2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题七 考点09 动词的时态和语态（A卷）

这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题七 考点09 动词的时态和语态（A卷），共5页。试卷主要包含了填空，阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.A great deal f talking and listening that __________(ccur) under casual circumstance may seem t be aimless.
2.Either the Greek r the Australian __________(win) the bxing cmpetitin since last year.
3.Ladies and gentlemen, we _________(arrive) at Changzhu Statin, please get ready t get ff the train.
4.Last week I tk part in the Civil Service Admissin Examinatin, fr which I ________(prepare) fr nearly three mnths.
5.The wrld's elderly ppulatin will exceed that f children by 2060, when each grup ________(expect) t accunt fr abut ne fifth f the ppulatin.
6.When yu reach the ther end f the bridge, I ________(wait) right there t shw yu the way.
7.The sprts meeting ________________(held) in ur schl nw.
8.Everything he had _____(take) away frm him befre he returned t his hmetwn.
9.Traditinal flk arts f Tianjin like paper cutting __________(exhibit) at the culture shw f the Shanghai Wrld Exp.
10.The nine cal miners __________(trap) in the cal mine fr nearly 20 hurs befre we finally came t their rescue.
二、阅读理解
Half f the wrld's beaches culd disappear by 2100, a study published in the jurnal Nature Climate Change suggests.
Michalis Vusdukas, f the Eurpean Unin's Jint Research Center in Ispra, Italy, was the lead researchist. "Turist areas which have sandy beaches as their main selling pint will prbably face strng cnsequences," he said. Aside frm ecnmic value, beaches play an imprtant envirnmental rle. "Sandy beaches are imprtant habitats supprting a wide range f species. They als prtect the cast frm the effects f strms, s withut sandy beaches ther inland envirnments can be affected by the effects f waves and saltwater entering," Vusdukas added.
The main causes are rising sea-level and ersin (侵蚀)frm strms, the study says, which warned f the near-disappearance f almst half f the wrld's sandy beaches by the end f the century. Beaches in the United States will be "greatly affected"，as will shrelines in Canada, Mexic, China and Chile. In the U. S., beaches alng the East Cast and the Gulf Cast will experience the mst ersin.
Michalis Vusdukas and ther researchers used satellite images t track the way beaches have changed ver the past 30 years and patterned hw glbal warming might affect them in the future. They fund that West Africa will see sme f the wrst lsses, where mre than 60% f sandy castline may be lst in cuntries such as The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. Australia will als take a hit: when the ttal length f sandy beach prjected t be lst is analyzed, Australia wuld be hit the hardest, with mre than 7,000 miles at risk.
1.What mainly caused the disappearance f half f the wrld's beaches?
A. Over ppulatin and mre turism. B. Severe ersin and castline lsses.
C. Glbal warming and climate change. D. Sea-level rise and strm destructin.
2. Which cuntry pssibly lses mre than half f sandy castline accrding t the study?
A. Chile. B. The Gambia. C. Australia. D. The United States.
3.Why are beaches imprtant t wildlife?
A. They can prvide habitats fr species.B. They can blck ut waves and strms.
C. They can be ppular turist attractins.D. They can stp ersin frm happening.
4.What is the authr's purpse in writing this text?
A. T intrduce beaches. B. T make a cmparisn.
C. T prtect envirnment. D. T explain a study.
三、语法填空
A grup f cmputer engineers, all f ①______ were highly established in their careers, gt tgether t visit their ld university prfessr. Cnversatin sn turned int cmplaints abut stress in wrk and life.
Offering his guests cffee, the prfessr went t the kitchen and returned with ②____. large pt f cffee and a ③_____ (varius) f cups, sme rdinary-lking, sme expensive, sme fine. He tld his students t help ④_____ (them) t ht cffee. When all the students had a cup f cffee in their hands, the prfessr said: "If yu have nticed, all the nice-lking expensive cups ⑤___(take) up, leaving nly the plain and cheap lking nes. ⑥_____ it is nrmal fr yu t want nly the best fr yurselves, that is the surce f yur prblems and stress. ⑦____ yu really wanted was cffee, nt the cup, but yu cnsciusly went fr the best cups and ⑧_____ (bad) still, yu were eyeing each ther's cups."
