2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十五 考点26 概要写作（B卷）

这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十五 考点26 概要写作（B卷），共8页。

Emtins are "the glue" that cnnects peple t ne anther. They are the fundatin f yur ability t understand yurself and relate t thers. When yu are aware f yur emtins, yu can manage stress and cmmunicate well with thers. Withut emtins and an awareness f them, it's impssible t build r maintain strng, healthy relatinships.
In rder t knw yur level f emtinal awareness, ask yurself the fllwing questins. If yu answer n, yu may need t wrk n raising yur emtinal awareness: Can yu tlerate strng feelings, such as anger and sadness? D yu feel yur emtins in yur bdy? Are yu cmfrtable with all f yur emtins? D yu pay attentin t yur emtins and use them t guide yur decisins?
Raising yur emtinal awareness begins with managing stress. The ability t quickly reduce stress allws yu t safely face strng emtins, secure in yur ability t regulate yur feelings and behave prperly. Als, the prcess f raising emtinal awareness invlves recnnecting all f the main emtins, including anger, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise, and jy. S get back in tuch with yur emtins and feelings. Anther key t raising emtinal awareness is practice. Like building muscles in a gym, yu wuldn't expect t be a bdybuilder after just five minutes. The mre cnsistently yu practice, the greater the changes yu'll experience in what yu feel, think, and d.
We are all brn with a capacity t freely experience the full range f human emtins — jy, anger, sadness, and fear. Yet many peple are trying t avid them rather than experience them. If yu avid emtins, yu will lse the gd, alng with the bad. Mrever, it's exhausting. Yu can change r turn a blind eye t yur emtins, but yu can't get rid f them entirely. It takes a lt f energy t avid having emtinal experiences and the effrt leaves yu exhausted. What's mre, it damages yur relatinships. The mre yu distance yurself frm yur feelings, the mre distant yu becme frm thers. Yu lse the ability t build strng relatinships and cmmunicate effectively, bth f which depend n being in tuch with yur emtins.
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2. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Will yur jb he dne by a rbt in the future? Bank f England ecnmists predict that almst half f all UK jbs are under threat f autmatin. Thse mst at risk invlve repetitive manual labur, such as factry psitins. But culd even the venerable prfessin f teaching sn have t cmpete against pwerful electrnic educatrs?
At first glance, teaching might seem t be unaffected t replacement by rbts. Teachers use a range f sft skills that machines find hard t replicate. They judge pupils' needs and adapt feedback accrdingly. They adapt materials t make them mre attractive and effective. And they prvide pastral care: lking ut fr students wh lag behind r disrupt the class.
Hwever, sme believe the future f educatin will be technlgical. In an interview with Business Insider magazine, futurist Thmas Frey predicts that by 2030 the largest cmpany n the Internet is ging t be an educatin-based cmpany that we haven't heard f yet.
He thinks that "bts"—nline rbt teachers—will make educatin s efficient that students will be able t cmpress an entire undergraduate degree int six mnths f learning. "A ht learns what yur 'interests' and 'reference pints' are, and it figures ut hw t teach yu in a faster and faster way ver time," accrding t Frey.
Whether r nt such incredible speeds will be reached, ver the last decade there has been a huge increase in nline learning platfrms. Cmpanies such as Udemy and Khan Academy prduce curses that allw millins t learn at hme fr free at their wn pace. But there are limitatins. Withut the face-t-face stimulatin f a classrm envirnment, the verwhelming majrity f students fail t cmplete nline curses. Hw t sustain mtivatin t learn is ne mre skill that nline teachers will need t master. Indeed, Frey admits there is sme way t g, "Nbdy has quite cracked the cde fr the future f educatin." What d teachers themselves think abut this? Prfessr Dnald Clark frm Derby University in the UK thinks that we shuld welcme change, even thugh peple will lse their jbs.
"Artificial intelligence will destry jbs, s why nt use it fr a scial gd such as learning?" he asked.
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3. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many peple think that listening is a passive business. It is just the ppsite. Listening well is an active exercise f ur attentin and hard wrk. It is because they d nt realize this, r because they are nt willing t d the wrk, that mst peple d nt listen well.
