2023年高考英语二轮复习试题 阅读理解 02 推理判断 Word版含解析

阅读理解  解密01 推理判断（分层训练）

1.【山东省济宁邹城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】

Every April, I find myself troubled by the same concern—that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing gray. On May 3, I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of pressing a switch. Hills, sky and forest revealed their purples, blues and green.

Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighborhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark branches stretch out in unpruned (未经修剪的) abandon.

Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to prune (修剪) a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches (门廊). These were people I barely knew, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak. “You’re not going to cut it down, are you?” she asked anxiously.

Soon, half the neighborhood joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder.

Just the other day, I saw one neighbor at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.”

1．How did the author feel about the sudden change of the view?

A．Frightened. B．Depressed. C．Surprised. D．Annoyed.

2．Why did the neighbors open their windows and step out?

A．They intended to greet the author.

B．They felt astonished to notice a stranger.

C．They meant to protect their personal gardens.

D．They wondered what might happen to the tree.

3．What can be inferred about the apple tree in the neighborhood’?

A．It served as a bond. B．It was left unattended.

C．It stayed in a poor condition. D．It proved to be unappealing.

4．What did the neighbor value most according to the last paragraph?

A．The arrival of spring. B．The neighborhood gathering.

C．The pruning of the apple tree. D．Entertainment in the long winter.

2.【四川省内江市重点中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊】

“You will be in my heart forever. Without you, there are only emptiness and desert in my life...” This is a line from a heartfelt poem Feng Duan wrote to his fiancee Chen Lianfang in 1955.

Feng is now 94 and Chen 90, and they have been married for more than half a century. Feng, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, may not be a professional poet but for 64 years, Feng has written countless love poems to his wife. On every important anniversary or festival, Feng would send a poem to Chen. In 1978, when Chen’s cancer surgery succeeded, Feng created more than ten poems to celebrate his wife’s recovery. Chen used a red suitcase to store these love poems. The academic has also translated many English, French and German poems into classical Chinese.

The couple was introduced to each other by a common friend in 1953 and Feng sent two paper copies of poems to Chen as a gift.

“As long as I think of you, a beam of sunshine lights up my heart,” Feng wrote.

Chen recalled the first time Feng invited her to his dormitory to have a cup of tea and she thought the cup was made of frosted glass. As the two became closer, Chen often visited the academic’s dorm. She realized that the cup was the only one poor Feng owned. The opaque (不透明的) cup was not frosted glass but common glass stained with toothpaste.

Later she bought many clothes and even a stove for Feng, making a nice change from the single man s life. Feng’s marriage to Chen brought more happiness and now Chen still looks after Feng’s daily needs.

1．When Feng first met Chen, he was       .

A．32 B．30

C．28 D．26

2．What change did Chen bring to Feng?

A．Chen made a great difference to Feng’s daily life.

B．Chen changed Feng’s academic life greatly.

C．Chen wrote a lot of poems to Feng.

D．Chen introduced a lot of friends to Feng.

3．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Chen and Feng happened to meet each other on the campus.

B．Feng wrote many poems in different languages.

C．Chen cherished the poems Feng wrote to her.

D．Feng liked his opaque cup so much.

4．The writer wrote the passage to show       .

A．how a famous poet writes love poems to his wife

B．how the love poems join two hearts together

C．how important love poems are in the marriage

D．how the love poems make the couple famous

3.【陕西省宝鸡教育联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量检测（四）】

What do you do with your clothes that you don’t want to wear anymore? Through cutting, stitching(缝)and redesigning. Baxter Salzwedel has found a fashionable way to be sustainnble(可持续的).

In March, recycling clothes earned the 17-year-old from Elkhart Lake-Glenbeulah High School in Wisconsin, US, a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition. The competition was hosted by Junior Achievement of Wisconsin, a non-profit organization. He won a scholarship of $10, 000 for his sustainable clothing brand The Mad Patcher.

