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2023年高考英语二轮复习试题 阅读理解 03 细节理解 Word版含解析
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阅读理解 解密03 细节理解（分层训练）
分层练A
1.A【2021·英语全国甲卷】
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Forest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1．Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A．Writers. B．Photographers. C．Painters. D．Tourists.
2．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow—covered forests.
【答案】1．B2．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.”（ Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Mike Shepherd部分“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和Timothy Smith部分“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd 和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。
2.A【2021·全国高考乙卷】
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D．, the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtiona1, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D．P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
1．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A．104,944. B．107,601. C．About 150,000. D．About 250,000.
2．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A．Michigan Stadium. B．Beaver Stadium. C．Ohio Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
3．What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A．They host big games. B．They have become tourist attractions.
C．They were built by Americans. D．They are favored by architects.
【答案】1．D2．C3．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.” (然而，与这座城市容纳了25万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小巫见大巫。)可知，Circus Maximus的可以容纳250,000人。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章最后部分中的“Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened October 7, 1922.” (美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场，容纳人数：104,944人。1922年10月7日开业。)及其他四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，Ohio Stadium开放时间最早在1922年，属于年代最久远的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.” (所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
3. 【2020·全国新课标III】A
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence（13days）
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed（瓦屋顶）villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain（15days）
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent（芳香）of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes（21days）
Discover the China of“past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights（精彩之处）include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia（17days）
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
1. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
2. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
3. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
【答案】1.A2.C3.B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
1.细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。A. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选A项。
4.【2020·全国新课标I】A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
1．What would you do get ticker information?
A．Call 13 16 17. B．Visit translink .com.au.
C．Ask at the local station. D．Check the train schedule.
2．At which station can you find the lost property office?
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street. C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
3．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A．6:42 pm. B．7:29 pm. C．8:57 pm. D．11:02 pm.
【答案】1．C2．B3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
5.【2020·全国新课标II】A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A．09.30-17.30. B．10.30-16.00. C．11.15-16.00. D．12.00-16.30
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A．Enjoy Ronney’s works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A．Penrith. B．Kendal. C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
【答案】1．C2．A3．D
【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
1．细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney's works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth's life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
6.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
1．What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?
A．She loves staying with her mother. B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition D．She is sensitive to heat.
2．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A．They had their first born in January. B．They enjoyed exploring new places
C．They lived with their grandmothers. D．They were brought to the reserve young
【答案】1．C2．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
1．细节理解题。通过文章第二段“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. (她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. (1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. (1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port Lympne，体重约为32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。
7. C【2020·全国I】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.306
1．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
2．What advantage does race walking have over running?
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B．It’s less challenging physically.
C．It’s more effective in body building.
D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
3．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A．Getting experts’ opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
【答案】1．C2．D3．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
8. B【2020·全国新课标II】
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.242
1．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence. B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self-control. D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
A．Parents’ age. B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education. D．Child-parent relationship.
3．How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
A．They play with puzzles more often.
B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language.
D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
【答案】1．B2．C3．D
【解析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中…found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B. Developing spatial skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for difference in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.( Levine说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C. Parents' education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。
9. C【2020·全国新课标III】
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
1. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
2. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
【答案】1.B2.C
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
1.细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
分层练B
1.【江苏省苏州市常熟市2022-2023学年高三12月阶段性抽测二】
Internet Genealogy (族谱) is your guide to successful genealogy research using the World Wide Web. We also recognize, however, that the Internet isn’t necessarily the only source for research, so Internet Genealogy will also tell you what to do if you cannot find the records you need and how to confirm your findings. The magazine also covers advanced genealogical methods such as DNA analysis, as well as software and technology reviews, case studies, databases and other internet-related family history topics.
$27. 95 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$19. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
Your Genealogy Today is a how-to genealogy magazine. People who are trying to discover their family roots know that there is no “master plan” that tells you how to conduct your research. While some ancestral lines can be traced back several generations with relatively little effort, others can only be discovered after painstaking research. Your Genealogy Today recognizes that there are hundreds, maybe thousands, of different records and methods that may apply to your own research.
