2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高二上学期第二次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高二上学期第二次月考英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 龙岩一中2024届高二上学期第二次月考
高二英语(学科)试题
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. How will the man get to the park?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi.
2. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To make an appointment. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To reschedule an appointment.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a farm.
4. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He had a great vacation.
B. He visited the tower.
C. He went to Paris.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A street. B. A park. C. A dog.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does Sam decide to go after he graduates?
A. The UK. B. The US. C. Australia.
7. What is the determining factor in Sam’s choice?
A. His sister. B. The football team. C. The architecture.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. In an auto shop. B. In a flower shop. C. In a car rental company.
9. What problem is the woman facing?
A. The delivery man ran out of fuel.
B. The vehicle won’t start.
C. The keys were lost.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Check the wire connections.
B. Meet a client in person.
C. Give the woman a ride.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. Who reserved the table?
A. George. B. Joseph. C. Michael.
12. Which table will the man use?
A. Table 2. B. Table 4. C. Table 10.
13. What will the man have?
A. A barbecue chicken pizza. B. A mixed vegetable pizza. C. A beef pizza.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. When was the Eiffel Tower built?
A. In 1869. B. In 1889. C. In 1909.
15. Why was the Eiffel Tower built according to the man?
A. To develop France’s tourism industry.
B. To show the Eiffel family’s wealth.
C. To present France’s industrial level.
16. What do we know about Gustave Eiffel’s apartment?
A. It was rented out to wealthy people.
B. It was a tourist destination in the past.
C. It can be viewed through the window now.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What was the reason for Mary’s absence?
A. She felt unwell.
B. She attended a party.
C. She went on a journey.
18. What is today’s English homework?
A. A story. B. A journal. C. An advertisement.
19. How many words should Mary write?
A. 100. B. 150. C. 200.
20. What will Mary do on 22 May?
A. Hand in her homework. B. Celebrate her birthday. C. Draw a map.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.
Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997)
Born in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked.
Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)
Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology.
Katherine Johns (1918—2020)
African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”.
Tu Youyou (1930—)
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.
1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n) ________.
A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician
2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world?
A. She treated people for cancer. B. She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.
C. Her discovery helped save millions. D. Her research project is one of a kind.
3. What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text?
A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory.
C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了4名改变世界的女性科学家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)中的“Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor.(奥地利出生的拉玛出演了许多好莱坞电影，并取得了巨大的成功。她还非常聪明，是一个自学成才的发明家)”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一个女演员。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. (她的工作拯救了全世界数百万人的生命)”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. (下面是四位打破界限、改变世界的人)”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。故选D。
B
People don’t like new things. It is not any different in health care. It took plenty of time until the stethoscope (听诊器), the symbol of health care was accepted by the medical community back in the 19th century. The instrument was invented by a French physician, who published its description in 1819, but it took several decades until doctors actually started using it.
I don’t expect any difference with artificial intelligence (AI). After many of my talks, physician colleagues ask me whether AI might replace them in their jobs and whether it can eventually become better at identifying the exact cause of an illness. Both will happen but not the way they imagine it. Huge waves are coming to health care. While some of physicians’ tasks will be taken over by AI, they will deal with patients with real care and more patience. Doctors will not have to struggle with being up-to-date in medical research, with administrative tasks, with consultation or making notes. They do not have to have a headache about how to choose the best treatment.
What even the most learned professors know cannot match cognitive (认知的) computers. As the amount of information they accumulate grows, the assistance of computing solutions in medical decisions is approaching. AI will help doctors on the personal level as well as hospitals and other medical institutions on the structural level. On the institutional level, the most obvious use of AI will be data management. It could also analyze entire health care systems quickly and easily.
AI will gradually appear in more and more hospitals and get through the initial stage very quickly. Although it is coming, it will need the medical community’s understanding, initiative (主动性) and drive for a better health care in order to work its best. If we introduced AI everywhere from Bolivia to Harvard, health care would not change a bit. There are many reasons for it but everyone in health care should play their part to improve those elements.
