【寒假自学】2023年人教版(2019)高二英语（选择性必修第三册）-第11讲 Unit1 Art 寒假精品讲学案

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第11讲 Art
【学习目标】

一． 预习Unit1重点单词、短语、句型
二． 预习Unit1课文
三． 预习Unit1知识点
课内知识抢先学



一、重点词汇抢先背
1. precise [prɪˈsaɪs] adj.准确的;精确的→precisely [prɪˈsaɪsli] adv.准确地;精确地;的确如此
2. real [ˈriːəl] adj.实际存在的,非想象的;名副其实的;真正的,真实的;真的→reality [riˈæləti] n.现实;实际;真实→realistic [ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk] adj.现实的;逼真的→realist [ˈriːəlɪst] n.现实主义画家(或作家等);现实主义者→realism [ˈriːəlɪzəm] n.逼真;现实主义;务实作风
3. primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj.发展水平低的;原始的;远古的 n.文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
4. dimension [daɪˈmenʃn] n.维;规模;范围→dimensional [ˌtuː daɪˈmenʃənl] adj.维度的
5. humanity [hjuːˈmænəti] n.人性;人道;(统称)人类→humanistic [ˌhjuːməˈnɪstɪk] adj. 人文主义的
6. breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n.重大进展;突破
7. influence [ˈɪnfluəns] n.影响,作用;势力,影响力;有影响的人(或事物)
v. 影响,对......起作用→influential [ˌɪnfluˈenʃl] adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的
8. repute [rɪˈpjuːt] n.名誉;声望→reputation [ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn] n.名誉;名声
9. noble [ˈnəʊbl] n.贵族成员;出身高贵的人 adj.崇高的;宏伟的;高贵的
10. rank [ræŋk] n.地位;级别;行列 vt.&vi.把......分等级;使排成行
11. purchase ['pɜːtʃəs] vt.购买;采购 n.购买;购买的东西
12. client [ˈklaɪənt] n.委托人;当事人;客户
13. photography [fəˈtɒɡrəfi] n.照相术;摄影→photograph [ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf] n.照片,相片 v. 拍照,照相→photographer [fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)] n.拍照者,摄影师
14. emerge [ɪˈmɜːdʒ] vi & vt.出现;浮现;暴露
15. sunrise [ˈsʌnraɪz] n.日出→sunset [ˈsʌnset] n.日落,傍晚;晚霞
16. convey [kənˈveɪ] vt.表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送
17. subjective [səbˈdʒektɪv] adj.主观的→objective [əbˈdʒektɪv] adj.客观的,不带个人情感的
19. outer [ˈaʊtə(r)] adj.外表的;外边的;外围的→inner [ˈɪnə(r)] adj.内部的,靠近中心的;内心的n.内部,内里;靶子内圈
20. subsequent [ˈsʌbsɪkwənt] adj.随后的;后来的;之后的→subsequently [ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli] adv.随后,其后;后来
21. fond [fɒnd] adj.喜爱→fondness [ˈfɒndnəs] n.爱好;喜爱
22. sculpture [ˈskʌlptʃə(r)] n.雕像;雕刻品;雕刻术→sculptor [ˈskʌlptə(r)] n.雕刻家;雕塑家
23. visual [ˈvɪʒuəl] adj.视觉的;视力的
24. pond [pɒnd] n.池塘;水池
25. arch [ɑːtʃ] vt.&vi.呈弧形横跨;(使)成弓形 n.拱;拱形结构;拱门→arched [ɑːtʃt] adj.拱形的;弓形的
26. invest [ɪnˈvest] v. 投资;投入→investment [ɪnˈvestmənt] n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入
27. permanent [ˈpɜːmənənt] adj.永久的;永恒的;长久的
28. memorial [məˈmɔːriəl] n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的→memory n.记忆,记忆力;内存, [计] 存储器;回忆
29. humble [ˈhʌmbl] adj.谦逊的;虚心的;卑微的
30. criticise [NAmE -ize] [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz] vi.&vt.批评;指责;评价→criticism [ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm] n.批评;指责;评论
31. represent [ˌreprɪˈzent] v. 代表;为......代言(辩护)→representative [ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv] adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.代表
32. ink [ɪŋk] n.墨水;墨汁;油墨
33. symphony [ˈsɪmfəni] n.交响乐;交响曲
34. decline [dɪˈklaɪn] n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少;下降;衰落 vi.&vt.减少;下降;衰落;谢绝
35. exhibit [ɪɡˈzɪbɪt] v. 表现出;卖弄,炫耀;提出(证据等);展览,展出→exhibition [ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn] n.展览;(技能、感情或行为的)表演
36. vase [vɑːz; NAmE veɪs;veɪz] n.花瓶;装饰瓶
37. art [ɑːˈt] n.艺术,美术→artistic [ɑːˈtɪstɪk] adj.艺术的;艺术家的
38. entry [ˈentri] n.加入;进入;参与
39. civil [ˈsɪvl] adj.国民的;民用的;民事的→civilize/ civilse [ˈsɪvəlaɪz] v. 教化,熏陶;改善,改进;使文明,使开化→civilization/ civilisation [ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n] n.文明;文明社会,文明国家
40. recognize/ recognise [ˈrekəɡnaɪz] v.承认;认出;赞誉→recognition [ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn] n.承认;认出;赞誉
41. expand [ɪkˈspænd] v. 扩大,增加;扩展,发展→expansion [ɪkˈspænʃn] n.扩张;扩展;扩大
42. guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː] vt.保证;确保;肯定......必然发生 n.保证;保修单;担保物
43. contemporary [kənˈtemprəri] adj.当代的;现代的;属同时期的 n.同代人;同辈人
44. worth [wɜːθ] adj.价值......的,值......钱的;值得的,具有......价值的 n.价格,价值;重要性worthy [ˈwɜːði] adj.值得......的;有价值的
二．课文翻译
Unit 1 ART
Reading and Thinking
课文原文
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTNG
What is Western art? It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century) 中世纪(5 世纪到 15 世纪)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
Impressionism( late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene---the subjective impression the scene gave him---but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir’s paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next?” Painters such as Picasso (1881-1973) tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?”

