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2022-2023学年广东省汕尾市陆丰市名校高二上学期11月月考二英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省汕尾市陆丰市名校高二上学期11月月考二英语试题（解析版），文件包含2022-2023学年度高二英语期中考试卷解析版docx、2022-2023学年度高二英语期中考试卷docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
满分:120 分 时间:120分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分,满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
China’s lng histry has seen many scientists making great cntributins t the develpment f ancient China and even the wrld. We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hpe t help yu learn mre abut Chinese science and technlgy.
Zhang Zhngjing (150-219) was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). He funded medicatin principles and summarized the medicinal experience befre his time. His famus wrk “ Shang Han Za Bing Lun ” had a majr influence n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine. Tday, this great bk was still cnsidered very imprtant in the practice f Chinese medicine.
Li Dayuan (AD 427 r 469-527) was a great Chinese gegrapher during the Nrthern Wei Dynasty (386-534). He wrte the famus wrk “ Cmmentary t the River Classic ” (Shui Jing Zhu). The bk is a great wrk n the ancient gegraphy f China and it sums up China’s gegraphy and its surrunding areas befre Nrthern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simia was an utstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He was called “ China’s King f Medicine ” fr his imprtant cntributins t Chinese traditinal medicine. Sun authred tw bks — “Qian Jin Ya Fang” and “Qian Jin Yi Fang” that were bth landmarks in Chinese medicine histry.
Shen Ku was a great Chinese scientist and plitician f the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). He cmpiled (汇编) an scientific wrk “Dream Pl Essays”, which invlves a lt descriptins abut the animals and plants in the cuntry. Shen als first described the magnetic needle cmpass, which wuld be used fr navigatin (航行). His discvery f cncept f true nrth twards the nrth ple was fur hundred years earlier than Eurpe.
1．The passage is mainly written t ________ .
A．encurage readers t learn frm these great scientists
B．explain what cntributes t the develpment f ancient China
C．braden readers’ hrizns n Chinese science and technlgy
D．intrduce the great medical cntributins Chinese scientists made
2．Whse wrk had a great effect n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine?
A．Zhang Zhngjing’sB．Li Dayuan’sC．Sun Simia’sD．Shen Ku’s
3．What d we knw abut Shen Ku?
A．He was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty.
B．He wrked n the ancient gegraphy f China.
C．He was regarded as “China’s King f Medicine”.
D．He described the animals and plants a lt in his wrk.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了四位伟大的中国科学家。
1．细节理解题。由文章第一段“We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hpe t help yu learn mre abut Chinese science and technlgy.(我们精选了几位中国古代最伟大的科学家，希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术)”可知，写这篇文章的主要目的是希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。由文章Zhang Zhngjing部分的“His famus wrk Shang han za bing lun had a majr influence n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine.(他的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响)”可知，张仲景的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。由Shen Ku部分的“He cmpiled (汇编) an scientific wrk Dream Pl Essays , which invlves a lt descriptins abut the animals and plants in the cuntry.(他编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述)”可知，沈括编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述。故选D项。
B
“The msquitfish is ne f the 100 wrld’s wrst invasive (侵入的) species, and present methds t kill it are t expensive. It will take t much time t successfully cntrl the spread f the msquitfish,” says Givanni Plverin. “This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water. Instead f killing them ne by ne, we’re presenting an apprach that can infrm better strategies t cntrl this glbal pest. We made their wrst nightmare becme real: a rbt that scares the msquitfish but nt the ther animals arund it.”
In the presence f the rbtic fish, msquitfish wuld stay clser t each ther and spend mre time at the center f the testing area. They were unwilling t swim t unknwn waters. They als swam mre crazily, with frequent and sharp turns, than thse wh haven’t met the rbt. They swam away frm the rbt and back t their living area. The influence f fear lasted. The scared fish were less active, ate mre, and frze lnger, presenting signs f anxiety that cntinued weeks after their last encunter (相遇) with the rbt.
Fr the tadples (蝌蚪) the msquitfish usually hunt fr fd, the rbt’s presence was a change fr the better. Tadples have pr eyesight. They dn’t see the rbt well. Because the rbt changed the behavir f the msquitfish, the tadples didn’t have predatrs (捕食者) at their tails anymre and they were mre willing t explre in the testing area. “It turned ut t be a psitive thing fr tadples. Once freed frm the danger f having msquitfish arund, they were nt scared anymre. They’re happy.”
After five weeks f brief encunters between the msquitfish and the rbt, the team fund that the fish spent mre energy twards escaping than reprducing. Male fish’s bdies became thin.
“While successful at preventing msquitfish, the lab-grwn rbtic fish is nt ready t be put int the wild,” says Maurizi Prfiri. The team will still have t vercme technical challenges.
4．What d we knw abut msquitfish?
A．It is the mst dangerus species.
B．It csts t much mney t feed.
C．It is difficult t be seen by peple.
D．It is harmful t many animals in water.
5．What’s the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The msquitfish’s living area.
B．The uses f the msquitfish.
C．The msquitfish’s reactin t the rbtic fish.
