【寒假自学】2023年人教版(2019)高二英语（选择性必修第二册）-第06讲 Unit1 Science and Scientists 寒假精品讲学案

这是一份【寒假自学】2023年人教版(2019)高二英语（选择性必修第二册）-第06讲 Unit1 Science and Scientists 寒假精品讲学案，文件包含寒假自学2023年人教版2019高二英语-第07讲Unit2BridgingCultures解析版选择性必修第二册docx、寒假自学2023年人教版2019高二英语-第07讲Unit2BridgingCultures原卷版选择性必修第二册docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

【学习目标】
复习Unit2重点单词、短语、句型
二．复习Unit3语法（名词性从句）
写作（利弊讨论）
课内知识回馈
（课文语篇改编版）
一
Six mnths ag, 19-year-ld Xie Lei said gdbye t her family and friends and 1 (bard) a plane fr Lndn. It was the first time that she 2 (leave) China. “I was very excited but als quite nervus. I didn’t knw 3 t expect,” Xie Lei recalled.
Xie Lei is studying fr a business 4 (qualify) at a university in China and has cme t ur university n a year-lng exchange prgramme. "I chse the exchange prgramme 5 I wanted t learn abut glbal business and imprve my English. My 6 (ambitius) is t set up a business in China after graduatin," she explained.
At first, Xie Lei had t adapt 7 life in a different cuntry. “Yu have t get used t 8 whle new life.” she said. I had t earn hw t use public transprt and hw t ask fr things I didn’t knw the English names fr. When I gt lst, I had t ask 9 (passer-by) fr help, but peple here speak fast and use wrds I’m nt familiar 10 . I ask them t repeat themselves a lt!”
Althugh sme freign students live 11 campus accmmdatin, Xie Lei chse t live with a hst family, wh can help with her 12 (adapt) t the new culture. “When I miss hme, I feel 13 (cmfrt) t have a secnd family,” Xie Lei said. “When there’s smething I dn’t knw r understand, I can ask them. They are als keen 14 (learn) abut China. Laura, the daughter f my hst family, wants t study in China in the future. We take 15 (turn) t ck each evening. They really lve my stir-fried 16 (tmat) and eggs! Laura says she always feels hungry when she smells it, s I taught her hw t ck it, t.
Anther challenge fr Xie Lei is the 17 (academy) requirements. The first time that she had t write an essay, her tutr explained that she must acknwledge 18 ther peple had said if she cited their ideas, 19 that he mainly wanted t knw what she thught! Xie Lei was 20 (cnfuse) because she thught she knew less than ther peple. Her tutr advised her 21 (read) lts f infrmatin in rder t frm a wise pinin f her wn.
Xie Lei als fund many curses 22 (include) students’ participatin in class as part f the final result. Students need t generate ideas, ffer examples, apply cncepts, and raise questins, as well as give 23 (present). At first, Xie Lei had n idea what she shuld say, but 24 surprised her was that she fund 25 (she) speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “My presentatin n traditinal Chinese art was 26 great success, which bsted my 27 (cnfident),” she said. “I’ll use these skills back hme fr presentatins. They’ll help me build a strng business in the future.”
Nw halfway thrugh her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much mre at hme in the UK. 28 seemed strange befre nw 29 (appear) quite nrmal t her. " 30 (engage) in British culture has helped,” she said. "As well as studying hard, I've been invlved in scial activities. British peple 31 (fascinate) by ur culture and eager t learn mre abut it, s I’m keen t share my culture 32 them. While I’m learning abut business, I'm als acting as a 33 (culture) messenger building a bridge between us.”
We will fllw Xie Lei’s prgress in later 34 (edit), but fr nw, we wish her all the best.
二
Six mnths ag，Xie Lei barded a plane fr Lndn t cmplete an exchange prgramme.She recalled that she 1.________(chse) the year­lng exchange prgramme with the 2.________(ambitius) t set up a business in China after graduatin.It was the first time that she 3._______(leave) her mtherland.When she came t England，she lived with a hst family,4._______ members always helped her.At first，she had t get used t living in a new cuntry and learn hw t use public transprt and hw t ask fr things she didn’t knw the English names fr.Besides，she als had t face anther challenge f the academic requirements.When writing an essay，she 5._____(tell) by the tutr t acknwledge 6._____ ther peple had said if she cited their ideas,7._____ he wanted t knw her wn pinins.She als fund students’ participatin 8._______(include) as part f the final (lucky)，after a few weeks，she culd speak up in class n traditinal Chinese art successfully.And she feels much mre at hme in the UK nw.What seemed very strange befre nw appears quite nrmal.Nw she has been invlved in scial 10._________(activity) as well as studying hard!

