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浙江省杭州市第二中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期12月模拟考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省杭州市第二中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期12月模拟考试试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年杭州二中高三年级模拟考试卷
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her husband. B. A salesperson. C. A tailor.
2. What is the woman considering doing?
A. Buying a vehicle. B. Getting a driving license. C. Lending the man some money.
3. Why does the woman come to Jack’s Salon?
A. To have her hair cut. B. To color her hair. C. To make a complaint.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Good news. B. Friendship. C. Their interests.
5. Where does the man usually listen to the radio?
A. In his car. B. In the office. C. At home.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man going to do tomorrow?
A. Have a good rest. B. Do the cleaning. C. Deal with his work.
7. Where will the speakers go first?
A. To the restaurant. B. To the laundry. C. To the supermarket.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will Jackson do this Saturday?
A. Revise for a test.
B. Go to an amusement park.
C. Take the final exam.
9. Why is Bobby mentioned in the conversation?
A. He may help Jackson with the exam.
B. He may join the woman.
C. He has tickets to the amusement park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation?
A. Amazed. B. Confused. C. Worried.
11. What role does the man suggest the woman play?
A. A fairy. B. Mulan. C. A rabbit.
12. When will the speakers go to the costume store?
A. On October 10th. B. On October 21st. C. On October 22nd.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who is probably the woman?
A. The man’s classmate. B. A teacher. C. A journalist.
14. How does the man learn mathematics?
A. By solving puzzles with others.
B. By giving himself some time for reflection.
C. By taking as many notes as possible.
15. Which subject is the man poor at?
A. French. B. Geography. C. Chemistry.
16. What does the man want to do next month?
A. Improve his oral French. B. Win a contest. C. Take part in a study.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the purpose of organizing the kite festival?
A To celebrate cultural diversity.
B. To sell more kites in Malta.
C. To teach children to make kites.
18. How long did the kite exhibition last?
A. Almost one day. B. Nearly three days. C. About seven days.
19. What is Emile Vassallo?
A. A scientist. B. An artist. C. A director.
20. Where was the third edition of the kite festival held?
A. In the Esplora Interactive Science Center.
B. At Verdala Palace.
C. On the Internet.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It is that time of the year, when a handful of world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human effort-the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Peabo won the first Nobel of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S, and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economics
The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.
1 What prize is related to the research with bones?
A. Physiology. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. D. Economics.
2. For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize?
A. About societal functions. B. About the history of America.
C. About banks and financial crises. D. About the Great Depression of the 1930s.
3. What do the prizes for physics, chemistry and economics have in common?
A. Their winners are from different countries. B. They have three winners.
C. They improve new technology. D. They help people understand hardship.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.(他以从尼安德特人骨头中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名)”可知，生理学奖项与骨骼研究有关。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig凭关于银行和金融危机研究获奖。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022.( Alain Aspect、John F. Clauser和Anton Zeilinger在量子技术方面的工作使他们在2022年获得了第二个诺贝尔奖)”；第四段中“The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. (诺贝尔化学奖授予了另一个三人组，来自美国的Carolyn R. Bertozzi、来自丹麦的Morten Meldal和来自美国的K. Barry Sharpless，他们“因发展了咔嗒化学和双正交化学”，委员会说)”以及最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，物理学奖、化学奖和经济学奖的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。
B
“Regrets, I’ve had a few. But then again, too few to mention,” Frank Sinatra chanted in his 1969 hit “My Way”. The song’s idea is attractive: that anyone can just declare what’s done is done and move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they have no regrets at all. Whether a boast or an actual attitude, “no regrets” suggests that life can and should be lived without looking through the rear-view mirror.
Easier said than done, though. In 2020, author Daniel H. Pink launched the World Regret Survey, the largest ever survey on the topic. With his research team, Pink asked more than 15,000 people in 105 countries, “How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently?” 82% said regret is at least an occasional part of their life; roughly 21% said they feel regret “al1 the time.” Only 1% said they never feel regret.
If you are of the “no regrets” type, you might think that all this regret is a recipe for unhappiness. But that isn’t the case. True, being overwhelmed by regret is indeed bad for you. But going to the other extreme may be even worse. To rid yourself of regrets doesn’t free you from shame or sorrow; it leads you to make the same mistakes again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.
As uncomfortable as it is, regret is an amazing cognitive (认知) achievement. If today your relationship with your partner has soured, your regret might mentally take you back to last year. You would remember your being mean and sensitive, and then imagine yourself showing more patience, being kind instead of hurtful at key moments. Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of languishing.
But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it and use it for learning and improvement. You can be honest with yourself about what went wrong and use that knowledge to enjoy better relationships in the future.
4. What should we do if we have had a bitter quarrel with a close friend according to Frank Sinatra?
A. Attract more people to your argument.
B. Send him/her a letter of apology.
C. Boast about being more reasonable.
D. Forget about it and just let it go.
5. Which of the following statements about regret may the writer agree with?
A. We can do nothing about regret.
B. Unhappiness results from regret.
C. Ignoring regrets is missing the opportunity to improve.
D. Ridding yourself of regrets helps free you from sorrow.
6. What does the underlined word “languishing” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Improving.
B. Healing.
C. Showing up.
D. Breaking up.
7. What might be a suitable title for the text?
A. Regret to become smarter-if you let it.
B. Long for a different past? Regret it!
C. Regret? Not my way!
D. Stay away! Regret will heal itself.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者试图解释一个问题：世界上很多人常常陷于后悔之中，觉得这是不幸福的原因。所以试图永不后悔。但作者却认为适当的后悔才能帮助我们不断进步。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段二三句“The song’s idea is attractive: that anyone can just declare what’s done is done and move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they have no regrets at all.（这首歌的想法很吸引人：任何人都可以宣布所做的事情已经完成，然后继续前进。有些人更进一步，声称自己完全不后悔。）”可知，如果我们采纳Frank Sinatra的观点，在与朋友争吵后，我们不会道歉，我们只会任凭争吵已发生，然后朝前看。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段后两句“To rid yourself of regrets doesn’t free you from shame or sorrow; it leads you to make the same mistakes again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.（摆脱后悔并不能让你摆脱羞耻或悲伤；它会让你一次又一次犯同样的错误。要真正摆脱内疚，我们必须把后悔放在适当的位置。）”可知，作者并不赞同一个人永远都不后悔这一观点，相反他觉得，如果人永远都不后悔，它就会以此犯同样的错误，得不到任何提升和进步。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of（然后你会快进到今天，看看你们的关系会如何进展而不是）”可知，instead of前后为转折关系，前文说关系需要有进展，而有进展的反面则是结束关系，或者关系破裂，故推测languishing 意为“关系结束”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段一二句“But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it and use it for learning and improvement.（但后悔不必被忽视。诀窍是承认它，然后将其用于学习和改进中。）”可知，作者建议读者利用好“后悔”这一举动来促进自我的进步，故选项A“Regret to become smarter-if you let it.（如果你愿意-后悔能让你变得更聪明）”符合文章主旨大意。故选A项。
C
Chinese spacecraft finds lunar soil could make oxygen and fuel on the moon.
Lunar soil could be used to make oxygen and other products from chemical reactions that mimic photosynthesis (模拟光合作用), according to an analysis of samples brought back to Earth by the Chang’e 5 spacecraft. Reliable supplies of such substances are necessary for any future lunar base.
It is expensive to send goods into space, so any material that can be found on the moon and that doesn’t have to be brought from Earth can save a lot of money.
Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see if it could be used as a catalyst (催化剂) for a system that would transform carbon dioxide and water released by astronauts’ bodies into oxygen, hydrogen and other useful by-products that could be used to power a lunar base.
Yao and his team first analysed their sample using techniques to identify catalytically active components of the soil. They found high levels of iron and magnesium-based compounds (复合物) that could be useful in a reaction mimicking the photosynthesis that occurs in green plants.
The researchers then tested the soil as a catalyst in various chemical reactions that would form part of a photosynthesis-like process to produce hydrogen and oxygen from CO2 and water. They found that the soil’s efficiency wasn’t as good as catalysts we have on Earth and isn’t currently good enough to generate products in sufficient quantities to support human life on the moon, but that slight adjustments to the structure and composition of the lunar soil sample might see significant improvements.