$25. 00 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$17. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
History Magazine opens a window on the past, providing believable stories about how our world became the place it is today. Written from a North American perspective, History Magazine’s articles are clear, informative and insightful and come supported by beautiful images and maps. History Magazine breathes life into stories of the past, telling tales of both critical moments and everyday life with passion and spirit.
$24. 95 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$17. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
1．Who is Internet Genealogy targeted at?
A．Engineers who are expert at software. B．Those who are fond of stories of family history.
C．Those who show interest in genealogy research. D．Researchers who are doing DNA analysis.
2．How much will you pay for Your Genealogy Today (Digital) for two years?
A．$17. 95. B．$25. 00. C．$19. 95. D．$35. 90.
3．Which of the following could be included in History Magazine?
A．North African perspective. B．Stories of past lives.
C．Studies of family roots. D．Advanced genealogical methods.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本杂志的相关信息。
1．推理判断题。根据Internet Genealogy部分的“Internet Genealogy (族谱) is your guide to successful genealogy research using the World Wide Web.(Internet Genealogy是您的指南，是运用互联网的成功的家谱研究)”可知，Internet Genealogy针对的是对家谱研究感兴趣的人。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Your Genealogy Today部分的“$17. 95 Digital 1 year(6 issues)(数码$17.95美元1年（6期）)”可知，买Your Genealogy Today的数码版两年需要的钱是$17. 95*2=35.9。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据History Magazine部分的“History Magazine breathes life into stories of the past, telling tales of both critical moments and everyday life with passion and spirit.(History Magazine杂志为过去的故事注入生命，以激情和精神讲述关键时刻和日常生活的故事)”可知，前世的故事可以收录在History Magazine杂志中。故选B。
2.【河南省TOP20名校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月调研考】
Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time.
Ready, set, play!
Join a team sport
Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community. This list of links will lead you through to sports clubs and fixtures across the state, or you can use the My Community directory to search for your sport of choice.
Make date night active night
Date night (or any time you hang with loved ones or friends) doesn’t have to be spent sitting in a cinema. Get active on your next date by going bowling, playing laser tag or paintball, or sinking balls at minigolf.
Catch and kick
Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health. Kill two birds with one stone and take them to the park to kick a footy or throw a ball back and forth. Once everyone’s practised their kicking, throwing and catching skills, take things to the next level by asking them to throw or kick long and make you run for it.
Take the stairs
An oldy but a goody, taking the stairs instead of a lift is great for working the major muscle groups in the legs. It might not seem like the most fun option for a workout, but you can fit a surprising amount of activity into every day by taking the stairs whenever they are an option. And if you get hooked(喜欢上), you can even become a competitive stair climber.
1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．Public health and wellbeing. B．Research and reports.
C．News and events. D．Strategic direction.
2．What is the advantage of Join a team sport?
A．You have more time for morning exercise.
B．You have a better way of communication.
C．It is a way to work the major muscle in legs.
D．You will get an expert direction in the group.
3．Which would a father choose if he wanted to play with his 5—year—old son?
A．Join a team sport B．Take the stairs
C．Catch and kick D．Make date night active night
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣四项活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time. (下面是一些会让你兴奋的活动，同时给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣。)”可知，全文介绍了四项体育活动，因此应该出现在公共健康栏目。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community. (作为团队的一分子参加体育活动可以帮助你在交朋友和感觉自己是社区的一部分的同时变得活跃。)”可知，参加这项活动，除了健身外，还可以交朋友和更好地成为社区一员，因此有助于建立良好的交流。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health. (任何有孩子的人都知道，有时娱乐他们比照顾自己的健康更重要。一举两得，带他们去公园踢足球或来回扔球。)”可知，这是适合家长与孩子一起玩的活动。故选C。
3.【2023届高三第一次学业质量评价（T8联考）】
Leaving our hostel in the centre of Phnom Penh, we climb inside our small Tuk Tuk cabin attached to the back of Kiwi’s motorbike; a bottle of water in one hand and a surgeon-style mask in the other we set off on our 45-minute commute. It is a familiar start to the day for me and two other volunteers. We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.