4. Why does the author refer to the stethoscope?
A. To show it has many limitations.
B. To imply it will give way to AI.
C. To explain it is widely used in treating disease.
D. To illustrate people refuse to accept new things.
5. How will AI influence physicians?
A. They needn’t do medical research.
B. They’ll spare more time for patients.
C. They’ll have difficulty with treatments.
D. They’re likely to lose their jobs to AI.
6. What does the author intend to convey in Paragraph 3?
A. AI will face uncertainties in the future.
B. Cognitive computers do better than man.
C. Existing health care has its disadvantages.
D. AI will open a new dimension for health care.
7. What will the following paragraph(s) probably talk about?
A. When health care will be improved.
B. How people can promote the change.
C. What benefits AI will bring about.
D. How AI will transform health care.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，作者讲述了未来人工智能如何改变医疗行业的，以及对其所产生的影响。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“People don’t like new things. It is not any different in health care. It took plenty of time until the stethoscope (听诊器), the symbol of health care was accepted by the medical community back in the 19th century. (人们不喜欢新事物。在医疗健康方面也没有什么不同。听诊器作为卫生保健的象征，在19世纪才被医学界接受)”可推知，作者举例听诊器的目的是为了说明人们不喜欢接受新事物。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While some of physicians’ tasks will be taken over by AI, they will deal with patients with real care and more patience. Doctors will not have to struggle with being up-to-date in medical research, with administrative tasks, with consultation or making notes. (当医生的部分工作将被人工智能接管，他们可以用真正的关怀和更多耐心对待病人。医生们将不必为最新的医学研究、管理任务、咨询或做记录而挣扎)” 可知，人工智能对医生的影响是：医生可以有更多时间和精力去照看病人。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。第三段中“As the amount of information they accumulate grows, the assistance of computing solutions in medical decisions is approaching. AI will help doctors on the personal level as well as hospitals and other medical institutions on the structural level. On the institutional level, the most obvious use of AI will be data management. It could also analyze entire health care systems quickly and easily. (随着它们积累的信息量的增长，计算解决方案在医疗决策中的辅助作用正来临。人工智能将在个人层面帮助医生，在结构层面帮助医院和其他医疗机构。在机构层面，人工智能最明显的用途将是数据管理。它还可以快速轻松地分析整个医疗保健系统)”描述了人工智能对医疗保健各个层面都有好处，所以作者对人工智能应用于医疗是呈积极态度的。所以D选项“AI will open a new dimension for health care. (人工智能将为医疗保健开辟一个新领域)”符合题意。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段中“If we introduced AI everywhere from Bolivia to Harvard, health care would not change a bit. There are many reasons for it but everyone in health care should play their part to improve those elements. (如果我们在从玻利维亚到哈佛的所有地方都引入人工智能，医疗保健不会有丝毫改变。造成这种情况的原因有很多，但医疗保健领域的每个人都应该发挥自己的作用来改善这些因素)”强调转折词but的内容，即每个人都要发挥自己的作用去推动医疗保健的改善。所以下文可能会讲述，人们要采取哪些措施来推动这一改变。故选B。
C
Having a microchip implanted in a man’s brain may be common in sci-fi movie plots, but it may soon become an actual possibility.
Elon musk, founder of Space X and co-founder of electric car maker Tesla — has been working on this technology. On Aug 28, Musk gave display of the chip, which was implanted into the head of a pig named Gertrude.
The chip, developed by Musk’s company, is the size of a coin. But don’t let its size fool you. The tiny chip has over 3,000 electrodes attached to flexible threads, which can monitor about 1,000 neurons (神经元). It collects neural signals from an area of the brain, and then transmits those signals wirelessly to nearby computers. In the display, Gertrude could be seen walking around her pen sniffing the ground while a monitor showed her brain activity.
Though the technology is still in its early stage, it is encouraging for humans. This technology would solve a lot of brain injuries, which will allow the human brain to combine with an artificial intelligence.
