有表示幸福 ,快乐并感恩的 ,但是Scrooge表现的是自私和吝啬。
答案详解：（1）but 考查连词。根据Scrooge had a very small fire ,...Bob's fire was even smaller ,可知是指：斯克罗吉的火很小 ,而鲍勃的火更小。前后是转折关系。结合首字母 ,所以填but。
（2）reason 考查名词。根据后文What reason have you got to be sad？你有什么理由难过？可知此处是指：你有什么理由高兴？结合首字母 ,所以填reason。
（3）rich 考查形容词。根据前文"What...have you got to be happy？You are poor.""你有什么理由高兴？"你这么贫穷。"可知此处和前面是相对应的 ,意思是：你有什么理由难过？你这么富有。"结合首字母 ,所以填rich。
（4）older 考查形容词比较级。根据"It's a time for finding yourself a year... ,but no richer."可知是指："你会发现自己又老了一岁 ,但并不富有。"由后面的richer ,推出此处是比较级 ,所以填older。
（5）never 考查副词。根据And so ,Uncle ,although Christmas has...put any gold or silver in my pocket ,I think it has done me good.可知是指：所以 ,叔叔 ,虽然圣诞节没有给我的口袋放任何金银财宝 ,但我认为它对我是有好处的。结合首字母 ,所以填never。
（6）mistake 考查名词。根据Then realizing his... ,he put out the fire.可知是指：后来意识到自己的错误 ,他把火扑灭了。结合首字母 ,所以填mistake。
（7）losing 考查动名词。根据You will celebrate Christmas by...your job!可知是指：你将以丢掉工作来庆祝圣诞节!结合首字母 ,推出是动词lose ,介词by接动名词。所以填losing。
（8）poor 考查形容词。根据后文They have no shelter or food ,他们没有住处 ,也没有食物 ,可知此处是指：我们应该给穷人。结合首字母 ,所以填poor。
（9）raise 考查动词。根据So we are trying to...money to buy the poor some clothes and nice food ,可知是指：所以我们正在努力筹集资金 ,为穷人买一些衣服和美食。结合首字母 ,推出是动词raise。try to do sth试图做某事 ,所以填raise。
（10）same 考查形容词。根据at this...time of a year ,可知是指：在每年的这个时候。结合首字母 ,推出是same ,所以填same。
2．The well﹣known Chinese writer ,translator and foreign literature researcher Yang Jiang passed away on May 25 ,2016.But four years （1）l 　ater　 ,people are still expressing their memories to her by posting Yang's photos on the Internet.
Why is Yang still（2）r 　emembered　by people today？
It's mainly for "Her devotion to the career of translation and writing" ,noted The Paper.
Having studied in the UK and France ,Yang was fluent both in English and （3）F 　rench　.But after considering several English and French translations of the Spanish （ 西班牙的 ） classic Don Quixote unsuitable ,she started
（4）l 　earning　 Spanish when she was 48. "If I wanted to be faithful （ 忠 实 的 ） to the original （ 原 著 ） ,I had to（5）d 　irectly　translate from the original ," she wrote in 2002.In the translation process ,she thought over every word and （6）s 　entence　.With such a careful attitude （ 态 度 ） ,Yang only translated about 500 words at a time when most translators can translate as （7）m 　any　 as 2 ,000 words or so a day. "She never used time in exchange for production" ,Ye Tingfang ,a Chinese translator ,told People's Daily.
As a result ,Yang （8）f 　inished　the translation of Don Quixote over a period of 10 years.Published in 1978 ,it is widely （9）c 　onsidered　as one of the best translations in China.
Though Yang thought her works as attempts （ 尝 试 ） ,each of her attempts was a （10）s 　uccess　. "These 'trials' showed her calm and simple state of mind ,her lack of desire for fame or wealth ," People's Daily commented in a remembrance in 2016.
文章主旨：主要介绍了杨绛一生好学 ,做事认真 ,是一个伟大的人。
答案详解：（1）later.考查副词。此处是表示之后的意思 ,且开头的单词为"l" ,所以填later ,意为"后来"。所以答案是later。
（2）remembered.考查动词。这句话表达为"为什么杨绛今天依然被人们记住" ,此处是表示被记住 ,且是r开头的单词 ,空格前有is ,所以填过去分词remembered。所以答案是remembered。
（3）French.考查名词。前面讲"杨绛曾经在英国和法国学习 ,她擅长英语和法语" ,所以此处应该填French ,意为"法语"。所以答案是French。
（4）learning.考查动词。start doing sth意为"开始做某事" ,计划首字母 ,此处填learning ,48岁时她开始学习西班牙语。故此处的答案是learning。
（5）directly.考查副词。计划句意"我不得不直接从原著翻译过来" ,此处需要一个副词来修饰translate ,且是直接地意思所以填directly。所以答案是directly。
（6）sentence.考查名词。根据"她思考每一个字" ,再结合首字母"s"可知此处用sentence ,意为" 句子"。所以答案是sentence。
（7）many.考查代词。根据句意：在这种细心的态度下 ,杨绛一次只翻译了500字左右 ,而大多数译者一天可以翻译2000字左右。此处是as...as之间的 ,且是m开头并且修饰words ,所以填many ,as many as意为"多达"。所以答案是many。
（8）finished.考查动词。根据句意：结果 ,杨绛花了10年的时间完成了《唐璜》的翻译。可知用finish ,意为"完成" ,这是过去完成的事情 ,故要用过去式。所以答案是finished。
（9）considered.考查动词。此处是在表示被动be widely considered as固定搭配 ,意为"被广泛认为"。所以答案是considered。
（10）success.考查名词。计划句意：虽然杨认为她的作品是一种尝试 ,但她的每一次尝试都是成功的。此处是在a之后 ,应该是一个名词 ,且是s开头的单词 ,所以填success。所以答案是success。
3．Huang Fengrong is a pioneer painting artist from Fujian Province.He began trying out creative （1）m 　ethods　 of painting around 10 years ago.He made efforts and created a new art style with great love for art.It （2）c 　ombines　 painting with acting and lets drawing become both beautiful and humorous.Huang uses body language when painting and sometimes dances to music.
In 2010 ,it was the （3）f 　irst　 time that he showed this new form of art on TV that people had never seen before.After that ,he started to create more styles of drawing.In the beginning ,many people （4）d 　isliked　 Hung's new style ,but he found some foreigners liked it.To insist on creating new things is not （5）e 　asy　 ,and it takes a long time to have a lot of fans.He considers art as a job testing one's true love ,because there are also many （6）d 　ifficulties　 in keeping a balance between making money and making people laugh.Later his special art forms caught attention from （7）a 　broad　.They introduced his works to others and recommended that he should hold a show in Paris.
To his surprise ,the painting show made more people interested in his art.He is praised not only in China but also around the world.It（8）p 　rovided　 further chances for him.He began to draw for famous people in different areas.So far ,17 countries have（9）i 　nvited　 Huang to draw paintings for their presidents when he joined in some state visits.
