2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区第一高级中学高一英语上学期期末达标测试卷(A卷)(含听力)(解析版)
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市孟津区第一高级中学高一英语上学期期末达标测试卷(A卷)(含听力)(解析版),共23页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7等内容,欢迎下载使用。
高一英语上学期期末达标测试卷
(A卷)
考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a furniture shop.
B. At a coffee bar.
C. At the woman’s home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Make yourself at home. Seat yourself on the sofa, please. What about having a cup of coffee?
M: That’s a good idea!
2. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
Who is Mr. Thompson?
A. Meg’s boss.
B. Meg’s father.
C. Meg’s doctor.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Thompson. I’m sorry but I can’t go to work today. I feel terrible and I have to see the doctor.
M: Don’t worry, Meg. Rest up and I’ll see you tomorrow.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
When will the party be over?
A. At 11:00 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 10:00 pm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: There is a party tonight at 6 o’clock in the hall.
W: What a pity! I won’t come back until 7 o’clock.
M: It doesn’t matter. The party will last 4 hours.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Living in Austria. B. Looking for jobs. C. Preparing for a trip.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to travel to Austria.
W: Wow, fascinating! But it would be difficult to arrange all the things by yourself.
M: You bet! I spent much time on the visa and looking for hotels but I found it challenging.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
What do we know about the man?
A. He will get married.
B. He will study abroad.
C. He will live on an island.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to marry Helen this month.
W: I’m glad to hear that. Where will you spend the honeymoon?
M: We’ll spend our honeymoon on an island abroad.
W: I hope you both will be happy.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
6. Who is Lisa probably?
A. A shop assistant.
B. The man’s friend.
C. Dominic’s mother.
7. What did the man buy for his nephew last year?
A. A toy soldier.
B. A computer game.
C. A Mickey Mouse.
【答案】6 B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Thanks for coming with me to this toy shop, Lisa.
W: Sure thing, Tom. I am glad to help you find a gift for your nephew’s birthday. He is such an adorable (可爱的) young lad (小伙子). What’s his name again? Dominic, right?
M: Yeah, but he is difficult to please. You know he was not satisfied with the toy soldier I gave him on his last birthday. Anyway, Lisa, what do you think of this one?
W: A computer game? But he’s only five years old! How about the Mickey Mouse with the big ears on that shelf? It’s funny.
M: Seems good.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
8. Why is the man moving to New York?
A. To enjoy the city life.
B. To stay with his friends.
C. To find a better job.
9. How old is the man?
A. 19 years old. B. 29 years old. C. 39 years old.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Paul, you are moving to New York?
M: Yeah.
W: Why?
M: Because I want to change the working environment. Maybe I can find a more suitable job there.
W: But you have worked here for 19 years. Do you have any friends there?
M: No, but I can make friends there.
W: Are you afraid of moving to such a big city, especially as you have lived in a small village for 39 years from the day you were born?
M: Not really. I’ll enjoy myself.
W: Will you come back someday?
M: Of course. I plan to come back here when I retire.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
10. How did the man find the apartment?
A. From a newspaper.
B. From the Internet.
C. From a friend.
11. What does the man want?
A. A big kitchen.
B. A big living room.
C. A big bedroom.
12. What will the woman probably do this Friday?
A. Entertain some friends.
B. Pay the man a visit.
C. Rent an apartment.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Your new apartment is great, Kevin!
M: Thanks.
W: Did it take you a long time to find it?
M: No, I just looked online and found a few one-bedroom places that met my needs. Then I spent an afternoon visiting them with a friend.
W: Wow. That sounds pretty easy. I usually look in the newspaper or on the Internet. I can find a lot of information, but it takes a while to sort through all the information.
M: Yeah, I kept my search simple. I wanted a nice kitchen, a comfortable bedroom, but the most important thing was having a big living room.
W: Why? So you can entertain(招待) people?
M: Yeah, I love to have my friends over and cook dinner for them.
W: Really? You should invite me to one of your parties sometime.
M: I’d love to. Are you free this Friday?
W: Of course.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
13. What is the man doing?
A. Having an interview.
B. Applying for a course.
C. Organizing a summer trip.
14. How long will the course run this year?
A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.
15. What surprised the woman last year?
A. The extremely hot weather.
B. The inexperienced assistants.
C. The number of children attending the course.
16. What new activities will be added this year?
A. Adventure sports.
B. Fun programs.
C. Creative classes.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. We are lucky to have Molly Taylor here today. Molly is organizing an activity course for the summer holidays. Molly, this is the second year of the course, isn’t it?
