Unit 5What were you doing when the rainstorm came知识点

Unit 5　What were you doing when the rainstorm came？单元语法一．when和while的用法：when和while都可以用来引导时间状语从句意为“当……的时候"。不同点1： 引导的时间状语从句 从句中的谓语动词 when指时间段，也可以指时间点可以是延续性动词，也可以是终止性动词while一般指一段时间表状态的延续性动词不同:2：它们和过去进行时搭配,主句和从句的时态搭配是这样的: 主句的时态连词从句的时态过去进行时when一般过去时一般过去时while过去进行时过去进行时while过去进行时例：When the rainstorm came, he was reading in the library. 暴风雨来的时候,他正在图书馆看书。 Someone came in while my mother was cooking. 我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人进来了。 They were cleaning the classroom while you were playing games.你们正在玩游戏的时候,他们正在打扫教室。 二．过去进行时1.定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2.构成: was/were+动词-ing形式(两者缺一不可)当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，be动词用was，其余人称用were3.常用时间状语:at this/that time yesterday，at six o'clock yesterday morning，all night，from 8:00 to 10:00 this morning等4.基本句式:肯定句主语+was/were+现在分词+其他.否定句主语+was/were+not+现在分词+其他.一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其他?肯定答语Yes,主语+was/were.否定答语No,主语+wasn't/weren't.例：My sister was playing with her cat. （肯定句）我妹妹正在和她的猫一起玩耍。 My sister wasn't playing with her cat. (否定句)我妹妹没和她的猫一起玩耍。 —Was your sister playing with her cat?( 一般疑问句)你妹妹在和她的猫一起玩耍吗? —Yes,she was. (肯定答语)是的,她在和她的猫一起玩耍。 —No,she wasn't. (否定答语)不,她没和她的猫一起玩耍。5.过去进行时与一般过去时的用法区别:（1）过去进行时表示过去正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作的持续性，动作可能尚未完成。（2）一般过去时则多强调动作的发生或已完成。例：（1） Mary was writing a letter to her father at that time last night.玛丽昨晚那时正在给她爸爸写信。(强调写信过程的延续性，但信不一定写完了。)（2）Mary wrote letter to her father last night.玛丽昨晚给她爸爸写了封信。(强调“写信”这个动作，信已经写完了。) Section A1. go off意为“(闹钟)发出响声”。 例：My alarm goes off at six every morning. 我的闹钟每天早晨6点响。2. pick up有如下含义:接电话The phone rang. I didn't pick up because I was busy.电话响了,我没有接电话,因为我很忙。捡起;拾起Please pick up the ruler on the ground.请把地上的尺子捡起来。搭载;接载My mother agreed to drive her new car to pick me up.我妈妈同意开着她的新车来接我。3.辨析：beat与win4. heavily 副词 “ 在很大程度上；大量地”例：It was raining heavily. 雨下得很大。5.fall asleep “进入梦乡； 睡着”例：He lay down on the sofa and soon fall asleep.
她躺在沙发上很快就睡著了。6.辨析：rise 与 raise rise不及物动词,意为“升起;提高”,表示太阳升起或价格上涨等raise及物动词,除了可以表示“提高”之外,还有“举起;提起;饲养;募集”等含义例：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。 The cost of living continues to rise. 生活费用继续上涨。 She raised the gun and fired. 她举枪射击。 7. feel like doing sth.=would like/want to do sth.“想要做某事”例：I don't feel like walking very much today. 我今天不太想散步。 8. against 介词“倚；碰；撞”例：The teachers' desk is against the wall. 教师的办公桌靠墙放着。9.make sure 1.Make sure+ that从句意为“弄明白；确信"。2.Make sure of +代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。
例： I make sure (that) he would come. 我确信他会来。Make sure of his coming before you set off. 出发之前要确定他是否来。
10.die down“逐渐变弱；逐渐消失”例：The fire died down. 火慢慢熄了。His anger has died down a bit. 他的怒气已消了一点。11.at the time of “在……的时候”例：What was the girl doing at the time of rainstorm?那个女孩在暴风雨的时候在做什么？12.at first “起初；起先”例：At first, I don’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind. 起初我不想去，但我很快就改变了主意Section B1. in silence是固定短语,意为“沉默;无声”,其中silence是名词,意为“沉默;缄默;无声”。 例：They hugged each other in silence for a long time. 他们默默地拥抱了彼此很长时间。 2. the rest of“其余的；剩下的”the rest后接介词of 再接名词用作主语时，若该名词为可数名词的复数形式，则其谓语要用复数形式；若该名词为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式，则其谓语要用单数形式。例：The rest of the boys are watching TV．其他的男孩都在看电视The rest of the money was stolen．剩下的钱被偷了。例：3.take down “拆除；往下拽；记录”Would you help me take down this tent? 你能帮我拆掉这个帐篷吗？The reporter took down everything I say. 记者把我说的都记下来了。4. have trouble(in) doing sth.“做某事有麻烦”例：I have trouble in writing words in left hand. 我用左手写字很费力。5.（1）remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事(还没做)”（2）remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事(已做过)”。例：I will remember to tell her about it.我会记得告诉她这件事。（还没告诉）Don’t you remember telling me about it yesterday? 你不记得昨天已经告诉过我了吗? （已经告诉）6. make one's way“前往;费力地前进”,后常接介词to表示方向，再接地点名词，强调克服困难，艰难地或想方设法去某地。例：He made his way to the woods. 他朝树林走去。7. have meaning to sb.“ 对某人来说有意义”例：This book has meaning to me. 这本书对我的意义很大8.短语归纳：（1）tell the truth 讲实话（2）have a look 看一看（3）by the side of 在……旁边（4）walk by 走过