When the device can be applied to humans, its main goal will be to help those who have mobility issues. Musk hopes this technology can also be used to help those with hearing and eyesight issues and one day lead to a cure for epilepsy (癫痫).
Although such a device could, in principle, repair those problems, putting it into practice is by no means a piece of cake. Currently, the device can transmit signals from about 500 neurons in the pig’s brain. Compared to 80 billion neurons in a human brain, this number is tiny. And to cover the whole human brain also means the electrodes have to be much smaller.
Also, implanting the chip into the brain poses a potential danger. There is a risk of the immune system attacking this foreign body.
Right now, the hope of controlling the brain via controlling a few neurons seems overly optimistic. “There are many technological challenges to overcome before Neuralink can put its devices to the purposes,” Yuan Lanfeng, an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China, told China Daily.
8. What do we know about Elon Musk’s microchip according to the first three paragraphs?
A. It was inspired by sci-fi movie plots B. It is able to collect wireless signals.
C. It is tiny in size but powerful in function. D. It has been implanted into a human’s brain.
9. What do paragraphs 6-7 mainly talk about?
A. Potential problems in applying the chip to human.
B. Key differences between pigs’ and humans’ brains.
C. The amount of time and money implanting the chip could cost.
D. How the immune system is the major obstacle to the implant.
10. What is the major target of the microchip in human application?
A. To monitor animals’ brain activity. B. To help people with difficulty in moving freely.
C. To develop a cure for epilepsy. D. To contribute to the research on Al technologies.
11. How does Yuan Lanfeng feel about implanting the chip into the human brain?
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious.
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在大脑在植入芯片听起来很科幻，但是马斯克的公司已经开始实施这样的实验了。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中的句子“The chip, developed by Musk’s company, is the size of a coin. But don’t let its size fool you. The tiny chip has over 3,000 electrodes attached to flexible threads, which can monitor about 1,000 neurons (神经元). (这个芯片是由马斯克的公司开发的，只有硬币大小。但别让它的尺寸愚弄了你。这种微型芯片有3000多个电极连接在柔性线上，可以监测大约1000个神经元)”可知，这种芯片虽然小但是功能强大。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第六段中的“Although such a device could, in principle, repair those problems, putting it into practice is by no means a piece of cake.(虽然这种装置原则上可以修复这些问题，但将其付诸实践绝非易事)”和第七段“Also, implanting the chip into the brain poses a potential danger. There is a risk of the immune system attacking this foreign body.(此外，将芯片植入大脑也有潜在的危险。免疫系统有攻击这个异物的危险)”可知，芯片运用于大脑绝非易事，对大脑有风险，可得出第六、七段主要讲将芯片应用于人类可能存在的问题。故选A项。
10题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段中的“When the device can be applied to humans, its main goal will be to help those who have mobility issues.(当这种装置能够应用于人类时，它的主要目标将是帮助那些行动不便的人)”可知，芯片在人类应用中的主要目标是帮助行动不便的人。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“‘There are many technological challenges to overcome before Neuralink can put its devices to the purposes,’ Yuan Lanfeng, an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China, told China Daily.(中国科技大学副教授袁兰峰在接受《中国日报》采访时说：“还有许多技术挑战需要克服，才能使Neuralink的设备达到预期目的。”)”可知，袁兰峰认为在Neuralink的设备达到预期目之前，需要克服许多技术挑战，可得出对将芯片植入人脑一事，袁兰峰很谨慎。故选D项。
D
Since the beginning of the summer in 2022, China has been sweltering under the worst heatwave in decades. A number of people in Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces were diagnosed with thermoplegia (热射病), the most severe form of heatstroke, and some even died of this disease.
In a warming world, the hazards of heatwaves are increasing. According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from 3,679 persons per year in the 1980s to15,500 persons per year in the 2010s.
“Over the past four decades, the main drivers of the large increase in heatwave-related deaths in China are the rapid increase in the frequency of heatwaves, followed by population growth, population aging, and rising baseline mortality(基线死亡率),”said Prof. Huang Cunrui, a researcher from Tsinghua University.