D．The encunter between msquitfish and tadples.
6．What's the benefit f the rbtic fish’s presence fr the tadples?
A．They had better behavir.
B．They had n mre killers.
C．They were mre adventurus.
D．They culd see the rbt clearly.
7．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Rbts Use Fear T Fight Invasive Fish
B．Msquitfish Are The Mst Dangerus Animals
C．Invasive Fish Are Spreading All Over The Wrld
D．Rbts Fish Are Hunting And Killing Msquitfish
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。食蚊鱼是世界上100种最严重的入侵物种之一，目前杀死它的方法太昂贵了。所以人们想到更好的策略来控制这种全球害虫，利用机器人，机器人可以吓到食蚊鱼，但不会吓到它周围的其它动物。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water.”（这种全球性害虫对许多生活在水中的动物构成严重威胁）由此可知，食蚊鱼对水中的许多动物是有害的。故选D项。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the presence f the rbtic fish, msquitfish wuld stay clser t each ther and spend mre time at the center f the testing area. They were unwilling t swim t unknwn waters. They als swam mre crazily, with frequent and sharp turns, than thse wh haven’t met the rbt. They swam away frm the rbt and back t their living area. The influence f fear lasted. The scared fish were less active, ate mre, and frze lnger, presenting signs f anxiety that cntinued weeks after their last encunter with the rbt.”（在机器鱼在场的情况下，食蚊鱼会相互靠近，并在测试区的中心花费更多时间。它们不愿意游到未知的水域。与那些没有遇到机器人的人相比，它们游得更疯狂，转弯频繁而急。它们游离机器人，回到它们的生活区。恐惧的影响持续了。受惊吓的鱼不太活跃，吃得更多，不动的时间更长，表现出焦虑的迹象，这种焦虑在它们最后一次遇到机器人后持续了几周。）由此可知，第二段主要是关于食蚊鱼对机器鱼的反应。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Because the rbt changed the behavir f the msquitfish, the tadples didn't have predatrs (捕食者) at their tails anymre and they were mre willing t explre in the testing area.”（因为机器人改变了食蚊鱼的行为，蝌蚪的尾巴不再有捕食者，它们更愿意在测试区探索）由此可知，机器鱼的出现对蝌蚪的好处是蝌蚪更喜欢冒险了。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water. Instead f killing them ne by ne, we’re presenting an apprach that can infrm better strategies t cntrl this glbal pest. We made their wrst nightmare becme real: a rbt that scares the msquitfish but nt the ther animals arund it.”（这种全球害虫对许多生活在水中的动物构成了严重威胁。我们没有逐一杀死它们，而是提出了一种方法，可以为控制这种全球害虫提供更好的策略。我们让它们最糟糕的噩梦变成了现实：一个机器人会吓唬食蚊鱼，但不会吓唬周围的其他动物）由此可知短文的最佳标题为“机器人利用恐惧对抗入侵鱼类”。故选A项。
C
Recently, the magazine Big Think asked tp minds frm a variety f fields t cmment n what the future hlds 40 years frm nw. The result is as fllws.
It’s likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban (城市的) areas, and will have a much higher average age than peple tday. Cities therist Richard Flrida thinks urbanizatin will reinvent the educatin system f the United States, making ur ecnmy less real estate (房地产) driven and erasing(消除) the divisins between hme and wrk.
And rapidly advancing technlgy will cntinue ever mre rapidly. Cities f the future wn’t lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it’s likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live. Self-driving cars will make the rads safer and prvide faster transprts. A larger versin f driverless cars－driverless trucks － may make lng-distance drivers ut f date.
Sme lng view predictins are cmpletely dire. Envirnmentalist Bill McKibben says that if we dn’t make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it’s likely we culd see ut-f-cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls, and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.
In terms f hw we will eat, green markets funder and “real fd” supprter Nina Planck believes that there will be mre small milk prcessing plants, and mre reginal fd peratins and we’ll be healthier as a result. New Yrk Times feature writer Mark Bittman thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds, and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. And Ansn Mills farmer Glenn Rberts thinks that mre peple will be aware f the “ethical(道德的) respnsibility” t grw and preserve land-raised farm systems.
8．What may happen by 2050?
A．Mst peple will live in cities.B．The aging ppulatin will drp.
C．Hme educatin will becme a trend.D．The ecnmy will be driven by real estate.
9．What d we knw abut technlgy in the future?
A．It will give cities a science-fictin appearance.
B．It will greatly change the way peple live.
C．It will lead t an increase in the number f cars.
D．It will ensure faster transprts with fast cars.
10．What des the underlined wrd “dire” in the furth paragraph mean?
A．Interesting.B．Daring.C．Terrible.D．Creative.
11．What des Mark Bittman think f fds in the future?
A．Peple will eat healthier and fresher fds.
B．Land-raised farm systems will be imprved.
C．There will be mre reginal fd peratins.
D．Fd supplies will becme mre limited than befre.