The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. We reach the dusty highway, masks and sunshades firmly in place to protect our eyes and lungs. A mixture of concrete buildings and huts exist along the side of the road among a sea of rubbish. The residents often smile and wave as we pass by.
We turn onto a farm track. The last part of our journey is a roller coaster, jumping out of potholes (路面坑洼) and turning to avoid falling off the sinking road. We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.
Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children compete in the area of marbles. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha(short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.
Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day. Despite the journey, it is so good to arrive at work in the morning.
1．Where was the author going?
A．To Samrong Orphanage. B．To the oasis of Samrong.
C．To the capital of Cambodia. D．To the centre of Phnom Penh.
2．What word can be used to describe Kiwi?
A．Disciplined. B．Confident. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious.
3．What did they see along the farm track?
A．Dry bones. B．Shy children.
C．Almost bare fields. D．A roller coaster beside it.
4．What can we learn from the story?
A．Enthusiasm of the children. B．Comfort of riding a motorbike.
C．Beauty of working in the morning. D．Pleasure of being in a different culture.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己在金边做志愿者的经历，且主要讲的是从他们所住的旅店到他们所工作的孤儿院的一段45分钟旅程的所见所闻。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.(我们开始在柬埔寨首都城外的一家孤儿院工作。)”和第四段“Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm.(最后我们到达目的地：令人快慰的地方是桑荣农场。)”及“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你会想象生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声)”可知，作者他们去的地方是桑荣农场孤儿院，Samrong Orphanage。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. (金边的早高峰拥挤而混乱。Kiwi在卡车、4×4雷克萨斯和无数摩托车之间指引我们的道路，这些摩托车通常载着整个家庭。)”可以看出，Kiwi开着嘟嘟车在拥挤的交通中间穿行，毫不畏惧，由此说明Kiwi很自信。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.(沿着路边的小溪几乎干涸，田野的植被稀疏。)”可知，沿着农场的路边几乎是光秃秃的田野。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你能想象到生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声。)”和最后一段“Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day.(与西方世界的孩子相比，他们几乎没有什么，但他们每天都在慷慨地奉献精神和热情。)”可知，作者提到孩子们在贫穷的环境中仍然快乐，笑声不断，精神上慷慨富足，体现出孩子们对待生活的热情。故选A。
4.【河南省TOP20名校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月调研考】
Recently, researchers at Yale did a groundbreaking study that found that parents had enormous power to reduce their child’s anxiety,even if the child didn’t do anything different.
The study involved 124 parents and their children, aged 7 to 14, who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive(认知的)behaviour therapy(治疗). The other half received no therapy at all，but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.
Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three. Parents of children who were refusing or avoiding school because of anxiety-driven stomachaches were taught to respond with something like,“I know you are feeling upset right now, and I know you will be okay,”before sending the child to school.
The results were remarkable. Children in both groups showed the same reduction in anxiety, regardless of whether they or their parents received suggestions. On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. If you have stood with a child during anxiety,you would probably be way too aware of the sense of helplessness that can swamp them. When anxiety lays a heavy hand, it can understandably be tough for our children to open up to doing something different. What this research is telling us is that we don’t need them to. Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety.
1．What are the two therapies intended for?
A．One for children and one for parents.
B．Both for children’s cognitive behaviour.
C．Both for parents’ anxiety and behaviour.
D．Both for children with anxiety and bad deeds.
2．Why should parents reduce sent-back messages when receiving so many?
A．To let experts give some advice.
B．To show their ignorance to them.
C．To reduce the children’s anxiety.
D．To give children too much comfort.
3．What does the result of the research show to us?
A．Children’s ways to deal with anxiety are vital.