W: Yes. The summer course operated for the first time last year for a six-week period. We did think about making it longer this year and having a seven-week course, as two schools have eight-week holidays. But in the end we decided to keep to the same plan as last year.
M: But, as I understand, last year’s course wasn’t a complete success, was it?
W: Well, we were actually very surprised by the number of people interested in the course. We didn’t actually have enough assistants to look after all the children. Besides, there was such a lot of rain that we couldn’t go outside as often as we wanted to.
M: So, what activities can the children look forward to this year?
W: Well, once again there’ll be artists and musicians who will lead creative classes. We also considered providing some more exciting adventure sports. But we decided not to, in the end. Instead we’re introducing some fun programs. I think it’ll be good fun for the children.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】
17. What color is Pauly’s head?
A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red.
18. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly?
A. He won’t survive on his own.
B. He refuses to eat anything.
C. He has a broken tail.
19. In what season did Pauly get lost?
A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer.
20. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly?
A. Record Pauly’s loud call.
B. Tell him right away.
C. Give Pauly something to eat.
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve lost my pet bird. If anyone sees my bird flying around the neighborhood, please call me at 347-8399. He’s about ten inches high with bright green feathers. His tail has some blue 8 feathers in it, and his head is mostly red. He’s a very nice bird, and his name is Pauly. I’m very sad that he flew away. I’m afraid that he won’t be able to find enough to eat, because he’s not a wild bird. Also, winter is coming soon. He might die when the weather gets colder. Please help me find him! Keep your eyes and ears open! You might not see him, but you will definitely hear his loud call. If you think you might have heard him, please call me right away. Tell me where you were when you heard him, and I’ll go there. I will call his name. If he’s anywhere nearby, he will definitely fly back to me. I trained him since he was a very young bird, and he’s my best friend!
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Absolutely Unputdownable Books You Have to Read
Flowers for Algernon
Daniel Keyes
If you’re seeking a pleasant read, try this short story by Daniel Keyes. He’ll show you how a person feels going from a simple cleaner at a bakery, whose IQ is less than 60, to a genius and the most intelligent person on the planet. In a situation like this, is it possible to overcome your fears and cope with loneliness? Keyes offers his answer to this question.
Orphans of the Sky
Robert A. Heinlein
A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. Its passengers have long forgotten the outside world and believed in a pre-technological culture marked by superstition (迷信). This novel has brought Heinlein wide recognition, and will grasp you tight and won’t let you go for months (or even years) afterward. Are we, the digital generation, different from the passengers of that imaginary spaceship?
95 Pounds of Hope
Anna Gavalda
Adapted from the author’s own experience, this story is about the main things in life: choices we make, the power of love and devotion. The story of a thirteen-year-old boy who one day has to gather all his strength and courage and take a step towards adulthood proves once again that dreams do come true. After all, no matter how many pounds we have, we’re all trying not to lose hope.
A Certain Smile
Francoise Sagan
If you don’t enjoy thrillers or sci-fi and stories about dragon-riding detectives, if you’re longing for something emotional, slow and gentle, this beautiful little book by Francoise Sagan is just what you need. Strongly recommended by psychological doctors, it’s a pleasant exception among traditional romance novels: you’ll find all of the advantages of high-quality literature here. And yes, it’s a real page-turner.
21. What kind of book is Orphans of the Sky?
A. A science fiction. B. A historical novel.
C. A detective story. D. A fairy tale.
22. What is special about 95 Pounds of Hope?
A. It is not suitable for adult readers. B. It is about a boy serving in army.
C. It is based loosely on a true story. D. It brought its author great fame.
23. Which is the best choice for someone suffering from mental illness?
A. Flowers for Algernon B. Orphans of the Sky
C. 95 Pounds of Hope D. A Certain Smile
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本令人爱不释手的必读书目的相关信息。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A giant generation ship is sailing without guidance through the depths of the universe. (一艘巨大的世代飞船正在宇宙深处航行,没有任何指引)”可知,Orphans of the Sky讲述了一艘巨大的飞船在没有指引的情况下在宇宙深处航行的故事,从而推知,Orphans of the Sky是一部科幻小说。故选A项。
22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Adapted from the author’s own experience (这个故事改编自作者的真实经历)”可知,95 Pounds of Hope的特殊之处在于它改编自作者的真实经历,即它大致是以一个真实的故事为基础进行改编的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Strongly recommended by psychological doctors (心理医生强烈推荐)”可知,小说A Certain Smile被心理医生大力推荐。由此可推知,A Certain Smile是精神疾病患者们的最佳选择。故选D项。
B
The most eye-catching performance from the final weekend of the U.S. Olympic Track and Field Trials didn’t break a world record or send a teenager to Tokyo. But Lindsay Flach still became the shining star. Lindsay Flach competed in the heptathlon(七项全能) 18 weeks pregnant and showed off a growing belly. Though she finished a distant last among the 15 women who made it through all seven events of the heptathlon, her participation this past weekend was a victory in itself.