词汇短语过关斩将
1.qualificatin n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→ vt.&vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格→ adj. 合格的；有资格的
2．invlve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→ adj. 参与的；投入的→ n．参与
3．ambitin n. 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ adj. 有野心的；有雄心的
4．expse vt. 使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)→ n. 接触；体验；暴露；揭露
5．mtivated adj. 积极的；主动的→ n. 动力；积极性；动机→ vt. 成为……的动机；激发；激励
6．reasnable adj. 有道理的；合情理的→ n. 理由；道理
7．expectatin n. 期望；预期；期待→ v. 期盼；盼望→ adj. 出乎意料的
8．engage vi. 参加；参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣)→ adj. 使用中的；忙于的
9．applicant n. 申请人→ n. 申请表；申请；应用；应用程序→ v. 申请；应用
10．cmfrt n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt. 安慰；抚慰→(反) n. 不适→cmfrtable adj. 舒适的→(反) adj. 不适的
11．participatin n. 参加；参与→ vi. 参加；参与→ n. 参加者；参与者
12．expense n. 费用；花费；开销→ vt. 花费；消耗→ adj. 昂贵的
13.cperate vi. 合作；协作；配合→ n. 合作；协作
14．lgical adj. 合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→ adv. 合乎逻辑地；逻辑上→ n. 逻辑学
15．dramatic adj. 巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧(般)的→ adj. 戏剧的；剧烈的→ n. 戏剧
16．behave vt. 表现 vi.&vt. 表现得体；有礼貌→ n. 行为；举止
17．strengthen vi.&vt. 加强；增强；巩固→ n. 力量；优势→ adj. 强壮的
18．ptimistic adj. 乐观的→ n. 乐观主义→ adj. 悲观的
19．cmpetence n. 能力；胜任；本领→ adj. 有能力的；称职的
20．surrundings n. (pl.)环境；周围的事物→ adj. 周围的；附近的→ v. 围绕；环绕
21．depressed adj. 沮丧的；意志消沉的→ vt. 使沮丧；使忧愁→ n. 沮丧；忧愁；不景气→ adj. 令人沮丧的
22．presentatin n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出→ vt. 呈现；提出；颁发；赠送
23．advisr n. (als­ser) 顾问→ v. 建议→ n. 建议
24．firm n. 公司；商行；事务所 adj. 结实的；牢固的；坚定的→ adv. 牢固地；坚定地
25．hmesickness n. 思乡病；乡愁→ adj. 想家的
26．editin n. (报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次→ vt. 编辑；剪辑
→ n. 编辑；主编
27．sincerely adv. 真诚地；诚实地→ adj. 真诚的
28．adaptatin n. 适应；改编本→ v. 改编；(使)适应→ adj. 能适应的
二．重点短语
1． 参加；参与
2． 大声点说；明确表态
3． 舒服自在；不拘束
4． (使)从事；参与
5． 参与；卷入；与……有关联
6． 舒适区；舒适范围
7． (使)花一大笔钱
8． ；站在……的一边
9． 据我所知
10． 就我而言；依我看来
11． 总的来说；总之
12． 一般来说

基础句法精益求精
1． she China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
2．I had t learn .
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通，如何要到我不知道英文名称的东西。
3．Sme may struggle and suffer frm culture shck .
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
4．T sum up， studying abrad has its disadvantages...
总之，不可否认，出国留学有其弊端……
5． als helps yu t gain a glbal perspective and imprve yur general cmpetence.出国留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提高你的综合能力。
基础语法披荆斩棘
名词性从句
[观察例句]
1．What seemed strange befre nw appears quite nrmal t Xie Lei.
2．It's imprtant that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her scial life.
3．That is why tday ver 40% f Califrnians speak Spanish as a first r secnd language.
4．Her tutr explained that she was suppsed t read lts f infrmatin t help frm a wise pinin f her wn.
5．He made it quite clear that he preferred t study English.