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道杂志Big Think就40年后的世界会如何这一话题，邀请了各行各业的精英人士发表评论。并展示了评论内容。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It’s likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban (城市的) areas, (到2050年，世界上大多数人可能会生活在城市地区)”可知，2050年大多数人将住在城镇地区。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cities f the future wn’t lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it’s likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live.(虽然将来的城市不会像科幻小说幻想的那样，但技术的进步和信息覆盖会极大地改变我们的生活)”可知，在未来科技会改变我们生活的方式。故选B项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Envirnmentalist Bill McKibben says that if we dn’t make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it’s likely we culd see ut-f-cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls, and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.(环境学家的推测：如果我们不加快与温室效应斗争，海平面上升可能会失控，粮食严重不足，因缺乏淡水资源导致的战争等问题都可能出现)”可知，这是对将来世界不好一面的推测。由此猜测dire意为“糟糕的”，与terrible同义。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“New Yrk Times feature writer Mark Bittman thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds, and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. 《纽约时报》特写作家Mark Bittman认为，人们会少吃加工食品，吃离他们住的地方更近的食物)”推知，Mark Bittman认为未来人们将会吃更健康和新鲜的食物。故选A项。
第二节：共5小题，每小题2.5，共12.5分。
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is the nature f the scientific attitude, the attitude f the man r wman wh studies and applies physics, bilgy, chemistry, gelgy, engineering, medicine r any ther science?We all knw that science plays an imprtant rle in the scieties in which we live. ____12____
The first f these is the applicatin f the machines, prducts and systems f applied knwledge that scientists and technlgists develp. Thrugh technlgy, science imprves the structure f sciety and helps man t gain increasing cntrl ver his envirnment.
The secnd aspect is the applicatin by all members f sciety f the special methds f thught and actin that scientists use in their wrk. What are these special methds f thinking and acting?
____13____ —he wants t find ut hw and why the universe wrks. He usually directs his attentin twards prblems which he ntices have n satisfactry explanatin, and his curisity makes him lk fr underlying relatinships even if the data available seem t be uncnnected.
Mrever, he thinks he can imprve the existing cnditins and enjys trying t slve the prblems which this invlves. He is a gd bserver, accurate, patient and bjective and applies lgical thught t the bservatins he makes. ____14____ Fr example, trained bservers btain a very large amunt f infrmatin abut a star mainly frm the accurate analysis f the simple lines that appear in a spectrum. He is skeptical—he des nt accept statements which are nt based n the mst cmplete evidence available—and therefre rejects authrity as the sle basis fr truth. ____15____
Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he ften has t lk fr relatinships in data which are nt nly cmplex but als frequently incmplete. ____16____
These seem t be sme f the ways in which a successful scientist r technlgist thinks and acts.
A．First f all, it seems that a successful scientist is full f curisity
B．T begin with, he is nt nly critical f the wrk f thers, but als f his wn
C．Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and bjectively t verify them.
D．Furthermre, he needs imaginatin if he wants t make hyptheses f hw prcesses wrk and hw events take place.
E．He knws that man is the least reliable f scientific instruments and that a number f factrs tend t disturb bjective investigatin.
F．He uses the facts he bserves t the fullest extent.
G．Many peple believe, hwever, that ur prgress depends n tw different aspects f science.
【答案】12．G 13．A 14．F 15．C 16．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科学态度的本质及科学家的思考和行动方法。
12．根据下文的“The first f these is…(第一方面是……)”及“The secnd aspect is…(第二方面是……)”可知，G项“然而，许多人认为我们的进步取决于科学的两个不同方面”引起下文，与上文“We all knw that science plays an imprtant rle in the scieties in which we live. (我们都知道，科学在我们所生活的社会中扮演着重要的角色。)”是转折关系。故选G项。
13．上段末尾“What are these special methds f thinking and acting?( 这些特殊的思考和行动方法是什么？)”提出一个问题：科学家在工作中使用的特殊的思考和行动方法是什么？结合下文“he wants t find ut hw and why the universe wrks(他想知道宇宙是如何运作的，以及为什么会这样)”可知，A项“首先，一个成功的科学家似乎都充满了好奇心”符合语境，因此破折号后的具体解释。故选A项。
14．根据空前“He is a gd bserver, accurate, patient and bjective and applies lgical thught t the bservatins he makes.(他是一个优秀的观察者，准确、耐心和客观，并将逻辑思维应用于他所做的观察)”及空后的举例“Fr example, trained bservers btain a very large amunt f infrmatin abut a star mainly frm the accurate analysis f the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.(例如，训练有素的观测者主要通过对光谱中出现的简单线条的准确分析来获得关于一颗恒星的大量信息)”可知，F项“他最大限度地利用他所观察到的事实”符合语境，下文举例说明。故选F项。
15．根据空前“He is skeptical—he des nt accept statements which are nt based n the mst cmplete evidence available—and therefre rejects authrity as the sle basis fr truth.(他是怀疑论者——他不接受那些没有以最完整的证据为基础的陈述——因此拒绝把权威作为真理的唯一基础)”可知，科学家是怀疑论者，C项“科学家总是检查各种说法，认真客观地做实验来验证它们”符合语境。故选C项。
16．根据空前“Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he ften has t lk fr relatinships in data which are nt nly cmplex but als frequently incmplete.(最后，他的想象力非常丰富，因为他经常要在复杂而且往往不完整的数据中寻找关系)”可知，科学家的想象力丰富，D项“此外，如果他想对过程如何运作和事件如何发生作出假设，他就需要想象力”符合语境。故选D项。
第三部分：语言运用（共三部分，满分40分）
第一节：完形填空。共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。
Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics, but she is ____17____ as the first wmen’s luge(无舵雪橇)Olympian frm Ireland. She was the 26th t ____18____ the line in the first run f the wmen’s race n Mnday night, ____19____ than nne f the ther athletes. Hwever, that did nt ____20____ t her and she celebrated with a large smile n her face.