In the future ,he wants to play a more important role in society.To encourage children to study this form or art ,he started a competition（10）c 　alled　 "Stars of Acting Painting" recently.It is an event of 2020 Dafen International Oil Painting Show.
文章主旨：本文主要介绍了福建省绘画大师黄凤荣 ,他努力创造了一种新的艺术风格 ,让绘画变得既美丽又幽默。黄在绘画时使用肢体语言 ,他的风格受到国内外人的赞扬 ,他将鼓励孩子们学习这种艺术形式。
答案详解：（1）methods.考查名词。结合句意"大约10年前 ,他开始尝试创造性的绘画方法" ,根据首字母"m"可知 ,应该用可数名词method ,意为"方法" ,空格前没有限定词 ,所以用复数形式methods。所以答案是methods。
（2）combines考查动词。根据空格后with ,再结合首字母可知 ,此处用combine ,combine...with为固定搭配 ,意为"把...和...结合起来" ,主语是it ,谓语动词用第三人称单数。所以答案是combines。
（3）first.考查序数词。根据"It was the____time"结构可知 ,填first ,It was the first time意为"这是第一次"。所以答案是first。
（4）disliked.考查动词。根据后半句"but he found some foreigners liked it"可知 ,当初国内很多人不喜欢他的风格 ,所以用dislike ,故事用一般过去时叙事 ,所以填disliked。所以答案是disliked。
（5）easy.考查形容词。根据后面"and it takes a long time to have a lot of fans"可知 ,尝试创造新的东西出来不是一件容易的事 ,所以填easy。所以答案是easy。
（6）difficulties.考查名词。根据语境可知 ,想要在挣钱和取悦人们之间取得平衡 ,一定会碰到视多困难 ,结合首字母可知 ,用difficulty ,空格前有many修饰可数名词的复数 ,因此填difficulties。所以答案是difficulties。
（7）abroad.考查名词。根据语境 ,他的这种特殊的艺术形式首先得到了外国人的喜爱 ,下文也提到他在国外做了展览 ,所以此处用abroad ,意为"国外"。所以答案是abroad。
（8）provided.考查动词。结合语境可知 ,他的艺术风格得到了国内外人们的好评 ,这给他提供了进一步的机会 ,所以用provide ,provide sth for sb为固定搭配 ,意为"为某人提供某物"根据下一句时态可知 ,句子用过去时态。所以答案是provided。
（9）invited.考查动词。根据句意可知 ,十七个国家邀请他去为总统画画 ,所以用invite ,空格前有助动词have ,因此填过去分词invited。所以答案是invited。
（10）called.考查动词。结合句意 ,他最近发起了一个叫做"绘画表演明星"的比赛 ,可知用named ,意为"名叫...的" ,作定语修饰competition。所以答案是called。
4．
Exercising with culture
To stay healthy and fit ,Chinese students do group exercises every day at school.Most of you probably do the same set of exercises.But some school exercises have grown （1）p 　opular　 online because of their local and creative designs.
（2）S 　inging　 in Sichuan dialects（方言） with energetic motions（动作） and unique mask changing is not just a Sichuan Opera performance.It's the daily exercise for students of Mianyang Foreign Languages School in Sichuan province.
"Sichuan Opera is a local opera ,and it is now facing a（3）l 　oss　 in inheritance（传承）.Therefore ,we worked closely with Mianyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Center to （4）c 　reate　 a simple and easy﹣to﹣learn Sichuan Opera exercise ," said Shen Junhua ,who is organizing the school's exercise between classes.
According to Shen ,this new type of exercise has been practiced since 2017 and has been popular among students.When students enroll（入学） ,they will spend several weeks practicing it.At present , （5）n 　early　 all of the students and teachers have mastered it.
"In fact ,we had hardly heard of Sichuan Opera （6）b 　efore　 teachers taught us how to do the Sichuan Opera exercise ," said Li Yangwen ,14 ,an eighth grade student （7）w 　ho　 also joined the school's Sichuan Opera club out of interest." It's very different from normal exercises.After practicing it ,we found it very beautiful and became interested in it.Now ,almost all of the students look forward to （8）e 　veryday　 exercise time."
（9）"B 　y　 joining opera with daily exercise ,the daily class activity allows students to understand Sichuan Opera's culture ," Shen said.After years of continuous effort to spread the seeds （种子） of the （10）t 　raditional　 culture ,the teenagers are finally catching on.
文章主旨：本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了为保持身体健康 ,中国学生每天都会进行团体锻炼 ,一些学校的锻炼由于其本地特色和创新性在网上受到欢迎 ,这其中包括四川省绵阳外语实验学校的川剧表演操。
答案详解：（1）popular.考查形容词。根据"because of their local and creative designs"可知 ,一些学校的锻炼活动在网上很流行 ,所以选popular。所以答案是popular。
（2）Singing.考查动名词。根据后面提到的用方言和川剧表演可知 ,此处表示唱功 ,作主语所以用动名词形式singing ,位于句首首字母大写。所以答案是Singing。
（3）loss.考查名词。因为川剧为地方戏 ,唱的人少 ,传承起来就困难 ,所以面临遗产损失 ,结合首字母填loss ,face a loss in inheritance意为"面临遗产的损失"。所以答案是loss。
（4）create.考查动词。根据句意和语境可知 ,此处要创办"一个简单易学的川剧练习" ,结合首字母用create ,意为"创作"符合题意。所以答案是create。
（5）nearly.考查副词。根据"all of the students and teachers "可知 ,前面需要填入修饰数量的副词 ,结合首字母应该填nearly ,意为"几乎、差不多"；句意为：现在 ,几乎所有的学生和老师都掌握了它。所以答案是nearly。
（6）before.考查连词。根据句意：在老师教我们如何做川剧练习前我们都几乎没听说过川剧。结合首字母此处填连词before。所以答案是before。
（7）who.考查关系代词。分析题干可知 ,此句是一个定语从句 ,先行词student为人 ,所有引导词用who或者that ,结合所给字母可知填who。所以答案是who。
（8）everyday.考查形容词。time为名词 ,需要用形容词修饰 ,结合首字母和下文中"daily exercise" ,可知 ,此处填everyday ,意为"日常的"。所以答案是everyday。
（9）By.考查介词。by doing为固定用法 ,意为"通过做某事" ,位于句首首字母大写。所以答案是By。
（10）traditional.考查形容词。文章主要介绍地方戏川剧 ,结合空格后"culture"可知 ,此处填traditional ,意为"传统的" ,traditional culture为传统文化符号川剧的特点。所以答案是traditional。
5．"The Arctic（北极）is dying ," researchers returning from the largest﹣ever Arctic expedition（远征）have warned.
The program the scientists are w （1）　orking　on is called MOSAiC﹣﹣﹣﹣ Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate（北极气候研究多学科漂流观测计划）.Scientists from 20 countries ,i （2）　ncluding　China ,spent a year in the Arctic from September 2019 to October 2020 to collect data（数据）about environment and climate change.They predict that if we k （3）　eep　going as we are ,the Arctic will have no ice during the summer within just a few decades.