High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture (水分) and hurt the growth of corn, cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people. China has witnessed a range of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall, flooding, tornadoes and record heatwaves this year. Meteorological officials said the country had an average temperature of 21. 3 degrees Celsius in June, 0. 9 degrees Celsius higher than the same period on average, and the highest record for the same period since 1961.
Experts say that while extreme summer heat is not entirely new, these sorts of occurrences could be something that becomes a standard part of life, requiring people to start learning how to cope with heatwaves that may continue for the rest of summer and well into the future.
Remember that even healthy, young athletes can be harmed by extreme heat, so every activity, indoors or outdoors, should be evaluated when extreme heat hits. There are some ways to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment.
12. What does the underlined word “hazards” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Discussions. B. Studies.
C. Causes. D. Dangers.
13. What is the main reason for the growing heatwave-related deaths in China?
A. The aging of the population.
B. The larger amount of outdoor workers. 4
C. The increasing frequency of heatwaves.
D. The rise in the number of the total population.
14. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A. Rural areas suffer more from heatwaves than cities.
B. China has witnessed the worst climate ever in 2022.
C. High temperatures have negative effects on agriculture.
D. Climate change contributes to the decline in insect species.
15. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Ways to deal with extreme heat.
B. The trend of heatwaves in the future.
C. The importance of keeping healthy in summer.
D. Influences of global warming on the environment.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自2022年夏初以来，中国一直处于几十年来最严重的热浪之下，同时文章说明了热浪所造成的危害以及应对的措施。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后面的句子“According to a study, the number of deaths caused by heatwaves in China has increased rapidly since 1979, from 3,679 persons per year in the 1980s to15,500 persons per year in the 2010s.(根据一项研究，自1979年以来，中国热浪造成的死亡人数迅速增加，从20世纪80年代的每年3679人增加到2010年代的每年15500人。)”可知，后文解释的是全球变暖，热浪所带来的的危害。故hazards与D选项“danger(危险)”为近义词。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Over the past four decades, the main drivers of the large increase in heatwave-related deaths in China are the rapid increase in the frequency of heatwaves.(过去40年里，中国与热浪相关死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。)”可知，中国与热浪相关的死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“High temperatures would accelerate the loss in soil moisture (水分) and hurt the growth of corn, cotton, trees and fruits. What’s more, each additional degree of warming will increase crop losses to insects by 10-25 percent, threatening food security for billions of people.(高温会加速土壤水分的流失，损害玉米、棉花、树木和水果的生长。更重要的是，气温每升高一度，昆虫对农作物造成的损失就会增加10%至25%，威胁数十亿人的粮食安全。)”可知，高温对农业有消极的影响。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“There are some ways to stay safe during extreme heat events, such as drinking plenty of water, looking for shade or remaining in shade when outside, and avoiding cooking large meals that can add heat to your indoor environment.(在极端高温天气中，有一些方法可以保证安全，比如喝大量的水，外出时寻找阴凉处或待在阴凉处，避免烹饪会增加室内温度的大餐。)”可知，最后一段介绍的是在极端高温天气中，应对极端高温的方法。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session. ____16____ Here are some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.
When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity, like playing a video game or watching television. But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied. This is what is called “wakeful rest”. According to the latest research, “A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning boosts free recall of verbal material, “the research says. ____17____ The basic idea is this: by reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. However, resting is difficult when you have too much excitement from electronic devices, games, lights and so on. ____18____ Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. Just limit the amount of excitement you get. It is really that easy!
In addition to wakeful rest, ____19____ A person who lacks sleep cannot focus attention completely and therefore cannot learn efficiently. Also, sleep itself has a role in strengthening memory, which is essential for learning new information. Sometimes, when we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form. ____20____
Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information. Try to get some “wakeful rest” after a study session. Then try to get a good night’s sleep.