Althugh she will nt win in Beijing, she has already wn sme ____21____ . She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start ____22____ at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a(n) ____23____ jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest ____24____ simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin. S, she ____25____ ne herself; she had t self-fund.
Nw, ____26____ , she is a luge Olympian. “I’m a dctr in general surgery, I have all these really ____27____ challenges, but I think everyne has wrked as hard as they can t be here. ”She is expected t return t wrk n this Friday because she was given sme time ____28____ t cmpete in the Olympics, and nw she has ____29____ parts f her jb.
Desmnd has t balance these tw ____30____ jbs—sliding a few mnths ut f the year and living a life in medicine. There was a(n) ____31____ last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying. “I had t stick signs n my dr saying ‘D nt disturb, exam in ____32____ , in abut six different ____33____ .”
Desmnd gt the hnr f ____34____ her cuntry in Beijing, and being ne f tw peple ____35____ Ireland’s flag during the pening ceremny n Friday. “I dn’t think I can ____36____ wrds hw excited I was t lead ut the team. I really hpe that I make my cuntry prud.”
17．A．visitingB．studyingC．leadingD．cmpeting
18．A．breakB．crssC．fllwD．draw
19．A．slwerB．lwerC．fasterD．higher
20．A．upsetB．respndC．happenD．matter
21．A．ptentialsB．challengesC．peratinsD．alternatives
22．A．swimmingB．slidingC．sailingD．running
23．A．financialB．athleticC．medicalD．educatinal
24．A．expectatinB．achievementC．difficultyD．pleasure
25．A．startedB．stppedC．cntinuedD．jined
26．A．privatelyB．traditinallyC．similarlyD．fficially
27．A．visibleB．imaginaryC．absurdD．dangerus
28．A．ffB．upC．utD．away
29．A．ruinedB．exceededC．cveredD．delayed
30．A．frustratingB．rewardingC．demandingD．embarrassing
31．A．interviewB．timeC．vacatinD．chance
32．A．peaceB．needC．prgressD．public
33．A．charactersB．apprachesC．stylesD．languages
34．A．investigatingB．preservingC．strengtheningD．representing
35．A．hldingB．raisingC．preparingD．string
36．A．set dwnB．put intC．pick upD．get thrugh
【答案】
17．D 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．D 35．A 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了克服了种种困难，最终才能参加冬奥会的一名普外科医生Elsa Desmnd以爱尔兰的第一名无舵雪橇奥运女选手的身份参加了北京冬奥会，尽管在第一场角逐中就已经排在第26位，但是她依旧满心欢喜。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elsa Desmnd知道她不会在北京冬奥会上赢得奖牌，但她作为第一位来自爱尔兰的女子无舵雪橇奥运选手参加了北京冬奥会。A. visiting拜访，游览；B. studying学习 ；C. leading领导；D. cmpeting参赛。根据本句“Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，她是来参加冬奥会的。故选D。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在周一晚上的第一轮女子比赛中，她是第26个冲过终点线的运动员，比其他任何运动员都慢。A. break打破；B. crss越过；C. fllw眼随；D. draw吸引。根据下文“Hwever, that did nt upset t her”可知，前后为对照关系，说明Elsa比赛成绩落后于任何其他选手，但是冲过终点线，排名第26。故选B。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在周一晚上的第一轮女子比赛中，她是第26个冲过终点线的运动员，没有比其他任何运动员都快。A. slwer更慢的；B. lwer更低的；C. faster更快的；D. higher更简高的。根据本句“She was the 26th t crss the line”可知，她比别的选手滑得慢，也就是没有比他们中任更何人快。故选C。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这对她来说并不重要，她脸上挂着灿烂的微笑庆祝。A. upset失落；B. respnd回应；C. happen发生；D. matter起作用，要紧。根据本句“She celebrated with a large smile n her face.”可知，尽管比赛成绩不如别人，她还是满怀喜悦地庆祝，可知她第26的名次对她来说并不重要。故选D。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她不会在北京获胜，但她已经战胜了一些挑战。A. ptentials潜力；B. challenges挑战；C. peratin操作，手术；D. alternatives选择。根据下文的“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start sliding at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a medical jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，她在此之前，面临并且克服了很多的困难挑战，才得以最终参加冬奥会。故选B。
22．查动词词义辨析。句意：人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由：她太矮了，她不是从小就开始滑雪橇的，她无法在医疗工作和参加体育比赛之间取得平衡。A. swimming游泳；B. sliding滑；C. sailing航行；D. running跑步。从上文“Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics, but she is cmpeting as the first wmen’s luge(无舵雪橇) Olympian frm Ireland.”可知，Elsa Desmnd参加的奥运项是无舵滑雪。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由：她太矮了，她不是从小就开始滑雪橇的，她无法在医疗工作和参加体育比赛之间取得平衡。A. financial经济的；B. athletic运动的；C. medical医疗的；D. educatinal教育的。根据后文“I’m a dctr in general surgery.”可知，她是从事医学方面的工作。故选C。