In the beginning. Salzwedel just worked with clothes for fun. He learned his sewing skills at a young age from his grandmother. He then started to tear up his old jeans to try and create cool new designs. The fun hobby quickly turned into a business for Salzwedel when his friends and classmates started asking him to make customized clothing for them.

“So many people wanted them that I wasn’t going to make 150 pairs of pants for free, so that was when 1 had to start making a business out of it, ” Salzwedel told the Sheboygan Press.

In 2021, Salzwedel started his clothing brand. He uses colourful and patterned fabrics(布 料) from other clothes to create his patchwork(拼接) designs, like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or recycled materials to ensure maximum sustainability.

Salzwedel has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes, and he donated 25 percent of his profits to non-profit organizations.

Talking about the competition, Salzwedel said, “It was exciting to do that and meet all sorts of young people with similar ideas. ” The teenager planned to use the prize to attend the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York. The college is one of the most famous fashion schools in the world. Meanwhile, he will continue doing his business even after he graduates. For Salzwedel, The Mad Patcher is a lifelong project worth working on.

1．What inspired Salzwedel to do business?

A．His interest in fashion design.

B．The popularity of his pants.

C．His grandmother’s encouragement.

D．The growing problem of fashion waste.

2．What does the text tell us about The Mad Patcher?

A．It aims to promote second-hand clothes.

B．It uses donated materials to reduce costs.

C．It produces sustainable fashion products.

D．It copies designs from well-established brands.

3．What does Salzwedel plan to do with the scholarship?

A．Grow his clothing brand.

B．Earn a degree in fashion.

C．Donate it to a fashion school.

D．Cooperate with like-minded people.

4．Which of the following can best describe Salzwedel?

A．Strong but selfish.

B．Brave and determined.

C．Talented but negative.

D．Creative and generous.

4.【江苏省苏州高新区第一中学2021-2022学年高三一模】

Stargazers can visit famous dark-sky parks in the world and enjoy unpolluted views of night skies. Let's take a deeper dive into what you'll see at the dark-sky parks.

Joshua Tree National Park, California

Joshua Tree National Park is a popular attraction for stargazers living on the west coast. Despite being influenced by light pollution on its western borders from Coachella Valley cities, its relative isolation from major cities in the east(with Phoenix being the closest city area some 300 miles away), provides it with some of the darkest skies in California.

Elqui Valley, Chile

A popular wine region centered on the Elqui River in northern Chile, the Elqui Valley also offers ideal conditions(high-altitude, low-population, limited cloud cover) for uncorking a bottle and toasting the heavens above. Spanning some 90,000 acres, the region has the distinction of being named the first-ever Dark Sky Sanctuary by the International Astronomical Union in 2015.

It's also home to nearly a dozen observatories, boutique stargazing hotels and a large variety of tours that cover both cosmic and daytime spectacles.

Wadi Rum, Jordan

One of Jordan's most valuable tourist destinations, Wadi Rum is an otherworldly mountain desert featuring dramatic rock formations and wind-swept rust-colored dunes. Wadi Rum is an incredible landscape too (used for a lot of sci-fi movies like Rogue One, Prometheus and The Martian) and it's one of the dark places where you can just sit and look up at the wonder of the night sky with very little interruption.

Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, America

It's no surprise that Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve has been building a reputation for good night sky viewing. The dry air, high elevation, and lack of light pollution all make the park an ideal dark-sky destination.

The Sangre de Cristo Mountains block much of the sky glow coming from nearby cities, shrouding(遮蔽，笼罩)the park-with its 149,164 acres of dunes, wetlands, grasslands, forests and alpine tundra-in darkness.

1．What do we know about Joshua Tree National Park?

A．It is relatively separated from major cities.

B．It is the first dark sky park in the world.

C．It is affected by no light pollution.

D．It is named as the darkest sky in the world.

2．What helps prevent Great Sand Dunes from light?

A．The wetlands. B．The sand dune.