8. Why is the finding about lunar soil’s products important?
A. It gives evidence for plants to grow outside Earth.
B. It provides efficient support for future lunar base.
C. It makes clear how the moon is mostly made up of.
D. It tells how photosynthesis happens on the moon.
9. What’s the aim of Chinese scientists’ study about lunar soil?
A. To test its chemical nature. B. To compare it with that from the earth.
C. To analyze its elements and by-products. D. To find useful mines that are rare on the earth.
10. What is used in the research?
A. A green plant. B. An iron component.
C. A lunar soil sample. D. Oxygen and hydrogen.
11. What can we know about the lunar soil from the last paragraph?
A. It needs further research. B. It can’t mimic photosynthesis at present.
C. It can only be used as soil for plant growing. D. Its efficiency is better than catalysts on Earth.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国的科学家对嫦娥5号宇宙飞船从月球带回来的土壤的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Reliable supplies of such substances are necessary for any future lunar base. (这类物质的可靠供应对于任何未来的月球基地都是必要的)”可知， 这些研究对于未来月球基地提供有效支持。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see if it could be used as a catalyst (催化剂) for a system that would transform carbon dioxide and water released by astronauts’ bodies into oxygen, hydrogen and other useful by-products that could be used to power a lunar base.(中国南京大学的姚应芳和他的团队检测了一份月球土壤样本，看看它是否可以用作一个系统的催化剂，该系统可以将宇航员身体释放的二氧化碳和水转化为氧气、氢气和其他有用的副产品，用于为月球基地提供动力)”可知， 研究月球土壤的目的是看它是否能够用作一个系统的催化剂，这是检测月球土壤样本本身的化学性质。 故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see (中国南京大学的姚应芳和他的团队检测了一份月球土壤样本)”可知研究中使用了月球土壤样本。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They found that the soil’s efficiency wasn’t as good as catalysts we have on Earth and isn’t currently good enough to generate products in sufficient quantities to support human life on the moon, but that slight adjustments to the structure and composition of the lunar soil sample might see significant improvements.(他们发现，月球土壤的效率不如我们在地球上拥有的催化剂，目前也不足以产生足够数量的产品，以支持人类在月球上生活，但对月球土壤样本的结构和组成进行轻微调整可能会看到显著的改善)”可推断，下一步会做一些改进方面的实验，所以需要做进一步的研究。 故选A。
D
Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. Increasing global temperatures causes water to rise into the air in larger amounts, which will lead to higher levels of atmospheric water vapor and more frequent, heavy, and intense rains in the coming years.
Climate scientists predict that this shift will lead to more floods since more water will fall than vegetation and soil can absorb. The remaining water, or runoff, flows into nearby waterways, picking up contaminants like fertilizers (肥料) on the way. Too much runoff eventually travels to larger bodies of water like lakes, and the ocean, damaging the water supply and limiting water access for humans and ecosystems.
When fertilizers from farming wash into lakes and the ocean, they promote the rapid growth of algae (藻类). These resulting algal blooms fill coasts and waterways with clouds of green, blue-green, red, or brown algae. They block sunlight from reaching underwater life and reduce oxygen levels within the water. Poisons from the algae can kill off fish and other aquatic animals, make people sick, and even kill humans. These poisons are especially dangerous because they can survive rainfall processes, making tap water unfit to consume once contaminated. Algal blooms also impact industries that rely on the water for business, and often cause local waterfronts to shut down during blooms.
There are many things that everyone can do to lessen the impact of climate change. Some measures include growing your own fruits and vegetables or buying locally grown produce, since produce is often transported to grocery stores from far away by trucks, which add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. You could also walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car.
12. What is a consequence of climate change according to paragraph 1?
A. Extreme weather. B. Water supply. C. Water cycle. D. Polluted atmosphere.
13. What does the underlined word “contaminants” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Nutrients. B. Soils. C. Pollutants. D. Organisms.
14. What does the author tell us to do in the last paragraph?
A. Master some ways to do farming work. B. Buy more foreign fruits and vegetables.
C. Have a regular exercise like walking. D. Form some habits of reducing carbon dioxide.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Causes of Climate Change. B. Harm Climate Change Does to Humans.
C. Impacts of Climate Change on Water Access. D. Ways to Lessen the Impacts of Climate Change.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。而我们每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. (气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。)”可知，气候变化会引起极端天气。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第二段“The remaining water, or runoff, flows into nearby waterways, picking up contaminants like fertilizers on the way. Too much runoff eventually travels to larger bodies of water like lakes, and the ocean, damaging the water supply and limiting water access for humans and ecosystems.(剩余的水或径流会流入附近的水道，在途中收集肥料等的 。过多的径流最终会流向更大的水体，如湖泊和海洋，从而破坏供水，限制人类和生态系统的用水。)”可知，最终这些径流会破坏人类和生态系统的用水，所以猜测contaminants应表示“污染物”。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“There are many things that everyone can do to lessen the impact of climate change. Some measures include growing your own fruits and vegetables or buying locally grown produce, since produce is often transported to grocery stores from far away by trucks, which add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. You could also walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car.(每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。一些措施包括种植自己的水果和蔬菜，或购买当地种植的农产品，因为农产品通常由卡车从很远的地方运到杂货店，这会增加大气中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或骑自行车代替开车。)”可知，我们可以做很多事来来减轻气候变化的影响。其中包括做一些可减少二氧化碳的事情。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. Increasing global temperatures causes water to rise into the air in larger amounts, which will lead to higher levels of atmospheric water vapor and more frequent, heavy, and intense rains in the coming years.(气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。全球气温升高会导致更多的水上升到空气中，这将导致未来几年更高水平的大气水蒸气和更频繁的暴雨。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水。所以C项Impacts of Climate Change on Water Access.(气候变化对用水的影响)符合文意。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Aside from a nursing degree, work experience and a desire to be a travel nurse, there are several must have “soft” skills that you need to be suitable for the job.
Adaptability is one of the most important skills needed to be a travel nurse. ____16____ Moving from place to place every few months and jumping into a new hospital while growing personally and professionally requires adaptability.
Being able to change in response to a situation is a key skill in being a good travel nurse. To be flexible, you need to be capable of quickly changing the way you work to best fit your boss’ needs. ____17____
Joining a new team for a short time means you need to communicate effectively. Keeping important things to yourself and being too closed won’t win you any friends. ____18____ Ask yourself: Do I consider who I am speaking to, what he/she needs to know and how to best express that message before I speak?
Relationships play a big part in the success of your lives. ____19____ Developing relationships takes emotional intelligence. To develop relationships, you must be able to understand and negotiate with other people.
____20____ Some nurses consider taking a travel assignment only for money. However, they are unhappy with moving around constantly. You need to love exploring new cities and seeing new things.