A. They are often hard to keep.
B. sleep is also important for learning.
C. relaxation after study is very important.
D. Sleep is important for forming memories.
E. The impact can be stronger even after a few days.
F. So here are some suggestions to give “wakeful rest” a try.
G. But what you do after study really influences how well you learn.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些免费的方法可以帮助你提高你的学习。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session.( 许多学生学习时很少考虑学习结束后要做什么。)”和下文“Here are some no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning.( 这里有一些免费的方法可以帮助你提高你的学习。)”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明了解学习后要做什么很重要。G项：But what you do after study really influences how well you learn.(但是你在学习后做什么真的会影响你的学习效果。)符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“According to the latest research, “A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning boosts free recall of verbal material,” (最新的研究表明，“新知识学习后立即休息一段时间可以促进对语言材料的自由记忆。”)”和下文“The basic idea is this: by reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest.(基本的想法是这样的：通过减少你的活动后，你的大脑得到一个休息的机会。)”可知，空处进一步解释说明学习知识后休息的积极影响。可知，E项：The impact can be stronger even after a few days.(这种影响甚至在几天后会变得更强。)符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“However, resting is difficult when you have too much excitement from electronic devices, games, lights and so on.(然而，当你从电子设备、游戏、灯光等事物中获得太多兴奋时，休息就变得困难了。)”和下文“Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. Just limit the amount of excitement you get.(安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看你的手机，读故事或玩游戏。只是要限制你的兴奋程度。)”可知，上文提到休息之前变得兴奋不利于休息，下文提出一些具体的建议，让自己得到充分的休息，空处与上文形成因果关系，并启示下文要提出一些建议。F项：So here are some suggestions to give “wakeful rest” a try.(因此，这里有一些建议，给“清醒休息”一个尝试。)符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“A person who lacks sleep cannot focus attention completely and therefore cannot learn efficiently. (一个缺乏睡眠的人不能完全集中注意力，因此不能有效地学习。)”可知，本段主要强调睡眠的重要性，B项中的“sleep”与下文的“who lacks sleep”对应。B项：sleep is also important for learning.( 睡眠对学习也很重要。)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Also, sleep itself has a role in strengthening memory, which is essential for learning new information. Sometimes, when we first form memories, they’re in a very raw and fragile form. (此外，睡眠本身也能增强记忆力，这对学习新知识至关重要。有时候，当我们第一次形成记忆时，它们是非常原始和脆弱的。)”可知，睡眠对记忆很重要。D项：Sleep is important for forming memories.(睡眠对形成记忆很重要。)符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。
Priscilla was driving through a neighborhood. Suddenly, she saw a man fall from his vehicle onto the pavement of his driveway.
The man, Donald Crisman, had ___21___ stomachache. In extreme pain, he’d tried to get out of his car to ring the doorbell, but he couldn’t ___22___ it.
A video ___23___ from their security camera shows Priscilla’s car ___24___ in front of their house, and then stopped. Priscilla then jumped out and rushed to Donald’s ___25___. Donald used all the strength he had to ask Priscilla to get his wife, and Priscilla ___26___ to the doorbell while calling 911 on her cell phone.
Donald was rushed to the hospital, where he had a(n) ___27___. His daughter, Maddie Crisman, shared video of Priscilla’s ___28___ actions that day, praising her for saving her father’s life.
The Internet soon ___29___ its magic, and within a few days Donald’s family were able to get in touch with Priscilla to show their ___30___.
Maddie ___31___ everyone on her father’s ___32___. She wrote. “After the surgery, he is a little weak but he can say a few words. He has a long road of ___33___ ahead, but for now, we’re just thankful to ___34___ his voice.”
Not only was Priscilla in the right place at the right time, but in a challenging and ___35___ situation she also kept a clear head. Our hats are off to her!