C．The forests. D．The mountains.

3．Who are the intended readers of the text?

A．Park goers. B．Space explorers.

C．Star observers. D．Adventurous campers.

5. 【 “皖江名校”高三决战高考最后一卷】

The stomach is an extremely strong organ, full of acid to break down each meal. In order to prevent this acid from burning a hole in our stomachs and damaging other organs, our stomach lining is specially adapted to contain the acid safely.

H. pylori are able to live in the stomach by living in the lining, safe from harsh stomach acid. These bacteria are actually pretty common in people, approximately a third of Australians have H. pylori in their bodies, but not all have symptoms.

The bacteria can eventually create infection in stomach lining, a condition known as gastritis (胃炎）, by wearing away the lining and allowing stomach acid to burn away stomach tissue, causing painful ulcers (溃疡）。

Up until the 1980s, it was thought that bacteria could not survive in stomach acid. The cause of stomach ulcers was due to lifestyle choices: stress, smoking, spicy foods; the stomach acid was breaking through the lining on its own.

This belief was first questioned in 1979 by Robin Warren, an Australian pathologist, who found bacteria on a microscope slide containing the stomach lining of a patient with gastritis. In the years that followed Warren continued his research.

Warren then teamed up with Barry Marshall in 1981 and the two continued with the research, trying to separate the mystery bacteria and find a cure. Over the next three years, they tested their theories with some positive results, however the idea that bacteria could be the cause of gastritis was not widely accepted or even acknowledged.

Finally, fed up with being ignored and confident in his findings, Barry Marshall decided to test on himself. He infected himself with H. pylori and soon developed gastritis and terrible stomach ulcers. Marshall then began to cure himself by taking a dose of antibiotics (抗生素）. This once and for all proved not only that bacteria could grow in stomach acid, but it could also cause gastritis and stomach ulcers.

Eventually, the world fully acknowledged Warren and Marshall's huge contribution to science and medicine and the two were awarded the Nobel prize in Medicine in 2005. Twenty-six years after Robin Warren first began his research.

1．Why did the academics initially refuse to accept that H. pylori caused gastritis?

A．Lifestyle choices caused stomach ulcers.

B．Stomach acid could break through the lining on its own.

C．They thought that bacteria couldn't survive in the stomach.

D．The Australian pathologist Robin Warren provided no evidence.

2．How did Barry Marshall prove that H. pylori caused gastritis?

A．Choosing unhealthy lifestyles. B．Introducing H. pylori to his own stomach.

C．Finding the bacteria on stomach lining. D．Growing H. pylori in the lab.

3．What can we infer from the text?

A．Scientific progress takes time. B．Science guides medical practices.

C．Warren is not a productive scientist. D．Only Marshall deserves the prize.

4．The text is most likely written to          .

A．Chemists B．Patients C．Researchers D．The general public

1.【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量调研（三）】

Get stuck into chemistry with these fascinating guides.

An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table

by Gill Arbuthnott(Bloomsbury Children’s Books)

There are lots of funny stories, fascinating facts and interesting explanations packed into this book, which aims to provide a good introduction to the periodic table. As well as plenty of information, there are lots of eye-catching diagrams and illustrations.

Exploring the Elements

by Isabel Thomas. Illustrated by Sara Gillingham(Phaidon Press)

This beautifully designed book provides an introductory guide to the chemical elements — where they are found, their properties and the remark able ways we’ve learned to use them. Smart and stylish, the book even comes with an illustrated periodic table.

The Elements in the Room

by Mike Barfield. Illustrated by Lauren Humphrey(Laurence King)

As the candidate for lots of awards, this entertaining book invites you to join detective Sherlock Ohms as he tries to solve the mystery of how absolutely everything came to exist. This is a fun way to learn about the basics of chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc.