课文译文
西方绘画简史
什么是西方艺术？很难对此给出一个准确的定义。由于西方艺术的风格迥异，在一篇短文中全部描述出来是不可能的。也许了解西方艺术的最佳方式是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展历程。
中世纪（5至15世纪）
在中世纪，西方艺术旨在向人们宣扬基督教。因此，艺术家们对描绘现实场景不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为粗糙且二维化，主体人物通常比其他人（所占版面）大得多，以彰显其重要性。13 世纪，乔托・迪・邦多纳（1267-1337）开始改变这种现象。虽然他的画作中仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画作品尤其以其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。
文艺复兴时期（14至17世纪）
新思相和新价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的旧思想和旧价值观。因此，画家们更少关注宗教主题。他们开始对生命采取更具人文主义的态度。这一时期的一项重要突破就是马萨乔（1401-1428）对于透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多・达・芬奇（1452-1519）、米开朗基罗（1475-1564）和拉斐尔（1483-1520），在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
（该时期的）另一创新是油画颜料的使用。一些最出色的油画作品色彩深邃，栩栩如生，看起来宛如照片。尽管早在达・芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗（16061669）使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。
在（绘画的）主题上，重心越来越多地从宗教主题转移到我们周围的人和世界。国王、贵族和地位很高的人都想买自己和他们所爱之人的精确画像。其他人则想要描绘重要历史事件或神话故事的画作。最后，大多数客户想要买看上去集美丽与趣味于一体的画作。
印象主义（19世纪末至20世纪初）
西方艺术的发展（步伐）开始放缓，直到19世纪中叶照相术的发明。在那之后，不再需要用画作来保存人和世界的面貌因此，画家们必须寻找新的方式来审视他们的艺术。由此，印象主义在法国出现。这一流派得名于克劳德・莫奈（1840-1926）的画作《印象・日出》。在这幅作品里，莫奈试图传达场景中的光线和动态变化——这个场景给他的主观印象——而非对场景本身的详细记录。
许多印象派画家描绘自然或日常生活场景，其他画家，如雷诺阿（1841-1919）则关注人。与那个时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的画作充满了光影和色彩，极具生命力他试图在展示创作对象的外在形象之余，也呈现他们内心的温暖和人性。
现代艺术（20世纪至今）
继印象主义之后，后来的画家们开始发问：“我们接下来做什么呢？”毕加索（1881-1973）等画家尝试用一种新方式——立体主义——分析自然界中存在的形状。另一些画家给他们的画作赋予了逼真却又梦幻的特质。还有些画家转向了抽象艺术。他们不再试图反映现实，而是发问：“什么是艺术？”