B．Parents’ proper behaviors are more important.
C．Children’s cognitive behaviors should be guided.
D．Children are short of experience in treating anxiety.
4．What should a parent do in treating children’s anxiety?
A．Change himself. B．Give advice quickly.
C．Take them to doctors. D．Get into their behaviors.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. The other half received no therapy at all， but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. (最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)” 可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety. (即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)” 可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。
5.【江苏省镇江南京部分学校九校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月学情调研联考】
Exams are nerve-racking, especially for those already of an anxious disposition. The silence of the hall; the ticking of the clock; the beady eye of the invigilator; the smug expression of the person sitting at the neighboring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. It therefore seems hardly surprising that those who worry about taking tests do systematically worse than those who do not.
What is, perhaps surprising, according to the research published recently in Psychological Science by Maria Theobad at the Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education and her colleagues, is that it is not the pressure of the exam hall which causes the problem. It is the pressure of revision.
What Dr Theobald found was that anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities. Those who performed well in these also did well in the real thing, regardless of how anxious they were on the day.
What actually hampered students, it turned out, were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam the lower his or her knowledge gain was during that period, leaving that student with less helpful material in mind during the exam itself.
And this is a positive discovery, for it suggests a change of approach to revision by the anxious might help improve their results.
Dr Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have low expectations of success and simultaneously know that passing the exam is exceedingly important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a two fold strategy for students to consider as they revise.
First they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can weaken the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation.
1．According to the research, which of the following can help to predict a student’s bad results in exams?
A．The exam hall is silent during the exams.
B．He is very much afraid of the exams.
C．He feels great pressure from his classmates.
D．He displayed low-level knowledge gain in his revision.
2．A student’s exam performance can be predicted based on____________.
A．The level of his anxiety on the exam day.
B．His scale of knowledge shown in the mock exam.
C．His digital learning abilities during the exam.
D．His good performance in the real exam.
3．What does the underlined word “hampered” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．helped. B．encouraged.
C．stimulated. D．blocked.
4．What can students do to reduce their exam anxiety?
A．Have more confidence in their abilities.
B．Value the importance of passing the exam.
C．Have low expectations of success.
D．Deny the significance of the text.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了焦虑对学生考试产生的影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It is the pressure of revision.”（这就是复习的压力。）以及第三段中“What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities.”（真正能预测结果的是学生在模拟考试和早期数字学习活动中表现出的知识水平。）可知，根据这项研究，在复习中获得了较低水平的知识可以帮助预测一个学生在考试中的坏成绩。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities.”（真正能预测结果的是学生在模拟考试和早期数字学习活动中表现出的知识水平。）可知，学生的考试成绩可以根据他在模拟考试中展示的知识水平来预测。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam the lower his or her knowledge gain was during that period, leaving that student with less helpful material in mind during the exam itself.”（学生在考试前几天越焦虑，他或她在这段时间获得的知识就越少，在考试期间，学生脑海中有用的材料就越少。）可知，讲的是考试前几天越焦虑就越阻碍知识的获得，故可猜测划线单词hampered为“阻碍，阻塞”的意思，结合选项D项blocked “阻塞”意思一致。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“First they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can weaken the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation.”（首先，他们可以通过提醒自己知道多少来提高对自己能力的信心。其次，他们可以通过提醒自己，虽然这很重要，但这不是一个生死攸关的情况，来削弱测试的重要性。）可知，学生们对自己的能力更有信心可以减轻考试焦虑。故选A项。
阅读理解 解密03 细节理解（分层训练）
分层练A
1.A【2021·英语全国甲卷】
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011)
Skiddaw in Winter
Cumbria, England
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014)
Macclesfield Forest
Cheshire, England
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1．Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A．Writers. B．Photographers. C．Painters. D．Tourists.
2．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow—covered forests.