The Periodic Table Book

by Darling Kindersley, Ltd

If you are just starting your chemistry learning, look no further than this comprehensive visual encyclopedia, which is packed with stunning photographs. It covers all the basics of chemistry, with information about the different elements, and you’ll also learn about some of the famous scientists who discovered them.

1．Which book can explain the application of the elements?

A．An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table B．Exploring the Elements

C．The Elements in the Room D．The Periodic Table Book

2．How is Mike Barfield’s book different from the other books?

A．It contains an illustrated periodic table. B．It includes interesting stories and facts.

C．It introduces some of the famous chemists. D．It has the potential for winning prizes.

3．Who are the four books especially intended for?

A．Chemistry researchers. B．Chemistry majors.

C．Chemistry beginners. D．Chemistry teachers.

2.【江苏省新高考基地学校2022-2023学年高三12月第三次大联考】

Carpenter is the lead author of a paper in Nature Reviews Psychology that examined more than 100 years of research on learning.

“The benefits of spacing and retrieval practice have been confirmed over and over in studies in labs, classrooms, workplaces, but the reason why we’re presenting this research is that these two techniques haven’t fully caught on. If they were employed all the time, we’d see big increases in learning,” said Carpenter.

In the paper, Carpenter and her co-authors describe spacing as a strategy to learn in small amounts over time. It’s the opposite of cramming (塞满) the night before an exam. In one study, medical students who received repeated surgery training over three weeks performed better and faster on tests 2 weeks and 1 year later compared to medical students who had the same training all on one day.

Carpenter says there isn’t a universal rule about how much time to schedule between practice sessions. But research shows returning to the material after forgetting some—but not all—of the content is effective.

Retrieval practice is a strategy that involves recalling what was learned previously. It can take many forms, including flash cards, practice tests and open-ended writing prompts, and helps learners recognize what they do and don’t know. The paper’s authors emphasize that people who check their responses for errors or get feedback right away learn even better. More than 200 studies show people generally maintain more information for longer periods of time with retrieval practice compared to strategies that do not involve retrieval (e.g., re-reading a textbook.)

The authors argue people who combine spacing and retrieval practice have the best chance of remembering information.

“Forgetting is a very natural thing; you can’t stop forgetting even if you try, but you can slow down forgetting by using retrieval practice and spacing,” said Carpenter.

Carpenter says she uses digital tools (e.g., online practice quizzes, clicker questions) to incorporate retrieval practice and spacing into her university courses, but there are other ways to bring these strategies into the classroom.

1．Why do the author and his group present this research?

A．Because people don’t accept the two techniques.

B．Because the two techniques haven’t popularized.

C．Because people have much difficulty in learning.

D．Because the two techniques are taking little effect.

2．How does Carpenter prove spacing is superior to cramming?

A．By studying some cases. B．By receiving some training.

C．By applying some rules. D．By scheduling some time.

3．What can retrieval practice help people to get?

A．Self assessment. B．Wide recognition.

C．Positive response. D．General strategies.

4．What might Carpenter talk about in the following paragraphs?

A．The benefits of spacing and retrieval practice.

B．Potential ways used to slow down forgetting.

C．Arguments about what to do to stop forgetting.

D．Other university courses worth remembering.

3.【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量调研（三）】

Scientists researching climate change in Antarctica are studying penguins in an effort to better understand the area’s environmental health. The scientists are measuring the growth and development of the penguin population on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula. “We are counting penguin nests to understand how many penguins are in a colony, producing young every year, and whether that number is going up or down with the environmental conditions,” said Alex Borowicz. He is an ecology researcher at New York’s Stony Brook University.

The work is not easy for climate researchers in the icy, faraway reaches of Antarctica. But penguins are easier to follow than some other kinds of animals because they nest on land. Their black bodies and waste droppings can also be identified against the area’s white background.

Michael Wethington, another researcher from Stony Brook, told Reuters the penguin population can represent overall climate conditions and the health of the area’s whole ecosystem. The researchers say counts of individual penguins can be combined with data from satellite images to get a more complete picture of how the animals are progressing.