A. Not everyone can get used to it.
B. You need to communicate in a clear. friendly way.
C. Besides, a love of traveling is vital to being a travel nurse.
D. Soft skills enable you to get along with others and form relationships.
E. If you can adapt to a new environment quickly, you have an advantage.
F. People who can meet changing requirements are seen as valuable team players.
G. Developing relationships quickly and meaningfully will help your travel nursing career.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍成为一名旅行护士需要具备哪些技能。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Adaptability is one of the most important skills needed to be a travel nurse.”(适应能力是成为一名旅行护士所需的最重要技能之一。)可知，这一段主要介绍了旅行护士需要有很好的适应能力。E项“如果你能很快适应新环境，你就有优势。”和上文意思一致，“adapt to a new environment quickly”呼应上文的Adaptability。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Being able to change in response to a situation is a key skill in being a good travel nurse. To be flexible, you need to be capable of quickly changing the way you work to best fit your boss’ needs.”(成为一名优秀的旅行护士的关键技能是能够根据情况做出改变。要做到灵活，你需要能够迅速改变工作方式，以最好地满足老板的需求。)可知，旅行护士要有灵活应对问题的能力。F项“能够满足不断变化的需求的人被视为有价值的团队成员。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Joining a new team for a short time means you need to communicate effectively.”(短期加入一个新团队意味着你需要有效沟通。)和下文“Ask yourself: Do I consider who I am speaking to, what he/she needs to know and how to best express that message before I speak?”(问问自己：我是否考虑过我在和谁说话，他/她需要知道什么，以及在我说话之前如何最好地表达这个信息？)可知，这一段是分析有效沟通的重要性。B项“你需要以一种清晰、友好的方式沟通。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Relationships play a big part in the success of your lives.”(人际关系对你生活的成功起着重要作用。)可知，这一段介绍了建立良好的人际关系对成为旅行护士的重要作用。G项“快速而有意义地发展人际关系将有助于你的旅行护理事业”和上文意思一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Some nurses consider taking a travel assignment only for money. However, they are unhappy with moving around constantly. You need to love exploring new cities and seeing new things.”(一些护士认为出差只是为了钱。然而，他们对不断换地方感到不快。你需要热爱探索新城市和看到新事物。)可知，想要成为一名旅行护士，必须热爱旅行。C项“此外，热爱旅行是成为一名旅行护士的关键”和下文意思一致。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While some creatives discover their passion later in life, others find their calling at an early age. One elementary school student in Colorado named Kaia Aragon has been ____21____ the Internet with her closet of handmade designs. She was even ____22____ a sewing machine by Vera Wang! This ____23____ 9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021 and has dreams of one day being a ____24____ fashion designer.
Aragon ____25____ her growing collection of clothes on the Internet, where she poses in each one. These custom creations range from attractive dresses made from shining fabrics to casual tops to sports outfits she can wear while ____26____ “My inspiration comes from a ____27____ place for every design,” Aragon tells My Modern Met. “The one thing that stays the same is that I only use super ____28____ and comfortable fabrics.”
As it turns out, comfort is a huge ____29____ for Aragon, who was urged to make her own clothes due to a sense of _____30_____ with the pre-existing selection for girls of her age. “I like making clothes because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的) and _____31_____,”she explains. “With my own clothes, I can be super _____32_____ but also comfortable at the same time. So I can go to a tea party and then go ride my skateboard at the park and not have to _____33_____ first.”
Although Aragon has made numerous outfits, her _____34_____ favorite is a pale pink dress with a special design at the hem (裙边). “My next outfit will be a white dress with hand-painted fabric,” Aragon _____35_____.
21. A. surfing B. impressing C. searching D. ignoring
22. A. awarded B. shown C. fetched D. gifted
23. A. strange B. short C. talented D. active
24. A. professional B. young C. determined D. physical
25. A. gathers B. delivers C. shares D. purchases
26. A. picking up B. moving away C. stepping in D. working out
27. A. different B. quiet C. crowded D. common
28. A. tight B. thick C. soft D. heavy
29. A. challenge B. motivator C. burden D. barrier
30. A. puzzle B. caution C. satisfaction D. disappointment
31. A. dull B. incredible C. uncomfortable D. funny
32. A. clever B. elegant C. cautious D. fashionable
33. A. change B. worry C. mind D. stay
34. A. previous B. temporary C. current D. least
35. A. admits B. agrees C. declares D. complains
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了科罗拉多州一位名叫Kaia Aragon的小学生自己制作出既舒服又时尚的衣服，在网上分享，给网友留下深刻印象。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科罗拉多州一位名叫Kaia Aragon的小学生用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象。A. surfing上网，冲浪；B. impressing使印象深刻；C. searching寻找；D. ignoring忽视。由上文“others find their calling at an early age.”和下文“the Internet with her closet of handmade designs”可知，Kaia Aragon用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至被Vera Wang送了一台缝纫机！A. awarded授予，颁发；B. shown展示；C. fetched拿来；D. gifted赠送。由上文“One elementary school student in Colorado named Kaia Aragon has been____1____the Internet with her closet of handmade designs.”和下文“a sewing machine by Vera Wang”可知，Aragon用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象，所以Vera Wang送给她一台缝纫机，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个才华横溢的9岁女孩从2021年11月开始手工制作自己的衣服，她梦想有一天能成为一名专业的时装设计师。A. strange奇怪的；B. short短的；C. talented有天赋的；D. active积极的。由下文“9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021”可知，Aragon一直手工制作自己的衣服，这说明她在制作衣服这方面很有天赋，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个才华横溢的9岁女孩从2021年11月开始手工制作自己的衣服，她梦想有一天能成为一名专业的时装设计师。A. professional专业的；B. young年轻的；C. determined有决心的；D. physical身体的。由上文“9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021 and has dreams of one day being a”可知，Aragon一直手工制作自己的衣服，这说明她喜欢制作衣服，所以她的梦想是成为专业的时装设计师，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aragon在互联网上分享了她不断增加的服装收藏，她穿上每一件衣服摆姿势。A. gathers收集；B. delivers运送；C. shares分享；D. purchases购买。由下文“her growing collection of clothes on the Internet, where she poses in each one.”可知，Aragon在网上分享自己的服装收藏，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些定制服装各种各样，从闪亮的面料制成的漂亮裙子，到休闲上衣，再到她可以在锻炼时穿的运动服装。A. picking up捡起来；B. moving away搬走；C. stepping in插手干预；D. working out锻炼，解决。由下文“to sports outfits she can wear while”可知，运动服是在锻炼时穿，故选D。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我每一个设计的灵感都来自不同的地方，”Aragon告诉《我的现代大都会》杂志。A. different不同的；B. quiet安静的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. common共同的。由上文“place for every design”和下文“The one thing that stays the same is that I only use super___8____and comfortable fabrics.”可知，Aragon唯一保持不变的是，她只使用舒适的面料，由此可推知，她的设计灵感不是不变的，即每个设计灵感都来自不同的地方，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一保持不变的是，我只使用超级柔软和舒适的面料。A. tight紧的；B. thick厚的；C. soft软的；D. heavy重的。由下文“comfortable fabrics”可知，Aragon只使用超级柔软和舒适的面料，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，她对自己这个年龄段的女孩的预先选择感到失望，所以她急切地要自己做衣服。A. challenge挑战；B. motivator动力；C. burden负担；D. barrier障碍。由下文“who was urged to make her own clothes”可知，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，这促使她自己做衣服，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，她对自己这个年龄段的女孩的预先选择感到失望，所以她急切自己做衣服。A. puzzle难题；B. caution小心，谨慎；C. satisfaction满意；D. disappointment失望。由下文“I like making clothes because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的)”可知，小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服很硬，这让Aragon感到很失望，所以决定自己做衣服，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她解释说:“我喜欢做衣服，因为小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服是如此的僵硬和不舒服。”A. dull枯燥无聊的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. funny有趣的。由上文“stiff (僵硬的)”可知，小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服很硬且不舒服，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：穿上自己的衣服，我可以超级时尚，但同时也很舒服。A. clever聪明的；B. elegant优雅的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. fashionable时尚的。由上文“because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的)”和下文“but also comfortable at the same time”可知，女孩专区里的衣服虽漂亮但很不舒服，所以Aragon自己做衣服，她做出来的衣服既时尚又舒服，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样我就可以去参加一个茶话会，然后在公园里玩滑板，而不用先换衣服。A. change改变，更换；B. worry担心；C. mind介意；D. stay待。由上文“With my own clothes, I can be super____12____but also comfortable at the same time. So I can go to a tea party and then go ride my skateboard at the park and not have to”可知，Aragon自己做出来的衣服既时尚又舒服，所以她可以去参加一个茶话会，然后在公园里玩滑板，而不用先换衣服，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Aragon已经制作了许多套服装，但她目前最喜欢的是一件淡粉色的裙子，裙摆有特殊的设计。A. previous先前的；B. temporary暂时的；C. current当前的；D. least最少的。由下文“favorite is a pale pink dress with a special design at the hem”可知，此处指Aragon目前最喜欢的是一件淡粉色的裙子，裙摆有特殊的设计，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aragon声称，“我的下一件衣服将是一件手绘布料的白色连衣裙”。A. admits承认；B. agrees同意；C. declares宣布；D. complains抱怨。由上文““My next outfit will be a white dress with hand-painted fabric,” Aragon”可知，Aragon声称，她的下一件衣服将是一件手绘布料的白色连衣裙，故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cold Dew, the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct 8 and ends on Oct 22. At this time, there are some interesting ____36____ (phenomenon) you need to know.