Global warming and the melting（融化）of sea ice are having a huge influence on Arctic life.For example ,polar bears depend on sea ice to hunt seals.But when the sea ice melts ,they are f （4）　orced　onto land ,where there's not enough food for them.Scientists say the number of polar bears will d （5）　rop　by two﹣thirds to less than 10 ,000 by 2050.
A （6）　s　the days get warmer ,there's more rain than snow in the Arctic.This hurts the millions of reindeer（驯鹿）and caribou（北美驯鹿）that eat moss（苔藓） ,lichen（地衣）and grass.When rain falls ,it locks there animals' food in ice i （7）　nstead　of snow.Many of them starve（挨饿）to death because they can't r （8）　each　the food under the ice.
Such losses have destroyed the lives of indigenous（土著的）people who depend on reindeer and caribou for a l （9）　iving　.The Inuit（因纽特人）use very part of the caribou﹣﹣﹣﹣sinew（筋）for thread ,hide（皮毛）for clothing ,and flesh（肉）for food.In Europe and Russia ,the Sami people raise thousands of reindeer.But as these animals are disappearing ,their traditional way of living ,which has existed for thousands of years ,may be f （10）　rozen　only in memory in the future.What a pity it is!
文章主旨：本文是一篇说明文 ,介绍了全球变暖引发北极冰川融化而产生的一系列问题。
答案详解：（1）working.考查现在分词。句意：科学家们正在进行的项目叫做MOSAiC——北极气候研究多学科漂流观测计划。根据"The program the scientists are...on is called MOSAiC"可知 ,此处是work on短语 ,意为"从事" ,此处用于"be doing"的结构中 ,构成现在进行时。所以填working。
（2）including.考查介词。句意：2019年9月至2020年10月 ,包括中国在内的20个国家的科学家在北极花了一年时间收集有关环境和气候变化的数据。根据"Scientists from 20 countries ,i...China"可知 ,此处表示"包括" ,用介词including。所以填including。
（3）keep.考查动词。句意：他们预测 ,如果我们继续这样下去 ,在短短几 十年内 ,北极将在夏季没有冰。根据"They predict t hat if we...going as we are"可知 ,此处表示"如果 气候变化仍然继续" ,keep"继续"符合语境。所以填keep。
（4）forced.考查动词。句意：但当海冰融化时 ,它们被迫上岸 ,那里没有足够的食物。根据"But when the sea ice melts ,they are f..onto land" 可知 ,此处是be forced to do sth.短语 ,意为"被迫做某事"。所以填forced。
（5）drop.考查动词。句意：科学家表示 ,到2050年 ,北极熊的数量将减少三分之二 ,不到1万只。根据"Scientists say the number of polar bears will d...by two﹣thirds to less than 10 ,000 by 2050."可知 ,北极熊的数量将减少三分之二 ,drop"降低"符合语境。所以填drop。
（6）As.考查介词。句意：随着天气变暖 ,北极的雨比雪多。根据"...the days get warmer ,there's more rain than snow in the Arctic."可知 ,此处表示"随着天气变暖" ,as"随着"符合语境 ,句首需大写首字母 ,所以填As。
（7）instead.考查副词。句意：当下雨时 ,它把动物的食物锁在冰里而不是雪里。根据"When rain falls ,it locks there animals' food in ice i...of snow."可知 ,此处是instead of短语 ,意为"而不是"。所以填instead。
（8）reach.考查动词。句意：他们中的许多人饿死了 ,因为他们够不到冰下的食物。根据"Many of them starve（挨饿） to death because they can't r...the food under the ice."可知 ,因为够不到冰下的食物 ,所以饿死了 ,reach"够得到"符合语境。所以填reach。
（9）living.考查名词。句意：这种损失摧毁了以驯鹿和北美驯鹿为生的土著人民的生活。根据"Such losses have destroyed the lives of indigenous（土著的） people who depend on reindeer and caribou for a..."可知 ,此处是for a living短语 ,意为"为....谋生"。所以填living。
（10）frozen.考查动词。句意：但随着这些动物的消失 ,它们存在了数千年的传统生活方式可能只会在未来被冻结在记忆中。根据 "which has existed for thousands of years ,may be...only in memory in the future"可知 ,此处表示"冻结在记忆中" ,frozen"冻结的"作表语。所以填frozn。
6．Zhong Nanshan：model of doctors
Born in October ,1936 ,Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest doctors in China.
For years as a leading Chinese expert in respiratory （呼吸的）diseases ,Zhong was well known among his co﹣workers ,but the outbreak of SARS has turned him （1）i 　nto　 a household name across the country.In 2002 ,SARS （2）b 　roke　 out in Guangdong Province.Later ,it spread across China and （3）o 　ther　 parts of the world.Patients coughed a lot and got fevers.Hundreds of them died of the disease.Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated the patients.So everyone was afraid of it.But Zhong was （4）b 　rave　 enough to fight the disease.He spent days and nights （5）l 　ooking　 for the cause of the disease.And with his way of treating the disease ,more and more patients got （6）b 　etter　.
In the late 2019 ,the novel coronavirus hit Wuhan.It spread （7）q 　uickly　.Then （8）t 　housands　 of Chinese people were infected.Zhong ,again ,became the public face of China's effort to control the virus and was named as the head to lead the investigation （调查）into the virus.He led his team to Wuhan by （9）h 　imself　.He advised people to wear masks ,often wash hands ,stay at home and not to go to crowded places.
Zhong likes （10）s 　ports　very much.When he was 67 ,he could still play basketball.Now at the age of 84 ,Zhong still works in the front line. "I am just a doctor , " he said.But we think he is a hero and a fighter.
