第八章连词（思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼）2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

这是一份第八章连词（思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼）2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳，共10页。学案主要包含了连词的定义，连词的分类，选择填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

知识梳理
一、连词的定义
连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分,也不能重读,在句子中只起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子以及引导从句的作用.
二、连词的分类
(一)根据连词本身的形式分类
根据其构成的形式,连词可以分为4类.
1.简单连词
2.关联连词
3.短语连词
4.分词连词(它们由动词的分词转变而来)
如:suppsing (假如), cnsidering(考虑到), prvided(只要)等.
(二)根据连词的句法功能分类
根据连词的句法功能,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词两类.
1.并列连词
并列连词用来连接,按其作用可分为并列、转折、选择和因果等四大类.
(1)并列关系.
用来连接两个概念,常见的连词有:and······和······,·····以及······,既······又······,nt als...不但······而且······,既不······又不······,as well as 也,又.
①and可用来连接两个或两个以上的词、短语或句子,表示一种对等或顺承关系.
My tall friend is handsme, intelligent and strng.我那高个子朋友英俊、聪明、身体又强壮.
She sings and dances very well.她唱歌跳舞都很好.
Yu, he and I are gd friends.你、我、他都是好朋友.
Jim and Li Lei are in the same class.吉姆和李磊在同一个班级.
She is beautiful and helpful.她美丽又乐于助人.
点拨
“祈使句＋and+陈述句”用于代替条件从句.
G ahead and yu will see the hspital. = if yu g ahead, yu will see the hspital.向前走你就会看见医院.
②
Bth Tm and Jhn came t see me.汤姆和约翰两个都来看我.
Mary can bth sing and dance.玛丽既会唱歌,又会跳舞.
Bth teachers and students will g t visit the farm tmrrw.老师和学生明天都去农场参观.
点拨
连接两个主语,谓语动词要用复数.
Bth yu and I enjy music.你和我都喜欢音乐.
③ nt als...
Beijing has nt nly a lt f ld huses but als many new buildings.
北京不仅有许许多多古建筑,而且还有很多很多的新楼房.
This girl is nt nly pretty but als clever.这女孩不仅漂亮而且聪明.
点拨
(1)当连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与最近的主语在数上保持一致.
Nt nly he but als I am a teacher.不仅他,我也是个老师.
(2)由nt als...引导的句子可转换成as well as.
She is nt nly kind but als beautiful.
She is kind as well as beautiful.她不但漂亮,而且为人很好.
④
Neither animals nr plants can live withut air r water.没有空气和水,动植物都不能活.
He neither wrte nr telephned.他既没写信,也没有打电话.
点拨
当此词组作主语时,谓语动词的用法由nr后面的词而定.
Neither yu nr I am right.你和我都不对.
⑤ as well as
She is beautiful as well as clever.她漂亮也聪明.
I entered fr 100-meter-race as well as high jump.我报名参加百米赛跑和跳高.
点拨
(1)如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有as well as引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式.
He as well as I is ging t the cncert.不仅他,我也要去听音乐会.
(2)as well as侧重前者,而nt als...侧重后者.
(2)转折关系.
表示两个概念彼此有转折关系,常见的连词有:but但是,yet然而,while而,hwever可是,然而.如:
She is nt my girlfriend but my sister.她不是我的女朋友,而是我的妹妹(姐姐).
He wrked hard, yet he failed.他工作努力,可是他失败了.
Hwever, n his arrival in Paris he was recgnized as nble and thrwn int prisn.
可是,他一到巴黎就被认出是贵族,被关进了监狱.
(3)选择关系.
表示两者之间选择其一,常见的连词有或者······或者······,不是······就是······,r或者,否则,therwise 否则,r else否则.
D yu speak either English r French?你说英语还是说法语?
Either yu r she is wrng.不是你错就是她错.
He can either g swimming r play tennis.他可去游泳也可以打网球.
点拨
连接主语时,谓语动词同后一个主语一致.
Either yu r I am wrng.不是你错就是我错.
Either yu r we d the husewrk.不是你们就是我们做家务.
Either the father r his sn drives the car.不是那个父亲就是他的儿子开这辆车.
Either he r yu get it back tday.要么他要么你今天去把它取回.
(4)因果关系.
说明原因或产生的结果.常见的连词有:fr因为,s所以,因此,therefre所以,因而.
Yu'd better put n yur sweater, fr it's rather cld utside.你最好把毛衣穿上,因为外面相当冷.
These buildings were ver 50 years ld, s they were nt strng enugh.
这些建筑物已有50多年的寿命,因此不够坚固.
He brke the rules f the schl, therefre he had t leave.他违反了校规,因此只得退学.
2.从属连词
用来连接主句和名词性从句或状语从句的连词叫从属连词.
(1)引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句)的从属连词,有:that(无词义),whether/if.
Je said (that) he wuld cme.乔说过他要来.