Using Language
课文原文
ANCIENT CHINNESEARTON SHOW
The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition, “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages.” Join us as we explore more than 3,000 years of wonderful art from the Middle Kingdom. From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times.
The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass, one of the great works of Tang Yin (1470-1524). Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead. In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. This painting, showing high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill. Though it is over 500 years old, it looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created.
Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty (1600 BCE - 1046 BCE). While the artists who made these great works are not known, they showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
Finally, we have many fine examples of Tang Dynasty (618-907) sculptures. Most of these are of Buddhist origin. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century. During this same period, trade along the Silk Road also boomed. Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influenced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road. These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures, one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life.
This is just a small taste of what is in store for you in this exhibition. We guarantee that “From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works.
“From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages” will run until November 25.
Opening hours are from 9: 00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m, from Tuesday to Sunday ( the museum is closed on Mondays). No one will be admitted into the exhibition after 4:30 p.m.
Admission: $10 for adults; $8 for students; $5 for children under 12; free for children under 5.
No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum.

课文译文
中国古代艺术展
里奇菲尔德美术博物馆很荣幸地为您呈现我们的新展“从商朝到清朝：中国艺术之旅”。欢迎与我们共同探索中国3,000多年的精妙艺术。从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们旨在展示中国古代的艺术才能。
本次展览的亮点是画作《函关雪霁图》，唐寅（1470-1524）的杰作之一。唐寅生于明朝，曾谋求入仕为官，但未能如愿，因此他转而投身绘画事业。最终，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的画家之一。他运用非凡的技巧，在这幅画中展示了白雪覆盖的高山、树木和房屋。虽然该画有500多年的历史，但看起来清新且充满生机，就像刚被创作出来一样。
同样十分重要的（看点）是一组近百件商代（公元前1600-公元前1046）青铜器藏品。虽然创造这些伟大作品的艺术家不为人知，但他们在创作这些美丽的作品的过程中展现出了高超的技巧。一些展品被认为是钟爱商代青铜器的乾隆皇帝（1711-1799）的藏品。
最后，我们会展出许多鬼斧神工的唐朝（618-907）雕塑。它们大多源于佛教。佛教虽
然很早就传入中国，但直到7世纪才真正开始传播开来。与此同时，丝绸之路沿线贸易也在蓬勃发展。由此，中国雕塑深受经丝绸之路从印度和中亚传入的佛教艺术的影响。这些作品旨在传播佛教，具有非凡的美感和质感。看着这些雕塑人物的脸庞，人们仿佛看到了过去的人。历史被赋予新生。
这只是该展览供您参观的一小部分。我们保证“从商朝到清朝：中国艺术之旅”将通过其令人惊叹的藏品带您穿越时空。
“从商朝到清朝：中国艺术之旅”展览将持续到11 月25 日。
开放时间：周二至周日，上午9：00至下午5：00（博物馆周一不开放）。下午4：30以后禁止入馆。
门票：成人10美元；学生8美元；12岁以下儿童5美元；5岁以下儿童免费。
禁止拍照或携带食物和饮料入馆。

词汇短语过关斩将
1. in particular尤其;特别
2. set apart from使与众不同;使突出;使优于......
3. be fond of喜爱;喜欢
4. bring ... to life 赋予......生命;使......鲜活起来
5. be worthy of 值得

重点知识精益求精
知识点01 influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a humble person，my words are not (influence)，so I would rather keep silent.
(2)To tell the truth，what the teacher said has a permanent influence me.
【答案】1.influential2.on/upon
influence n.& vt.影响
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
under one’s influence在某人的影响下

再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)在我物理老师的影响下，我对物理越来越感兴趣。换句话说，我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响极大。因此，他是我最尊敬的人。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
Under my physics teacher’s influence，I have grown increasingly interested in physics.In other words，my physics teacher is my role model，who has a great influence on me.So he is the person I respect most.
知识点2 rank n．地位；级别；行列
vt.& vi.把……分等级；使排列成行
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)They rank him a realistic painter，who has gained a good reputation.
(2)The student representative who is delivering a speech now (rank) high at school.
【答案】1.as 2.ranks
•the first rank一流的
•rank...as...把……评为……；把……分等级
rank high/first名列前茅/第一