24．考查名词词词义辨析。句意：最大的困难可能是爱尔兰没有雪橇组织。A. expectatin期待；B. achievement成绩；C. difficulty困难；D. pleasure高兴。根据上文“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete”可知，人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由和困难。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，她自己创办了一家雪橇组织，她不得不自筹资金。A. started创立；B. stpped停止；C. cntinued继续；D. jined加入。上文中“The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，因为爱尔兰没有此类组织，只能她自己创办。故选A。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，她正式地成为奥运会无舵雪橇选手。A. privately私下地；B. traditinally传统上地；C. similarly相似地；D. fficially正式地，官方地。根据下文“Desmnd gt the hnr f representing her cuntry in Beijing,”可知，她在北京代表她的国家，因此她是爱尔兰的正式的奥运选手。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一名普通外科医生，我有所有这些显而易见的挑战，但我认为每个人都尽了最大努力才来到这里。A. visible显而易见的；B. imaginary想象的；C. absurd荒谬的；D. dangerus危险的。根据上文“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start sliding at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a medical jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，挑战显而易见。故选A。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她预计将于本周五返回工作岗位，因为她离开一段时间去参加奥运会，现在她已经推迟了部分工作。A. ff离开；B. up向上；C. ut出去；D. away远离。根据句意可知，她为了参加奥运会比赛推迟了部分医务工作可知，医院给了她离开的时间，才使她可以去参加冬奥会。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她预计将于本周五返回工作岗位，因为她离开一段时间去参加奥运会，现在她已经推迟了部分工作。A.ruined毁坏；B. exceeded超过；C．cvered覆盖；D．delayed推迟。根据本句“She is expected t return t wrk n this Friday”可知，她是推迟了工作来参赛的。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd必须在这两份要求很高的工作之间找到平衡——一年中抽出几个月的时间来滑雪，同时又要从事医学研究。A. frustrating令人沮丧的；B. rewarding值得的；C. demanding要求高的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文“There was a time last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying.”可知，Desmnd既要抽时间滑雪又要要从事医学研究。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上一季有一段时间，她不得不在德国的酒店里接受重要的体检，而来自不同国家的滑雪者们也住在那里。A. interview采访；B.time时间；C. vacatin假期；D. chance机会。固定句型there was a time when... “曾经有一段时间……”。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不得不在门上贴标语，用六种语言写着‘请勿打扰，考试正在进行中’。” 。A. peace和平；B. need需要；C. prgress进展；D. public公众。根据“D nt disturb”可知，考试在进行中，请不要打扰。in prgress意为“进行中”。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不得不在门上贴标语，用六种语言写着‘请勿打扰，考试正在进行中’。” 。Desmnd获得了代表爱尔兰参加北京奥运会的荣誉，并成为周五开幕式上两名持爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. characters特点；B. appraches方法；C.styles风格；D. languages语言。根据前文“There was a time last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying.”可知，来自不同国家的人都住在这个酒店，所以是用不同语言提醒不要打扰。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd有幸代表爱尔兰参加了北京奥运会，在周五的开幕式上，她是两名举着爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. investigating调查；B. preserving保存；C. strengthening加强；D. representing代表。根据本句“being ne f tw peple hlding Ireland’s flag during the pening ceremny n Friday”可知，Desmnd代表自己的国家，手举国旗，参加开幕式。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd有幸代表爱尔兰参加了北京奥运会，在周五的开幕式上，她是两名举着爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. hlding拿着；B. raising引起；C. preparing准备；D. string储存。根据宾语“Ireland’s flag”可知，旗手是握着旗杆，高举旗帜进入会场。故选A。
36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想我无法用语言来表达我带领团队的兴奋之情。A. set dwn放下；B. put int把……放在里面；C. pick up捡起；D. get thrugh通过。第一次参加冬运会的Desmnd作为国家的旗手，应该是激动得难以言表，put int wrds，意为“用语言表达”。故选B。
第二节：语篇填空。共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The difference between a nvelist and a prfessr is that the frmer _____37_____ (mst) uses his extrardinary creative genius t inspire peple’s passin by writing nvels，while the latter _____38_____ (pay) mre attentin t academic research. A plitician wants ____39____ (fund) his wn theries and tries t cme t pwer. A scientist hpes t make remarkable achievements and have mre inventins and patents. Take Albert Einstein fr example. He made numerus ____40____ (cntribute) t the wrld，the mst well-knwn 60. ____41____ (be) the general thery f relativity and the famus frmula E=mc2. He earned a dctrate in physics in 1905 and gradually became famus as the new Isaac Newtn. Circumstances changed in 1933， ____42____ Hitler came t pwer in Germany. Einstein，wh was Jewish，fund the drs f academic institutins ____43____ (clse) t him. As ___44___ cnsequence，he had t flee Germany. He finally tk up a psitin as a researcher at the Institute fr Advanced Study in Princetn，USA．Einstein was nt nly a genius，but als a very gentle man. He had a thick mustache and lng white hair. Despite his peculiarities，he _____45_____ (admire) by his friends and neighburs whm he encuntered. It was n 18 April 1955 ____46____ Einstein passed away, and the whle wrld murned the great lss f a brilliant scientist.