Gentoo penguins—with bright orange beaks and white markings on their heads—prefer open water without broken pieces of ice floating around. So when temperatures on the Antarctic Peninsula began rising during the latter half of the 20th century, Gentoo populations moved south. Gentoo penguins don’t like sea ice. They mostly forage (觅食) over the continental shelf and don’t go far out to sea. As sea ice has decreased along the western side of the peninsula, Gentoos seem to have gotten used to the changed conditions. But those same conditions have been worse for the Adelie penguin species. This is because the Adelies depend on sea ice for feeding and reproduction.

“When we find Adelie penguins, we typically know that sea ice is nearby,” Stony Brook’s Wethington said. He added that whenever researchers see sea ice decreasing or disappearing, they also see Adelie penguin populations plunge. Even though Adelie penguins are increasing in number overall, some populations have fallen by more than 65 percent, researchers say.

8．Why do scientists studying climate change in Antarctica study penguins?

A．To offer them better protection.

B．To find out about the penguin population.

C．To have a clearer idea of their living habits.

D．To learn more about the conditions of Antarctica.

9．What makes penguins easier to follow than other kinds of animals?

A．Their various kinds of species. B．Their unique eating habits.

C．Their nesting habit and body color. D．Their unusual hunting ways.

10．What can be inferred about Gentoo penguins from paragraph 4?

A．They are quite adaptive. B．They are in great danger.

C．They tend to hunt far out to sea. D．They have a preference for sea ice.

11．What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Adelie penguin has been affected by climate change.

B．Adelie penguin has got used to the changing environment.

C．Adelie penguin population has fallen by more than 65 percent.

D．Adelie pepenguin population represents the area’s whole ecosystem.

4.【浙江省诸暨市2022-2023学年高三12月诊断性考试】

Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card

Aliens have attacked Earth twice and almost destroyed human beings. Humans couldn’t lose anymore. Therefore, the world government has started to train military geniuses in the arts of war. Ender Wiggin is taking part in this training. He wins all the games. He knows time is running out, but can he save the planet?It’s good science fiction for boys.

The Broken Earth Trilogy (三部曲) by N.K. Jemisin

Moving into more modern territory, each entry of N.K. Jemisin’s The Broken Earth Trilogy won a Hugo Award when it was first published. It’s a science-fiction story married to fantasy elements that is one of the most famous pieces of literature.

The Expanse series by James S.A．Corey

This spectacular series consists of nine books. I know that looks like a lot of novels, but trust me, they are absolutely worth reading. The Expanse is easily one of the best sci-fi series in history, and now the TV adaptation has become one of the best sci-fi shows in history. The first book starts in our solar system and expands beyond it with a growing cast of characters that will feel like family after a dive into this fantastic series.

Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson

This is the only stand-alone book on this list, so if you don’t feel like investing in 300,000 pages of content, Neal Stephenson’s Snow Crash is for you. This author of the book uses virtual reality as the setting, and the main character is a pizza deliveryman in one world and a warrior prince in another.

1．Which book is suitable for you if you favor award-winning ones?

A．The Broken Earth Trilogy B．Ender’s Game

C．Snow Crash D．The Expanse

2．What do the four books have in common?

A．They all have TV adaptations.

B．They are based on true stories.

C．They are best-sellers on shelf.

D．They are fiction worth reading.

3．What is the author’s main purpose by listing the books?

A．To advertise. B．To introduce.

C．To recommend. D．To instruct.

5.【浙江省强基联盟2023届高三上学期12月统测】

It takes a lot of hard work and determination to achieve big goals. Many times, people must persevere in spite of obstacles to realize their dreams. Collette Divitto is a talented baker who managed to do just that. She used her bright personality, determination, and talent to become an entrepreneur.