再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)I learnt that you ranked first in the English speech competition held last week.I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations.(应用文之祝贺信)
(高级表达)Learning that you ranked first in the English speech competition held last week，I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
知识点3 guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n．保证；保修单；担保物
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He guaranteed (convey) my apologies to him，but I was still worried.
(2)His car is less than a year old，so it is still guarantee.
【答案】1.to convey2.under
•guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth./that...保证做某事；确保……
•under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保/保证……

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)至于准备工作，事先阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语的环境中。
As for preparation，reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make you adapt to the Chinese language environment.
知识点4 worthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As far as I am concerned，the exhibition is worthy (visit)．
＝The exhibition is worthy of (visit)．
＝The exhibition is worthy of a (visit)．
【答案】1.to be visited，being visited，visit
•be worthy of值得……
be worthy to be done ＝be worthy of being done值得做某事
•be well worth doing非常值得做
•It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(2)由BBC制作的精良电影《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。
①A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worthy of being seen.(be worthy of)
②A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worthy to be seen.(be worthy to)
③A well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC，is worth seeing.(worth)
④It is worthwhile seeing/to see a well-made film，Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，produced by BBC.(worthwhile)
知识点5 in particular尤其；特别
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中particular的汉语意思
(1)I have nothing particular to purchase in the supermarket.尤其的；特别的
(2)The bride is particular about what to wear at the wedding.挑剔的
•particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的
be particular about/over对……很讲究/挑剔
•particularly adv.特别；尤其

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。
Parents and coaches particularly/in particular should act as better examples for children.
(4)只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
①We can prevent ourselves from falling ill only when we are particular about/over food.
②Only when we are particular about/over food can we prevent ourselves from falling ill.(运用倒装句)
知识点6 bring...to life赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来
lead/live a...life过……的生活
all one’s life终生；一辈子
come to life苏醒过来；变得活跃(come alive)

根据句意用life短语的正确形式填空
(1)When the girl finally ，we sighed in relief.
(2)The match in the final minutes of the second half.
(3)It was that teacher’s humor that the class .
(4)Although he is very wealthy，he still simple .
【答案】1. came to life2. came to life3.brought ，to life4.leads/lives a ，life
知识点7 while引导的从句
While his paintings still had religious themes，they showed real people in a real environment.
虽然他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们展示了真实环境中真实的人。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)My deskmate likes English while I am fond of Chinese.然而；而
(2)You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.当……时候
(3)While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give beneficial Vitamin D．虽然
本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while的其他用法：
•作从属连词还可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。
•作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
•作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。
注意：①while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。
②while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语又含有be动词时，则从句主语和be动词可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(4)正如古老谚语所说：“趁热打铁。”
As the old saying goes：“Strike while the iron is hot.”
(5)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升华句)
While we can’t predict what will happen in the future，we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
(6)参观展览的时候，我们不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且会学到很多东西。
①While we are visiting this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.
②While visiting this exhibition，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot.(状语从句的省略)
知识点8 主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
Finally，most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
最后，大多数客户想要既美丽又有趣的画。
本句中含有句型“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”。
•特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
•使用条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
注意：在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even though the problem was difficult to solve，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)我听说这个人很小气，而且很难相处。
I hear that the man is very mean and difficult to get along/on with.