21. A. survived B. endured C. suffered D. infected
22. A. understand B. make C. get D. catch
23. A. tape B. outcome C. theme D. symbol
24. A. pulled over B. turned over C. started up D. slowed down
25. A. safety B. aid C. protection D. defense
26. A. ran B. returned C. responded D. climbed
27. A. examination B. appointment C. payment D. operation
28. A. quick B. familiar C. legal D. preventive
29. A. found B. added C. worked D. sensed
30. A. attitude B. gratitude C. determination D. advantage
31. A. updated B. informed C. told D. inquired
32. A. proposal B. plan C. intention D. progress
33. A. struggle B. recovery C. success D. growth
34. A. recognize B. change C. hear D. record
35. A. regretful B. annoying C. impossible D. stressful
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Priscilla用自己快速的行动救了Donald Crisman的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Donald Crisman的男子患有胃痛。A. survived存活；B. endured忍受，忍耐；C. suffered遭受，患病；D. infected感染。根据下文“stomachache”可知，那个男的患有胃痛。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在极度的痛苦中，他试图下车去按门铃，但他没能做到。A. understand明白；B. make使；C. get得到；D. catch抓到。根据上文“In extreme pain”可知，他太疼了，所以他没能成功按门铃，make it是固定短语，意为“成功”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一段监控录像显示，Priscilla的车在他们家门前减速，然后停了下来。A. tape录了像的盒式磁带；B. outcome结果；C. theme主题；D. symbol象征。根据下文“from their security camera”可知，此处指的是“一段监控录像显示”，video tape意为“录像磁带”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一段监控录像显示，Priscilla的车在他们家门前减速，然后停了下来。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. turned over把……翻过来；C. started up启动；D. slowed down慢下来。根据下文“and then stopped”可知，Priscilla的车在他们家门前减速，然后停了下来。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Priscilla跳下车，冲到Donald的身边去帮助他。A. safety安全；B. aid帮助；C. protection保护；D. defense保卫。根据下文“Priscilla ___6___ to the doorbell while calling 911 on her cell phone”可知，Priscilla是去帮助他的。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donald用尽全身力气让Priscilla去接他的妻子，Priscilla一边跑到门铃前，一边用手机拨打911。A. ran跑；B. returned返回，归还；C. responded回答；D. climbed爬。根据下文“to the doorbell”可知，事态紧急，Priscilla是跑到门铃前。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donald被紧急送往医院，在那里他做了手术。A. examination检查；B. appointment约定；C. payment支付；D. operation手术。根据第12空后的“After the surgery”可知，Donald被紧急送往医院，在那里他做了手术。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿Maddie Crisman分享了Priscilla当天迅速行动的视频，称赞她救了父亲的命。A. quick迅速的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. legal合法的；D. preventive预防（性）的。根据上一段的“rushed”和“Priscilla ___6___ to the doorbell while calling 911 on her cell phone”可知，Priscilla当天迅速采取行动。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：网络很快就发挥了它的魔力，几天之内，Donald的家人就能联系上Priscilla，表达他们的感激之情。A. found发现；B. added增加；C. worked产生……作用；D. sensed感觉到。根据下文“within a few days Donald’s family were able to get in touch with Priscilla”可知，网络很快就发挥了它的魔力，work its magic意为“发挥它的魔力”，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：网络很快就发挥了它的魔力，几天之内，Donald的家人就能联系上Priscilla，表达他们的感激之情。A. attitude态度；B. gratitude感激；C. determination决心；D. advantage优点。根据上文“praising her for saving her father’s life”可知，Priscilla救了Donald，Donald的家人当然是表示感激。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Maddie向大家汇报了她父亲的进展。A. updated向……提供最新信息；B. informed告知；C. told告诉；D. inquired询问。根据下文“She wrote. “After the surgery, he is a little weak but he can say a few words. He has a long road of ___13___ ahead, but for now, we’re just thankful to ___14___ his voice.””可知，Maddie向大家汇报了她父亲的最新进展，update sb. on sth.是固定短语，意为“向某人汇报某事的最新情况”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maddie向大家汇报了她父亲的进展。A. proposal提议；B. plan计划；C. intention意图；D. progress进展。根据下文“After the surgery, he is a little weak but he can say a few words. He has a long road of ___13___ ahead”可知，Maddie向大家汇报了她父亲的进展。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术后，他有点虚弱，但他能说几句话。他的康复之路还很长，但现在，我们很感激能听到他的声音。A. struggle奋斗，斗争；B. recovery康复；C. success成功；D. growth成长。根据上文“After the surgery”可知，手术后Donald还有很长的康复之路。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术后，他有点虚弱，但他能说几句话。他的康复之路还很长，但现在，我们很感激能听到他的声音。A. recognize识别；B. change改变；C. hear听见；D. record记录。根据下文“his voice”可知，此处是指听见他的声音。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Priscilla不仅在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，而且在充满挑战和压力的情况下，她也保持了清醒的头脑。A. regretful后悔的；B. annoying令人生气的；C. impossible不可能的；D. stressful紧张的，压力大的。根据上文“in a challenging and”和第二段的“Donald Crisman, had ___1___ stomachache. In extreme pain”可知，当时Donald情况不好，所以Priscilla当时处在压力很大的情况下。故选D。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever forgotten ____36____ (lock) the door of your house? Or have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead ____37____ problems.