The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach’s last chance to compete in the heptathlon, the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade. She intended to grasp a chance on the U.S. Olympic team one final time before marrying her longtime boyfriend and starting a family together.
In early 2020, Flach quit her job, temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. Olympic Trials. Then the pandemic(疫情) struck three months into her training.
When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement(延迟) of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen, Flach, 31, decided she could no longer put her life on hold. In March, Flach began struggling to hit marks that had previously been routine to her. She took a pregnancy test that came back positive, a result that made her doubt whether her Olympic hopeful.
The pregnancy weakened Flach’s strength and energy but not her desire to say goodbye to track and field on her own terms. While Flach’s final score was less than half her personal best, she’s trying not to focus on that aspect, nor on the fact that she never qualified for an Olympics in her career. She’s excited for what’s to come in her life, excited she was able to participate in a third Olympic Trials and excited that she showed how strong would-be mothers can be.
24. When did Flach begin to love the heptatblon?
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 21.
C. At the age of 30. D. At the age of 31.
25. Which word can best describe Flach according to Paragraph 3?
A. Determined. B. Ambitious.
C. Unfortunate. D. Organized.
26. What made Flach excited?
A. She was expecting a new life.
B. She won the third Olympic Trials.
C. She could marry her loved boyfriend finally.
D. She was chosen to take part in the Olymipic Games.
27. In which section of a magazine can this text be read?
A. Teens. B. Sports.
C. Economy. D. Advertisement.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下,依然挑战自己,参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The 2020 season was supposed to be Flach’s last chance to compete in the heptathlon, the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade.”(2020赛季本应是弗拉赫参加七项全能比赛的最后一次机会,这项运动在过去十年中逐渐激发了她的热情。)及第四段第一句“When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement(延迟) of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen, Flach, 31, decided she could no longer put her life on hold.”(当新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延迫使东京奥运会延期,并让人怀疑奥运会能否如期举行时,31岁的弗拉赫决定,她不能再让自己的生活停滞不前了。)可知,2020年,Flach已经31岁了,在过去的10年里,这项运动发展成为了她热衷的运动。由此可知, Flach在(31-10=)21岁时开始喜欢上了七项全能运动。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段“In early 2020, Flach quit her job, temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. ”(2020年初, Flach辞去了工作, 暂时与她的未婚夫分开,搬到了近250英里以南的德克萨斯大学Rio Grande Valley分校,和她的新教练一起训练。她打算留在那里训练,准备参加2020年美国奥运会选拔赛。)由此可推知,Flach是个意志坚定的人。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“She’s excited for what’s to come in her life”(她为自己生活中即将到来的事情感到兴奋。)由此可知,她期望一段新生活。故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了31岁的Flach在怀孕18周的情况下,依然挑战自己, 参加了女子七项全能的奥运会选拔赛的故事。由此可推知,这篇文章可以在杂志的体育版块被看到。故选B。
C
Are you patient? Do you have attention to detail, free time and access to a computer? Well, then a scientist might welcome your help. Researchers in the UK say it’s becoming important to count on common people to help them with their projects. They need people to examine data and submit their observations online.
British teenagers Sasha and Matthew are taking part in a study of penguins (企鹅) from the comfort of their homes. The pair look at pictures and tag (加标签于) photos identifying adults, chicks and eggs. Every click of their mouse is helping to build up a detailed picture of penguin colonies (群). They, and thousands of others, are helping scientists to understand why some colonies are growing and others are decreasing. Within the first four hours of Penguin Watch going live, “citizen scientists” marked more images than the research team did in five years.
Dr. Tom Hart, Penguin Watch Coordinator at Oxford University, says, “When you go beyond what a scientist can analyse to what a mass audience can do, then it increases beyond what any other project could do.”
The British Science Association says families are helping out with careful research. It made a difference to the Planet Hunters Project, which ran for five years. Volunteers looked at dots which showed how the brightness of a star changed at different points in its solar system.
According to Dr. Robert Simpson from Oxford University, who took part in the project, the volunteers discovered planets and these are now in published papers. He says with pride, “We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers.”
But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation? Dr. Simpson isn’t worried. “We get lots of people looking at the same things, ”he says. The researcher warns that people who are mistakenly clicking on the site are very obvious and can be identified very quickly. So, there’s no fooling the scientists.
