2023年广东省中考短文填空专题冲刺讲义（含答案）

这是一份2023年广东省中考短文填空专题冲刺讲义（含答案），共9页。
短文填空（本大题有10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Jane is a warm-hearted girl. She is nly ten years ld. 66 she has big ideas f helping ther kids.Jane tk part in a winter camp 67 the age f eight. During her stay in the camp, she went t visit sme kids in pr areas. She felt sad that the kids there didn’t have new clthes t 68 and tys t play with. After she returned hme, she kept thinking abut 69 t d t help thse kids.
One mrning Jane saw sme elder kids selling lemn juice by the street. They wanted t raise 70 t help their friends. Then she came up with an 71 .
With the help f her mther,Jane 72 up her first lemnade stand(摊档). In a week, it made $52. Althugh it was nly a 73 mney, she helped 12kids with it!She felt very excited when she saws miles n 74 faces.
After that, her mther helped her start a prgram called Jane’s Lemnade fr Lve. Up till nw, she has already raised 75 than$17,000!She is ging t spend the mney n clthes, tys and bks fr the pr kids.
答案：66.but 67.at 68.wear 69.what 72. set 73.little 74.their 75.mre
【解题技巧】
短文填空解题步骤：
(1)跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。
(2)复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
(3)通读短文，检查答案。
短文填空解题技巧
(1)利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义。确定词意的方法有关注连词法和联系上下文法。
A. 关注连词法。在短文中有许多连词，它们都是不容忽视的，特别是看到表示转折的连词。
e.g :
1)Bb tried t say smething, but the dctr tld him nt t say_______ .
2)Thugh he is pr, he is very_______ . He ften helps his neighbrs.
3)I wrked late last night, s I g t bed _______ taking a shwer.
anything, kind, withut
B. 联系上下文法。有些题目需要多方面推敲分析，并从上下文中招到重要信息提示，前后对照、 上下推理才能得出答案。
e.g:1)There is a_______ fr each Chinese year. We may call it the year f the hrse, the year f the mnkey r_______ year f the pig.
2) D yu knw _______ t d that? I wuld like t give yu sme suggestins.
3)Peple _______ swimming in summer because water makes them feel cl. If yu like swimming but swim in a wrng place, it may be dangerus.
name, the, like
(1)分析句子成分，锁定词性，确定词意。
构成句子的基本成分有主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语。在短文填空经常考到名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和连词等等。
A. 句子缺主语或宾语，一般用名词、代词或者动名词
名词注意单复数，代词注意主宾格，动名词注意动词放句首做主语时要用ing。
e.g:1) The tree gives him its apples s that the by can sell them fr mney in a .
2) I like t make ________ with thers wh cme frm different cuntries.
3) Mary is an American girl, and _______ has a yellw hair.
4) _______ stamps is my hbby.
1)market/shp; 2)friends; 3)She; 4)Cllecting
B. 句子缺谓语，一般用动词
动词要注意时态的变化。
e.g:1) Last year I _______ t Australia t study and travel.
2)When yu laugh ,yu will_______ yur muth and yur teeth.
1) went; 2) pen
C. 句子缺定语，一般用形容词；句子缺表语，一般用形容词或者名词,如果横线前有冠词或者形容词性物主代词，横线后面有名词，那么一般填形容词，也就是定语。
e.g:1)I had a ______ time yesterday.
2)He is a ______man and everyne want t be friends with him.
3) It is an ______ bk and many children lve reading it.
4) In my ______time, I wuld like t play ftball.
5) His _______brther is nly five years ld, and he can’t g t schl himself.
gd, kind, interesting, free, yunger
系动词后面缺表语，一般填名词或者形容词。
e.g:1)When the by is ______,he always plays with his gd friends.
2)If yu are _______, yu’d better have sme bread.
3)The cake tastes _______, hw I want t try!
free, hungry, delicius
D. 句子缺状语，一般用副词
如果动词不缺宾语，那么动词后面的横线可考虑副词。
e.g:1)He runs _______enugh t catch up with the bus.
2)I had breakfast _______ and hurry t schl.
3)Think abut it_______ and yu will find it easy t answer.
fast, quickly, carefully
E. 句子结构完整，空格放在名词前，注意常用介词at/in/n/abut/fr/with/t/f 以及固定搭配。
e.g: 1)The Giving Tree is a stry a by and a tree wh are gd friends.