【答案】1．B2．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.”（ Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Mike Shepherd部分“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和Timothy Smith部分“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd 和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。
2.A【2021·全国高考乙卷】
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D．, the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtiona1, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D．P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
1．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A．104,944. B．107,601. C．About 150,000. D．About 250,000.
2．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A．Michigan Stadium. B．Beaver Stadium. C．Ohio Stadium. D．Kyle Field.
3．What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A．They host big games. B．They have become tourist attractions.
C．They were built by Americans. D．They are favored by architects.
【答案】1．D2．C3．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.” (然而，与这座城市容纳了25万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小巫见大巫。)可知，Circus Maximus的可以容纳250,000人。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章最后部分中的“Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened October 7, 1922.” (美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场，容纳人数：104,944人。1922年10月7日开业。)及其他四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，Ohio Stadium开放时间最早在1922年，属于年代最久远的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.” (所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
3. 【2020·全国新课标III】A
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence（13days）
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed（瓦屋顶）villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain（15days）
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent（芳香）of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes（21days）
Discover the China of“past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights（精彩之处）include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia（17days）
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
1. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
2. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
3. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
【答案】1.A2.C3.B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
1.细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。A. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选A项。
4.【2020·全国新课标I】A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
1．What would you do get ticker information?
A．Call 13 16 17. B．Visit translink .com.au.
C．Ask at the local station. D．Check the train schedule.
2．At which station can you find the lost property office?
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street. C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
3．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A．6:42 pm. B．7:29 pm. C．8:57 pm. D．11:02 pm.
【答案】1．C2．B3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
5.【2020·全国新课标II】A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A．09.30-17.30. B．10.30-16.00. C．11.15-16.00. D．12.00-16.30
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A．Enjoy Ronney’s works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A．Penrith. B．Kendal. C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
【答案】1．C2．A3．D
【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
1．细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney's works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth's life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
6.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
1．What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?
A．She loves staying with her mother. B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition D．She is sensitive to heat.
2．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A．They had their first born in January. B．They enjoyed exploring new places
C．They lived with their grandmothers. D．They were brought to the reserve young
【答案】1．C2．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
1．细节理解题。通过文章第二段“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. (她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. (1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. (1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port Lympne，体重约为32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。
7. C【2020·全国I】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.306
1．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
2．What advantage does race walking have over running?
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B．It’s less challenging physically.
C．It’s more effective in body building.
D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
3．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A．Getting experts’ opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
【答案】1．C2．D3．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
8. B【2020·全国新课标II】
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.242
1．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence. B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self-control. D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.
2．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
A．Parents’ age. B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education. D．Child-parent relationship.
3．How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
A．They play with puzzles more often.
B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language.
D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
【答案】1．B2．C3．D
【解析】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中…found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B. Developing spatial skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for difference in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.( Levine说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C. Parents' education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。
9. C【2020·全国新课标III】
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
1. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
2. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
【答案】1.B2.C
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
1.细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
分层练B
1.【江苏省苏州市常熟市2022-2023学年高三12月阶段性抽测二】
Internet Genealogy (族谱) is your guide to successful genealogy research using the World Wide Web. We also recognize, however, that the Internet isn’t necessarily the only source for research, so Internet Genealogy will also tell you what to do if you cannot find the records you need and how to confirm your findings. The magazine also covers advanced genealogical methods such as DNA analysis, as well as software and technology reviews, case studies, databases and other internet-related family history topics.
$27. 95 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$19. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
Your Genealogy Today is a how-to genealogy magazine. People who are trying to discover their family roots know that there is no “master plan” that tells you how to conduct your research. While some ancestral lines can be traced back several generations with relatively little effort, others can only be discovered after painstaking research. Your Genealogy Today recognizes that there are hundreds, maybe thousands, of different records and methods that may apply to your own research.
$25. 00 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$17. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
History Magazine opens a window on the past, providing believable stories about how our world became the place it is today. Written from a North American perspective, History Magazine’s articles are clear, informative and insightful and come supported by beautiful images and maps. History Magazine breathes life into stories of the past, telling tales of both critical moments and everyday life with passion and spirit.