And to make sure things go well, the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published. After that, every “citizen scientist” will be credited.
28. According to the passage, who will be suitable to help the scientists?
A. An engineer who works in a company.
B. A university student who likes science.
C. A businessman who invests in a new project.
D. A careful teenager who uses the computer smoothly.
29. What is a volunteer required to do?
A. Publish his observation data by himself.
B. Observe pictures and record his observation.
C. Discuss his observation with other volunteers.
D. Take his report to the scientist and correct mistakes.
30. How could scientists avoid mistakes in observation?
A. By working with volunteers. B. By using their own data.
C. By identifying pictures and photos. D. By going through a peer review.
31. What’s Dr. Simpson’s attitude towards the volunteers’ observation?
A. Objective B. Supportive. C. Negative. D. Doubtful.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国科学家依靠普通人来帮助他们完成科学项目的做法,及其成果。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Are you patient? Do you have attention to detail, free time and access to a computer? Well, then a scientist might welcome your help. (你有耐心吗?你是否关注细节,是否有空闲时间和是否能使用电脑?那科学家可能会欢迎你的帮助)”可推知,一个能熟练使用电脑的细心少年适合帮助这些科学家。故选D项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The pair look at pictures and tag (加标签于) photos identifying adults, chicks and eggs. (它们会观察图片和标记图片,以识别成年、小鸡和蛋)”可知,志愿者需要观察图片并记录观察结果。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But how do scientists guard their research against accidental or deliberate mistakes in observation? (但是科学家如何防止他们的研究在观察中出现意外或故意的错误呢?)”最后一段中“And to make sure things go well, the Penguin Watch paper will go through a peer review before being published. (为了确保一切顺利,《企鹅观察》的论文在发表前将经过同行评审)”可知,科学家通过同行评审来避免观察中的错误。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中Dr. Simpson所说“We can go and look at these planets with other telescopes and we know they exist because of those helpers. (我们可以用其他望远镜去观察这些行星,因为有了这些帮手,我们才知道它们的存在)”可以推知,Simpson博士对志愿者的观察持支持态度。故选B项。
D
Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world, where infectious diseases are commonplace. Through specialized senses animals can detect certain diseases and change their behavior to avoid getting ill.
In 1966, while studying chimps (猩猩) in a Tanzanian national park, zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus. His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group. In one instance, McGregor approached chimps in a tree. He reached out a hand in greeting, but the others moved away without a backward glance.
“For a full two minutes, old McGregor sat motionless, staring after them,” Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. “It’s really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.”
Not all animals are so aggressive toward their sick neighbors. Sometimes it’s as simple as avoiding those who may infect you.
When Kiesecker, a lead scientist in America, studied American bullfrog in the late 1990s, he found that bullfrogs could not only detect a deadly smell of infection in other bullfrogs, but healthy members actively avoided those that were sick. Bullfrogs rely on chemicals signals to determine who is sick or not.
Caribbean lobsters (龙虾) also avoid diseased members of their community, well before they become infectious. It takes about eight weeks for lobsters infected with the deadly virus to become dangerous to others. Normally social animals, lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection — once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.
“Overall, it’s important to note that, unlike us, animals don’t realize if they stay home, they might actually reduce the infection rate,” Kiesecker explains. “As humans, we have that ability. It’s a big difference.”
32. Why did other chimps attack McGregor?
A. He was a loner. B. He got seriously ill.
C. He may cause the group ill. D. He hurt other chimps first.
33. How did Goodall feel when seeing McGregor’s result?
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful.
C. Objective. D. Sympathetic.
34. How long will the healthy Caribbean lobsters stay with the diseased ones?
A. About a month. B. About eight weeks.
C. About four days. D. Fewer than four weeks.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Social Distancing in Nature
B. Carrying out Social Distancing
C. Puzzling Social Distancing in Chimps
D. Social Distancing between Human and Animals
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“In 1966, while studying chimps (猩猩) in a Tanzanian national park, zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus. His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the group.(1966年,动物学家珍·古道尔在坦桑尼亚国家公园研究黑猩猩时,观察到一只名叫麦格雷戈的黑猩猩感染了一种高度传染性的病毒。他的黑猩猩同伴攻击他,把他扔出了黑猩猩群)”可推知,猩猩们攻击McGregor是因为它可能会导致整个群体生病。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段“ “For a full two minutes, old McGregor sat motionless, staring after them,” Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. “It’s really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.”(“老McGregor一动不动地坐了整整两分钟, 盯着它们背影,”Goodall在她1971年出版的In the shadow of Man一书中写道。“ 这和如今一些社会群体对这样的悲剧的反应没有什么不同。”)”可推知,当看到McGregor的结局时,Goodall对此感到同情。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Normally social animals, lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection — once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.(可知, 龙虾通常是群居动物,一旦它们闻到生病的龙虾释放出的特定化学物质,会在生病的龙虾感染四周后尽可能早地开始远离它)”可知,健康的加勒比龙虾会和生病的龙虾在一起待约一个月的时间。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段第一句“Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world, where infectious diseases are commonplace.(在传染病屡见不鲜的自然界,保持社交距离并不是一个新概念)”可知,文章主要介绍了自然界中动物保持社交距离的现象。由此可知,A项最适合作本文标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The comfort zone is a safe space where we don’t risk, but neither do we grow. ____36____ Change and growth occur. We can not become what we want to be, remaining in what we are today. There are many good reasons to be encouraged to leave the comfort zone.