Listening well als requires ttal cncentratin upn smene else. An essential part f listening well is the rule knwn as "bracketing". Bracketing includes the temprary giving up r setting aside f yur wn prejudices and desires, t experience as far as pssible smene else's wrld frm the inside, stepping int his r her shes. Mrever, since listening well invlves bracketing, it als invlves a temprary acceptance f the ther persn. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing t pen up the inner part f his r her mind t the listener. True cmmunicatin is under way and the energy required fr listening well is s great that it can be accmplished nly by the will t extend neself fr mutual grwth.
Mst f the time we lack this energy. Even thugh we may feel in ur business dealings r scial relatinships that we are listening well, what we are usually ding is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wnder, as we listen, hw we can achieve certain desired results t get the cnversatin ver as quickly as pssible r redirected in ways mre satisfactry t us. Many f us are far mre interested in talking than in listening, r we simply refuse t listen t what we dn't want t hear.
It wasn't until tward the end f my dctr career that I have fund the knwledge that ne is being truly listened t is frequently therapeutic(有效的). In abut a quarter f the patients I saw, surprising imprvement was shwn during the first few mnths f psychtherapy (心理疗法), befre any f the rts f prblems had been uncvered r explained. There are several reasns fr this phenmenn, but chief amng them, I believe, was the patient's sense that he r she was being truly listened t, ften fr the first time in years, and fr sme, perhaps fr the first time ever.
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4. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It was the ld lady's birthday. She gt up early t be ready fr the pst. Frm the secnd flr flat she culd see the pstman when he came, and the little by frm the grund flr brught up her letters n rare ccasins when anything came.
Tday she was sure there wuld be smething. Myra wuldn't frget her mther's birthday, even if she seldm wrte at ther times. Of curse Myra was busy, and she herself had gt a medal fr her wrk fr the aged. The ld lady was prud f Myra. And Myra had been t see her mther three times since tw years ag.
The ld lady was eighty tday. She had put n her best dress. Perhaps Myra might cme. After all, eighty was a special birthday. Even if Myra did nt cme, she wuld send a present. She was excited, like a child.
Mrs Mrrisn had cleaned the flat, and she had brught a bunch f flwers when she came t d the breakfast. Mrs Grant dwnstairs had made a cake. Little Jhnnie had been up with a packet f mints, and said he wuldn't g ut t play until the pst had cme.
"I guess yu'll get lts f presents," he said.
What wuld it be? A pair f slippers, a table lamp, r a travel bk? She std by the windw, watching. The pstman turned rund the cmer n his bicycle. Her heart beat fast.
Jhnnie kncked at her dr. "Granny, granny." He shuted, "I have gt yur pst.''
He gave her fur envelpes. Three were unsealed cards frm ld friends. The furth was sealed, in Myra's writing. The ld lady felt a sudden feeling f disappintment.
Almst reluctantly she tre the envelpe pen. Flded in the card was a piece f paper. Written n the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday—Buy yurself smething nice with the cheque, Myra.
The cheque drpped t the flr like a bird with a brken wing. Slwly the ld lady picked it up. With trembling fingers she tre it int pieces.
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5. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It is quite reasnable t blame traffic jams, the cst f gas and the great speed f mdern life, but manners n the rad are becming hrrible. Everybdy knws that the nicest men wuld becme fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right t have a tiger in a cage, but t have ne in the driver's seat is anther matter.
Rad pliteness is nt nly gd manners, but gd sense t. It takes the mst cl-headed drivers great patience t give up the desire t beat back when frced t face rude driving. On the ther hand, a little pliteness ges a lng way twards reducing the pssibility f quarreling and fighting. A friendly nd r a wave f thanks in answer t an act f pliteness helps t create an atmsphere f gd will and becmes s necessary in mdem traffic cnditins. But such behavirs f pliteness are by n means enugh. Many drivers nwadays dn't even seem able t recgnize pliteness when they see it.
Hwever, misplaced pliteness can als be dangerus. Typical examples are the driver wh waves a child crssing the street at a wrng place int the path f ncming cars that may nt be able t stp in time. The same ges fr encuraging ld ladies t crss the rad wherever and whenever they want t.