文章主旨：本文介绍了中国的抗议英雄钟南山在2002年非典和2019年新冠肺炎中做出了巨大的贡献。
答案详解：（1）into.考查介词。句意：但非典的爆发使他在全国家喻户晓。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑into ,turn sb into"把某人变成" ,这里指把钟南山变成了家喻户晓的名字 ,所以填into。
（2）broke.考查动词。句意：2002年 ,广东省爆发了非典型肺炎。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑break ,break out为固定短语"突然爆发 ,突然发生"符合题意 ,根据时间可知用一般过去时 ,所以填broke。
（3）other.考查形容词。句意：后来 ,它传遍了中国和世界其他地方。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑other"其他的"符合题意 ,所以填other。
（4）brave.考查形容词。句意：但钟山却勇敢地与病魔作斗争。根据前文每个人都很害怕 ,But一转折表明钟南山不害怕 ,根据首字母 ,可知这里填brave"勇敢的" ,所以填brave。
（5）looking.考查固定短语。句意：他日夜寻找引起这种疾病的原因。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑look ,look for为固定短语"寻找" ,spend time doing ,所以填looking。
（6）better.考查比较级。句意：根据他的治疗方法 ,越来越多的病人好转了。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑better ,这里指他的治疗方法不错 ,越来越多的病人好转了 ,所以填better。
（7）quickly.考查副词。句意：2019年末 ,新型冠状病毒袭击武汉。它传播迅速。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑quickly ,spread quickly表示病毒传播的很快 ,所以填quickly。
（8）thousands.考查固定短语。句意：然后成千上万的中国人被感染了。thousands of为固定搭配 ,意为"成千上万的"符合题意 ,所以填thousands。
（9）himself.考查反身代词。句意：他亲自带队来到武汉。根据句意及首字母 ,考虑himself ,by oneself意为"亲自" ,所以填himself。
（10）sports.考查名词。句意：钟非常喜欢运动。根据后文"he could still play basketball"结合首字母 ,可知他非常喜欢运动 ,所以填sports。
7．
Awakening Age（《觉醒年代》）
In 2021 ,a TV series called The Awakening Age became popular among young people.It is very rare that a historical drama could achieve such high word﹣ of mouth praise.It shows h（1）　istory　from the New Culture Movement（新文化运动）to the founding of the Communist Party of China （CPC）.It also s（2）　hows　us the difficulty of the period of founding the Party and the great man's patriotic feelings.
I like it b（3）　ecause　I can feel the power of youth from the drama.The Awakening Age is a work that makes one's blood boil.Many students gave s（4）　peeches　 in the streets in order to wake people up to the problems.They tried their best to f（5）　ight　for a better world.Also ,they spread ideas of democracy（民主）and science no matter w（6）　hat　troubles they would get into.
A（7）　mong　all the characters ,I admire Chen Yannian most.He has made great contributions（贡献）to the d（8）　evelopment　of the CPC.Although his life was short — he only lived to the age of 29 ,his s（9）　pirit　will always live in people's hearts.
It is the most meaningful and interesting TV drama that I have ever seen.The show e（10）　ncourages　me to face difficulties in a brave and positive way.We are supposed to treasure our current happy life more.
文章主旨：本文介绍了2021 ,一部叫《觉醒时代》的电视剧在年轻人中很流行。一部历史剧能获得如此高的口碑赞誉是非常罕见的。它展示了从新文化运动到中国共产党成立的历史。它也向我们展示了建党时期的艰难困苦和伟人的爱国情怀。
答案详解：（1）history.考查动词。根据后面提到的from the New Culture Movement（新文化运动）to the founding of the Communist Party of China （CPC） ,结合首字母 ,可知是history"历史" ,为不可数名词。句意：它展示了从新文化运动到中国共产党成立的历史。所以填：history。
（2）shows.考查动词。根据前面提到的It shows ,结合首字母 ,可知是shows展示" ,根据It shows ,可知时态为一般现在时 ,主语为"it" ,故用show的第三人称单数形式shows。句意：它也向我们展示了建党时期的艰难困苦和伟人的爱国情怀。所以填：shows。
（3）because.考查副词。根据后面提到的I can feel the power of youth from the drama ,结合首字母 ,可知是because"因为" ,为连词 ,连接两个句子 ,表原因。句意：我喜欢它 ,因为我能从戏剧中感受到青春的力量。所以填：because。
（4）speeches.考查形容词。根据gave...in the streets ,结合首字母 ,可知是speech"演讲 ,Many students为可数名词复数 ,故用speech的复数形式"speeches"。句意：许多学生在街上发表演讲 ,以唤醒人们对这些问题的认识。所以填：speeches。
（5）fight.考查名词。根据后面提到的for a better world ,结合首字母 ,可知是fight"奋战" ,"尽最大努力做某事"为"try one's best to do sth" ,故用fight的原形。句意：他们尽最大努力为一个更美好的世界而战。所以填：fight。
（6）what.考查副词。根据前面提到的no matter ,结合首字母 ,可知是no matter what"无论什么"。句意：此外 ,他们传播民主和科学的思想 ,无论遇到什么困难。所以填：what。
（7）Among.考查动词。根据后面提到的all the characters ,结合首字母 ,可知是Among"在三者或三者以上之间"。句意：在所有的人物中 ,我最钦佩陈延年。所以填：Among。
（8）development.考查连词。根据made great contributions（贡献）to the ...of the CPC ,结合首字母 ,可知是development"发展" ,为不可数名词。句意：他为中国共产党的发展作出了巨大贡献。所以填：development。
（9）spirit.考查名词。根据后面提到的live in people's hearts ,结合首字母 ,可知是spirit"精神" ,为不可数名词。句意：虽然他的生命很短暂﹣﹣﹣他只活到29岁 ,但他的精神将永远活在人们的心中。所以填：spirit。
（10）encourages.考查动词。根据后面提到的 to face difficulties in a brave and positive way ,结合首字母 ,可知是encourage"鼓励" ,这里描述的是一般事实 ,故时态为一般现在时 ,主语为the show ,故用encourage的第三人称单数形式encourages。句意：这个节目鼓励我勇敢而积极地面对困难。所以填：encourages。
8．It's （1）k　nown　 that China is a country with the largest population in the world.To deal with the population problem ,our government decided to have one﹣child policy （政策）.After the policy was（2）c　arried　 out for some time ,while it did help to control the population growth ,problems like aging also became clear.So all Chinese （3）c　ouples　 were told that they could be allowed to have two children.As the one﹣child policy came to an end ,many Chinese children , （4）i　cluding　 you may have a brother or sister in the future.
But what would your life be like （5）g　rowing　 up with a brother or a sister？
Having a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings ,such as （6）l　oneliness　 and fear.Your brother or sister can give you something that parents can't give you.You may not feel lonely at home any more because there will be someone playing with you and sharing secrets with you.Of course ,sometimes you may （7）a　rgue　 or even fight with him or her ,but you will （8）f　orgive　 each other soon.
Although now the government （9）e　ncourages　 people to have more children ,most young people don't want more children because of the pressure from work and family.Maybe it takes a period of time for people to accept the new （10）p　olicy　.
文章主旨：本文是一篇说明文 ,主要讲述了中国政府为了解决人口老龄化问题而开放二孩政策的好处及遇到的问题。
答案详解：（1）known.考查形容词。根据文中可知众所周知 ,中国是世界上人口最多的国家 ,首字母是k ,known表示出名的、已知的 ,形容词。其次句型It is known that…表示众所周知…… ,所以答案是：known.
（2）carried.考查动词。根据文中可知中国的一胎政策实施了一段时间 ,首字母是c ,carry表示拿、提 ,动词 ,carry out表示实施、执行。其次主语policy和谓语carry out是被动关系 ,则此处应用一般过去时的被动语态 ,其结构是主语+was/were done ,carry的过去分词是carried ,所以答案是：carried.
（3）couples.考查名词。根据文中problems like aging also became clear.可知独生子女政策引起了老龄化问题 ,因此所有的中国夫妇被告知他们可以允许生两个孩子 ,首字母是c ,couple表示夫妻 ,可数名词。其次all指全部、所有 ,其后跟可数名词复数形式 ,所以答案是：couples.