【答案】
37．mstly 38．pays 39．t fund 40．cntributins 41．being 42．when 43．clsed 44．a 45．was admired 46．that
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了伟大科学家爱因斯坦的贡献以及生平。
37．考查副词。句意：小说家和教授的区别在于，前者多是用自己非凡的创作天才通过写小说来激发人们的激情，而后者则更注重学术研究。分析句子成分可知，空处应为副词修饰动词“uses”。故填mstly。
38．考查时态。句意：小说家和教授的区别在于，前者多是用自己非凡的创作天才通过写小说来激发人们的激情，而后者则更注重学术研究。分析句子成分可知，空前“the latter”指的是前文的“a prfessr”作主语，所以空处应为谓语动词。结合本句中其他动词“uses”可知，应为一般现在时。故填pays。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：政治家想要找到自己的理论并试图掌权。want t d sth. “想要做某事”为固定搭配，不定式为宾语。故填t fund。
40．考查名词。句意：他对世界作出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。make cntributins t sth. “为……做贡献”为固定搭配。故填cntributins。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：他对世界作出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。分析句子成分可知，本句的谓语动词为“made”，且无连词，所以提示词应为非谓语动词，且和空前省略的指代“cntributin”的代词“ne”之间为主动关系，故用ding形式。故填being。
42．考查连词。句意：情况在1933年发生了变化，那时希特勒在德国掌权。分析句子成分可知，本句有两个谓语动词“changed”和“came”，无连接词，所以空处因为连接词。空前为时间，空后为完整句子，所以空处应为指代先行词1933，且在定语从句中充当时间状语的when。故填when。
43．考查形容词。句意：爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他紧闭。分析句子成分可知，主句为“主谓宾宾补”的结构，空处应为形容词作宾补，对宾语“he drs f academic institutins”进行补充说明。形容词表示状态，表示“门是关闭的”。故填clsed。
44．考查冠词。句意：因此，他不得不逃离德国。固定搭配as a cnsequence“因此，结果”。故填a。
45．考查时态语态。句意：尽管他性格古怪，但他遇到的朋友和邻居都很钦佩他。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。结合句意以及空后的“by”可知，谓语动词应为被动，照应全文时态，应为一般过去时。故填was admired。
46．考查连词。句意：1955年4月18日，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为失去一位杰出的科学家而哀悼。分析句子成分可知，应为强调句型“It ”，本句强调的是时间。故填that。
第三节：按照中文意思完成句子。（每空0.5分，共10分）
47．常言道：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”
________ ________ ________ ________: “A gd beginning is half dne.”
【答案】 As the saying ges
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句意可知，空处应为意为“正如谚语所说；常言道”的固定句型as the saying ges，此句型中as引导的为非限制性定语从句。故填As the saying ges。
48．她在信中感谢了他的帮助。
She______________ ______________ ______________ in her letter.
【答案】 acknwledged his help
【详解】考查动词及名词。根据句意及所给句子可知，“感谢”使用动词acknwledge，“他的帮助”使用his help，句子陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填①acknwledged；②his；③help。
49．我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。
________ ________ ________ ________we get this right.
【答案】 It is crucial that
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句中涉及固定句型“It is crucial that…”，意为“……是极其重要的”，句中“It”作形式主语，“that”引导的从句作真正的主语，“crucial”意为“极其重要的，至关重要的”，形容词词性，句首单词首字母大写。故填It is crucial that。
50．汤姆在聚精会神地做作业，你最好别去打扰他。
Tm is _________ _________ his hmewrk, s yu’d better _________ him _________.
【答案】 fcusing/cncentrating n leave alne
【详解】考查动词短语搭配和复合宾语结构。分析句子可知，前两空表示“正在聚精会神”，谓语动词应用现在进行时，所以空处应填固定短语搭配fcusing/ cncentrating n，表示“聚精会神”；后两空表示“别去打扰他”也就是“让他一个人待着”，要用leave的复合结构leace+宾语+宾补，所以应填固定搭配leave sb. alne，表示“让某人一个人呆着”，had better d sth.为固定用法，意为“最好做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填①fcusing/ cncentrating②n③leave④alne。
51．你既对独立有新的渴望，却又不断索取着父母的关爱和支持。
Yu have bth a new ________fr ________ and a cntinued need fr yur parents’ lve and supprt.