The truble is that we are shrt f mney.困难是我们缺少资金.
Ask her if she will cme with me.请问她是否愿意跟我一起来.
He asked whether they needed sme mre tea.他问他们是否还需要茶.
(2)引导状语从句的从属连词.
①连接时间状语从句的从属连词有:since, until, after, befre, when, while, as, as sn as
Where did yu study befre yu came her?你来这儿之前在哪儿学习?
As I left the huse, I remembered the key.正要离开住所时,我想起了钥匙.
I'll g with yu as sn as I finish my wrk.我一完成工作就和你一起去.
Let's play ftball after schl.放学后,咱们踢球吧.
He has lived in Beijing since he came t China.他来华以来,一直住在北京.
Tm watched TV while he was having his supper.汤姆边吃晚饭边看电视.
He culd swim very well when he was yung.他年轻的时候,游泳游得很好.
G n till yu see a tall building n yur right.往前走,直到在你的右侧看到一所高楼.
②引导条件状语从句的有:if, even if, unless, in case, prvided that, suppse (suppsing) , as lng as, n cnditin that
If it desn't rain tmrrw, I'll g t the Great Wall.如果明天不下雨,我就去长城.
Even if yu fail again, yu shuldn't lse heart.就算再次失败你也不应该灰心.
He'll g there unless it rains.如果天不下雨,他将到那儿去.
Yu'd better take an umbrella in case it rains.你最好把雨伞带去以防下雨.
I'll g with yu prvided that everyne's ging.如果人人都去,我就跟你一起去.
Suppse yu are right, are yu happy?假定你对,你高兴吗?
As lng as he is alive, he'll wrk.只要他活着,他就要工作.
③引导原因状语从句的有:because, as, since, nw that, seeing that, fr
I must hurry because it's time fr class.我必须快点,因为该我上课了.
Since he is very busy, I wn't truble him.既然他很忙,我就不打扰他了.
Nw that the weather is fine, I want t eat ut.既然天气好,我想到饭馆里去吃饭.
I'm late fr class fr I gt up late.我迟到是因为起晚了.
④连接方式状语从句的从属连词有:as, as if(as thugh)
It lks as if it is ging t rain.看起来天气似乎要下雨.
When in Rme d as the Rmans d.入乡随俗.
Dn't make the same mistake as I did.不要犯和我同样的错误.
⑤连接结果状语从句的从属连词有,
He is such a gd persn that we all like him.他是如此好的一个人,以致我们都喜欢他.
He wrked s hard that he made gd prgress.他工作得如此努力,以致取得很大进步.
⑥连接让步状语从句的从属连词有:althugh, thugh, hwever
Althugh she was tired, she kept n wrking.虽然她很累,但仍继续工作.
Thugh he is yung, he knws a lt.他虽然年轻,但知道的很多.
⑦连接目的状语的从属连词有:s that, in rder that
I'll speak slwly s that yu can understand me.为了让你们能听懂我的话,我说慢一点.
It als shws yu the caller's telephne number in rder that yu recgnize wh it is.
它也向你显示发话人的电话号码,以便你清楚是谁给你打的电话.
⑧表示比较的从属连词有:than, ,nt
The earth is bigger than the mn(is).地球比月球大.
She is as tall as Mary.她和玛丽一样高.
好题精练
一、用适当的连词填空
1.I knw_________ English is a useful tl.
2.We wn't g t the park_________ it rains.
3.We enjyed urselves_________ the weather was bad.
4.He asked_________ Mr. Hwe had cme back.
5. _________ I gt t schl, the rain had stpped.
6. _________ he wasn't feeling well, I went there alne.
7.Mr. and Mrs. Brwn had lived in Bstn_________ they mved t Washingtn.
8.Dn't listen t the radi_________ yu are ding yur hmewrk.
9.The next day Jenny gt up very early_________ went t schl withut breakfast.
10.I have a brther_________ a sister.
11.I can swim_________ my sister can't.
12.Is this bk yurs_________ Han Mei's?
13.Mary ften helps me with my English_________ I ften help her with her Chinese.
14.Tm_________ Jim are brthers.
15.This exercise is lng_________ it's easy.
16.Take a rest, _________ yu'll feel tired,
17.My mther went shpping_________ bught nthing.
18.G t see the dctr at nce, _________ yur cld may get wrse.
19.I'll give the nte t him_________ he cmes.
20. _________ Jim_________ Kate brke the glass. The cat did.
21.Grandma is ften ill nw. She is nt_________ healthy_________ befre.
22.It was_________ dark_________ we had t feel ur way ut.
23. _________ animals_________ plants can live withut air r water.
24.This child is nly ne year ld ,he_________ can_________ read write.
25. _________ Mary_________ Tm have read this bk.