（4）including.考查介词。根据文中As the one﹣child policy came to an end ,many Chinese children…you may have a brother or sister in the future.可知伴随独生子女政策的结束 ,许多中国孩子 ,包括你在内 ,可能在未来会有一个弟弟或者妹妹 ,首字母是i ,including表示包括 ,介词 ,所以答案是：including.
（5）growing.考查动词现在分词。根据下文Having a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings可知此处和一个弟弟或者妹妹成长你的生活会是什么样呢 ,首字母是g ,grow表示生长、长大 ,grow up表示成长 ,此处应用grow的现在分词形式作伴随状语 ,所以答案是：growing.
（6）loneliness.考查名词。根据文中Having a brother or sister can keep you away from some bad feelings及下文You may not feel lonely at home any more because there will be someone playing with you and sharing secrets with you.可知有一个弟弟或者妹妹可以让你不再有寂寞和害怕这些不好的感受 ,划线处缺一个名词和fear构成并列关系 ,首字母是l ,loneliness表示孤单、寂寞 ,不可数名词 ,所以答案是：loneliness.
（7）argue.考查动词。根据文中or even fight with him or her可知你可能会和弟弟或者妹妹争吵 ,甚至打架 ,首字母是a ,argue表示争论、争吵 ,动词。may是情态动词 ,后跟动词原形 ,所以答案是：argue.
（8）forgive.考查动词。根据文中but可知你可能会和弟弟或者妹妹争吵打架 ,但是你们很快会原谅彼此 ,首字母是f ,forgive表示原谅 ,动词。其次该句是一般将来时 ,其结构是主语+will+动词原形 ,所以答案是：forgive.
（9）encourages.考查动词。根据上文可知因人口老龄化问题政府开放了二孩政策 ,现在政府鼓励人们生活生更多的孩子 ,首字母是e ,encourage表示鼓励 ,encourage sb.to do sth.表示鼓励某人做某事。其次本句是一般现在时 ,其结构是主语+动词原形 ,此处主语the government是第三人称单数 ,则谓语应用第三人称单数形式 ,所以答案是：encourages.
（10）policy.考查名词。根据文中most young people don't want more children because of the pressure from work and family.可知虽然政府现在鼓励人们生更多的孩子 ,但是大多数年轻人因为工作和家庭压力不想要更多的孩子 ,所以对他们来说接受这个新的政策需要一段时间 ,首字母是p ,policy表示政策 ,可数名词 ,此处用其单数形式即可 ,所以答案是：policy.
9．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was written in 1876 by the famous writer Mark Twain.It is a story filled with action ,adventure ,exciting ideas ,love and education.
One of the main themes of the story is moral growth.Tom Sawyer was a （1）c 　ute　 ,but naughty（淘气的） young boy living with his aunt Polly in the small town by the Mississippi River after his mother died.He always had a lot of good ideas ,but didn't like school ,and was always absent （2）f 　rom　 school to fish.One night ,Tom and his friend Huck Finn witnessed Indian Joe murder Doctor Robinson at midnight. （3）A 　lthough　he was very frightened ,he spoke out the murderer.Tom later showed how brave he was by leading his friends out of the caves where Indian Joe （4）h 　id　 a lot of treasure.After finding the treasure ,Tom finally became very rich.Everyone in the village （5）c 　onsidered　him as a hero for the things he did.
The story also explores the theme of freedom（ 自 由 ）.As Tom grew up ,he （6）r 　ealized　that freedom had its price and that in order to live in society ,we must accept some compromises（妥协）.
This book is based on Mark Twain's own childhood and his personal（7）e 　xperience　.Perhaps ,it is a little （8）d 　ifficult　 to read the book at first and it will take you a while to get used to the English in the book in the 19th（9）c 　entury　.But on the whole ,the book is an enjoyable read for people of all ages.
Since the book was （10）f 　irst　published in 1876 ,there have been many films based on the story which has remained a classic children's story.The story is continued in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

文章主旨：本文主要介绍了Tom Sawyer这本书的主要内容。
答案详解：（1）cute.考查形容词。根据"Tom Sawyer was a （1）c _____ but naughty（淘气的） young boy "结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指Tom Sawyer是一个可爱的而又淘气的小男孩 ,在was后面 ,所以要用形容词cute来填空 ,作表语。所以填cute.
（2）from.考查介词。根据"was always absent （2）f _____ school"结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指总是不去上学 ,所以要用from来填空 ,be absent from固定短语 ,缺席。所以填from.
（3）Although.考查连词。根据"（3）A _____he was very frightened ,"结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指尽管他很害怕 ,所以要用Although来填空 ,引导让步状语从句 ,在句首要大写。所以填Although.
（4）hid.考查动词。根据"Indian Joe （4）h _____ a lot of treasure."结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指Indian Joe藏了很多财宝 ,主体时态是一般过去时 ,所以要用hid来填空。所以填hid.
（5）considered.考查动词。根据"Everyone in the village （5）c _____him as a hero "结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指村里的每一个人都认为他是一个英雄 ,主体时态是一般过去时 ,所以要用considered来填空 ,consider…as…把…看做…。所以填considered.
（6）realized.考查动词。根据"he （6）r _____that freedom had its price "结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指他意识到自由是有它的价值的 ,主体时态是一般过去时 ,所以要用realized来填空。所以填realized.
（7）experience.考查名词。根据"This book is based on Mark Twain's own childhood and his personal（7）e _____. "结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指这本书是以马克吐温自己的童年和他个人的经历为背景的 ,所以要用experience来填空。所以填experience.
（8）difficult.考查形容词。根据" it is a little （8）d _____ to read the book at first "结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指开始的时候读这本书是有点困难的 ,所以要用形容词difficult来填空。所以填difficult.
（9）century.考查名词。根据" in the 19th（9）c _____"结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指在19世纪 ,所以要用century来填空。所以填century.
（10）first.考查序数词。根据"Since the book was （10）f_____published in 1876 ,"结合给出的首字母提示 ,可知此处是指这本书在1876年第一次被印刷以来 ,所以要用first来填空。所以填first.
10．We all have goals that are important to us. How we achieve these goals depends on many things. One important thing is practice. Practice helps us （1）d　evelop　 the skills to achieve our goals. One day , a teacher who taught pottery（陶艺） told his class that he was （2）d　ividing　 the class into two groups. Group 1 had to make as （3）m　any　 pots as they could. If they made 50 pots , they would get a grade A , 40 pots a grade B , etc. Group2 had to make one pot that was the （4）b　est　 it could be and perfect. If it was perfect it would get a grade A.