Not only ____37____ temperatures drop significantly, but also rainfall is reduced. When the cold air encounters autumn rain, it turns into misty rain or fog. When the humidity is high, ____38____ (fog) regions form in many areas of China.
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense. That’s ____39____ temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn’t reach deep water thoroughly. Fish swim to shallow water areas ____40____ the water temperature is ____41____ (relative) high.
Pomegranates (石榴) are ripe during Cold Dew, releasing a sweet scent. With their exquisite beauty, flavor and color, pomegranates never fail to attract people and ____42____ (cherish) for centuries also for their health benefits and anti-aging benefits.
Chrysanthemum (菊花) is the iconic flower of Cold Dew. ____43____ (prevent) autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine, which is thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and ____44____ (stimulate) blood flow.
During Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with white clouds, red leaves and early frost. People often climb hills with cornels (茱萸)_____45_____ the day of the Double Ninth Festival, aiming to dispel evils.
【答案】36. phenomena
37. do
38. foggy
39. because
40. where 41. relatively
42. have been cherished
43. To prevent
44. stimulating
45. on
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一个节气——寒露。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这时，你需要知道一些有趣的现象。根据句意及some修饰可知，此处应填可数名词phenomenon的复数，表示“现象”。故填phenomena。
【37题详解】
考查倒装。句意：不仅气温显着下降，而且降雨量也减少了。根据句意及句子结构可知，Not only置于句首，其后句子的谓语动词需用部分倒装：否定词+助动词/情态动词+主语；由空后is可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数，助动词需用do。故填do。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当湿度很高时，中国许多地区都会形成雾区。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填形容词foggy，表示“多雾的”，作定语，修饰名词regions。故填foggy。
【39题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：人们常说秋天要在浅水里钓鱼是有道理的。这是因为在寒露期间，温度迅速下降，阳光无法完全到达深水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是表语从句，此处表示“因为”，故用引导词because，引导表语从句。故填because。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：鱼儿只会游到水温相对较高的浅水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是shallow water areas，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导，故填where。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：鱼游到水温相对高的浅水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，故此处应用副词relatively，表示“相对地”，作状语，修饰形容词high。故填relatively。
【42题详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：石榴以其精致的美丽、风味和颜色吸引着人们。几个世纪以来也因其有益健康和抗衰老而受到珍视。主语pomegranates与cherish是动宾关系，故用被动语态。根据时间状语for centuries及句意可知，此处表示石榴从过去到现在一直被珍视，还将被人们珍视下去，时态应用现在完成时。结合时态，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。主语pomegranates是复数，助动词用have，故填have been cherished。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了预防秋季干燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗，菊花酒被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表目的，应填不定式to prevent。位于句首，开头字母需大写。故填To prevent。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了预防秋季干燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗，菊花酒被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。根据句意及句子结构可知，and表示并列，故设空处与动名词strengthening保持一致，作介词by的宾语。故用动名词stimulating，故填stimulating。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们经常在重阳节那天带着茱萸爬山，目的是驱邪。根据句意及the day of the Double Ninth Festival可知，此处表示具体的某一天，应用介词on+具体日期。故填on。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是校青年志愿者协会会长李华，你校新来的交换生Jason有意加入该协会，写邮件向你咨询相关情况，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；2.协会介绍；3.加入方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jason,
Glad to know your desire to be a volunteer of the Youth Volunteer Association. As a member, I do regard it worthwhile to be engaged in volunteering and I’m writing to give you my warm welcome.
As for major activities, regularly, we are committed to raising funds and donations for those in need. Sometimes we hold events in the local community whose aim is to promote people’s awareness of environmental protection.
Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me. Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇书信写作。要求考生给交换生Jason回一封邮件，介绍青年志愿者协会的内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：as for→in terms of
奉献：be committed to→be devoted to
促进：promote→raise
从事：be engaged in→be involved in
2.句式拓展
同义句转化
原句：Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.
拓展句：After careful thoughts and decisions, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sometimes we hold events in the local community whose aim is to promote people’s awareness of environmental protection.（运用了定语从句）
【高分句型2】Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.（运用了once引导的时间状语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alan and the other campers sat around the fire chewing meat chops. It would be Alan’s first night in a tent, and he was excited but a little nervous.
As they ate, the conservation officer spoke. “Much of the wildlife in this area comes out only at night. So after supper, let’s start a night watch. Volunteers will take turns to stay down here by the fire, away from the tents. Those who take part will get a chance to see a world that many of you never knew existed.”
Alan’s stomach tightened. Then he heard the officer continue, “There are no dangerous animals this close to Cape Town. Any volunteers?”
A tough-looking kid with red hair muttered something about needing a good night’s sleep. Another boy spoke up. “I’ll take a shift.” The kid who’d sat next to Alan on the bus volunteered. Alan sat tight. Then one of the girls raised her hand with a giggle. Alan frowned. If a girl could do it, he could, too. He volunteered.
A few more kids raised their hands, and then the officer explained, “This is how it works. When the rest of you go to bed in a tent, the first watcher takes his or her place by the fire. The duty of watcher is to keep the fire going gently. After thirty minutes, he or she wakes the next person.”
Alan heard his voice asking, “Are you sure it’s absolutely safe?”
The officer looked at him. “The danger is minimal. We wouldn’t have taken you here otherwise. Do you still want to volunteer?” Alan nodded but felt uneasy.
Earlier that day, the officer had challenged the campers to spot animal tracks along the river. That was fun. But being alone in the dark was not. Alan’s flashlight was already fading to a dim glow because he had used it too often. Looking around, Alan thought he saw a large bird swooping (俯冲) and wondered if it was an owl. He had seen small paw prints in the sand by the river. Was the owl hunting for the creature that had made them?
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph1:
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
The next morning, the officer asked for reports.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness. A ripple of fear crept up on him as he cast a glance there. Heart beating wildly, Alan made his way to the noise, with both of his legs trembling uncontrollably. A closer look convinced him that it was only a rabbit, which quickly disappeared in the dark. In relief, he felt the gentle breeze rubbing his face. The moon shedding its silver light on the woods, Alan was greeted by the sound of birds and insects. Enveloped by fragrant air, he felt as if in the wonderland.
The next morning, the officer asked for reports. Other campers bragged about their adventure in the dark—how they ran into some “horrible” creatures and bravely scared them off. The officer, wearing a doubtful look, offered no comments. When it was Alan’s turn, he told the truth that there were no scary animals but breathtaking scenery to be explored. A smile blossomed on the officer’s face. That was exactly what the camping was all about. Only after one overcame the fear in his own heart could he embrace the real beauty of nature.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alan第一次晚上露营，他很兴奋但很紧张。晚饭过后，长官告诉他们这里晚上会有野生动物出没，需要志愿者轮流守夜。Alan虽然感觉守夜很危险，但是在一个女孩自告奋勇后，Alan也申请当志愿者。轮到他守夜时候，他看到一只大鸟在俯冲下来，且地上有动物的爪印，这让他感到害怕。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到一个声音，Alan愣住了，感觉黑暗中有什么东西。”可知，第一段可描写Alan在黑夜中探究这个声音的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，长官要求他们作报告。”可知，第二段可描写Alan和其他露营者说出自己守夜时的发现。
2.续写线索：
听到声音后愣住——害怕——寻找声音——发现小兔子——不再害怕——享受夜景——作报告——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①前往：make one’s way to /head for
②颤抖：tremble/shake
③包围：envelope/surround
情绪类
①吓人的：scary/fearsome/frightening
②令人惊叹的：breathtaking/amazing
【点睛】[高分句型1] A closer look convinced him that it was only a rabbit, which quickly disappeared in the dark.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] When it was Alan’s turn, he told the truth that there were no scary animals but breathtaking scenery to be explored.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
听力：1-20 CACBA BCABA BCCBA BABCC
2022年杭州二中高三年级模拟考试卷
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her husband. B. A salesperson. C. A tailor.
2. What is the woman considering doing?
A. Buying a vehicle. B. Getting a driving license. C. Lending the man some money.
3. Why does the woman come to Jack’s Salon?
A. To have her hair cut. B. To color her hair. C. To make a complaint.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Good news. B. Friendship. C. Their interests.