【过关检测】

一、 根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。
1. You don’t need to p________________ additional software if you buy this new computer in my shop.
2. When they returned ten years later, the school had been expanded beyond r_______________.
3. I’m interested in western painting and the most i_______________ artists in each period of its development.
4. She is a famous singer now, and her success and r_______________ both result from her own great efforts.
5. They have prepared a big e_________________ of Dunhuang Art, which is said to be brilliant.
6. He is a man with an _______________(艺术的) temperament. But actually, he is a farmer.
7. What happened in the subsequent days had a ________________(长久的) influence on his characters.
8. These pleasant memories are really _________________(值得) of being preserved forever.
9. It is almost ________________(保证) that you’ll learn many things which you didn’t know ever.
10. The local government in our town wonder why interest in foreign investment is on the _____________(衰退).
二、 单句语法填空
1. China is a rapidly growing ______________(develop) country and its voice is _________________(influence).
2. He was recognized not just as one of the most ______________(influence) actors but a _____________(remark) director as well.
3. Beijing Opera is the most _____________________(represent) of all traditional Chinese dramatic art forms and the ______________(large) Chinese opera form.
4. He came to _____________(he), only ______________(find） himself surrounded by a group of little boys, full of __________________(curiosity).
5. Among the works and masterworks __________ display, the visitor will find the best pieces, most _________________(important), The Persistence of Memory.
6. In this Chinese-style building, you can see ____________(arch) and square doors and windows, ___________ show great manual skills.
7. After a long study, there _____________(emerge) an overall picture of conditions that were extremely ________________(encourage).
8. His ______________(subject) intention of writing this work is ___________(describe) the ordinary men and women in their misfortunes.
9. I woke up the next morning, ____________(think) that I would definitely _______________(criticize).
10. His _____________(determine) look conveyed his meanings that all the injured should ____________(convey) from the spot to the hospital _______________(instant).
三、词组的适当形式填空。
gain recognition as from one’s perspective of exceptional beauty bring...to life set...apart from
be worthy of in particular on the decline leave alone concentrate on in store for be faced with
1. He’s decided to get a look at the house and see whether it ___________________being purchased.
2. Australia, the world's smallest continent and largest island, is _________________________.
3. This foreigner ___________________________________ other job applicants by learning Chinese.
4. She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order ____________________ her studies.
5. To my comfort, the number of people smoking cigarettes is ____________________.
6. Horror seized her at the thought of _________________________ at home. It was so lonely.
7.Those sculptures looked very vivid as if they ___________________.
8. ________________________, learning to get along with others is more important than acquiring knowledge.
9. Finally he _____________________________ one of the greatest artists in the world.
10. John didn’t give up though ___________________ such a tough problem.
四、重点句式复习练习
1. 学好英语最重要的是记住尽可能多的单词。(as...as possible）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 不是你而是你同桌该为打破的玻璃窗负责。（强调句；blame）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 越来越多的西方设计师发现自己在很多方面都受到了中欧该国文化的影响。（find+宾语+宾补)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 据报道，这位著名科学家已经回到自己的国家。(be reported to do...）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 直到在他30多岁的时候，他才找到一份令人满意的工作。(not....until倒装句)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. 我们一到家，大雨就倾盆而下。(rain cats and dogs)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】一、1 purchase 2 recognition 3 influential 4 reputation 5 exhibition 6 artistic
7 permanent 8 worthy 9 guaranteed 10 decline
二、1 developing; influential 2 influential; remarkable 3 representative; largest
4 himself; to find; curious 5 on; importantly 6 arched; which 7 emerged; encouraging
8 subjective; to describe 9 thinking; be criticized 10 determined; be conveyed; instantly
三、1 is worthy of 2 of exceptional beauty 3 was set apart from 4 to concentrate on 5 on the decline
6 being left alone 7 were brought to life 8 From my perspective
9 gained recognition as 10 faced with
四、1 The most important to learn English well is to bear in mind as many words as possible.
2. It is not you but your classmate that is to blame for the broken window.
3. A growing number of Western designers are finding themselves influenced by Chinese culture.
4. The famous scientist is reported to have returned to his own country.
=It is reported that the famous scientist has returned to his own country.
5. He didn’t find a satisfying job until in his thirties.=Not until in his thirties did he find a satisfying job.
=It was not until in his thirties that he found a satisfying job.
6. As soon as we arrived home, it began to rain cats and dogs.
=Instantly/Immediately/The instant we arrived home, it began to rain cats and dogs.
=Hardly had we arrived home when it began to rain cats and dogs.
=No sooner had we arrived home than it began to rain cats and dogs.

【真题演练】

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2021.1浙江卷】
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index（体重指数）across 200 countries the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier      1      that most of the rise is due to gains in BMT in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool      2      gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a      3      (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25      4      (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased      5      2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain      6      (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries      7      (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed      8      (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people      9      (live) in the countryside, including      10      (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】1 and 2 that /which 3 person's 4 is considered 5 by 6 was 7 studied 8 sharply 9 living 10 lower
【2020·全国卷II】
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 5 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 6 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 9 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】1．celebration 2．carries 3．coming 4．than 5．decorated6．Certainly 7．with 8．to care 9．beautiful 10．the