$24. 95 Print 1 year (6 issues)
$17. 95 Digital 1 year (6 issues)
1．Who is Internet Genealogy targeted at?
A．Engineers who are expert at software. B．Those who are fond of stories of family history.
C．Those who show interest in genealogy research. D．Researchers who are doing DNA analysis.
2．How much will you pay for Your Genealogy Today (Digital) for two years?
A．$17. 95. B．$25. 00. C．$19. 95. D．$35. 90.
3．Which of the following could be included in History Magazine?
A．North African perspective. B．Stories of past lives.
C．Studies of family roots. D．Advanced genealogical methods.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本杂志的相关信息。
1．推理判断题。根据Internet Genealogy部分的“Internet Genealogy (族谱) is your guide to successful genealogy research using the World Wide Web.(Internet Genealogy是您的指南，是运用互联网的成功的家谱研究)”可知，Internet Genealogy针对的是对家谱研究感兴趣的人。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Your Genealogy Today部分的“$17. 95 Digital 1 year(6 issues)(数码$17.95美元1年（6期）)”可知，买Your Genealogy Today的数码版两年需要的钱是$17. 95*2=35.9。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据History Magazine部分的“History Magazine breathes life into stories of the past, telling tales of both critical moments and everyday life with passion and spirit.(History Magazine杂志为过去的故事注入生命，以激情和精神讲述关键时刻和日常生活的故事)”可知，前世的故事可以收录在History Magazine杂志中。故选B。
2.【河南省TOP20名校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月调研考】
Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time.
Ready, set, play!
Join a team sport
Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community. This list of links will lead you through to sports clubs and fixtures across the state, or you can use the My Community directory to search for your sport of choice.
Make date night active night
Date night (or any time you hang with loved ones or friends) doesn’t have to be spent sitting in a cinema. Get active on your next date by going bowling, playing laser tag or paintball, or sinking balls at minigolf.
Catch and kick
Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health. Kill two birds with one stone and take them to the park to kick a footy or throw a ball back and forth. Once everyone’s practised their kicking, throwing and catching skills, take things to the next level by asking them to throw or kick long and make you run for it.
Take the stairs
An oldy but a goody, taking the stairs instead of a lift is great for working the major muscle groups in the legs. It might not seem like the most fun option for a workout, but you can fit a surprising amount of activity into every day by taking the stairs whenever they are an option. And if you get hooked(喜欢上), you can even become a competitive stair climber.
1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．Public health and wellbeing. B．Research and reports.
C．News and events. D．Strategic direction.
2．What is the advantage of Join a team sport?
A．You have more time for morning exercise.
B．You have a better way of communication.
C．It is a way to work the major muscle in legs.
D．You will get an expert direction in the group.
3．Which would a father choose if he wanted to play with his 5—year—old son?
A．Join a team sport B．Take the stairs
C．Catch and kick D．Make date night active night
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣四项活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time. (下面是一些会让你兴奋的活动，同时给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣。)”可知，全文介绍了四项体育活动，因此应该出现在公共健康栏目。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community. (作为团队的一分子参加体育活动可以帮助你在交朋友和感觉自己是社区的一部分的同时变得活跃。)”可知，参加这项活动，除了健身外，还可以交朋友和更好地成为社区一员，因此有助于建立良好的交流。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health. (任何有孩子的人都知道，有时娱乐他们比照顾自己的健康更重要。一举两得，带他们去公园踢足球或来回扔球。)”可知，这是适合家长与孩子一起玩的活动。故选C。
3.【2023届高三第一次学业质量评价（T8联考）】
Leaving our hostel in the centre of Phnom Penh, we climb inside our small Tuk Tuk cabin attached to the back of Kiwi’s motorbike; a bottle of water in one hand and a surgeon-style mask in the other we set off on our 45-minute commute. It is a familiar start to the day for me and two other volunteers. We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.
