2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：介词4) 课件

这是一份2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：介词4) 课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了核心考法重难突破，考法训练，with，for，易混知识 易错清单，易混3易错用的介词，强化模拟限时训练，层级一　单句达标练，from，beyond等内容，欢迎下载使用。

介词
考法一　考查介词的搭配
考法二　考查单一介词的用法
高考将更加注重对介词固定搭配和介词短语的考查。介词与名词、形容词与介词、动词与介词形成的搭配是高考的难点。如：at first(起初)；as a result f(由于)；at wrk(在工作)；by mistake(错误地)；beynd recgnitin(无法辨认)；fr sale(待售)；in a hurry(匆忙地)；n purpse(故意地)；ut f sight(看不见)；with pleasure(愉快地)；in favr f(支持)；next t(紧靠着)；get rid f(除去)；make use f(利用)等。
[浙江2021年1月·60] 　The study fund that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ______ 2.1 in wmen and men.句意为：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。由句意可知，此处表示“增加了”，应使用固定短语increase by，故填by。
[全国Ⅱ 2020·64] Oranges: Orange trees are mre ______ decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth.句意为：橘子：橘子树不仅仅是装饰；它们是好运和财富的象征。mre than为固定搭配，后接名词时意为“不仅仅是”。故填than。
[全国Ⅱ 2020·67]Bamb plants are assciated ______ health, abundance and a happy hme.句意为：竹子与健康、充裕和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be assciated with… 为固定搭配，意为“与……联系在一起”。故填with。
[浙江2020年7月·56]Sme time after 10，000 BC, peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived ______， thrugh agriculture.句意为：公元前一万年后的一段时间，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析句子结构可知，they lived ______为定语从句，修饰wrld，且关系词that/which在从句中作设空处的宾语，在此处被省略；live为不及物动词，而live in… 意为“居住在……”，为固定用法，其后可接宾语，故填in。
单句语法填空1．One artist shwed us hw t paint the facial mask n ur faces, and the ther taught us the typical mves step ______ step. 2．While China is restarting the street vending ecnmy, sme fficial media are against a large­scale return______infrmal street sales. 3．If we are satisfied______ nly a few rules we have memrized, we are nt really learning the language. 4．The space statin will be built as China's main platfrm fr space science research, ______the intentin f mastering the technlgies in cnstructing and perating large space facilities.
高考英语常设置特定语境考查热点介词的用法，这些介词常表示时间、方式、方位等。除了考查常见介词的常见意思及用法外，还会考查常见介词的不常见用法。(1)常见介词的常见用法有：against(违背；反对)；beynd[(范围、限度)超出；为……所不能及]; by(程度或增减的幅度；按……计)；despite(尽管)；fr(因为；就……而言，从……来看)；in(在……里面；在……方面)；with(随着)；within[(范围、程度)在……内]；withut(没有)等。(2)常见介词的不常见用法有：but(除……以外)；ff(离，距)；ver(在……期间；从……的开头到结束)；thrugh[经历(某段时间)]；by(凭借)；in(穿着)；against(倚靠)；with(用)等。
1　[全国乙2021·64]It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept ______ the late 1980s.句意为：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，此句含有nt… until…结构，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。
[北京2021·14]While riding his bike hme ______ a cld night, he came acrss a sad­lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself.句意为：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一位看起来很伤心的老妇人独自在街上徘徊。此处表示“在一个寒冷的夜晚”，表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上应用介词n。
单句语法填空5．It gradually evlved int a ty fr children______the Qing Dynasty. 6．They've changed the cans and xygen tanks int 74 pieces f art that have already been exhibited ______ Nepal's capital.7．Many peple exercise ______ a few minutes every day r every ther day.