Prepare yourself for difficult times. Safe as we feel in our comfort zone, that space will not protect us from the problems, which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes. ____37____ These problems can produce psychological disorders. But learning to live outside the comfort zone, dealing with novelty and uncertainty will make us people emotionally stronger.
____38____ The comfort zone represents everything we know. Outside is another world to discover. In the comfort zone there are no great ideas or new discoveries. It’s necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity. In fact, a study conducted at the University of Florida found that students who spent just one term outside their country scored better on creativity tests than those who had been studying at the same university.
Feel more alive. Leaving the comfort zone, we meet new people and live new experiences. Some of these experiences will not be positive but others will become a driving force that gives us new energy. Thus we’re learning to enjoy more life. ____39____
Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety. ____40____ That’s in the growth zone, and you can reach the best of ourselves, learn new things.
A. Become more productive.
B. Increase your creativity.
C. Generally, we are not used to them.
D. Yet magical things happen outside the comfort zone.
E. It might become the perfect excuse not to do, not risk.
F. Face new challenges with an acceptable level of anxiety.
G. The feeling of being empty will be discovered to disappear.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇议论文。舒适区是一个我们无需冒险,但也不能让我们成长的安全空间。作者认为我们应该走出自己的舒适区,并列举了若干理由。
【36题详解】
根据上一句的“The comfort zone is a safe space where we don’t risk, but neither do we grow. ”(舒适区是一个安全的空间,在那里我们不会冒险,但也不会成长。)和下一句的“Change and growth occur. ”(改变和成长发生了。)可知,空处应为转折关系,提到了舒适区之外的空间,在那里可以产生改变和成长,所以选项D(然而,神奇的事情发生在舒适区之外。)符合语境。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上一句的“Safe as we feel in our comfort zone, that space will not protect us from the problems, which usually appear in life in an unexpected way producing great changes. ”(尽管我们在舒适区感到安全,但这个空间不会保护我们免受问题的困扰,这些问题通常以意想不到的方式出现在生活中,会产生巨大的变化。)和下一句的“These problems can produce psychological disorders. ”(这些问题会导致心理障碍。)可知,空处应该还是在讲述这些问题;选项C(通常,我们不习惯它们。)中的“them”指代“the problems”,衔接合理,引出下文讲这些问题会产生不良后果。故选C。
【38题详解】
根据下文“It’s necessary to leave the known to find the inspiration to creativity. ”(有必要离开已知的事物去寻找创造力的灵感。)和后面提到的“creativity tests”可知,在本段中作者认为人们应该走出舒适区,增进自己的创造力;空处为段首句,是本段的主旨句,选项B(提升你的创造力。)符合本段表达的主要思想。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Feel more alive.”(感觉更有活力。)以及空处前一句“Thus we’re learning to enjoy more life.”(因此,我们学会了享受更多的生活。)可知,走出舒适区会让我们感觉生活更有意义;选项G(空虚的感觉会被发现消失了。)进一步补充说明了感觉更加有活力,承接上文,符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
上一句“Exercises to get out of your comfort zone will allow you to expand your growth zone without experiencing too much anxiety.”(走出舒适区的锻炼可以让你在不经历太多焦虑的情况下扩大自己的成长空间。),选项F(以可接受的焦虑程度面对新的挑战。)中的“new challenges”(新的挑战)与“Exercises to get out of your comfort zone”所指一致;“an acceptable level of anxiety”是指“可以接受的焦虑程度”,即不会过于焦虑,与上文“without experiencing too much anxiety”;所以选项F较好地承接了上文,符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After watching my son Todd run in a race, I made my usual comment, “Todd, I could walk faster than those women run.” Todd_____41_____as he knew I wasn’t a runner.“ Listen, Mom, how about you run with me next year at this race?” Without thinking, I quickly agreed to this_____42_____. I felt this was going to be a piece of cake!