However, in the not-too-distant future, we will ____38____ (live) in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.
You will no longer have to think about turning ____39____ (switch) on and off yourself. Your home will also learn your ____40____(day) routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on ____41____ instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already ____42____ (prepare) for you.
In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone. It will also give you suggestions on a ____43____ (health) diet and ____44____ to sleep better. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. They can warn you early on if there is something ____45____ (normal) or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
【答案】36. to lock
37. to 38. be living
39. switches
40. daily 41. the
42. prepared
43. healthier
44. how 45. abnormal
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章畅想未来我们的智能家居将给我们带来的方便和健康好处。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你忘了锁房子的门吗？短语forget to do sth.，意为“忘记要做某事”，符合题意，不定式作宾语。故填to lock。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：这类事情一直发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时会导致问题。短语lead to，意为“导致”，符合题意。故填to。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们不在时，智能家居会为我们锁门，当我们忘记时，记得关掉电视。结合句意可知表示“我们将生活在智能家居中”用将来进行时符合题意，结合空格前的will，可知填入be living。故填be living。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：你将不再需要考虑自己打开和关闭开关。分析可知空格处填入名词复数形式switches，表示泛指符合题意。故填switches。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常生活和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回到家时，一切都会为你准备好。修饰名词routine用形容词daily，意为 “日常的”。故填daily。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：你一进门，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你的灯就会亮起来，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。the instant可以用作连词，表示“一……就”，引导时间状语从句。故填the。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你一进门，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你的灯就会亮起来，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。分析句子可知用形容词prepared，意为“准备好了的”作宾语补足语。故填prepared。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：它还将为你提供关于更健康饮食和如何更好睡眠建议。结合后文“sleep better”可知空格处填入形容词比较级healthier修饰名词diet。故填healthier。
【44题详解】
考查疑问词。句意：它还将为你提供关于更健康饮食和如何更好睡眠的建议。结合前文的“suggestions”可知表示“如何更好睡眠”用“疑问词how+动词不定式”结构作宾语。故填how。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果有异常情况或你患有严重疾病，例如癌症，他们可以提前警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。结合“or if you have a critical illness”可知前文表示有不正常的情况，用形容词abnormal作后置定语修饰不定代词something。故填abnormal。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，学校英文报想邀请你写一篇介绍抖音(Tik Tok)利弊的文章，刊登在报纸上。
要点如下：
1.抖音的益处;
2.抖音的弊端;
3.你的看法。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 These years have witnessed that more and more people are watching Tik Tok and some have even become addicted to it. However, Tik Tok has both advantages and disadvantages.
On the one hand, Tik Tok has provided people with many benefits. It lets people learn a lot of life tips, broadens people’s horizons, expands their knowledge and enriches their lives. On the other hand, it also has disadvantages. For example, many people worry that there exists some false and misleading information on Tik Tok. Some people complain that Tik Tok wastes a lot of their time, which greatly influences their study and normal life.