答案：
1.that 2.if 3.thugh 4.whether/ if 5.When
6.As 7.befre 8.while 9.but 10.and
11.but 12.r 13.and 14.and 15.but
16.r 17.but 18.r 19.as sn as

二、用括号内的连词改写句子
1.Yu are nt right, I think.(that)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.The by has caught a bad cld, s his mther will take him t the hspital.(because)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.I wndered whether it wuld be fine r nt.(if)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.We were waiting fr an imprtant telephne call. Just then the dr bell rang.(when)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.The by saw the dg and hid himself behind the dr at nce.(as sn as)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6.Mther was cking dinner and father was wrking in the garden.(while)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
7.They mved here in 1995.(since)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
8.When I see him, I'll give him the message.(if)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
9.It was such a heavy parcel that I culdn't lift it.()
____________________________________________________________________________________________
10.He can nt speak English. He can't speak Japanese.()
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1.I dn't think that yu are right.
2.The mther will take the by t the hspital because he has caught a bad cld.
3.I wndered if it wuld be fine.
4.We were waiting fr an imprtant telephne call when the dr bell rang.
5.As sn as the by saw the dg, he hid himself behind the dr.
6.Mther was cking dinner while father was wrking in the garden.
7.They have lived here since 1995.
8.I'll give him the message ifI see him.
9.The parcel was s heavy that I culdn't lift it.
10.He can speak neither English nr Japanese.
三、选择填空
1.Culd yu lk after my cat_________ I am away?
2. _________ he r I am wrng.
3.I hear_________ walking n the mn is mre difficult.
4.Culd yu tell us_________ it snws in winter in Australia?
5.What shall we d_________ it rains tmrrw?
6. _________ it rains tmrrw, I'll g by car.
7.Our teacher is very tired, _________ she stps wrking.
8. _________ yu_________ yur sister can jin us. We want just ne f yu.
9.The nurse is very tired, _________ she is still wrking very hard.
10. _________ yu dn't knw hw t read a new wrd, yu'd better lk it up in a dictinary.
11.Is reading in bed gd_________ bad fr yur eyes?
12.I like basketball, ftball_________ vlleyball.
13.I was ding my hmewrk_________ my mther gt back yesterday.
14.Yu can_________ stay at hme_________ g ut t play ftball.
15.D yu knw_________ she will g t the cinema with us?
16.Why nt lk up the new wrd in a dictinary_________ yu dn't knw it?
17.Mr. Li has lived here_________ he mved t the city.
18.Which is bigger, the sun_________ the mn?
19.Yu'll pass the exam_________ yu study with a strng will.
20.Ic was abut 600 years ag_________ the first clck with a face and an hur hand was made.
22.I think_________ he is tired.
23.If we wrk with a strng will, we can vercme any difficulty, _________ great it is.
24.Wrk harder_________ yu'll make greater prgress.
25.Han Mei didn't g t schl_________ she had a bad cld.
26.They'll visit the Great Wall_________ it desn't rain next Sunday.
27.The reasn fr his absence is_________ he was ill.
28.Wuld yu like a cup f cffee_________ shall we get dwn t business right away?
29.I have sent Jack five letters, _________ he hasn't written back.
30.He speaks nt nly French_________ als English.
答案：
1-5CBBAB 6-10CCDAB 11-15 CDABA
16-20 ABACA 21-25DBCDD 26-30 CACDB
and(和)
but(但是)
r(或者)
if(如果)
befre(在······以前)
since(自从,既然)
(既······又······)
(或者······或者······)
(既不······又不······)
(和·····样······)
nt als...(不但······而且······)
as if/as thugh(仿佛)
as sn as(······就······)
as well as(也,又)
s that(以便;结果)
in case(假使;以免)
in rder that(为了······)
A. until
B. where
C. while
D. since
A. Neither
B. Either
C. Bth
D.As
A. if
B. that
C. s
D. whether
A. if
B that
C. after
D. befre
A. s
B. if
C. but
D. befre
A. Whether
B. After
C. If
D. Befre
A. and
B. but
C. s
D. r
A. Bth; and
B. Bth; r
C. Neither; nr
D. Either; r
A. but
B. and
C. r
D. if
A. Because
B. If
C. Why
D. What
A. as
B. and
C. r
D. but
A. but
B. r
C. s
D. and
A. when
B. after
C .befre
D. as sn as
A. bth; and
B. either; r
C. as; as
D. s; that
A. if
B. where
C. that
D. there
A. if
B. that
C. thugh
D. whether
A. fr
B. since
C. s
D. because
A. r
B. and
C. but
D. s
A. unless
B. until
C. as lng as
D. as well as
A. that
B. until
C. befre
D. when
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. befre
A. what
B. hw
C. hwever
D. whatever
A. but
B. r
C. s
D. and
A. when
B. while
C. if
D. because
A. since
B. befre
C. if
D. when
A. that
B. why
D. fr
C. because
A. and
B. then
C. r
D. therwise
A. s
B. r
C. and
D. but
A. and
B. but
C. r
D. that