Never in my_____43_____dreams did I ever imagine what the next year would bring. When it was almost time for this race to_____44_____, Todd wasn’t going to be running. He had died in a car accident. A few of his friends knew this “challenge” I had agreed to with Todd. They started to_____45_____me to run the race. I hadn’t_____46_____or prepared anything. Quite_____47_____, I had almost forgotten I said I would do it.
I decided I should keep my_____48_____. Before the race, I listened to some_____49_____talking about how to run your race. I played the race over and over in my_____50_____when I listened to the tapes. The day of the race finally came. I felt pretty_____51_____. When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready. It was freezing cold that day, but I didn’t care. I_____52_____all my warm clothes and ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on. Nothing was going to_____53_____me.
No one knew what_____54_____me to run. I finished my practice run, fell on the grass, and cried my eyes out. I found that running_____55_____the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd.
41. A. sighed B. laughed C. nodded D. screamed
42. A. challenge B. compromise C. command D. declaration
43. A. mildest B. happiest C. deepest D. wildest
44. A. occur B. reward C. end D. exist
45. A. press B. encourage C. bother D. order
46. A. applied B. recovered C. trained D. digested
47. A. entertainingly B. frankly C. doubtfully D. obviously
48. A. secret B. distance C. kindness D. promise
49. A. tapes B. lectures C. friends D. experts
50. A. dream B. memory C. mind D. soul
51. A. desperate B. heartbroken C. emotional D. delighted
52. A. took off B. tore up C. threw away D. handed out
53. A. amuse B. depress C. ease D. disappoint
54. A. influenced B. permitted C. directed D. motivated
55. A. deepened B. proved C. relieved D. fostered
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在儿子托德车祸去世后,遵守承诺,参加跑步比赛的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:托德笑了,因为他知道我不擅长跑步。A. sighed叹气;B. laughed笑;C. nodded点头;D. screamed尖叫。根据上文中的“I could walk faster than those women run”及语境可知,Todd笑了,因为他知道母亲不擅长跑步。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想都没想就答应了这个挑战。A. challenge挑战;B. compromise妥协;C. command命令;D. declaration宣告。根据上文中的“I wasn’t a runner”及下文“A few of his friends knew this ‘challenge’ I had agreed to with Todd.”可知,不经思考,作者迅速接受了这个挑战。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我最疯狂的梦想中,我从来没有想象过明年会发生什么。A. mildest最温和的;B. happiest最高兴的;C. deepest最深的;D. wildest最狂野的。根据下文中的“dream did I ever imagine”及“He had died in a car accident.”,可知Todd在第二年的比赛到来前因车祸身亡, 这是作者最疯狂的梦也没有想到的事。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这场比赛快要开始时,托德没有参加比赛。A . occur发生;B. reward奖励;C. end结束;D. exist存在。根据前文的“race”以及下文中的“Todd wasn’t going to be running”可知,第二年的比赛快到来时,Todd已经无法参赛了。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们开始鼓励我参加比赛。A. press按;B. encourage鼓励;C. bother使(某人)烦恼;D. order命令。根据前文“A few of his friends knew this ‘challenge’ I had agreed to with Todd.”可知,儿子朋友知道作者与儿子的约定,在儿子离世后,他们开始鼓励作者去参加比赛。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我没有训练或准备任何东西。A. applied应用;B. recovered康复;C. trained培训;D. digested消化。根据下文中的“prepared anything”结合选项可知,作者没有经过训练也没有做任何准备。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:坦白地说,我几乎忘了我说过我会做这件事。A. entertainingly有趣地;B. frankly坦白地说;C. doubtfully怀疑地;D. obviously明显地。根据下文中的“I had almost forgotten I said I would do it”可推知,此处是坦白讲,作者几乎忘记了自己曾经说过要参加比赛。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我决定遵守我的诺言。A. secret秘密;B. distance距离;C. kindness仁慈;D. promise诺言。根据下文“When it was time for the race, I was all dressed and ready.”可知,作者参加了比赛,所以是决定自己应该信守承诺。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:比赛前,我听了一些关于如何参加比赛的磁带。A. tapes磁带;B. lectures讲座;C. friends朋友;D. experts专家。根据下文中的“when I listened to the tapes”可知,比赛前,作者在赛前听了一些讲述如何赛跑的磁带。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我听磁带的时候,我在脑海里一遍又一遍地播放比赛。A. dream梦;B. memory记忆;C. mind头脑;D. soul灵魂。根据上文中的“I played the race over and over”和下文中的“when I listened to the tapes”可知,当作者听磁带时,她在脑海中一遍遍地想象着比赛的场景。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很激动。A. desperate绝望的;B. heartbroken极为悲伤的;C. emotional情绪激动的;D. delighted高兴的。根据前文“Without thinking, I quickly agreed to this 2 .”可知,这次比赛是作者和Todd的约定,根据常理推知,此处指当比赛到来时,作者的情绪很激动。