The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. We reach the dusty highway, masks and sunshades firmly in place to protect our eyes and lungs. A mixture of concrete buildings and huts exist along the side of the road among a sea of rubbish. The residents often smile and wave as we pass by.
We turn onto a farm track. The last part of our journey is a roller coaster, jumping out of potholes (路面坑洼) and turning to avoid falling off the sinking road. We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.
Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children compete in the area of marbles. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha(short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.
Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day. Despite the journey, it is so good to arrive at work in the morning.
1．Where was the author going?
A．To Samrong Orphanage. B．To the oasis of Samrong.
C．To the capital of Cambodia. D．To the centre of Phnom Penh.
2．What word can be used to describe Kiwi?
A．Disciplined. B．Confident. C．Devoted. D．Ambitious.
3．What did they see along the farm track?
A．Dry bones. B．Shy children.
C．Almost bare fields. D．A roller coaster beside it.
4．What can we learn from the story?
A．Enthusiasm of the children. B．Comfort of riding a motorbike.
C．Beauty of working in the morning. D．Pleasure of being in a different culture.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己在金边做志愿者的经历，且主要讲的是从他们所住的旅店到他们所工作的孤儿院的一段45分钟旅程的所见所闻。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.(我们开始在柬埔寨首都城外的一家孤儿院工作。)”和第四段“Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm.(最后我们到达目的地：令人快慰的地方是桑荣农场。)”及“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你会想象生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声)”可知，作者他们去的地方是桑荣农场孤儿院，Samrong Orphanage。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. (金边的早高峰拥挤而混乱。Kiwi在卡车、4×4雷克萨斯和无数摩托车之间指引我们的道路，这些摩托车通常载着整个家庭。)”可以看出，Kiwi开着嘟嘟车在拥挤的交通中间穿行，毫不畏惧，由此说明Kiwi很自信。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.(沿着路边的小溪几乎干涸，田野的植被稀疏。)”可知，沿着农场的路边几乎是光秃秃的田野。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你能想象到生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声。)”和最后一段“Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day.(与西方世界的孩子相比，他们几乎没有什么，但他们每天都在慷慨地奉献精神和热情。)”可知，作者提到孩子们在贫穷的环境中仍然快乐，笑声不断，精神上慷慨富足，体现出孩子们对待生活的热情。故选A。
4.【河南省TOP20名校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月调研考】
Recently, researchers at Yale did a groundbreaking study that found that parents had enormous power to reduce their child’s anxiety,even if the child didn’t do anything different.
The study involved 124 parents and their children, aged 7 to 14, who had been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive(认知的)behaviour therapy(治疗). The other half received no therapy at all，but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.
Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three. Parents of children who were refusing or avoiding school because of anxiety-driven stomachaches were taught to respond with something like,“I know you are feeling upset right now, and I know you will be okay,”before sending the child to school.
The results were remarkable. Children in both groups showed the same reduction in anxiety, regardless of whether they or their parents received suggestions. On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. If you have stood with a child during anxiety,you would probably be way too aware of the sense of helplessness that can swamp them. When anxiety lays a heavy hand, it can understandably be tough for our children to open up to doing something different. What this research is telling us is that we don’t need them to. Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety.
1．What are the two therapies intended for?
A．One for children and one for parents.
B．Both for children’s cognitive behaviour.
C．Both for parents’ anxiety and behaviour.
D．Both for children with anxiety and bad deeds.
2．Why should parents reduce sent-back messages when receiving so many?
A．To let experts give some advice.
B．To show their ignorance to them.
C．To reduce the children’s anxiety.
D．To give children too much comfort.
3．What does the result of the research show to us?
A．Children’s ways to deal with anxiety are vital.
B．Parents’ proper behaviors are more important.
C．Children’s cognitive behaviors should be guided.
D．Children are short of experience in treating anxiety.
4．What should a parent do in treating children’s anxiety?
A．Change himself. B．Give advice quickly.