2)She listens t Austrian music the radi.
3)I asked him sme advice t imprve my riding skills.
4)A lt f pllutin cmes_________ indr activities such as smking and cking.
5)Befre New Year’s Day, peple are ften busy shpping and cleaning their huses. ______New Year’s
Eve, there is a big family dinner.
abut; n; fr; frm; n
F. 注意词形的变换
a.名词：单复数形式，所有格的用法
e.g: 1)September 10th is______ Day.
2)In autumn after a strng wind, the grund is ften cvered with fallen ______.
3)I used t like playing chess very much. My mum taught me hw t play it when I was
seven_______ ld.
Teachers’ , leaves, years,
b.形容词、副词：比较等级的用法
e.g: 1)Summer is the ______seasn f the year.
2)Smene says, “Time is mney”. But I think that time is even________ imprtant than mney.
httest, mre
(3)注重固定搭配
经常有些固定搭配的词组，对于这些词组一定要有警觉性，横线后面通常会有介词，如：
first f all, all ver the wrld, as well as, have breakfast, wrry abut, shake hands, each ther, nce r twice, take phts, be ready t d, n sale, take a walk, in the future, nt nly als ..., find ut, be brn, write dwn, fall ff, get ff , pay attentin, side by side, frm time t time, frm then n, get up, lift up, pick up, be gd fr, wait fr, g hme, g t sleep, g t schl, cme frm, hear frm, far frm, lk at, lk frward t, lk up, lk after, lk fr, ask fr, be famus fr, get ready fr, fr example, fr the first time, pint at, at the mment, at weekends, at last, at the age f, at the bttm f, put away, sweep away, take away, get n well with,
be careful with, agree with , wait a minute, nce upn a time, make a mistake, make sure, cheer…n, hand n, cme n, frm nw n, in the end, in danger, in peace, in rder t, in time, arm in arm, in fact, in a hurry, in pieces, think abut, think f, keep clear f , plenty f, many kinds f, in frnt f等等。
Eg: 1) Frm his answer we knew that he culdn’t find his mther. We tld him nt t _______ abut it and then we tried t get t tuch with his mther with the phne number he gave us.
2)______ then n, every year n this day, peple enjy eating Zngzi which is made f rice with meat, eggs and s n.
wrry, Frm
(4)注意词语复现
一篇短文里面经常会考到一个词语复现，词语复现是指某一个词以原词或者同义词等方式在同一片语篇中重复出现，语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相关衔接的目的。
e.g: Jessie felt her life s bring ne summer day. She was tired f watching TV, she read all her bks.
She wanted smething different t d. Suddenly, she saw the lawn mwer(割草机) sitting in the yard.

The neighbr next dr came by and asked Jessie if she wanted t mw his lawn and make sme mney.
“Sure!” said Jessie. Jessie began mwing his lawn. Tw ther neighbrs asked s, then anther three. Jessie was nw mwing lawns fr them all and making sme mney. She was n lnger ___70___! “I wn’t have time t spend my mney,” she laughed t herself.
答案 此题要注意词语复现，短文前面说到“Jessie felt her life s ”，根据故事情节的发展，Jessie 学会了怎么使用割草机，因此她的生活不再无聊了，填bring。
【真题练习】
2021年广东省初中学业水平考试
五、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题15分，共15分)
请读下面这篇文章，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词，并将
答写在答卡上对应题目的位置。
Many freigners mve t China because f strng interest in its culture. One man has turned his interest int lve and this lve made 66 write many bks abut China. He is William, an American wh has lived in China 67 33years. His Chinese name is Pan Wetlian. His Chinese friends 68 him"La Pan".
In 1988 La Pan first came t Cina and _69 as a teacher at a university. But La Pan did nt begin t understand China 70 he and his family tk a 3-mnth drive arund the cuntry.
These experiences in China gave him ideas fr his bks. since then,he has 71 thirty bks abut China. These bks give the wrld a fuller picture f China and La Pan is 72 f what he is ding.
LaPan's new bk includes his frty-seven 73 t his family back in America. The letters shw China's develpment in different perids. La Pan ften says he lves China 74 its peple s much. He sees it as a life-lng task t let mre Westerners knw 75 China is like. He will cntinue telling the natin's stries t the wrld.