5. Where does the man usually listen to the radio?
A. In his car. B. In the office. C. At home.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man going to do tomorrow?
A. Have a good rest. B. Do the cleaning. C. Deal with his work.
7. Where will the speakers go first?
A. To the restaurant. B. To the laundry. C. To the supermarket.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will Jackson do this Saturday?
A. Revise for a test.
B. Go to an amusement park.
C. Take the final exam.
9. Why is Bobby mentioned in the conversation?
A. He may help Jackson with the exam.
B. He may join the woman.
C. He has tickets to the amusement park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the woman sound at the beginning of the conversation?
A. Amazed. B. Confused. C. Worried.
11. What role does the man suggest the woman play?
A. A fairy. B. Mulan. C. A rabbit.
12. When will the speakers go to the costume store?
A. On October 10th. B. On October 21st. C. On October 22nd.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who is probably the woman?
A. The man’s classmate. B. A teacher. C. A journalist.
14. How does the man learn mathematics?
A. By solving puzzles with others.
B. By giving himself some time for reflection.
C. By taking as many notes as possible.
15. Which subject is the man poor at?
A. French. B. Geography. C. Chemistry.
16. What does the man want to do next month?
A. Improve his oral French. B. Win a contest. C. Take part in a study.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the purpose of organizing the kite festival?
A To celebrate cultural diversity.
B. To sell more kites in Malta.
C. To teach children to make kites.
18. How long did the kite exhibition last?
A. Almost one day. B. Nearly three days. C. About seven days.
19. What is Emile Vassallo?
A. A scientist. B. An artist. C. A director.
20. Where was the third edition of the kite festival held?
A. In the Esplora Interactive Science Center.
B. At Verdala Palace.
C. On the Internet.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It is that time of the year, when a handful of world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human effort-the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Peabo won the first Nobel of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S, and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economics
The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.
1 What prize is related to the research with bones?
A. Physiology. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. D. Economics.
2. For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize?
A. About societal functions. B. About the history of America.
C. About banks and financial crises. D. About the Great Depression of the 1930s.
3. What do the prizes for physics, chemistry and economics have in common?
A. Their winners are from different countries. B. They have three winners.
C. They improve new technology. D. They help people understand hardship.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.(他以从尼安德特人骨头中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名)”可知，生理学奖项与骨骼研究有关。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig凭关于银行和金融危机研究获奖。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022.( Alain Aspect、John F. Clauser和Anton Zeilinger在量子技术方面的工作使他们在2022年获得了第二个诺贝尔奖)”；第四段中“The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. (诺贝尔化学奖授予了另一个三人组，来自美国的Carolyn R. Bertozzi、来自丹麦的Morten Meldal和来自美国的K. Barry Sharpless，他们“因发展了咔嗒化学和双正交化学”，委员会说)”以及最后一段中“The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家， Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，物理学奖、化学奖和经济学奖的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。
B
“Regrets, I’ve had a few. But then again, too few to mention,” Frank Sinatra chanted in his 1969 hit “My Way”. The song’s idea is attractive: that anyone can just declare what’s done is done and move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they have no regrets at all. Whether a boast or an actual attitude, “no regrets” suggests that life can and should be lived without looking through the rear-view mirror.
Easier said than done, though. In 2020, author Daniel H. Pink launched the World Regret Survey, the largest ever survey on the topic. With his research team, Pink asked more than 15,000 people in 105 countries, “How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently?” 82% said regret is at least an occasional part of their life; roughly 21% said they feel regret “al1 the time.” Only 1% said they never feel regret.
If you are of the “no regrets” type, you might think that all this regret is a recipe for unhappiness. But that isn’t the case. True, being overwhelmed by regret is indeed bad for you. But going to the other extreme may be even worse. To rid yourself of regrets doesn’t free you from shame or sorrow; it leads you to make the same mistakes again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.
As uncomfortable as it is, regret is an amazing cognitive (认知) achievement. If today your relationship with your partner has soured, your regret might mentally take you back to last year. You would remember your being mean and sensitive, and then imagine yourself showing more patience, being kind instead of hurtful at key moments. Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of languishing.
But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it and use it for learning and improvement. You can be honest with yourself about what went wrong and use that knowledge to enjoy better relationships in the future.
4. What should we do if we have had a bitter quarrel with a close friend according to Frank Sinatra?
A. Attract more people to your argument.
B. Send him/her a letter of apology.
C. Boast about being more reasonable.
D. Forget about it and just let it go.
5. Which of the following statements about regret may the writer agree with?
A. We can do nothing about regret.
B. Unhappiness results from regret.
C. Ignoring regrets is missing the opportunity to improve.
D. Ridding yourself of regrets helps free you from sorrow.
6. What does the underlined word “languishing” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Improving.
B. Healing.
C. Showing up.
D. Breaking up.
7. What might be a suitable title for the text?
A. Regret to become smarter-if you let it.
B. Long for a different past? Regret it!
C. Regret? Not my way!
D. Stay away! Regret will heal itself.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者试图解释一个问题：世界上很多人常常陷于后悔之中，觉得这是不幸福的原因。所以试图永不后悔。但作者却认为适当的后悔才能帮助我们不断进步。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段二三句“The song’s idea is attractive: that anyone can just declare what’s done is done and move on. Some take the declaration a step further and claim they have no regrets at all.（这首歌的想法很吸引人：任何人都可以宣布所做的事情已经完成，然后继续前进。有些人更进一步，声称自己完全不后悔。）”可知，如果我们采纳Frank Sinatra的观点，在与朋友争吵后，我们不会道歉，我们只会任凭争吵已发生，然后朝前看。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段后两句“To rid yourself of regrets doesn’t free you from shame or sorrow; it leads you to make the same mistakes again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.（摆脱后悔并不能让你摆脱羞耻或悲伤；它会让你一次又一次犯同样的错误。要真正摆脱内疚，我们必须把后悔放在适当的位置。）”可知，作者并不赞同一个人永远都不后悔这一观点，相反他觉得，如果人永远都不后悔，它就会以此犯同样的错误，得不到任何提升和进步。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be progressing instead of（然后你会快进到今天，看看你们的关系会如何进展而不是）”可知，instead of前后为转折关系，前文说关系需要有进展，而有进展的反面则是结束关系，或者关系破裂，故推测languishing 意为“关系结束”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段一二句“But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is to acknowledge it and use it for learning and improvement.（但后悔不必被忽视。诀窍是承认它，然后将其用于学习和改进中。）”可知，作者建议读者利用好“后悔”这一举动来促进自我的进步，故选项A“Regret to become smarter-if you let it.（如果你愿意-后悔能让你变得更聪明）”符合文章主旨大意。故选A项。
C
Chinese spacecraft finds lunar soil could make oxygen and fuel on the moon.
Lunar soil could be used to make oxygen and other products from chemical reactions that mimic photosynthesis (模拟光合作用), according to an analysis of samples brought back to Earth by the Chang’e 5 spacecraft. Reliable supplies of such substances are necessary for any future lunar base.
It is expensive to send goods into space, so any material that can be found on the moon and that doesn’t have to be brought from Earth can save a lot of money.
Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see if it could be used as a catalyst (催化剂) for a system that would transform carbon dioxide and water released by astronauts’ bodies into oxygen, hydrogen and other useful by-products that could be used to power a lunar base.
Yao and his team first analysed their sample using techniques to identify catalytically active components of the soil. They found high levels of iron and magnesium-based compounds (复合物) that could be useful in a reaction mimicking the photosynthesis that occurs in green plants.
The researchers then tested the soil as a catalyst in various chemical reactions that would form part of a photosynthesis-like process to produce hydrogen and oxygen from CO2 and water. They found that the soil’s efficiency wasn’t as good as catalysts we have on Earth and isn’t currently good enough to generate products in sufficient quantities to support human life on the moon, but that slight adjustments to the structure and composition of the lunar soil sample might see significant improvements.