C．Take them to doctors. D．Get into their behaviors.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Half the children received 12 weekly sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. The other half received no therapy at all， but their parents received 12 weekly sessions to guide them on how to respond to anxiety in their children.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parent therapy focused on helping parents reduce their accommodation behaviour, which are the behaviour that make anxiety more possible. These behaviour included parents supporting avoidance, over-comforting, changing the environment to avoid anything that might fuel anxiety, accommodating obsessive-compulsive behaviour(either by joining in or making way for them). For example,if a parent received loads of text messages a day from an anxious child, that parent gradually reduced the number of text messages he or she sent back to two or three.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“On top of this, the relationship between the parent and child was better in the group where only the parents received therapy. (最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)” 可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Even without involving their children, parents have enormous power to reduce anxiety in their children by changing the way they respond to anxiety. (即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)” 可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。
5.【江苏省镇江南京部分学校九校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月学情调研联考】
Exams are nerve-racking, especially for those already of an anxious disposition. The silence of the hall; the ticking of the clock; the beady eye of the invigilator; the smug expression of the person sitting at the neighboring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. It therefore seems hardly surprising that those who worry about taking tests do systematically worse than those who do not.
What is, perhaps surprising, according to the research published recently in Psychological Science by Maria Theobad at the Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education and her colleagues, is that it is not the pressure of the exam hall which causes the problem. It is the pressure of revision.
What Dr Theobald found was that anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities. Those who performed well in these also did well in the real thing, regardless of how anxious they were on the day.
What actually hampered students, it turned out, were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam the lower his or her knowledge gain was during that period, leaving that student with less helpful material in mind during the exam itself.
And this is a positive discovery, for it suggests a change of approach to revision by the anxious might help improve their results.
Dr Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have low expectations of success and simultaneously know that passing the exam is exceedingly important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a two fold strategy for students to consider as they revise.
First they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can weaken the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation.
1．According to the research, which of the following can help to predict a student’s bad results in exams?
A．The exam hall is silent during the exams.
B．He is very much afraid of the exams.
C．He feels great pressure from his classmates.
D．He displayed low-level knowledge gain in his revision.
2．A student’s exam performance can be predicted based on____________.
A．The level of his anxiety on the exam day.
B．His scale of knowledge shown in the mock exam.
C．His digital learning abilities during the exam.
D．His good performance in the real exam.
3．What does the underlined word “hampered” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．helped. B．encouraged.
C．stimulated. D．blocked.
4．What can students do to reduce their exam anxiety?
A．Have more confidence in their abilities.
B．Value the importance of passing the exam.
C．Have low expectations of success.
D．Deny the significance of the text.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了焦虑对学生考试产生的影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It is the pressure of revision.”（这就是复习的压力。）以及第三段中“What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities.”（真正能预测结果的是学生在模拟考试和早期数字学习活动中表现出的知识水平。）可知，根据这项研究，在复习中获得了较低水平的知识可以帮助预测一个学生在考试中的坏成绩。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“What did predict it was the level of knowledge a student displayed in the mock exam and the earlier digital learning activities.”（真正能预测结果的是学生在模拟考试和早期数字学习活动中表现出的知识水平。）可知，学生的考试成绩可以根据他在模拟考试中展示的知识水平来预测。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam the lower his or her knowledge gain was during that period, leaving that student with less helpful material in mind during the exam itself.”（学生在考试前几天越焦虑，他或她在这段时间获得的知识就越少，在考试期间，学生脑海中有用的材料就越少。）可知，讲的是考试前几天越焦虑就越阻碍知识的获得，故可猜测划线单词hampered为“阻碍，阻塞”的意思，结合选项D项blocked “阻塞”意思一致。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“First they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can weaken the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation.”（首先，他们可以通过提醒自己知道多少来提高对自己能力的信心。其次，他们可以通过提醒自己，虽然这很重要，但这不是一个生死攸关的情况，来削弱测试的重要性。）可知，学生们对自己的能力更有信心可以减轻考试焦虑。故选A项。
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