6．The fact that she seemed t develp nrmally was very encuraging.
[归纳用法]
1．以上所有例句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于名词作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。
2．例句1为what引导的主语从句。例句2中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面that引导的主语从句。
3．例句3为why引导的表语从句。
4．例句4为that引导的宾语从句。例句5中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面that引导的宾语从句。
5．例句6为that引导的同位语从句。
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词有三个连词、五个连接代词、四个连接副词。
二、主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。
What is nt t ur satisfactin is that the price f the meal is a little t high.
我们不满意的是饭菜的价格稍微有点高。
Hw the bk will sell depends n its authr.
这本书如何销售取决于作者本人。
Where we shall have the meeting makes n difference.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
1．that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。
That yu will win the medal seems unlikely.
你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。
2．whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。
Whether the sprts meeting will be held is nt certain nw.
运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。
Whether the wrk can be cmpleted n time is dubtful.
＝It is dubtful whether/if the wrk can be cmpleted n time.
这项工作能否按时完成还不确定。
3．若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。
It is annunced that ur schl is ging t start an activity f “Crazy English” befre daily mrning exercises.
学校通知每日早操前将开展“疯狂英语”活动。
It is necessary that peple shuld learn t face the reality.
人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
① is certain that she will d well in her exam.
② we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.
③It is reprted a new film will be put n in the cinema.
三、宾语从句
在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。
Everyne knws that the earth is made up f matter.
每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
I dubt whether he will be elected as chairman.
我怀疑他是否会当选为主席。
These tw areas are similar in that they bth have high rainfall in summer.
这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。
I'm nt certain whether the train will arrive n time.
我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。
1．that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。
She said (that) she wuld cme here and that I shuld wait fr her till Mnday.
她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。
2．if和whether引导宾语从句的区别：
①在动词不定式之前只能用 whether。
②在 nt 的固定搭配中，只用 whether。
③在介词后，只能用whether。
④作 discuss 的宾语时，只能用 whether。
⑤宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用 whether。
3．带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。
4．表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。例如：hate，dislike，lve，dn't mind，feel like，appreciate，rely n，cunt n，see t等。
We think it pssible that yu can finish the wrk tday.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。
5．宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppse，imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I dn't think we need t waste much time n it.
我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。(形式上否定)
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①I hate it when they talk with their muths full f fd.
②Once we were left t decide whether t have a picnic in a park r g t a museum.
③I want t be liked and lved fr what I am inside.
四、表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，lk，remain，seem等。
The questin is whether we can finish the wrk in time.
问题在于我们是否能及时完成这项工作。
1．that在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。
The fact remains that we are still nt advanced enugh.
事实依然是我们还是不够先进。
2．whether可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
His first questin was whether Tm had arrived yet.
他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。
3．引导表语从句的引导词还可用because，as if，as thugh，as。
The sky is vercast with dark cluds.It seems as if it is ging t rain sn.
天空乌云密布，似乎很快就要下雨了。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①The prblem is we can get t replace her.
②I'm afraid he's mre f a talker than a der，which is he never finishes anything.
③The system wrks well in the lab，but the questin is it will wrk in reality.
五、同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。常见的这类名词有：fact，news，hpe，truth，idea，suggestin，thught，questin，prmise，rder，prblem，belief，wrd，message，infrmatin，prf，annuncement，desire，dubt，prpsal，advice，pssibility等。
The news that he was admitted t Peking University is exciting.
他被北京大学录取了的消息真是令人激动。
The questin wh shuld d the wrk requires cnsideratin.
谁应当做这份工作，这个问题需要考虑。
I have n idea that yu have applied fr the pst.
我不知道你已经申请了这个职位。
[名师点津] 同位语从句和定语从句的区别
Jim gt t knw the news that the whle village was in great danger.
吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。(that引导同位语从句，解释说明the news的内容)
D yu knw the news(that/which)Jim tld me?
你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？(that/which引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语)
[即学即练4] 将下列句子合并为同位语从句
①Will the sprts meeting be held n time？The questin will be discussed tmrrw.
.
②The headmaster will jin us in hiking this Sunday.We are glad at the news.
.
③A new teacher will teach us English next term.The message reached me yesterday.
.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is n dubt he will succeed in time.
2．We can't slve the prblem we can travel faster than light.