An experienced driver, whse manners are faultless, tld me it wuld help if drivers learned t crrectly jin in traffic stream withut causing ttal blckages that give rise t unpleasant feelings. Unfrtunately, mdern drivers can't even learn t drive, let alne master the radmanship. Years ag, experts warmed us that the fast increase f the car wnership wuld demand mre give-and-take (互让) frm all rad users. It is high time fr all f us t take this message t heart.
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6. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Smetimes peple cmplain that getting t wrk in a big city is n easy matter, just like the ppular saying ges, "Taking a bus is t crwded, getting a taxi is t expensive, buying a car is nt practical." It seems that traffic jams and cities g hand in hand. Everyne cmplains abut being stuck in traffic; hwever, like the weather, n ne seems t d anything abut it. Needless t say, traffic jam ccurs where there are lts f peple but limited spaces. Hwever, there are indeed sme things yu can d t reduce the time yu spend in traffic jams.
Fr example, the highway is nt always the fastest way t get frm Pint A t Pint B. Research the area and check nline maps t see if yu can find a shrter rute t wrk, which usually flws mre smthly during rush hur and can help reduce much f yur driving time. Frm the abve yu may knw that alternative rute is f great imprtance.
Let's take anther example. Mst f the ppulatin wrks frm 8 am t 5 pm, which means that the majrity f traffic jams happen arund 7 am and 6 pm. S if yu want t avid a traffic jam, talk t yur manager abut arriving at the ffice earlier and leaving earlier. If sme f us and cmpanies can d like this, the cnditins f heavy traffic can be changed in a way.
Finally, yu can take gymnastics, dance r yga classes after wrk t avid traffic jams. Actually, there are many reasns fr us t take exercise classes and t the gym, instead f shpping and entertaining friends after wrk. This is a clever slutin that can als help peple imprve their health and meet thers with similar interests.
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7. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Althugh being famus might sund like a dream cme true, tday's stars, feeling like z animals, face pressures that few f us can imagine. They are at the center f much f the wrld's attentin. Paparazzi(狗仔队)camp utside their hmes, cameras ready. Tablids (小报) publish thrilling stries abut their persnal lives. Just imagine nt being able t d anything withut being phtgraphed r interrupted fr a signature.
Accrding t the psychlgists, celebrities(名人) wrry cnstantly abut their public appearance. Eventually, they start t lse track f wh they really are, seeing themselves the way fans imagine them, nt as the peple they were befre everyne knew their names. Over time, they feel separated and alne.
The phenmenn f tracking celebrities has been arund fr ages. In the 4th century BC, painters fllwed Alexander the Great int battle, hping t picture his victries fr his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sld-ut readings attracted thusands f fans, leading him t cmplain abut his lack f privacy. Tablids f the 1920s and 1930s ran articles abut film-stars in much the same way that mdern tablids and websites d.
Being a public figure tday, hwever, is a lt mre difficult than it used t be. Superstars cannt mve abut withut wrrying abut phtgraphers with mdem cameras. When they say smething silly r d smething ridiculus, there is always the Internet t spread the news in minutes and keep their "stry" alive frever.
If fame is s trublesme, why aren't all celebrities running away frm it? The answer is there are still ways t deal with it. Sme stars stay calm by surrunding themselves with trusted friends and family r by escaping t remte places away frm big cities. They fcus nt n hw famus they are but n what they lve t d r whatever made them famus in the first place. With these effective appraches, sme celebrities relieve the stress and remain ppular with fans. Cnsequently, thugh being famus is driving sme stars crazy, sme wise nes enjy what reputatin brings them.
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8. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Ppulatin Change f Eurpean Birds
The breeding bird ppulatins in Eurpe have seen a great shift ver the past three decades, driven by bth climate crisis and human interferences, accrding t ne f the wrld's largest citizen science prjects n bidiversity.
Overall, 35% f birds increased their breeding range. Dr. Iván Ramírez, senir head f cnservatin at BirdLife Eurpe and central Asia, said: "Thse birds that have been legally prtected have been ding better than thse which are nt prtected. This is a really imprtant message within the Eurpean Unin. We have ne f the ldest plicies – the Birds Directive – and we can prve that it wrks."