8. Why is the finding about lunar soil’s products important?
A. It gives evidence for plants to grow outside Earth.
B. It provides efficient support for future lunar base.
C. It makes clear how the moon is mostly made up of.
D. It tells how photosynthesis happens on the moon.
9. What’s the aim of Chinese scientists’ study about lunar soil?
A. To test its chemical nature. B. To compare it with that from the earth.
C. To analyze its elements and by-products. D. To find useful mines that are rare on the earth.
10. What is used in the research?
A. A green plant. B. An iron component.
C. A lunar soil sample. D. Oxygen and hydrogen.
11. What can we know about the lunar soil from the last paragraph?
A. It needs further research. B. It can’t mimic photosynthesis at present.
C. It can only be used as soil for plant growing. D. Its efficiency is better than catalysts on Earth.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国的科学家对嫦娥5号宇宙飞船从月球带回来的土壤的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Reliable supplies of such substances are necessary for any future lunar base. (这类物质的可靠供应对于任何未来的月球基地都是必要的)”可知， 这些研究对于未来月球基地提供有效支持。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see if it could be used as a catalyst (催化剂) for a system that would transform carbon dioxide and water released by astronauts’ bodies into oxygen, hydrogen and other useful by-products that could be used to power a lunar base.(中国南京大学的姚应芳和他的团队检测了一份月球土壤样本，看看它是否可以用作一个系统的催化剂，该系统可以将宇航员身体释放的二氧化碳和水转化为氧气、氢气和其他有用的副产品，用于为月球基地提供动力)”可知， 研究月球土壤的目的是看它是否能够用作一个系统的催化剂，这是检测月球土壤样本本身的化学性质。 故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Yingfang Yao at Nanjing University, China, and his team examined a lunar soil sample to see (中国南京大学的姚应芳和他的团队检测了一份月球土壤样本)”可知研究中使用了月球土壤样本。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They found that the soil’s efficiency wasn’t as good as catalysts we have on Earth and isn’t currently good enough to generate products in sufficient quantities to support human life on the moon, but that slight adjustments to the structure and composition of the lunar soil sample might see significant improvements.(他们发现，月球土壤的效率不如我们在地球上拥有的催化剂，目前也不足以产生足够数量的产品，以支持人类在月球上生活，但对月球土壤样本的结构和组成进行轻微调整可能会看到显著的改善)”可推断，下一步会做一些改进方面的实验，所以需要做进一步的研究。 故选A。
D
Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. Increasing global temperatures causes water to rise into the air in larger amounts, which will lead to higher levels of atmospheric water vapor and more frequent, heavy, and intense rains in the coming years.
Climate scientists predict that this shift will lead to more floods since more water will fall than vegetation and soil can absorb. The remaining water, or runoff, flows into nearby waterways, picking up contaminants like fertilizers (肥料) on the way. Too much runoff eventually travels to larger bodies of water like lakes, and the ocean, damaging the water supply and limiting water access for humans and ecosystems.
When fertilizers from farming wash into lakes and the ocean, they promote the rapid growth of algae (藻类). These resulting algal blooms fill coasts and waterways with clouds of green, blue-green, red, or brown algae. They block sunlight from reaching underwater life and reduce oxygen levels within the water. Poisons from the algae can kill off fish and other aquatic animals, make people sick, and even kill humans. These poisons are especially dangerous because they can survive rainfall processes, making tap water unfit to consume once contaminated. Algal blooms also impact industries that rely on the water for business, and often cause local waterfronts to shut down during blooms.
There are many things that everyone can do to lessen the impact of climate change. Some measures include growing your own fruits and vegetables or buying locally grown produce, since produce is often transported to grocery stores from far away by trucks, which add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. You could also walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car.
12. What is a consequence of climate change according to paragraph 1?
A. Extreme weather. B. Water supply. C. Water cycle. D. Polluted atmosphere.
13. What does the underlined word “contaminants” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Nutrients. B. Soils. C. Pollutants. D. Organisms.
14. What does the author tell us to do in the last paragraph?
A. Master some ways to do farming work. B. Buy more foreign fruits and vegetables.
C. Have a regular exercise like walking. D. Form some habits of reducing carbon dioxide.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Causes of Climate Change. B. Harm Climate Change Does to Humans.
C. Impacts of Climate Change on Water Access. D. Ways to Lessen the Impacts of Climate Change.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。而我们每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. (气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。)”可知，气候变化会引起极端天气。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第二段“The remaining water, or runoff, flows into nearby waterways, picking up contaminants like fertilizers on the way. Too much runoff eventually travels to larger bodies of water like lakes, and the ocean, damaging the water supply and limiting water access for humans and ecosystems.(剩余的水或径流会流入附近的水道，在途中收集肥料等的 。过多的径流最终会流向更大的水体，如湖泊和海洋，从而破坏供水，限制人类和生态系统的用水。)”可知，最终这些径流会破坏人类和生态系统的用水，所以猜测contaminants应表示“污染物”。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“There are many things that everyone can do to lessen the impact of climate change. Some measures include growing your own fruits and vegetables or buying locally grown produce, since produce is often transported to grocery stores from far away by trucks, which add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. You could also walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car.(每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。一些措施包括种植自己的水果和蔬菜，或购买当地种植的农产品，因为农产品通常由卡车从很远的地方运到杂货店，这会增加大气中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或骑自行车代替开车。)”可知，我们可以做很多事来来减轻气候变化的影响。其中包括做一些可减少二氧化碳的事情。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Climate change is already affecting water access for people around the world, causing more severe droughts and floods. Climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much rain falls. It also leads to more severe weather events over time. Increasing global temperatures causes water to rise into the air in larger amounts, which will lead to higher levels of atmospheric water vapor and more frequent, heavy, and intense rains in the coming years.(气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致更严重的天气事件。全球气温升高会导致更多的水上升到空气中，这将导致未来几年更高水平的大气水蒸气和更频繁的暴雨。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水。所以C项Impacts of Climate Change on Water Access.(气候变化对用水的影响)符合文意。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Aside from a nursing degree, work experience and a desire to be a travel nurse, there are several must have “soft” skills that you need to be suitable for the job.
Adaptability is one of the most important skills needed to be a travel nurse. ____16____ Moving from place to place every few months and jumping into a new hospital while growing personally and professionally requires adaptability.
Being able to change in response to a situation is a key skill in being a good travel nurse. To be flexible, you need to be capable of quickly changing the way you work to best fit your boss’ needs. ____17____
Joining a new team for a short time means you need to communicate effectively. Keeping important things to yourself and being too closed won’t win you any friends. ____18____ Ask yourself: Do I consider who I am speaking to, what he/she needs to know and how to best express that message before I speak?
Relationships play a big part in the success of your lives. ____19____ Developing relationships takes emotional intelligence. To develop relationships, you must be able to understand and negotiate with other people.
____20____ Some nurses consider taking a travel assignment only for money. However, they are unhappy with moving around constantly. You need to love exploring new cities and seeing new things.