3．Pick yurself up.Curage is ding yu're afraid t d.
4．Upn graduatin he asked t be sent t he was mst needed.
5．It is reprted the gvernment is ging t clse the factry.
6． surprises me mst is that he is t vain.
7． Mike didn't turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman f the meeting unhappy.
8．Yu may depend n it I shall always help yu.
9．The prblem is we can get in tuch with her.
10．The message respnsibility it was is knwn t all.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我已经读了这个通知，我们学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。
I have read the ntice ．
2．谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
is still unknwn.
3．你通过考试了，真棒。
It's splendid ．
4．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She always thinks f ．
5．司令员命令部队马上出发。
The cmmander rdered ．
6．我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I think it necessary ．
7．他能否准时参加派对得看交通情况。
depends n the traffic.
8．原材料是我们所急需的。
Raw material is ．
9．我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
The news is exciting.
10．我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
I'm nt sure ．
基础写作扬帆起航
某英文报就近年来我国学生出国留学低龄化的利弊在报上展开讨论，希望广大读者畅所欲言，就此事发表自己的看法。假设你是中学生李华，请用英语给编辑写一封信，谈谈你的看法，并说明理由。80词左右。
注意：信的开头和结尾已给出，词数不计算在内。
Dear editr，
I'm writing t tell yu my pinin n Chinese students ging abrad fr further studies at an early age.




Yurs，
Li Hua
【过关检测】
单词拼写。
The designing f the prject cmbines fun with__________(复杂的)cncepts.
The man___________(回忆)the time when he was suspected f stealing the dictinary by his classmate.
The cars had t be_____________(召回)due t an engine fault.
The basic curse des nt __________________(使具备资格) yu t practise as a mechanic.
Thugh he was clumsy, he was _____________(有雄心的) and wanted t cntribute t Chinese aerspace.
Thanks t the hst family, she made a quick ________________(适应) t the new envirnment.
An utstanding leader was never seeking fr________________(安慰)and talking abut himself and his prblems.
He ________________(引述) what the dctr said as the prf fr his severe breakdwn.
Since yu are in charge f the cmpany, yu shuld ________________(参加)in the activity.
I always ask hw much time have t make yur____________(报告)f intrducing the theretical framewrk.
We need sme prf t prve the suspect cntinue t _________________(参与)in criminal activities.
There is substantial evidence indicating that music activities _____________(涉及)different parts f the brain.
Push yurself t g beynd yur cmfrt_____________(区域) and transfrm because that’s where life truly des begin.
The _______________(压倒性的) majrity f thse peple present subscribe t the plan.
T ensure the steady develpment f the prject, I chse highly ____________(积极的)peple t wrk with.
It’s_____________(有道理的)that strng leadership is needed t captain the team.
Sweet smile n her face is a prf that life was full f interest___________(期望)and ccupatins.
T ensure the prject ges smthly, they have t find a qualified______________(申请人).
Besides the city business, the ______________(公司)expanded int the suburbs and pened branch shps.
Jhn Snw risked________________(暴露)t the chlera in rder t find a slutin t it.
He was a man f frceful character, with cnsiderable ______________(洞察力)and gifted cmmunicatin skills.
Their family didn’t make enugh preparatins fr____________(离开)until the war brke ut.
Althugh she cited what the prfessr said, we still culdn’t _____________(理解)what she meant.
The garden lcated n the bank f the lake was transfrmed at great ______________(费用).
Slid evidence shws that there’s___________(极大的)tensin between the lcal residents and the refugees(难民).
We wnder why the ambitius leader ______________(表现) strangely recently.
They are emtinally ______________(成熟的)and shuld behave respnsibly.
There is n denying that Califrnia______________(迅速发展)when gld was discvered there.
We shuld never _____________(获得)the ecnmic prfits at the expense f the envirnment.
The business ____________(预算)des expse the lies the manager tld a year ag.
It’s hard t predict the _____________(结果)which the spread f the severe infectin will lead t.
If yu think yu’re ging t lse frm the start, then defeat is the _____________(合乎逻辑的) utcme.
二．短语填空。
give a presentatin, in cmfrt, speak up, be engaged in, be keen t d, in summary, behave neself, be ptimistic abut, as far as I am cncerned, cperate with, side with, generally speaking, cst an arm and a leg
Encurage yur assistants t ____________________and t bring up any issues that are cncerned with their ability t carry ut their tasks.