易混1：后接不定式复合结构的逻辑主语时， fr与f的区别
(1)当形容词说明不定式的逻辑主语的性质、特征时，用f，常用于句型：“It is ＋ adj.＋ f sb.t d sth.”，常用于该句型的形容词有：kind, gd, nice, clever, stupid, flish, cnsiderate, plite, implite, cruel等。•It's brave f yu t save the by.你救了这个男孩，真勇敢。•It's plite f him t see ff his teacher at the statin.他很有礼貌，去车站给他的老师送行。(2)当形容词说明不定式的性质时，用fr，常用于句型：“It is ＋adj.＋ fr sb.t d sth.”，常用于该句型的形容词有：imprtant, necessary, pssible, impssible, difficult等。•It is difficult fr him t supprt the family.养家糊口对他来说很难。•It is imprtant fr them t win the game.赢得这场比赛对他们来说很重要。
易混2：表示“处于某种状态”时， n与in的区别
n用于表示动态，如正在从事某种活动或处于某种运动状态之中；in多用于表示静态状况，如安全、健康、情绪等。n business 在出差 n a visit在访问n strike在罢工 n sale在出售n shw在展出 n watch在值班n fire着火 n vacatin/hliday在度假in truble在困境中 in danger在危险之中in silence沉默地 in surprise惊讶地in rder有序地，有条理地 in relief放心地in high/lw spirits情绪高涨/低落 in debt负债
在有些词组中，介词常被用错，如：with the help f… 在……的帮助下under the leadership f… 在……的领导下the article in the newspaper 报纸上的文章a hle in the wall 墙上的洞 a bird in the tree 树上的鸟apples n the tree 树上的苹果tickets fr the cncert 音乐会的票in the directin f… 朝着……的方向frm the directin f… 从……的方向
易混4：下列词组中，t是介词，不是不定式符号
belng t属于 date back t追溯到lk frward t盼望；期望 be addicted t沉溺于be accustmed t习惯于 stick t坚持be/get used t ding… 习惯于做……pay attentin t注意be devted t… 致力于……attach imprtance t… 认为……很重要
单句填空1．S he rde six hurs frm his hmetwn n his little brther's bike, carrying all his pssessins—a bag, a tent, tw bttles f water and a bx f fd—in rder t start his secnd year ______ a bilgy majr.2．Nwadays, many stres make clth shes using machines, but she sticks t the technique f making shes entirely ______ hand.3．Especially in the U．S., peple ften travel very far ______ hme t study.4．The cuntry's industrial ecnmy has maintained steady and sund grwth thanks ______ the Made in China 2025 strategy.
5．Hwever, all this changed when I vlunteered t help children and yung peple ______ mental prblems in a summer vacatin. 6．Finally, try t see things ______ the ther persn's perspective. Yu may realize that he r she was acting ut f ignrance.7．Everyne has his wn favrite place t live. I lve living in Nevada Cunty n accunt ______ the natural beauty, the clseness t the muntains and the excellent weather.8．Parents are attaching great imprtance ______ children's calligraphy practice.
9．Caring fr elderly parents is never easy; it can take great effrts emtinally and physically, and the financial challenges can smetimes seem ______ ur ability.10．During my first year in China, I spent the summer hliday ______ my family at the seaside in Beidaihe.
China has develped a technlgy that is able t transfrm desert lands int available sil. The technlgy __1______ (develp) several years ag by researchers at Chngqing Jiatng University.They invented a paste(黏合剂) __2_____ (make) f a material fund in plant cell walls that, when mixed __3_____ sand, is able t keep water, nutrients and air.
was develped
Accrding t CGTN, Chinese scientists have achieved success in grwing crps in areas with bad cnditins caused by lack f rain and _____4__ (extreme) ht temperatures. One particular area is in a desert in Nrth China's Inner Mnglia. Over 70 kinds f crps are grwing there. Many are nt planted by humans but they just grw __5 __ __ (they). And the csts f artificial materials and machines fr transfrming sand int sil is much ___6__ (lw) cmpared with regular methds. Nw, nearly 500 acres f sand is being turned int farms prducing crn, __7__ (tmat) and sunflwers. A refrestatin (重造森林) prject is als currently in prgress, __8__ is set t refrest 50% f desert land in three years.