A. Not everyone can get used to it.
B. You need to communicate in a clear. friendly way.
C. Besides, a love of traveling is vital to being a travel nurse.
D. Soft skills enable you to get along with others and form relationships.
E. If you can adapt to a new environment quickly, you have an advantage.
F. People who can meet changing requirements are seen as valuable team players.
G. Developing relationships quickly and meaningfully will help your travel nursing career.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍成为一名旅行护士需要具备哪些技能。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Adaptability is one of the most important skills needed to be a travel nurse.”(适应能力是成为一名旅行护士所需的最重要技能之一。)可知，这一段主要介绍了旅行护士需要有很好的适应能力。E项“如果你能很快适应新环境，你就有优势。”和上文意思一致，“adapt to a new environment quickly”呼应上文的Adaptability。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Being able to change in response to a situation is a key skill in being a good travel nurse. To be flexible, you need to be capable of quickly changing the way you work to best fit your boss’ needs.”(成为一名优秀的旅行护士的关键技能是能够根据情况做出改变。要做到灵活，你需要能够迅速改变工作方式，以最好地满足老板的需求。)可知，旅行护士要有灵活应对问题的能力。F项“能够满足不断变化的需求的人被视为有价值的团队成员。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Joining a new team for a short time means you need to communicate effectively.”(短期加入一个新团队意味着你需要有效沟通。)和下文“Ask yourself: Do I consider who I am speaking to, what he/she needs to know and how to best express that message before I speak?”(问问自己：我是否考虑过我在和谁说话，他/她需要知道什么，以及在我说话之前如何最好地表达这个信息？)可知，这一段是分析有效沟通的重要性。B项“你需要以一种清晰、友好的方式沟通。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Relationships play a big part in the success of your lives.”(人际关系对你生活的成功起着重要作用。)可知，这一段介绍了建立良好的人际关系对成为旅行护士的重要作用。G项“快速而有意义地发展人际关系将有助于你的旅行护理事业”和上文意思一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Some nurses consider taking a travel assignment only for money. However, they are unhappy with moving around constantly. You need to love exploring new cities and seeing new things.”(一些护士认为出差只是为了钱。然而，他们对不断换地方感到不快。你需要热爱探索新城市和看到新事物。)可知，想要成为一名旅行护士，必须热爱旅行。C项“此外，热爱旅行是成为一名旅行护士的关键”和下文意思一致。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While some creatives discover their passion later in life, others find their calling at an early age. One elementary school student in Colorado named Kaia Aragon has been ____21____ the Internet with her closet of handmade designs. She was even ____22____ a sewing machine by Vera Wang! This ____23____ 9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021 and has dreams of one day being a ____24____ fashion designer.
Aragon ____25____ her growing collection of clothes on the Internet, where she poses in each one. These custom creations range from attractive dresses made from shining fabrics to casual tops to sports outfits she can wear while ____26____ “My inspiration comes from a ____27____ place for every design,” Aragon tells My Modern Met. “The one thing that stays the same is that I only use super ____28____ and comfortable fabrics.”
As it turns out, comfort is a huge ____29____ for Aragon, who was urged to make her own clothes due to a sense of _____30_____ with the pre-existing selection for girls of her age. “I like making clothes because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的) and _____31_____,”she explains. “With my own clothes, I can be super _____32_____ but also comfortable at the same time. So I can go to a tea party and then go ride my skateboard at the park and not have to _____33_____ first.”
Although Aragon has made numerous outfits, her _____34_____ favorite is a pale pink dress with a special design at the hem (裙边). “My next outfit will be a white dress with hand-painted fabric,” Aragon _____35_____.
21. A. surfing B. impressing C. searching D. ignoring
22. A. awarded B. shown C. fetched D. gifted
23. A. strange B. short C. talented D. active
24. A. professional B. young C. determined D. physical
25. A. gathers B. delivers C. shares D. purchases
26. A. picking up B. moving away C. stepping in D. working out
27. A. different B. quiet C. crowded D. common
28. A. tight B. thick C. soft D. heavy
29. A. challenge B. motivator C. burden D. barrier
30. A. puzzle B. caution C. satisfaction D. disappointment
31. A. dull B. incredible C. uncomfortable D. funny
32. A. clever B. elegant C. cautious D. fashionable
33. A. change B. worry C. mind D. stay
34. A. previous B. temporary C. current D. least
35. A. admits B. agrees C. declares D. complains
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了科罗拉多州一位名叫Kaia Aragon的小学生自己制作出既舒服又时尚的衣服，在网上分享，给网友留下深刻印象。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科罗拉多州一位名叫Kaia Aragon的小学生用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象。A. surfing上网，冲浪；B. impressing使印象深刻；C. searching寻找；D. ignoring忽视。由上文“others find their calling at an early age.”和下文“the Internet with her closet of handmade designs”可知，Kaia Aragon用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至被Vera Wang送了一台缝纫机！A. awarded授予，颁发；B. shown展示；C. fetched拿来；D. gifted赠送。由上文“One elementary school student in Colorado named Kaia Aragon has been____1____the Internet with her closet of handmade designs.”和下文“a sewing machine by Vera Wang”可知，Aragon用她的手工设计壁橱在互联网上留下了深刻的印象，所以Vera Wang送给她一台缝纫机，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个才华横溢的9岁女孩从2021年11月开始手工制作自己的衣服，她梦想有一天能成为一名专业的时装设计师。A. strange奇怪的；B. short短的；C. talented有天赋的；D. active积极的。由下文“9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021”可知，Aragon一直手工制作自己的衣服，这说明她在制作衣服这方面很有天赋，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个才华横溢的9岁女孩从2021年11月开始手工制作自己的衣服，她梦想有一天能成为一名专业的时装设计师。A. professional专业的；B. young年轻的；C. determined有决心的；D. physical身体的。由上文“9-year-old has been making her own clothes by hand since November 2021 and has dreams of one day being a”可知，Aragon一直手工制作自己的衣服，这说明她喜欢制作衣服，所以她的梦想是成为专业的时装设计师，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aragon在互联网上分享了她不断增加的服装收藏，她穿上每一件衣服摆姿势。A. gathers收集；B. delivers运送；C. shares分享；D. purchases购买。由下文“her growing collection of clothes on the Internet, where she poses in each one.”可知，Aragon在网上分享自己的服装收藏，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些定制服装各种各样，从闪亮的面料制成的漂亮裙子，到休闲上衣，再到她可以在锻炼时穿的运动服装。A. picking up捡起来；B. moving away搬走；C. stepping in插手干预；D. working out锻炼，解决。由下文“to sports outfits she can wear while”可知，运动服是在锻炼时穿，故选D。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我每一个设计的灵感都来自不同的地方，”Aragon告诉《我的现代大都会》杂志。A. different不同的；B. quiet安静的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. common共同的。由上文“place for every design”和下文“The one thing that stays the same is that I only use super___8____and comfortable fabrics.”可知，Aragon唯一保持不变的是，她只使用舒适的面料，由此可推知，她的设计灵感不是不变的，即每个设计灵感都来自不同的地方，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一保持不变的是，我只使用超级柔软和舒适的面料。A. tight紧的；B. thick厚的；C. soft软的；D. heavy重的。由下文“comfortable fabrics”可知，Aragon只使用超级柔软和舒适的面料，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，她对自己这个年龄段的女孩的预先选择感到失望，所以她急切地要自己做衣服。A. challenge挑战；B. motivator动力；C. burden负担；D. barrier障碍。由下文“who was urged to make her own clothes”可知，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，这促使她自己做衣服，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，舒适对Aragon来说是一个巨大的动力，她对自己这个年龄段的女孩的预先选择感到失望，所以她急切自己做衣服。A. puzzle难题；B. caution小心，谨慎；C. satisfaction满意；D. disappointment失望。由下文“I like making clothes because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的)”可知，小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服很硬，这让Aragon感到很失望，所以决定自己做衣服，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她解释说:“我喜欢做衣服，因为小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服是如此的僵硬和不舒服。”A. dull枯燥无聊的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. funny有趣的。由上文“stiff (僵硬的)”可知，小女孩专区里的漂亮衣服很硬且不舒服，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：穿上自己的衣服，我可以超级时尚，但同时也很舒服。A. clever聪明的；B. elegant优雅的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. fashionable时尚的。由上文“because the fancy dresses in the little girls’ sections are so stiff (僵硬的)”和下文“but also comfortable at the same time”可知，女孩专区里的衣服虽漂亮但很不舒服，所以Aragon自己做衣服，她做出来的衣服既时尚又舒服，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样我就可以去参加一个茶话会，然后在公园里玩滑板，而不用先换衣服。A. change改变，更换；B. worry担心；C. mind介意；D. stay待。由上文“With my own clothes, I can be super____12____but also comfortable at the same time. So I can go to a tea party and then go ride my skateboard at the park and not have to”可知，Aragon自己做出来的衣服既时尚又舒服，所以她可以去参加一个茶话会，然后在公园里玩滑板，而不用先换衣服，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Aragon已经制作了许多套服装，但她目前最喜欢的是一件淡粉色的裙子，裙摆有特殊的设计。A. previous先前的；B. temporary暂时的；C. current当前的；D. least最少的。由下文“favorite is a pale pink dress with a special design at the hem”可知，此处指Aragon目前最喜欢的是一件淡粉色的裙子，裙摆有特殊的设计，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aragon声称，“我的下一件衣服将是一件手绘布料的白色连衣裙”。A. admits承认；B. agrees同意；C. declares宣布；D. complains抱怨。由上文““My next outfit will be a white dress with hand-painted fabric,” Aragon”可知，Aragon声称，她的下一件衣服将是一件手绘布料的白色连衣裙，故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cold Dew, the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct 8 and ends on Oct 22. At this time, there are some interesting ____36____ (phenomenon) you need to know.