At the end of the Pottery classes , the teacher found that a curious fact had happened. The pots that were of the best and highest quality were all produced by Group 1. For Group2 , they （5）s　pent　 so much time discussing the best design for their pot （6）t　hat　 they failed to make a single good pot The best pots were produced by the group who made the most. So , what was the reason for this？ Group 1 was （7）b　usy　making as many pots as possible. They were practicing , developing skill and learning from their （8）m　embers　. Meanwhile , Group2 were sitting around talking about it. When they came up with their design , they were （9）u　nable　 to make it because they had no skills. So , to achieve our goals , we need the skills to get there. This means lots of （10）p　ractice　 , for example , making lots of pots. When you do something regularly , you improve your skill. Then you make progress towards your goals.
文章主旨：决定成功的因素有很多 ,而练习就是其中之一。本文以两组制作陶罐的学生的实例为例子 ,说明练习的重要性。
答案详解：1. develop.考查动词。根据语境可知句意是 ,练习有助于我们发展技能来达成目标。develop开发；发展。本句是help sb do sth句型 ,意思是"帮助某人做某事"。所以填develop.
2. dividing.考查动词。根据语境可知句意是 ,一天 ,一位教陶艺的老师告诉他的学生说 ,他把同学们分成两组。divide into把……分成。本句是过去进行时 ,所以填divide的现在分词。所以填dividing.
3. many.考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是 ,一组必须尽可能制作够多的陶罐。many是形容词 ,修饰可数名词复数pots ,表示"很多的"。所以填many.
4. best.考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是 ,二组必须制作一个最好、最完美的陶罐。best是形容词 ,意思是"最好的"。所以填best.
5. spent.考查动词。根据句中"so much time discussing"可知 ,本句说的是他们花费很多时间讨论陶罐的设计问题。本句是spend some time doing sth句型 ,意思是"花费时间做某事" ,所以填spend的过去式 ,表示过去发生的事情。所以填spent.
6. that. 考查连词。根据句中"so"可知 ,应填连词that ,来引导结果状语从句 ,即本句是"so…that"句型 ,意思是"非常……以至于"。句意：二组花费很多时间讨论陶罐的设计问题 ,以至于连一个好的陶罐也没有制作出来。所以填that.
7. busy.考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是 ,一组忙于制作尽可能多的陶罐。本句是be busy doing sth句型 ,意思是"忙于做某事"。所以填busy.
8. members.考查名词。根据语境可知句意是 ,他们一直在练习、提高技术、成员之间互相学习。member是可数名词 ,用其复数表示"成员"整体概念。所以填members.
9. unable. 考查形容词。根据上文"Group2 were sitting around talking about it"可知 ,二组一直坐在那里讨论。当他们想到一个设计方案时 ,他们却不能制造 ,因为他们没有技术。be unable to do sth不能做某事。所以填unable.
10. practice.考查名词。根据语境可知句意是 ,以制作陶罐为例 ,这就意味着 ,多多练习就是制作很多陶罐。practice是不可数名词 ,意思是"练习" ,充当介宾。可知 ,practice.
11．A group of university graduates visited their old professor （教授）. During their visit , the graduates were complaining about their problems and （1）s　tress　in work and in life.
After （2）o　ffering　coffee to his guests , the professor went to the kitchen and came back with a coffee pot and a tray （托 盘 ） , crowded with many （3）d　ifferent　cups. Some cups were simple , other ones expensive. The professor asked them to pick out their cups first. When the graduates picked out their favorite cups , the professor （4）e　xplained　. "Notice how all the beautiful cups were picked out and the simple and cheap ones were left."
"（5）W　anting　only the best things for yourself is the source of your problems and stress. You need to understand that the cup doesn't make the coffee（6）b　etter　. Actually , all that you wanted was the coffee , not the cup. But you consciously （有意识地） （7）c　hose　the best cups , and then looked to see what cups others picked."
"Life is the coffee. Your job , money , position in society…they are the cups. The type of cup doesn't determine the quality of life. Sometimes , by concentrating only on the cups , we （8）f　ail　to enjoy the taste of coffee. The happiest people are not those who have the best things , but those who enjoy life and make the most of what they have."
Hearing this , the graduates were speechless. They had learned another important life（9）l　esson　from their old professor﹣that true happiness means enjoying life and not （10）w　orrying　 about unimportant things.
文章主旨：本文主要讲述的一位教授用杯子和咖啡的关系告诉他的学生要真正的享受生活 ,不要受到额外的压力的影响。
答案详解：（1）stress.考查名词。根据后文Wanting only the best things for yourself is the source of your problems and stress提示 ,结合空缺处 ,以s开头 ,可知需要填入一个名词 ,表示"压力" ,用.stress.所以答案是stress。
（2）offering.考查动名词。根据句意 ,在__咖啡给他的客人后 ,结合空缺处 ,以o开头 ,可知需要填入一个动词 ,表示"提供" ,用offer ,after是介词 ,所以用动名词offering.所以答案是offering。

（3）different.考查形容词。根据句意 ,这个教授进了厨房并拿出了一个咖啡壶和一个托盘 ,托盘有很多__杯子。一些杯子是简单的 ,一些杯子是昂贵的。结合空缺处 ,以d开头 ,可知需要填入一个形容词 ,表示"不同的" ,用different。所以答案是different。
（4）explained.考查动词。根据句意 ,当这个毕业生挑选了他们最喜欢的杯子 ,这个教授__ ,"注意一下所有的漂亮杯子是如何被选掉了而简单又便宜的杯子都剩下了"。结合空缺处 ,以e开头 ,可知需要填入一个动词 ,表示"解释" ,用explain.结合时态是一般过去时 ,所以动词用过去式 ,用explained.所以答案是explained.
（5）Wanting.考查动名词。根据句意 ,只是__最好的东西给你自己是你的问题和压力的来源。结合空缺处 ,以W开头 ,可知需要填入一个动词 ,表示"想要" ,用want ,结合作主语 ,可知需要用动名词 ,用wanting ,放句首首字母要大写 ,用Wanting.所以答案是Wanting。
（6）better.考查副词的比较级。根据句意 ,你需要理解杯子不能让咖啡__ ,事实上 ,你只要咖啡 ,而不是杯子。结合空缺处 ,以b开头 ,可知需要填入一个副词的比较级 ,表示"更好" ,用better.所以答案是better。
（7）chose.考查动词。根据句意 ,但是你有意识地__最好的杯子 ,并看看其他人选了什么杯子。结合空缺处 ,以c开头 ,可知需要填入一个动词 ,表示"选择" ,用choose.结合时态是一般过去时 ,所以动词要用过去式 ,用chose.所以答案是chose。
（8）fail.考查动词。根据句意 ,有时候 ,只是集中注意到杯子 ,我们__享受到咖啡的味道。结合空缺处 ,以f开头 ,可知需要用固定搭配fail to do sth表示"不能做某事" ,填入一个动词fail ,结合时态是一般现在时态 ,主语是we ,所以用动词原形fail.所以答案是fail。
（9）lesson.考查名词。根据句意 ,他们从老教授那里学到了人生的另一种重要的课程。结合空缺处 ,以l开头 ,可知需要填入一个名词单数 ,表示"课程" ,用lesson。.所以答案是lesson。
（10）worrying.考查动名词。根据句意 ,真正的快乐是享受生活而不是__不重要的事情。结合空缺处 ,以w开头 ,可知需要填入一个动词 ,表示"担心" ,用worry.结合前面动词用的enjoying ,and并列后动词仍然用worrying.所以答案是worrying。
12．What can make you successful？The most important thing is your habits.If you have good habits ,your dream（1）　will　be successful in the future.Having good habits doesn't mean that you will be successful every time.（2）　But　if you keep working hard ,your dream will come true in the end.