Emplyees will take pride and _____________________their wrk if they understand hw their effrts bst their incmes and develp their businesses.
She has acquired prfessinal qualificatins, s she _____________________this jb.
T share ur achievements, we wrk tgether and make vivid pster and speeches t____________.
The decratin f the htels makes travelers stay________________and feel at hme.
This article gave an abstract descriptin f the main technlgies n netwrk security_________________.
____________________yur cmpany and having a wise thinking will have a psitive impact n its future.
The child’s parents are t blame fr his nt________________________.
________________, nt living in a flat but living in a cttage is a cmfrt.
The tw sides will____________each ther in prmting discussins n mechanical industry.
_________________, if yu want t study theatre, yu need mre qualificatins.
I treated my tutr in a very gd restaurant and it___________________.
I respect the truth, and abve all, I’ll_________________whever is right.
三．单句语法填空。
T the delight f the headmaster, the yung assistant and all the ______________(qualify) she hped fr.
When I was yung, my________________(ambitius) was t be ne f the persns wh transfrmed this wrld.
This new film is said t be an initial____________(adapt) frm a nvel by Jane Austen.
She shifted int a mre_______________(cmfrt) psitin n the chair.
This thinking will cntribute t prmting the full and equal _______________(participate)f all wmen in sciety.
The astrnmer gave a slide and vide_______________(present)f the spacecraft.
The gifted speaker successfully engaged the audience________________the cnversatin.
The by didn’t feel ___________hme in such a splendid huse, which made him frustrated.
The infectin spread at an________________(verwhelm) speed in sme places f the city.
In my pinin, Mr Wu is a ______________(mtivate) and ambitius yung man with cncrete gals.
Accrding t the statistic, it seems_______________(seasn) t expect rapid urban grwth.
It was really a cmfrt that Stephen lived up t the______________(expect) f the cmpany.
The graduate wh is qualified as a dctr is the best____________(apply) fr the jb.
______________(expse) t harmful radiatin t lng caused him t cme dwn with a serius disease.
N ne knws why the astrnmer suffers____________depressin in such a shrt perid.
We stick __________the cncept f “Harmny Makes Develpment, Cperatin and Cmmn Benefits”.
This is the wrst accident that I _____________(knw)which gt invlved in the students.
The reasn__________I wuldn’t enjy his cmpany was____________he always fund fault with thers.
四．单句语法填空。
The muntain casts shadw in the lake, which is the perfect ________(set) fr taking phts.
The inventin f micrscpe had a ____________(drama) effect n the develpment f bilgy.
What if relatins between yu and yur assistant have becme wrse, and his ______________(behave) is still unacceptable?
Despite the dramatic change, she adapted effrtlessly t her new _____________(surrund).
When yu find yurself feel very ________________(depress), yu’d better cnsult the dctr if yu cme dwn with depressin.
The ld steel cncrete bridge needs_______________(strength) befre the rainy seasn.
The selectin prcess f the qualificatin is based n strict tests f ____________(cmpetent) and experience.
It’s bvius that he denied_______________(cpy) the design f thers and defended himself.
We launched an initiative n strengthening internatinal _______________(cperate) n frbidding hunting animals.
In______________(sum), we have t many challenges t face and sme prblems t handle.
I _____________(sincere) hpe we shall meet in the capital and cperate again.
My prfessinal training has taught me t lk at cntradictry statements ________(lgical).
五．名词性从句。
Every year, __________makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
She asked me __________I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
___________fashin differs frm cuntry t cuntry may reflect the cultural differences frm ne aspect.
Tm seems nt t have grasped__________the teacher has taught, ________greatly made his teacher feel frustrated.
The reasn that the astrnmer gave fr his cming late was ______his car brke dwn halfway.
N ne is sure__________the cmplex prblem can be slved.
Our health is ____________we make f it-----give it attentin and it imprves; besides, give it nne and it weakens.
What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than___________they g.
By bat is the nly way t get here, which is__________we arrived.
Yur substantial supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. _________yu can d helps.
The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is __________ne can be entirely free frm dust.
It’s reasnable that a ship in harbr is safe, but that’s nt_______ships are built fr.
Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing _________she was heading.
The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true______Prfessr Jseph had said.
