【寒假自学】2023年人教版英语七年级-第01讲《冠词》寒假精品讲学案

这是一份【寒假自学】2023年人教版英语七年级-第01讲《冠词》寒假精品讲学案，文件包含第01讲冠词解析版docx、第01讲冠词原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
知识导航
冠
词
考
点
考点
方向
1.不定冠词
2.定冠词
3.零冠词
考点
内容
不定冠词、定冠词用法，
不用冠词的情况。
命题
聚焦
1.考查重点：
不定冠词、定冠词的选用
及不加冠词的情况
2.常考题型：
选择题、完形填空
知识复习
【定义】
冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。
【考点01】不定冠词a，an
不定冠词包括a/an，意思相当于ne, 很多情况下可以译成“一”、“每”，
但是不像ne一样强调数量，有时可以不译出。
【用法详情】
【例子】（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）
—Have yu ever watched ________ mvie Mulan?
—Yes. It’s ________ interesting ne. I want t watch it again.
A．the; anB．a; anC．the; a
【拓展】特例
1.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但使用不定冠词an，
如：hur和hnest以辅音字母h开头，但h并不发音，因此用an。
2.有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用不定冠词a，
如：useful和university以元音字母u开头，但u发/ｊｕ/音，故使用a。
3.表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词，
如：a knife and frk一套刀叉 a table and chair 一套桌椅
4.不可数名词前一般不用冠词，但如果具体化，表示一个具体的情况、动作或某一类事物时，可以用不定冠词a或an，
如：Have a smke? 抽支烟吧？ N, thanks.不了，谢谢。
【例子】There is ________ “I” and ________ “u” in the wrd “beautiful”.
【考点02】定冠词the
定冠词the主要对后面的名词起限定作用，“特指”是它的主要功能。
【用法详情】
【例子】 （2022·山东青岛·中考真题）
—Wh is __________ wman in the pht?
—Tu Yuyu, a great scientist.
A．aB．theC．/D．an
【注】短语中有无冠词the，意义会大不相同
g t schl去上学； g t the schl到(所指)的学校去
at table用餐，在吃饭； at the table在桌边
in hspital生病住院； in the hspital 在医院里(并非生病住院)
in frnt f在……前面(范围之外)； in the frnt f 在……前部(范围之内)
by sea(=by ship)乘船，走水路； by the sea 在海边
in class在上课； in the class在班上
in place f替代； in the place f 在……地方
【考点03】 零冠词
【用法详情】
【例子】（2022·天津·中考真题）
After ________ schl, I bught ________ present fr my mther.
A．/; aB．a; /C．a; theD．the; /
过关检测
1．（2022·吉林长春·七年级期末）Mr. Green is ________ English teacher. He teaches us ________ useful subject.
A．an; aB．a; anC．an; theD．an; an
2．（2022·河北·石家庄市七年级期中）I have _____ basketball. Let’s play ______ basketball.
A．a; /B．a; aC．/; theD．/; the
3．（2022·重庆·西南大学附中七年级期中）Mike has ________ 8-year-ld sn.
A．/B．aC．anD．the
4．（2022·天津北辰·七年级期中）I have gt (有) ________ uncle. He is ________ actr.
A．a; aB．a; anC．an; aD．an; an
5．（2022·浙江杭州·七年级期中）—What’s that _________ English?
—It’s ________ apple.
A．in, aB．at, aC．in, anD．at, an
6．（2022·江苏南京·七年级期中）—What wuld yu like fr lunch tday?
—I’d like ________ hamburger. Can yu buy ne fr me?
A．/B．aC．anD．the
7．（2022·河北保定·七年级期中）—What’s ________ matter with yu?
—I have ________ headache.
A．a; theB．the; /C．/; aD．the; a
8．（2022·河南郑州·七年级期中）—Is that ________ ruler?
—N. It’s ________ eraser.
A．a; aB．an; anC．a; anD．an; a
9．（2022·河北唐山·七年级期末）I have eggs and milk fr________ breakfast, then I play ________ sccer.
A．/；theB．the；theC．/；/D．the；/
10．（2022·吉林白山·七年级期末）I have ________ sccer ball. Let’s play ________ sccer.
A．a; theB．/; aC．a; /
11．（2022·云南昆明·七年级期末）This is ________ range. Its clr is ________ range.
A．/; anB．an; anC．/; /D．an; /
12．（2022·广东广州·七年级期末）After schl, I play _________ guitar fr half _________ hur every afternn.
A．the, anB．/, anC．the, /D．a, /
13．（2022·重庆·七年级期末） ________ cmputer/Cmputer is in the schl library. Is it yurs?
A．AB．AnC．TheD．X
14．（2022·湖北·武汉外国语学校七年级期末）I have gt _______ MP3 player, but I haven’t gt ________ MP3 player with me nw.
A．a; theB．an; theC．/; theD．an; /
15．（2022·河南·郑州外国语中学七年级期末）The Battle at Lake Changjin, ________ film abut the histry f the fierce battle in 1950 was ne f ________ mst ppular films in 2021.
A．a; aB．the; aC．the; theD．a; the
16．（2022·山东济南·七年级期末）We will have ________ art festival next mnth.
A．aB．anC．/D．the
17．（2022·北京顺义·七年级期末）I like eating ________ apple every day.