答案：66.him 67.fr 68.call 69.wrked 70.until 71.written 72.prud 73.letters
and 75.what
【即时小练】
单句填空：
A
a)My grandfather was ________ in 1932 and grew up in a pr village in Fujian, China.
b) ________ the age f 14, he first heard f America.
c)________ then n, every year n this day, peple enjy eating Zngzi.
d) It is nt nly helpful fr children, ________ als gd fr all ages.
e) If yu are wrried ________ yur English and dn't knw hw t imprve it, why nt watch sme English
mvies?
brn; At; Frm; but; abut
B
a) Later, I wrked in a small ________, serving the guests, cleaning up the tables, washing the dishes and sweeping the flrs.
b) Thugh they were very________, they didn't stp t have a rest.
c) America was said t be the land f gld and pr peple culd easily becme________ there.
d) I am tired f ding s much hmewrk, s I am lking frward t a hliday________hmewrk.
e) If yu like the Beijing Opera, yu can enjy them at the ________. La She Teahuse gives a warm
welcme t everyne frm all ver the wrld.
restaurant; tired; rich; withut; teahuse
C
a) I write dwn new wrds, but I frget them quickly. Hw can I ________ them?
b) England rains a lt every day, s yu’d better bring an ________with yu when yu visit it.
c) The students sit in frnt f the screen fr a lng time t enjy the shw The Vice f China, but watching TV is nt ________ fr teenagers.
d) Thught he is pr, he is very . He is always ready t help his neighbrs.
e) Take yur swimming clthes because yu might want t g in the sea.
remember; umbrella; gf; kind/nice/helpful; swimming

D
a) Just at the mment, we saw ________ little by standing alne and crying.
b) This festival is in memry f Qu Yuan, ne f ________ greatest Chinese pets(诗人).
c) Suddenly, he becme ________ 80-year-ld man.
a; the; an;
E
a) If yu have a plan t visit China next year, wuld ________like t spend this festival with us?
b) We helped a wman find her sn. When she saw her sn, she was very excited and thanked ________ with tears in her eyes.
c) I really hpe that smene can give me sme advice. I am sure ________ will be very imprtant t me.
d) He felt happy t see the shes and he wanted t have ________ fr his birthday.
e) In rder t remember Qu Yuan, peple ften thrw rice int ________ t feed the fishes.
f) I like t make __________ with thers wh cme frm different cuntries.
yu; us; it; them; river/water; friends
F
a) Dragn Bat Festival is a __________ Chinese festival .
b) Lang Lang was__________ because his new teacher in Beijing didn't like him.
c) He als uses jke t make a very __________ family atmsphere (气氛)．
d) Tday we can use__________ materials(材料) t make different kinds f clthes.
traditinal; sad; happy/relaxing; different
G
a) Li Ming watched her __________ and was surprised t find that the girl had n feet.
b) Twenty minutes __________ , his mther appeared.
c) My teacher is very pleased with me, and I am ppular with my classmates, ________.
carefully; later; t
H
a) I asked him sme advice t imprve my riding skills.
b) His 15th birthday is cming July 3rd.
c) Jhn did smething wrng when he was playing with her friends. In the evening, when they had dinner
tgether, everybdy there was very happy ________ Jhn.
d) Last Saturday I went t the Great Wall ________ my friends. We have a gd time there.
fr; n; except; with
I
a) In the past we ________ zngzi nly n Dragn Bat Festival.
b) They helped the ld man with their bags, _______ phts fr sme turists and answered peple’s questins.
c) Dragn bat race is very exciting, and the first team t________ the finish line wins.
d) Sme f yu like ________ fast fd, but in fact(事实上) it nt gd fr yur health.
e) It’s better fr us t drink a glass f water befre ________ t bed.
ate; tk; reach; eating/having; ging
J
a) ________ I understand that it is imprtant t learn English well, smetimes I still dn’t want t practise it.
b) I wanted t g t a language schl t learn English, ________ I culdn't affrd(负担) it.
c) Everyne lked at Jhn surprisingly(惊讶的) ________ he knew he did smething wrng.
d) ________everyne can give a hand t thers, the wrld will becme mre and mre beautiful.
Thugh/Althugh; but; and; If