Habits mean you keep doing（3）　the　same action every day.Doing the good action over and over（4）　again　will make a difference to your life.For example ,if you do exercise every day ,you will see a big difference in your body.So ,how can you form good habits？Of course ,you have to do the good action every day.If you want to form a habit（5）　of　eating healthy food ,eat healthily every day.If you want to form a habit of reading ,read every day.The more you do an action ,the easier it becomes.
文章主旨：本文主要提出了习惯是让一个人成功的关键 ,并讲述了什么是好习惯 ,如何养成好习惯等。
答案详解：（1）will。考查助动词。根据If you have good habits ,your dream...be successful in the future ,可知句子为if引导的条件状语从句 ,结合"主将从现"的规则 ,主句应为一般将来时 ,空处应为will；句意为：如果你有好的习惯 ,你的梦想将来会成功。所以答案是：will。
（2）But。考查连词。根据前文Having good habits doesn't mean that you will be successful every time ,可知句意为：拥有好习惯不代表你每次都能成功 ,下文if you keep working hard ,your dream will come true in the end句意为：如果你努力工作 ,你将会实现梦想。可知两句话为转折关系 ,因此空处为but ,位于句首应大写首字母。所以答案是：But。
（3）the。考查冠词。根据Habits mean you keep doing...same action every day ,可知句中包含词组the same ,表示"相同的" ,因此空处为定冠词the；句意为：习惯意味着你每天保持做相同的事情。所以答案是：the。
（4）again。考查副词。根据Doing the good action over and over...will make a difference to your life ,可知句中包含词组over and over again ,表示"一遍又一遍" ,因此空处为again；句意为：一遍又一遍地做好的事情会让你的生活有所不同。所以答案是：again。
（5）of。考查介词。根据If you want to form a habit...eating healthy food ,eat healthily every day ,可知句中包含词组a habit of doing sth. ,表示"做某事的习惯"；句意为：如果你想养成吃健康食物的习惯 ,那么每天都要健康地饮食；下文中 a habit of reading也是参考。所以答案是：of。
13．Ten﹣year﹣old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important.He often p（1）　racticed　it by volunteering with his family.But last year ,after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest ,he became crazy about it.Now he works to s（2）　pread　kindness everywhere through projects that help others.He c（3）　alls　his campaign（运动）the Race to Kindness.
Spreading Hugs
After a teacher told him about the contest ,Orion had only 24 hours to w（4）　rite　 ,memorize（熟记） ,and record his speech.In it ,he talked about the importance of kindness﹣﹣especially right now ,when many are facing d（5）　ifficulty　from the pandemic（疫情）and dealing with injustice.
"Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it and those who may not know they need it." Orion said.He e（6）　ncouraged　listeners to join him in "the race of kindness" by doing small ,kind acts for others.
Orion's speech won the contest.He used his ＄500 prize to fund（资助） his first Race to Kindness project ,a toy drive for a local children's hospital.He collected 619 toys.After that ,Orion wanted to make an even b（7）　igger　influence.Working with a nonprofit（非盈利） ,he packed meal bags for people in need.He included a kind message for each recipient（接受者）.Orion also o（8）　rganized　several events in his community.In all ,he collected more than 100 ,000 m（9）　eals　!
Everybody Wins
Orion believes that everyone wins this race.He says ,"If you're kind to someone else ,it can make their day b（10）　righter　 and inspire（激励）that person to be kind to somebody else.And then it just grows and grows ,and it can make the world a better place."
文章主旨：本文介绍了一位10岁的孩子Orion从小就知道善良的重要性 ,他通过一场比赛来传播善良的重要性 ,并鼓励听众一起多做善事 ,他坚信如果你善待他人 ,这会让他们的生活更美好 ,并激励他们传递善意。然后它就会不断增长 ,它会让世界变得更美好。
答案详解：（1）practiced.考查动词。根据句意：他经常通过和家人一起做志愿者来练习。这是说的去年以前 ,所以要用一般过去时态 ,动词要用过去式 ,所以填practiced。
（2）spread.考查动词。根据句意：现在 ,他通过帮助他人的项目 ,在世界各地传播善意。spread传播 ,to+动词原形 ,所以填spread。
（3）calls.考查动词。根据句意：他把自己的竞选活动称为慈善竞赛。一般现在时 ,he第三人称单数 ,动词要用第三人称单数 ,所以填calls。
（4）write.考查。根据句意：Orion只有24小时来书写、记忆和记录他的演讲。write写 ,to+动词原形 ,所以填write。
（5）difficulty.考查名词。根据句意：当许多人面临疫情带来的困难和处理不公时。difficulty不可数名词 ,所以填difficulty。
（6）encouraged.考查动词。根据句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加"善良的竞赛" ,为他人做一些小而善良的事情。encourage鼓励 ,前后时态一致 ,前面是一般过去时态 ,所以填encouraged。
（7）bigger.考查形容词。根据句意：在那之后 ,Orion想要产生更大的影响。even用在比较级前加强程度 ,所以填bigger。
（8）organized.考查动词。根据句意：Orion还在他的社区组织了几次活动。organize组织 ,前后时态一致 ,前面是一般过去时态 ,所以填organized。
（9）meals.考查名词。根据句意：他总共收集了10万多顿饭的粮食！100 ,000 后面加名词复数 ,所以填meals。
（10）brighter.考查形容词。根据句意：如果你对别人友善 ,这可以让他们的日子更美好 ,激励他们对别人友善。和以前相比 ,所以要用比较级 ,所以填brighter。
14．I told my mother everything and we knew that we were in d（1）　anger　.The sailors were sure to come back for the captain's chest.We quickly went to the nearest v（2）　illage　to ask for help.But everyone in the village was a（3）　fraid　of the Captain and nobody wanted to come back to the inn with us.We went back to the inn and locked the door b（4）　ehind　us.The captain was lying on the floor of the parlour.He looked terrible.We soon found his key on a string a（5）　round　his neck.My mother took the key and we hurried up to the captain's room and opened his chest.
It was f（6）　illed　with clothes and tobacco and other things ,but right at the bottom there were some papers and a bag of gold.My mother started c（7）　ounting　out the money that the captain owed （欠） us.