As far as I am concerned, Tik Tok is convenient but we should use it properly.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说理议论文。要求考生写一篇介绍抖音(Tik Tok)利弊的文章。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……上瘾：abandon oneself to→ become addicted to
影响：effect → influence
劣势：weakness → disadvantage
在我看来：in my opinion → as far as I am concerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the one hand, Tik Tok has provided people with many benefits. It lets people learn a lot of life tips, broadens people’s horizons, expands their knowledge and enriches their lives
拓展句：On the one hand, Tik Tok has provided people with many benefits, which lets people learn a lot of life tips, broadens people’s horizons, expands their knowledge and enriches their lives
【点睛】【高分句型1】Some people complain that Tik Tok wastes a lot of their time, which greatly influences their study and normal life.(运用了that引导的宾语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】For example, many people worry that there exists some false and misleading information on Tik Tok.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Ten-year-old Sami loved to visit his grandfather's house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play under the trees. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa's place.
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather's village. There were hardly any trees left. He saw houses built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left.
Grandpa's house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door--one was Petu, and the other Betu. He had planted them with his own hands and today they had become large, massive trees with thick trunks. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest, juiciest coconuts.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. He tossed（辗转）and turned in bed.
Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung（附 着）to his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It's an earthquake! It's an earthquake!" They ran outside the house. They thought that would be safe.
Suddenly, there was a loud sound; the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring. People were shouting, screaming and crying, “The sea is rising! The sea is rising." The villagers started running away from the beach.
Sami watched dumbstruck（呆若木鸡）.
The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are!" He went into the house again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared.
Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near." He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water came surging（汹涌） in.
Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere.
Paragraph 1：
Grandpa held Sami's hand tightly but a huge wave separated them.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
“Sami, Sami!” Grandpa cried. “Don't be scared, little one, come to me, quickly.”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Grandpa fought the waves and strived to catch Sami, but failed. Sami was drifted away! He struggled to keep his head above the water. The water pushed him ahead. Fortunately, he caught a palm tree in his courtyard. He panicked and screamed out to Sami but could not see him. He clung to tree tightly while the sea was all around. In hope of seeing Sami, Grandpa climbed higher up the tree. The water carried Sami round and round. (79 words)
“Sami, Sami!” Grandpa cried. “Don’t be scared, little one, come to me, quickly.” “But Grandpa, I can’t swim!” Another wave came with terrifying speed and force. Sami cried in despair. Suddenly, Sami felt himself thrown onto the top of a tree. He immediately held it! Looking around, he saw everything was terribly destroyed; but in the near distance, his Grandpa was on another tree! Soon it was calm; both Grandpa and Sami came down the trees and rushed to hug each other, then they hugged the trees with tears of gratitude. (78 words)
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章记叙了萨米今年寒假来到祖父的村庄，人们砍倒了许多棕榈树，几乎没有剩下任何绿色植物。突然来了海啸，萨米和爷爷还在屋子里，萨米突然想起了母亲的话。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：“爷爷紧紧地握住萨米的手，但是一个巨大的波浪把他们分开了。”所以应该写：爷爷试图抓住萨米，但失败了。萨米被水带走了。幸运的是，爷爷在院子里发现了一棵棕榈树，他紧紧地抓住树。爷爷希望能见到萨米，于是爬到树的高处。
第二段开头是：“萨米，萨米！”爷爷哭了。“别害怕，小家伙，快来找我。”所以应该写：萨米不会游泳但是突然抓住了一颗棕榈树。他看到所有的东西都被毁得很惨；但在不远处，他爷爷在另一棵树上。很快海啸退去，爷爷和萨米都从树上下来，互相拥抱，感激地拥抱着树。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇。如：strive to；drifte away；struggle to；look around等高级词汇。
听力答案：1-5 CCABC 6-10 ACBBA 11-15 BCABC 16-20 CAABA