Collette Divitto was born in Boston. Like many others, after graduating from college, she wanted to get a job. She went to many job interviews, but she kept getting rejected. Many employers said she was “not the right fit”. Divitto believed she was being rejected so often in that she was born with Down syndrome, which is a genetic disorder related to a person’s chromosomes. People with Down syndrome often have intellectual or physical disabilities.

Facing many job rejections, Divitto felt discouraged and hurt. She felt she wanted to open her own business and be her own boss. She thought about her hobbies and passions. Divitto knew she loved baking. She would always create delicious recipes to share with her family and friends. One of these recipes was for a chocolate chip cookie rolled in cinnamon sugar. Her mom tasted the cookies and urged her to write down the recipe to make them again. Divitto began baking and selling her chocolate cookies locally, calling her business “Collettey’s Cookies”. She took her cookies to a local grocery store named Golden Goose Market. Immediately after tasting the cookies, the market decided to sell Devitto’s cookies. Golden Goose Market became Divitto’s first client. Eventually, a television station shared the story of Divitto’s ccokie business. Her story went viral!

Divitto didn’t just create Collectey’s Cookies to sell delicious baked goods. She has a great ambition to expand her business so that she can hire as many people as possible. Currently, many of her employees have disabilities. Divitto also wants non-disabled business owners to see the strengths and talents of people with disabilities. The majority of disabled people who can work cannot find paying jobs. Even when they do get jobs, they are often paid less than the minimum wage. Divitto wants to change these statistics. She wants to make sure people with disabilities get jobs that pay fairly.

1．What did Collette think was the probable reason for her job rejections?

A．She wanted to run her own business.

B．She was not equal to these jobs.

C．She was not perseverant enough to face obstacles.

D．She was prejudiced for her disability.

2．Which of the following best describe how she made “Collettey’s Cookies” a success?

A．She fully took advantage of social connections.

B．She turned her passion for baking into a thriving business.

C．She had her cookies promoted on television.

D．She employed a team of disabled people.

3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．Divitto’s attitude to the disabled.

B．Divitto’s strategy of expanding the business.

C．Divitto’s quality of being an entrepreneur.

D．Divitto’s mission to empower the disabled with job opportunities.

4．What does the author want to show by telling the story?

A．Nothing seeks, nothing finds.

B．Success and rest don’t sleep together.

C．Sharp tools make good work.

D．Birth is much, but breeding (养育) is more.

6.【山东省济宁市2022-2023学年高三统考】

    Employers today tend to hire students who truly made the most of their time on campus. Getting involved in an extracurricular club could be one of your highlights.

Media & Publication Club

It focuses on publishing a campus newspaper, creating a website, or writing ads. The skill sets required to successfully create media today are incredibly varied. You may have a passion for the written word or love graphic design. Whatever the case, you are likely to find your place within the club.

Academic Club

This club is among the most popular on campus, which can be a great benefit to a degree-seeker, because they allow you to connect with other students in the same major and often even to network with professionals from industries in which you plan to seek employment after graduation.

Community Service Club

If you are eager to make a difference to the world, the club focusing on serving others might be the perfect match for you. This club is intended for children, seniors, underserved populations, animals, the environment, and so on. If you have a desire to help, the opportunity to serve likely exists on your campus.

Sports & Recreation Club

If you are passionate about the sport you’re pursuing, it does not matter if you aren’t playing at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) level. Club sports are usually not regulated by the rules of the NCAA, but you have chances to travel to other colleges in order to compete. The level of competition is generally not quite as intense, which makes club sports an extremely popular option if you’re just looking to play for fun.

1．Which club offers a chance to work with your potential colleagues?

A．Media & Publication Group. B．Academic Club.

C．Community Service Club. D．Sports & Recreation Club.

2．What do we know about the Sports & Recreation Club?

A．It must follow the NCAA rules.

B．It can hold interschool competitions.

C．It offers intense training from time to time.

D．It only admits members with NCAA levels.

3．Who is the text targeted at?

A．Employers. B．Professors.

C．Undergraduates. D．Children.