A．theB．aC．an
18．（2022·天津·七年级期末）David’s mther is ________ English teacher at a schl.
A．aB．anC．theD．/
19．（2022·重庆八中七年级期末）Yu can see ________ “f” and ________ “u” in the wrd “fruit”.
A．an; anB．a; aC．an; aD．a; an
20．（2022·重庆南开中学七年级期末）—Peter, I have ________ baseball. Let’s play ________ baseball nw.
—That sunds gd.
A．a; theB．a; /C．the; /D．the; a
21．（2022·江苏南京·七年级期末）It’s ________ ld custm t eat sweet dumplings fr ________ breakfast at the Lantern Festival.
A．a; /B．/; aC．an, theD．an; /
22．（2022·云南昆明·七年级期末）Cme and jin ur club. Yu can learn t play ________ guitar here.
A．aB．anC．theD．/
23．（2022·山东济南·七年级期末）—Can Tim play ________ chess?
—Yes. And he can play ________ drums, t.
A．the; theB．the; \C．\; theD．\; \
24．（2022·全国·七年级期末）This is ________ English girl. ________ girl’s mther is in ________ red cat tday.
A．a; The; anB．an; An; theC．an; The; aD．/; A; an
25．（2022·全国·七年级期末）Is this ________ pht ________ Jane’s family?
A．an, fB．an, inC．a, fD．a, t
26．（2022·全国·七年级期末）This is ________ map and that is ________ range.
A．an; aB．a; anC．an; anD．a; a
27．（2022·湖北襄阳·七年级期末）—Alice, can yu play ________ chess?
—Yes, I can. I can play ________ guitar, t.
A．the, theB．the, /C．/, theD．/, /
28．（2022·广西百色·七年级期末）I have _______ basketball. D yu want t play _______ basketball after class?
A．a; anB．an; aC．the; aD．a; /
29．（2022·湖北恩施·七年级期末）—Jim, is that yur aunt?
—N, she is in ________ range cat with ________ big apple.
A．a; aB．an; anC．an; a
30．（2022·黑龙江·七年级期末）She usually has ________ egg and sme prridge fr ________ breakfast.
A．an; theB．an; /C．a; /
中考直达
1．（2022·四川·中考真题）I have ________ egg and a cup f milk fr breakfast every day.
A．不填B．theC．aD．an
2．（2022·青海·中考真题）Gu Ailing is ________ excellent sprts star. She achieved her dream in the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A．aB．anC．/ D. the
3．（2022·上海·中考真题）The yung man ften gives ________ helping hand t the ld in his neighburhd.
A．aB．anC．theD．/
4．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—Beijing is ________ nly city t hld the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics.
—Yes, s it’s called ________ city f “Duble Olympics.”
A．an; aB．an; theC．the; the
5．（2022·四川成都·中考真题）_______ medical bk Tian Hui Yi Jian by Bian Que and Cang Gng has cme ut in Chengdu.
A．TheB．AnC．A
6．（2022·海南·中考真题）I gt a dg yesterday as a birthday gift. ________ dg is very cute and I like it.
A．TheB．/C．A
7．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—In Huangshi, fishermen are nt allwed t fish in ________ Ci Lake.
—Yes, we all want t create ________ mre beautiful wrld.
A．a; aB．the; theC．the; aD．a; the
8．（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）—What’s the mst imprtant traditin in a Chinese family?
—We must care fr ________ ld.
A．anB．theC．/
9．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Hw are yu ging t be ________ writer?
—I’m ging t keep n writing ________ stries.
A．a; /B．/; theC．a; the
10．（2022·新疆·中考真题）—Are yu free n weekends?
—Yes, I am ging t have ________ picnic n ________ Sunday.
A．the; anB．a; theC．a; /D．an; /用法
例子
1.a用在辅音音素前，an用在元音音素前
This is a useful bk. He is an hnest by.
2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数的单数名词前，表示“一个”，相当于ne
Here is a map f the United States.
I have a stry bk.
3.用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”等
An apple a day keeps the dctr away.
We take cmputer lessns nce a week.
4.抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词连用，表示“一种、一场”等
It’s a pleasure t have a chat with yu.
5.用在单数名词前，表示一类人或物中的任何一个
The sun is a star.
A knife is used fr cutting.
6.用在序数词前，表示“又一、再一”等
He cpied the article a third time.
7.用于固定短语中
have a lk, a lt f, have a gd time, a little, a few
用法
例子
1.用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。
Tm, cme t the blackbard, please.
2.用于再次被提到的名词前。
There is a bk n the desk. The bk is Tm’s.
3.和一些名词连用，表示类别。
The light bulb was invented by Edisn.
4.用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。
Hand me the new bk, please.
5.用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。
Tm is the tallest in ur class.
6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。
the sun, the mn, play the pian
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。
The Turners are at breakfast table.
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
The yung shuld help the ld.
9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall, the United States
10.用于一些固定短语中。
by the way, in the end
用法
例子
1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。
Paper is made f wd.
2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。
G alng this rad.
Every student likes English in ur class.
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My parents are teachers.
4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
Tday is Children’s Day.
It’s ht in summer.
5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。
He went t schl withut breakfast.
Let’s play ftball after schl.
6.在某些固定短语中。
in bed, in hspital, n ft, at schl