In additin, as the climate warms, frests are stretching int nrthern and agricultural regins. In parts f nrthern Eurpe, there has als been tree planting (mainly fr wd and paper) and land abandnment (specifically in Mediterranean areas), which benefited many wdland species such as wdpeckers and warblers but caused damage t a number f ther species as well. The research shws a ttal f 25% f birds nw ccupy a smaller area.
Generally, farmland birds are bigger lsers, suffering verall declines in ppulatin and reduced distributin because agricultural intensificatin means there is less fd, such as insects and remainder frm harvesting. The State f Nature in the EU 2013-2018 assessment shwed 80% f key habitats were in pr r bad cnditin, and intensive farming is a majr driver f decline. The UK's farmland birds have declined by 55% since 1970.
"Predictably, there are winners and lsers. We can see hw sme species have expanded acrss the cntinent rapidly and have begun t clnize UK wetlands. In cntrast, we can see ranges shrinking as species f nrthern Eurpe feel the impact f climate change, and species such as the dtterel are declining in numbers and range in nrthern Britain," he said.
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答案以及解析
1.答案：
Emtins refer t the basic ability t knw yurself and ther peple. T test whether yu need t raise yur emtinal awareness, yu can ask yurself sme questins. If yu need t raise it, first manage stress and then insist n practicing. Yu shuldn't avid emtins because if s, the gd emtins will be lst, yu'll feel exhausted and it will be harmful t yur relatinships t.
2.答案：
The article intrduces the pssibility f a rbt teacher in the future. As rbts may replace humans in factries, it is pssible that teaching will be dne by rbts. Teachers use sft skills such as feedbacks and persnal care in classrms. Hwever, nline rbt teachers will knw a learner's weakness and strengths, s they prvide efficient teaching. Cmpanies like Udemy and Khan Academy prvide free curses nline but students lack mtivatin t finish their lessns. Anyway, AI is welcmed l d gd l learning.
3.答案：
Cntrary t cmmn belief, listening well is an active prcess calling fr fcus and effrt. Bracketing, a principle t fllw in listening well, means listening with empathy and acceptance. Hwever, few can becme gd listeners because they are smewhat self-centered and tend t listen purpsefully. Based n the previus medical practice, the authr thinks that dctrs' attentive listening may aid patients' recvery.
4.答案：
The ld lady was very excited n her 80th birthday, because she was sure that her daughter wuld cme fr a visit r send a parcel t her. S the ld lady waited eagerly fr the pstman. But what her daughter sent was nt a present but a printed card with a cheque. The ld lady felt s disappinted that she lre up the cheque.
5.答案：
Drivers tend t have hrrible rad manners while driving. Rad pliteness requires patience t calm dwn and helps create a harmnius atmsphere, which is necessary but ignred by many drivers. Yet misplaced pliteness can smetimes put sme rad users wh aren't fllwing traffic rules in danger. With the increasing number f cars, rad pliteness shuld be remembered by all rad users.
6.答案：
Peple in big cities frequently meet the prblem f traffic jams. The authr prpses three suggestins t help us better cpe with the matter. Peple ught t make use f nline maps that are riginally devised fr finding a shrtcut. Negtiatin between cmpanies and staff cncerning wrking time is recmmended. Peple are encuraged t d smething beneficial like exercise t avid the jam.
7.答案：
Living in the public gaze, stars suffer frm great pressure. What's wrse, anxiety ver their public appearance rbs them f the bjective self-image, which leads t the feeling f islatin in the lng term. Thugh being tracked has been a headache t celebrities fr centuries, mdern cameras and the Internet make it harder t be famus nwadays. Hwever, by dealing with the stress wisely, stars still can stay ppular and happy.
8.答案：
Eurpean bird ppulatins have changed dramatically due t climate change and human interventin. Over ne-third f birds have expanded breeding range, especially thse legally prtected. Glbal warming enables frests t expand further, benefiting wdland inhabitants. Hwever, intensive farming and climate change caused reduced number and range f sme bird species, farmland birds in particular.