I suddenly heard the tapping of the blind man's stick outside.We heard him knocking on the door and t（8）　rying　 to open it ,but thankfully it was locked.He walked off and some moments later ,we heard a whistle blowing.My mother took the money she had got and I got some papers to make up the d（9）　ifference　 .We quickly left the inn and h（10）　ide　 near a bridge by the river.Behind us we heard footsteps and we saw a light moving in the darkness.
﹣From Treasure Island
文章主旨：本文节选自小说《金银岛》的一个片段 ,讲述了作者及母亲发现处于危险中 ,到最近的村子去求助 ,但是村子里的每个人都很害怕船长。所以作者和母亲回到小屋锁上门 ,找到船长的钥匙 ,从他的箱子里找到了一些东西。最后作者和母亲拿着钱和一些文件躲到了河边一座桥的附近。
答案详解：（1）danger.考查名词。句意：我告诉我的母亲一切事 ,我们知道我们有危险。根据后文"ask for help"及首字母提示可知表达"处于危险中" ,用短语"be in danger"。所以填danger。
（2）village.考查名词。句意：我们迅速到最近的村子去求救。根据"the nearest"可知 ,用单数名词作宾语。根据后文"everyone in the village"可知 ,表达"去最近的村子" ,用名词"village"。所以填village。
（3）afraid.考查形容词。句意：但是村子里的每个人都很害怕船长 ,没有人想和我们一起回到小屋。根据"nobody wanted to come back to the inn with us"及首字母提示可知 ,此处表达"害怕" ,用短语"be afraid of"。所以填afraid。
（4）behind.考查介词。句意：我们回到小屋 ,锁上我们身后的门。根据"locked the door"及首字母提示可知 ,表达"在我们后面" ,用介词"behind"。所以填behind。
（5）around.考查介词。句意：很快我们找到了他的钥匙 ,挂在绳子上 ,绳子绕在他脖子上。根据"string"及"his neck"可知 ,此处表达"绳子绕在脖子上"。根据首字母提示可知用介词"around"。所以填around。
（6）filled.考查动词。句意：箱子里装满了衣服、香烟和其他的东西 ,但是在底部是一些文件和一包金子。"It"指代"his chest" ,根据"clothes and tobacco and other things"可知 ,描述了大箱子里装的东西 ,根据首字母提示可知 ,句子要用短语be filled with"装满"。所以填filled。
（7）counting.考查动名词。句意：我的母亲把船长欠我们的钱数了拿出来。表达"开始做某事" ,用短语"start doing"。根据"the money"可知 ,表达数钱 ,根据首字母提示可知用动名词"counting"。所以填counting。
（8）trying.考查现在分词。句意：我们听到他敲门 ,试着打开门 ,但是让我们感激的是 ,门是锁着的。句子用"hear sb.doing"表达"听到某人正在做某事" ,根据"knocking"及"and"可知 ,空处填现在分词形成并列结构。根据"to open it"及首字母提示可知 ,表达"试着去开门" ,用短语"try to do"。"try"的现在分词形式是"trying"。所以填trying。
（9）difference.考查名词。句意：我的母亲拿着她得到的钱 ,我拿了一些文件弥补差额。根据前文"the money"及"make up"可知 ,表达"弥补差额" ,根据首字母提示可知用名词"difference"。所以填difference。
（10）hid.考查动词。句意：我们迅速离开小屋 ,躲到河边一座桥的附近。根据"left"及"and"可知 ,用动词的过去式形成并列结构。根据前文讲述的向最近的村子求助 ,回来锁门的动作及首字母提示可知 ,此处表达"要躲藏起来" ,用动词过去式"hid"。所以填hid。
15．In big cities ,things never stop.There are always lots of things happening.You can hear the sound of the （1）t 　rumpet　.Cars and buses are going from place to place.And if you need something ,you can find it.If you want something ,you can find it.It's eleven o'clock at night and you feel like having some pizza？No （2）p 　roblem　!
Maybe the noise is too much for you.You would rather hear the sounds of water running past or birds（3）s 　inging　in the trees.Then you are more of a country person.You don't like to be in a （4）h 　urry　.You would rather relax and breathe the fresh air.You'd rather walk through the woods.
Every coin （硬币） has two sides.The air in the city is not clean.At night ,you cannot see the stars（5）b 　ecause　the lights of the buildings and cars are too bright.You cannot swing your arms when you are walking down the street.You might hit someone by mistake.（6）I　f　you like to have space around you ,the city is not the place to be.
The country can be（7）d 　ifficult　.Everything is far apart.So ,if you need to go anywhere ,you might have to drive.And it could take you a long time.So ,if your（8）r 　an　out of milk ,it is not so easy to go to the store.Things that are easy in the city are harder in the country.For example ,your yard would be bigger.It would take （9）l 　ong　to cut the grass or clean up the leaves.Also ,it would be harder to clear away the snow.
（10）W 　hoever　you are a city person or a country person ,it is important to find a balance.Move at the speed you are comfortable with.Spend time doing activities you enjoy.What is more ,be sure to spend time in nature and also with people.
文章主旨：文章讲了大城市和农村的优点和缺点。
答案详解：（1）trumpet.考查名词。根据后面提到的Cars and buses are going from place to place.汽车和公共汽车从一个地方开到另一个地方。结合首字母 ,可知是trumpet"喇叭"。the sound of the thumpet 喇以声。句意：你可以听到喇叭声。所以填trumpet。
（2）problem.考查名词。根据短语No problem ,表示没问题。结合首字母 ,可知是 problem"问题"。句意：没问题。所以填problem。
（3）singing.考查动词。根据句意你宁愿听到流水声或鸟儿在树上歌唱。hear ...doing听到……正在……。结合首字母 ,可知是singing"歌唱"。所以填singing。
（4）hurry.考查名词。根据下文You would rather relax.你宁愿放松。可知此句是说你不喜欢匆忙。短语in a hurry表示匆忙。结合首字母 ,可知是 hurry"匆忙"。所以填hurry。
（5）because.考查连词。根据句意晚上 ,你看不到星星 ,因为建筑物和汽车的灯光太亮了。结合首字母 ,可知是because"因为"；引导原因状语从句。所以填because。
（6）If.考查连词。根据句意如果你喜欢周围有空间 ,城市不是你想要的地方。结合首字母 ,可知是If"如果" ,引导条件状语从句。所以填If。
（7）difficult.考查形容词。根据句意乡下的生活也很困难。结合首字母 ,可知是difficult"困难的"。所以填difficult。
（8）ran.考查动词。根据句意所以 ,如果你的牛奶用完了 ,去商店就不那么容易了。固定短语run out of 用光 ,这里用run过去式ran表示发生在过去。所以填ran。
（9）long.考查形容词。根据上下句句意例如 ,你的院子会更大。割草或清理树叶需要很长时间。短语take long ,是花很长时间。结合首字母 ,可知是 long"很长"。所以填long。
（10）Whoever.考查代词。根据句意无论你是城市人还是乡村人 ,找到一种平衡是很重要的。结合首字母 ,可知是Whoever"无论是谁"。whoewr引导的让步状语从句。所以填Whoever。