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:脱下所有保暖的衣服,只穿了一件无袖衬衫和短裤。A. took off脱(衣服,帽子,鞋子等);B. tore up撕碎;C. threw away扔掉;D. handed out分发。根据下文中的“ran with only a sleeveless shirt and shorts on”可知,作者脱去了所有保温暖的衣服,只穿着无袖衬衫和短裤。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:没有什么能让我沮丧。A. amuse逗乐;B. depress使沮丧;C. ease缓解;D. disappoint使失望。根据前文“It was freezing cold that day, but I didn’t care.”可知,那天极为寒冷,但作者并不在乎,什么事也不能使她消沉。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:没人知道我参选的动机是什么。A. influenced影响;B. permitted允许;C. directed监督;D. motivated成为…的动机。根据后文“me to run”指促使作者去跑步的理由没人知道,motivate sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我发现跑步可以缓解失去亲爱的托德带来的压力。A. deepened变强烈;B. proved证明;C. relieved减轻;D. fostered促进。根据下文中的“the stress I was feeling of losing my dear Todd”可知,作者发现跑步减轻了她因失去爱子Todd而感受到的压力。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists at the University of Liverpool (UL) have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own. It’s not new for labs to use robots. But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and ____56____ (do) one job over and over again. The UL robot is different. It’s able to ____57____ (easy) move around in the same kind of space as humans do. It uses a special system called LIDAR to guide ____58____ (it). With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction, the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out ____59____ variety of tasks.
The scientists says it took a lot of work ____60____ (program) the robot so that it could do things without ____61____ (make) mistakes. Once the programming is done, though, the robot makes ____62____ (few) mistakes than a human.
To test their robot, the scientists gave it a task: find a material ____63____ was able to produce hydrogen (氢) from water. The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment, but it ____64____ (give) 10 different things it could change which could influence the results. That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the robot ran 688 experiments, always choosing its next experiment based ____65____ the results of the last one.
【答案】56. did
57. easily 58. itself
59. a 60. to program
61. making 62. fewer
63. which/ that
64. was given
65. on/ upon
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。利物浦大学(UL)的科学家已经开发出一种可以自己进行实验的机器人。文章对此进行了介绍。
【56题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意:但早期的机器人通常呆在一个地方,反复做一项工作。根据“stayed in one place”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填did。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意:它可以很容易地在和人类一样的空间里移动。修饰动词move应用副词。副词easily意为“容易地”。故填easily。
【58题详解】
考查反身代词。句意:它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。此处宾语和主语相同,所以应用反身代词。故填itself。
【59题详解】
考查不定冠词和固定搭配。句意:机器人的长臂几乎可以向任何方向转动,它可以使用几种不同的实验室设备,并执行各种任务。a variety of意为“各种各样的”,为固定搭配。所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查to do不定式。句意:科学家们表示,为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。“it takes...to do sth”意为“做某事花费……”,为固定句式,此处to do不定式为真正的主语,it为形式主语。故填to program。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意:科学家们表示,为机器人编程花费了大量工作,这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。在介词without后应用动名词作宾语。故填making。
【62题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意:然而,一旦编程完成,机器人犯的错误就比人类少。根据“than a human”可知,此处应用形容词比较级。故填fewer。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:为了测试他们的机器人,科学家们给了它一个任务:找到一种能够从水中产生氢的材料。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为material,所以应用关系代词that或which。故填which/ that。
【64题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:机器人被编程从而理解实验的基本方法,但它被给了10种不同的可以改变的东西,这可能会影响结果。根据“The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment”可知,此处应用一般过去时。动词give意为“给”,和主语it构成被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数。故填was given。
【65题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意:在接下来的8天里,机器人进行了688次实验,总是根据上一次实验的结果来选择下一次实验。be based on/upon意为“根据”,为固定搭配。所以此处应用介词on或upon。故填on/ upon。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是某国际高中的学生会主席李华。为了配合学校的历史遗址保护宣传活动,请你围绕“保护历史遗址”这个主题,为学校的英语论坛写一封倡议书。内容包括:
1.破坏历史遗址(heritage site)的严重后果;
2.学生可以作出的贡献。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
【答案】Dear fellow students,
Can you imagine a world without the Great Wall of China or the Pyramids of Egypt? Just thinking about it brings me pain. Destroying any heritage site will erase valuable parts of our world’s history.