【答案】 desire independence
【详解】考查名词。根据句意表示“渴望”应用名词desire；表示“独立”应用名词independence。故填①desire；②independence。
52．我必须向你道歉，因为我没有及时回信。
I must_______ t yu fr nt replying t yur letter n time.
【答案】 aplgize
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文提示，aplgize t sb. fr sth.“因……向某人道歉”，must是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填①aplgize 。
53．你必须承诺按时完成任务。
Yu must ______ _______t finishing the task n time.
【答案】cmmit yurself
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“承诺做某事”，是固定短语cmmit neself t，主语是yu，反身代词用yurself，must是情态动词，其后动词用原形，因此空格处是cmmit yurself 。故填cmmit yurself 。
第四部分：写作（共两小节，满分40分）
第一节：基础写作（满分15分）
54．学校英文报正在开展以“What is yur ideal jb in the future?”为主题的讨论。你班讨论的结果主要如下：1.做工程师，为国家建设做贡献；2.做科研工作者，促进科技发展；3.做医务工作者，保护国民健康。请根据讨论结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.讨论的结果描述；
2.你的观点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Discussin n Ideal Jbs
What jb wuld yu like t d in the future?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
A Discussin n Ideal Jbs
What jb wuld yu like t d in the future? Our class had a discussin n it this week. Here are the results f ur discussin.
Sme students want t be engineers ut f the cnsideratin that engineers can make cntributins t the cnstructin f ur cuntry. Of curse, sme wuld like t be science researchers, whse wrk is f great imprtance t the develpment f science. Besides, t be medical wrkers is als a ht chice because they can prtect the natin’s health.
In my view, whatever jb we may chse in the future, we all have t d ur part fr the develpment f ur cuntry.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文投稿，介绍你班关于“What is yur ideal jb in the future?”这一话题的讨论结果，并阐明你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
当然：f curse→certainly
此外：besides→what’s mre
保护：prtect→defend
在我看来：in my view→in my pinin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our class had a discussin n it this week.
拓展句：Our class had a discussin whse tpic is “What jb wuld yu like t d in the future?” this week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of curse, sme wuld like t be science researchers, whse wrk is f great imprtance t the develpment f science.（运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, t be medical wrkers is als a ht chice because they can prtect the natin’s health.（运用了不定式作主语，because引导的原因状语从句）
第二节：读后续写（共25分）
55．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
M was waiting in the crridr utside her class. She was feeling sick. She had tw exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her wrst subject. Terry lked back at her frm the frnt f the line, and then lked away quickly. M thught she lked guilty. She didn’t have a prblem with physics; she didn’t have a prblem with anything... Miss Perfect!
“Hi, M, it’s yur favurite exam tday,” said Nina, laughing as she jined the line. Terry was lking at M again. “S what’s wrng with her?” asked Nina. “I thught yu were friends.” “Yes, s did I,” said M. “But she hasn’t spken t me fr tw weeks nw. She prmised t help me review fr the physics exam t, but then she’s ignred all my calls and texts. And when I rang her huse, her mum just tld me she was busy.” said M angrily. At that time, Mr Reed asked all the students int the exam rm.
M culdn’t answer questin number five. She lked up and saw Terry sitting tw rws in frnt f her. M culdn’t believe it! Terry was hlding her phne n her knees under the table and reading frm it. Is that hw Terry always gt such gd grades? She felt really angry at Terry, but she didn’t knw what t d. She thught abut telling the teacher, but what wuld everyne else think f her? “Stp writing and put yur pens dwn.” said Mr Reed as he started t cllect the exam papers.
M wanted t talk t Terry at lunch time, but she culdn’t find her anywhere. The next exam was histry. That was M’s favurite subject but she wasn’t feeling gd. M went t the library t study, but she culdn’t cncentrate. “It wasn’t fair!” she thught. “Terry was getting gd grades by cheating all that time,” thught M. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed.”
M was sitting behind Terry again in the histry exam that afternn. M was feeling terrible. Why had she tld Mr Reed? But it was t late nw. And anyway, Terry didn’t want t be her friend! Mr Reed wanted her t lk at her and nd if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph1：
She was wrking n the last questin when she saw that Terry have her phne under the table.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2：
M was walking twards the schl gate, when she saw Terry. “M, I want t talk t yu.”
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin：
She was wrking n the last questin when she saw that Terry have her phne under the table. M lked up and ndded t Mr. Reed. Terry was t busy lking at her phne and she didn’t hear him as he walked silently up t her table. Mr Reed didn’t say anything. He just picked up her exam paper, and tld Terry t leave the rm. Terry was crying as she walked t the dr. Everyne was staring at her and M felt really guilty nw.