"Nw if life is cffee, then the jbs, mney and psitin in sciety are the cups. They are just tls ⑨______ (hld) and cntain life, but the quality f life desn't change. Smetimes, by ⑩_____(cncentrate) nly n the cup, we fail t enjy the cffee in it. " S never let the cups drive yu, enjy the cffee instead.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：ccurs
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:在偶然的情况下发生的大量的交谈和倾听似乎是漫无目的的。本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语"A great deal f talking and listening"表示单数意义,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填ccurs。
2.答案：has wn
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:自去年以来,赢得拳击比赛的要么是希腊人要么是澳大利亚人。根据时间状语"since last year"可知，此处应用现在完成时；either ... r...意为"要么……要么……"，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则；根据"the Australian＂可知，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has wn。
3.答案：are arriving
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:女士们、先生们,我们即将到达常州站,请做好下车的准备。根据句意和arrive可知,此处应用现在进行时表示即将发生的事;又因主语是"we",谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are arriving。
4.答案：had prepared
解析： 考查动词的时态。句意为:上周我参加了公务员考试,为此我准备了将近三个月。根据句意可知,prepare这一动作发生在"tk part in"之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had prepared。
5.答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:到2060年,全球老年人口(的数量)将超过儿童人口(的数量),届时预计每个群体(的数量)将占全球人口的五分之一左右。根据句意可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;且主语"each grup"与动词expect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语"each grup"是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is expected。
6.答案：will be waiting
解析：考查动词的时态。句意为:当你到达桥的另一端时,我会在那里等着给你指路。when引导时间状语从句时,遵循"主将从现"原则,主句应用将来时;此处强调"那时我将在桥的另一端等你",表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作,应用将来进行时。故填will be waiting。
7.答案：is being held
解析：句意：现在我们学校正在举办运动会。结合句意和时间状语nw，同时分析主语The sprts meeting与动词hld的关系可知，此处应该用现在进行时的被动语态。
8.答案：had been taken
解析：句意为:回到家乡前,他所有的东西都被拿走了。Everything与take away之间是被动关系,且这一动作发生在returned之前,也就是"过去的过去",所以用过去完成时的被动语态,故填had been taken。
9.答案：were exhibited
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:上海世博会的文化展展示了像剪纸等天津的传统民间艺术。主语"Traditinal flk arts f Tianjin"是复数,谓语动词应用复数形式;且主语与exhibit之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;再结合句意可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,因此应用一般过去时。故填were exhibited。
10.答案：had been trapped
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意为:在我们最终来解救他们之前,这9名矿工已经在煤矿里被困了将近20个小时。根据句意可知,"trap"这个动作发生在"came t their rescue"之前,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时;且主语"The nine cal miners"与动词trap之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填had been trapped。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4 DBAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段中"The main causes are rising sea-level and ersin (侵蚀）frm strms, the study says, which warned f the near-disappearance f almst half f the wrld's sandy beaches by the end f the century. " (研究报告说，主要原因是海平面上升和风暴侵蚀，该研究警告说，到本世纪末，世界上近一半的沙滩将消失。）可知，沙滩消失的主要原因是海平面上升和风暴的侵蚀，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据最后一段中"They fund that West Africa will see sme f the wrst lsses, where mre than 60% f sandy castline may be lst in cuntries such as The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. "（他们发现，西非将出现一些损失最严重的地区，冈比亚和几内亚比绍等国可能会损失60%以上的沙质海岸线。）可知，Gambia和Guinea-Bissau等国家60%以上的海岸线可能会消失，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段中"Sandy beaches are imprtant habitats supprting a wide range f species."可知，沙滩是各种各样的物种提供栖息地，因此很重要，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段"Half f the wrld's beaches culd disappear by 2100"可知， 到2100年，世界上一半的海滩可能会消失；在第二段中"Sandy beaches are imprtant habitats supprting a wide range f species."(沙滩是一个重要的栖息地，支持各种各样的物种）介绍了海滩的重要性，因此可以推断出作者写本文的主要目的是引起人们的注意，共同保护环境，故选C。
三、语法填空
答案：1. whm2. a3. variety4. themselves5. were taken/have been taken6. While/Althugh/Thugh
7. What8. wrse9. t hld10. cncentrating
解析：
这是一篇记叙文。通过老教授请同学们喝咖啡的故事,说明人生道理:我们不能过度关注工作,钱财或职位,而要关注生活本身。
【小题1】考查关系代词。句意:一群计算机工程师聚在一起看望他们的大学教授,他们的职业生涯都很成功。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,从句缺少f的介词宾语,先行词是engineers。故填whm。
【小题2】考查冠词。句意:教授给客人端上咖加啡,走进厨房,拿着一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子回来,有些看起来普通,有些昂贵,有些精致。句中"large pt f cffee"一大壶咖加啡,pt是可数名词单数,前面需加冠词,large首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【小题3】考查名词。句意:教授给客人端上咖啡,走进厨房,拿着一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子回来,有些看起来普通,有些昂贵,有些精致。固定短语a variety f意为各种各样的"。故填variety。
【小题4】考查代词。句意:他告诉学生们自取热咖啡。根据句意,学生们自己给自己倒咖啡,help neself指自用,自取所需。故填themselves,
【小题5】考查时态语态。句意:如果你们注意到了,所有好看的昂贵杯子都被拿走了,只剩下那些看起来朴素的,便宜的杯子。分析句子可知,"拿走杯子"可以指是过去发生的事。也可以指过去发生的动作,导致现在只剩下便宜的,不好看的杯子,故可用一般过去时或现在完成时:主语是复数"cups"与谓语take up为被动关系,故填were taken或have been taken。
【小题6】考查连词。句意:虽然你只想要最好的东西是正常的,但这就是你问题和压力的来源。分析句子可知,本句是让步状语从句,空处应填尽管,虽然"。故填Thugh,Althughi或While。
【小题7】考查连接词。句意:你真正想要的是咖啡,而不是杯子,但你有意识地选择最好的杯子,更糟糕的是,你还町着对方的杯子。本句为主语从句,句中缺少wanted的动词宾语,故填What。
【小题8】考查形容词比较级。句意:你真正想要的是咖啡,而不是杯子,但你有意识地选择最好的杯子,更糟糕的是,你町着对方的杯子。根据句意可知,你们不应该选择最好的杯子,更糟糕的是,你町着对方的杯子,因此填bad的比较级。故填wrse。
【小题9】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们只是维持和容纳生活的工具,但生活质量不会改变。本句中hld与tls是主谓关系,因此用不定式作定语,"tls t hld and cntain life'意为"维持和容纳生活的工具"。故填t hld。
【小题10】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时,我们只专注于杯子,却无法享受其中的咖啡。句中cncentrate是动词,做介词by的宾语,应填ding形式。故填cncentrating。