________we understand things is linked with what we feel.
We must find ut ________Karl is cming t ur firm, s we can bk a rm fr him.
The findings reveal that what’s tuching abut being a vlunteer is seeing________helping brings ut the best in peple.
This is_________my father has taught me----t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
________Li Bai, a great Chinese pet, was brn is knwn t the public, but sme wn’t subscribe t it.
Mary’s presentatin n__________the team had failed t win the game is clear and lgical.
【真题演练】
(2022年全国乙卷)B
In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N. Y. — Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd — traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse. The girls had gne t Smith Cllege. They wre expensive clthes. S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl. t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.
They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning. Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld. In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickenden’s bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girls’ decisin t g t Elkhead. A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms. The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy’s return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller. The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing. Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them. Then a full mn rse. The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
24. Why did Drthy and Rsamnd g t the Rcky Muntains?
A. T teach in a schl.B. T study American histry.
C T write a bk.D. T d sightseeing.
25. What can we learn abut the girls frm paragraph 3?
A. They enjyed much respect.B. They had a rm with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the lcal kids.D. They suffered severe hardships.
26. Which part f Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate f Auburn.B. The living cnditins in Elkhead.
C. The railrad building in the Rckies.D. The natural beauty f the West.
27. What is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A bk review.C. A children’s stry.D. A diary entry.
(2022年全国乙卷)D
The Gvernment’s sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity (肥胖). It is believed that tday’s children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers’ effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday’s figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
32. Why was the sugar tax intrduced?
A. T cllect mney fr schls.B. T imprve the quality f drinks.
C. T prtect children’s health.D. T encurage research in educatin.
33. Hw did sme drinks cmpanies respnd t the sugar tax?
A. They turned t verseas markets.B. They raised the prices f their prducts.
C. They cut dwn n their prductin.D. They reduced their prducts’ sugar cntent.
34. Frm which f the fllwing is the sugar tax cllected?
A. Mst alchlic drinks.B. Milk-based drinks.C. Fruit juices.D. Classic Cke.
35. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin.B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers.D. It upsets custmers.
(2021年新高考全国1卷)D
Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intelligence. Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.” Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
We prefer t describe emtinal intelligence as a specific set f skills that can be used fr either gd r bad purpses. The ability t accurately understand hw thers are feeling may be used by a dctr t find hw best t help her patients, while a cheater might use it t cntrl ptential victims. Being emtinally intelligent des nt necessarily make ne a mral persn.
Althugh ppular beliefs regarding emtinal intelligence run far ahead f what research can reasnably supprt, the verall effects f the publicity have been mre beneficial than harmful. The mst psitive aspect f this ppularizatin is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) n emtin by emplyers, educatrs and thers interested in prmting scial well-being. The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin. It is ur hpe that in cming decades, advances in science will ffer new perspectives (视角) frm which t study hw peple manage their lives. Emtinal intelligence, with its fcus n bth head and heart, may serve t pint us in the right directin.
32. What is a cmmn misunderstanding f emtinal intelligence?
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.B. It helps t exercise a persn’s mind.
C. It includes a set f emtinal skills.D. It refers t a persn’s psitive qualities.
33. Why des the authr mentin “dctr” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A. T explain a rule.B. T clarify a cncept.
C. T present a fact.D. T make a predictin.
34. What is the authr’s attitude t the ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.
C Dubtful.D. Unclear.
35. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning emtinal intelligence?
A. Its appeal t the public.B. Expectatins fr future studies.
C. Its practical applicatin.D. Scientists with new perspectives.连接词
词形
词义
在从句中所作的成分
连词
that
×
×
if/whether
是否
×
连接代词
wh(ever)
(无论)谁(主格)
主语、表语、宾语
whm(ever)
(无论)谁(宾格)
表语、宾语
whse(ever)
(无论)谁的(所有格)
定语
what(ever)
(无论)什么
主语、宾语、表语、定语
which(ever)
(无论)哪个
主语、宾语、定语
连接副词
when(ever)
(无论)什么时候
状语
where(ever)
(无论)在哪里
状语
hw(ever)
(无论)怎样，怎么
状语
why
为什么
状语
同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/
hw/what
起连接作用，其中whether不作成分，而hw和what作成分
不引导定语从句
其他wh­类词
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分