As students, we can regularly participate in local heritage site cleaning programs. Furthermore, we can launch campaigns, set up websites, and give out leaflets to raise people’s awareness of the preservation of heritage sites. Last but not least, we can increase the publicity of this issue through social media.
Let’s stop hesitating and start acting now. We can and will make a difference.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是某国际高中的学生会主席李华。为了配合学校的历史遗址保护宣传活动,请你围绕“保护历史遗址”这个主题,为学校的英语论坛写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
破坏:destroy→damage
参加:participate in→take part in
宝贵的:valuable→precious
此外:furthermore→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Furthermore, we can launch campaigns, set up websites, and give out leaflets to raise people’s awareness of the preservation of heritage sites.
拓展句:Furthermore, we can launch campaigns, set up websites, and give out leaflets so that we can raise people’s awareness of the preservation of heritage sites.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Destroying any heritage site will erase valuable parts of our world’s history. (运用了动名词作主语)
[高分句型2] Let’s stop hesitating and start acting now. (运用了肯定祈使句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Travelling can teach you a lot. Sometimes, on your journey, despite coming from totally different backgrounds, we were able to connect on a human level and learn from each other. I have learned about kindness when travelling in too many ways, but there is one particular example that stands out in my memory.
Eight years ago, a friend and I journeyed to Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic to rent a private villa on the beach and do some relaxing. In the morning, we went to see the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of gentle sea. In the evening, we stepped barefoot on the soft sandy beach, feeling the waves touching our feet and watching the setting sun leaving the sky afire with orange and green light. It was so much fun living on the beach.
Apart from the breathtaking scenery on the beach, I was also constantly touched by the warm hospitality of the Dominican people in general, but Pedro totally blew me away. He worked at our villa as the security guard. He also regularly provided assistance to all guests by accompanying them on their excursions to ensure they would be safe among local scenes where tourists may not be common or could be taken advantage of. However, he did not speak good English so often it was a bit challenging for him. Luckily, I speak Spanish so I was able to communicate very well with Pedro and this delighted him. Due to this, we chatted a lot and felt very connected. Pedro insisted on catering to our every need. He would not even let us lift a finger in the villa, which was above and beyond his duties. He told us we reminded him of his daughter and he felt like our “Papa” so he had to take care of us.
What really blew me away though is that Pedro basically ended up saving my life.
Paragraph 1:
After I arrived, I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The day before our departure, I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
After I arrived, I suddenly found myself catching a heavy cold and felt terrible. When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse due to extreme fever and flu symptoms, my friend panicked. Then Pedro appeared. He took me to the clinic and stood by my side and never left. I will never forget the look of sincere concern and worry on his face. There are not a lot of people who would care this much for a complete stranger. Pedro was a true angel.
Paragraph 2:
The day before our departure, I was finally feeling a lot better due to the medical care I was given. Since I was leaving, Pedro and the other staff member at the villa prepared us a truly authentic Dominican feast. Then, we went to the beach where they threw me a farewell party and we danced and talked all night long. I was blown away by the kindness and generosity of this amazing man. This experience showed me the real meaning of genuine kindness and compassion, and it was totally life changing. I will never forget Pedro as long as I live.
【解析】
【导语】本文以旅行为线索,讲述了作者在Puerto Plata租了别墅,享受海边的宁静,别墅的保安在作者生病时对她的照顾让作者了解到了旅行的意义。
详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“在我们到达后,我发现自己患了重感冒,感觉很难受。”可知,本段可以写作者在别墅得了重感冒,幸好在别墅保安Pedro的无微不至的照顾下,作者恢复了身体。
②由第二段首句内容“在我们离开的前一天,因为我获得的照顾,我感觉好多了。”可知,本段可以写作者在离开之前,Pedro和当地人为准备了地道的当地盛宴,这让作者感到很温暖,尤其是生病时Pedro对她的照顾。她将永远无法忘记Pedro。
2.续写线索:生病→Pedro照顾她→离开之前参加地道的当地盛宴→作者感受到了当地人的热情,尤其是Pedro对她的照顾→永远无法忘记Pedro。
3.词汇激活:
行为类:
出现:appear/turn up/be present
显示:show/reveal
准备:prepare/arrange
情绪类:
恐慌:panic/scare/worry
担心:concern/worry/be anxious
善良:kindness/goodness
【点睛】【高分句型1】
When it got to the point where I was getting a lot worse due to extreme fever and flu symptoms, my friend panicked.(运用了where引导定语从句。)
【高分句型2】
There are not a lot of people who would care this much for a complete stranger.(运用了who引导定语从句。)
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