Not only ____37____ temperatures drop significantly, but also rainfall is reduced. When the cold air encounters autumn rain, it turns into misty rain or fog. When the humidity is high, ____38____ (fog) regions form in many areas of China.
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense. That’s ____39____ temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine doesn’t reach deep water thoroughly. Fish swim to shallow water areas ____40____ the water temperature is ____41____ (relative) high.
Pomegranates (石榴) are ripe during Cold Dew, releasing a sweet scent. With their exquisite beauty, flavor and color, pomegranates never fail to attract people and ____42____ (cherish) for centuries also for their health benefits and anti-aging benefits.
Chrysanthemum (菊花) is the iconic flower of Cold Dew. ____43____ (prevent) autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine, which is thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and ____44____ (stimulate) blood flow.
During Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with white clouds, red leaves and early frost. People often climb hills with cornels (茱萸)_____45_____ the day of the Double Ninth Festival, aiming to dispel evils.
【答案】36. phenomena
37. do
38. foggy
39. because
40. where 41. relatively
42. have been cherished
43. To prevent
44. stimulating
45. on
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一个节气——寒露。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这时，你需要知道一些有趣的现象。根据句意及some修饰可知，此处应填可数名词phenomenon的复数，表示“现象”。故填phenomena。
【37题详解】
考查倒装。句意：不仅气温显着下降，而且降雨量也减少了。根据句意及句子结构可知，Not only置于句首，其后句子的谓语动词需用部分倒装：否定词+助动词/情态动词+主语；由空后is可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数，助动词需用do。故填do。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当湿度很高时，中国许多地区都会形成雾区。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填形容词foggy，表示“多雾的”，作定语，修饰名词regions。故填foggy。
【39题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：人们常说秋天要在浅水里钓鱼是有道理的。这是因为在寒露期间，温度迅速下降，阳光无法完全到达深水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是表语从句，此处表示“因为”，故用引导词because，引导表语从句。故填because。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：鱼儿只会游到水温相对较高的浅水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是shallow water areas，在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导，故填where。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：鱼游到水温相对高的浅水区。根据句意及句子结构可知，故此处应用副词relatively，表示“相对地”，作状语，修饰形容词high。故填relatively。
【42题详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：石榴以其精致的美丽、风味和颜色吸引着人们。几个世纪以来也因其有益健康和抗衰老而受到珍视。主语pomegranates与cherish是动宾关系，故用被动语态。根据时间状语for centuries及句意可知，此处表示石榴从过去到现在一直被珍视，还将被人们珍视下去，时态应用现在完成时。结合时态，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。主语pomegranates是复数，助动词用have，故填have been cherished。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了预防秋季干燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗，菊花酒被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表目的，应填不定式to prevent。位于句首，开头字母需大写。故填To prevent。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了预防秋季干燥，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗，菊花酒被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。根据句意及句子结构可知，and表示并列，故设空处与动名词strengthening保持一致，作介词by的宾语。故用动名词stimulating，故填stimulating。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们经常在重阳节那天带着茱萸爬山，目的是驱邪。根据句意及the day of the Double Ninth Festival可知，此处表示具体的某一天，应用介词on+具体日期。故填on。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是校青年志愿者协会会长李华，你校新来的交换生Jason有意加入该协会，写邮件向你咨询相关情况，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；2.协会介绍；3.加入方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jason,
Glad to know your desire to be a volunteer of the Youth Volunteer Association. As a member, I do regard it worthwhile to be engaged in volunteering and I’m writing to give you my warm welcome.
As for major activities, regularly, we are committed to raising funds and donations for those in need. Sometimes we hold events in the local community whose aim is to promote people’s awareness of environmental protection.
Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me. Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇书信写作。要求考生给交换生Jason回一封邮件，介绍青年志愿者协会的内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：as for→in terms of
奉献：be committed to→be devoted to
促进：promote→raise
从事：be engaged in→be involved in
2.句式拓展
同义句转化
原句：Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.
拓展句：After careful thoughts and decisions, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sometimes we hold events in the local community whose aim is to promote people’s awareness of environmental protection.（运用了定语从句）
【高分句型2】Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me.（运用了once引导的时间状语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alan and the other campers sat around the fire chewing meat chops. It would be Alan’s first night in a tent, and he was excited but a little nervous.
As they ate, the conservation officer spoke. “Much of the wildlife in this area comes out only at night. So after supper, let’s start a night watch. Volunteers will take turns to stay down here by the fire, away from the tents. Those who take part will get a chance to see a world that many of you never knew existed.”
Alan’s stomach tightened. Then he heard the officer continue, “There are no dangerous animals this close to Cape Town. Any volunteers?”
A tough-looking kid with red hair muttered something about needing a good night’s sleep. Another boy spoke up. “I’ll take a shift.” The kid who’d sat next to Alan on the bus volunteered. Alan sat tight. Then one of the girls raised her hand with a giggle. Alan frowned. If a girl could do it, he could, too. He volunteered.
A few more kids raised their hands, and then the officer explained, “This is how it works. When the rest of you go to bed in a tent, the first watcher takes his or her place by the fire. The duty of watcher is to keep the fire going gently. After thirty minutes, he or she wakes the next person.”
Alan heard his voice asking, “Are you sure it’s absolutely safe?”
The officer looked at him. “The danger is minimal. We wouldn’t have taken you here otherwise. Do you still want to volunteer?” Alan nodded but felt uneasy.
Earlier that day, the officer had challenged the campers to spot animal tracks along the river. That was fun. But being alone in the dark was not. Alan’s flashlight was already fading to a dim glow because he had used it too often. Looking around, Alan thought he saw a large bird swooping (俯冲) and wondered if it was an owl. He had seen small paw prints in the sand by the river. Was the owl hunting for the creature that had made them?
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph1:
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
The next morning, the officer asked for reports.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness. A ripple of fear crept up on him as he cast a glance there. Heart beating wildly, Alan made his way to the noise, with both of his legs trembling uncontrollably. A closer look convinced him that it was only a rabbit, which quickly disappeared in the dark. In relief, he felt the gentle breeze rubbing his face. The moon shedding its silver light on the woods, Alan was greeted by the sound of birds and insects. Enveloped by fragrant air, he felt as if in the wonderland.
The next morning, the officer asked for reports. Other campers bragged about their adventure in the dark—how they ran into some “horrible” creatures and bravely scared them off. The officer, wearing a doubtful look, offered no comments. When it was Alan’s turn, he told the truth that there were no scary animals but breathtaking scenery to be explored. A smile blossomed on the officer’s face. That was exactly what the camping was all about. Only after one overcame the fear in his own heart could he embrace the real beauty of nature.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alan第一次晚上露营，他很兴奋但很紧张。晚饭过后，长官告诉他们这里晚上会有野生动物出没，需要志愿者轮流守夜。Alan虽然感觉守夜很危险，但是在一个女孩自告奋勇后，Alan也申请当志愿者。轮到他守夜时候，他看到一只大鸟在俯冲下来，且地上有动物的爪印，这让他感到害怕。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到一个声音，Alan愣住了，感觉黑暗中有什么东西。”可知，第一段可描写Alan在黑夜中探究这个声音的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，长官要求他们作报告。”可知，第二段可描写Alan和其他露营者说出自己守夜时的发现。
2.续写线索：
听到声音后愣住——害怕——寻找声音——发现小兔子——不再害怕——享受夜景——作报告——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①前往：make one’s way to /head for
②颤抖：tremble/shake
③包围：envelope/surround
情绪类
①吓人的：scary/fearsome/frightening
②令人惊叹的：breathtaking/amazing
【点睛】[高分句型1] A closer look convinced him that it was only a rabbit, which quickly disappeared in the dark.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] When it was Alan’s turn, he told the truth that there were no scary animals but breathtaking scenery to be explored.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
听力：1-20 CACBA BCABA BCCBA BABCC
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