M was walking twards the schl gate, when she saw Terry. “M, I want t talk t yu.” M culd see that Terry had been crying, her face was pale and her eyes were red. M culdn’t say a wrd. “Listen,” said Terry. “I’m really srry I haven’t answered any f yur calls, but we’re having a terrible time at hme. My dad had a heart attack tw weeks ag and he’s in hspital. He had a big heart peratin tday and I was very wrried abut him. I was reading texts frm my mum t see hw the peratin was ging. I’m srry I didn’t tell yu what was happening. I haven’t frgtten that yu’re a gd friend. Will yu frgive me?”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者M物理不好，她的好朋友Terry物理很好，原本答应帮助M补课，但是考试前两周Terry根本不接电话也不回短信，打电话到她家时，她妈妈说她很忙，作者很生气，结果考试当天作者M看到Terry在考试物理的时候看手机，认为Terry是在作弊，并且怀疑她以前的成绩也是假的，物理考试过后，作者想找她谈谈，但是没有见到Terry，作者纠结再三，向老师Mr Reed告发了Terry。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她正在写最后一道题时看到Terry把手机放在了桌子下面。”可知，第一段可描写作者告诉老师Terry作弊，老师现场抓到Terry看手机的情况，以及作者和Terry的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“M正朝着校门口走去，突然看到了Terry。”可知，第二段可描写Terry跟作者M解释考试看手机的真实原因以及没有帮她补习的原因。
2.续写线索：告诉老师看到Terry看手机——Terry被赶出考场——作者感受——Terry解释原因——和好
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.眼睛盯着手机看：t busy lking at her phne /with her eyes glued t the phne
②.跑（走）出教室：walk t the dr /rush ut f the class
③.拿走试卷：pick up her exam paper /take away her exam paper
情绪类
①.糟糕的：terrible /awful/bad
②.担心：be wrried abut/be cncerned abut/care abut
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Terry was crying as she walked t the dr.（由连接词as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I haven’t frgtten that yu’re a gd friend. （由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
满分:120 分 时间:120分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分,满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
China’s lng histry has seen many scientists making great cntributins t the develpment f ancient China and even the wrld. We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hpe t help yu learn mre abut Chinese science and technlgy.
Zhang Zhngjing (150-219) was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). He funded medicatin principles and summarized the medicinal experience befre his time. His famus wrk “ Shang Han Za Bing Lun ” had a majr influence n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine. Tday, this great bk was still cnsidered very imprtant in the practice f Chinese medicine.
Li Dayuan (AD 427 r 469-527) was a great Chinese gegrapher during the Nrthern Wei Dynasty (386-534). He wrte the famus wrk “ Cmmentary t the River Classic ” (Shui Jing Zhu). The bk is a great wrk n the ancient gegraphy f China and it sums up China’s gegraphy and its surrunding areas befre Nrthern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simia was an utstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He was called “ China’s King f Medicine ” fr his imprtant cntributins t Chinese traditinal medicine. Sun authred tw bks — “Qian Jin Ya Fang” and “Qian Jin Yi Fang” that were bth landmarks in Chinese medicine histry.
Shen Ku was a great Chinese scientist and plitician f the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). He cmpiled (汇编) an scientific wrk “Dream Pl Essays”, which invlves a lt descriptins abut the animals and plants in the cuntry. Shen als first described the magnetic needle cmpass, which wuld be used fr navigatin (航行). His discvery f cncept f true nrth twards the nrth ple was fur hundred years earlier than Eurpe.
1．The passage is mainly written t ________ .
A．encurage readers t learn frm these great scientists
B．explain what cntributes t the develpment f ancient China
C．braden readers’ hrizns n Chinese science and technlgy
D．intrduce the great medical cntributins Chinese scientists made
2．Whse wrk had a great effect n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine?
A．Zhang Zhngjing’sB．Li Dayuan’sC．Sun Simia’sD．Shen Ku’s
3．What d we knw abut Shen Ku?
A．He was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty.
B．He wrked n the ancient gegraphy f China.
C．He was regarded as “China’s King f Medicine”.
D．He described the animals and plants a lt in his wrk.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了四位伟大的中国科学家。
1．细节理解题。由文章第一段“We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hpe t help yu learn mre abut Chinese science and technlgy.(我们精选了几位中国古代最伟大的科学家，希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术)”可知，写这篇文章的主要目的是希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。由文章Zhang Zhngjing部分的“His famus wrk Shang han za bing lun had a majr influence n the practice f traditinal Chinese medicine.(他的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响)”可知，张仲景的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。由Shen Ku部分的“He cmpiled (汇编) an scientific wrk Dream Pl Essays , which invlves a lt descriptins abut the animals and plants in the cuntry.(他编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述)”可知，沈括编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》，其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述。故选D项。
B
“The msquitfish is ne f the 100 wrld’s wrst invasive (侵入的) species, and present methds t kill it are t expensive. It will take t much time t successfully cntrl the spread f the msquitfish,” says Givanni Plverin. “This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water. Instead f killing them ne by ne, we’re presenting an apprach that can infrm better strategies t cntrl this glbal pest. We made their wrst nightmare becme real: a rbt that scares the msquitfish but nt the ther animals arund it.”
In the presence f the rbtic fish, msquitfish wuld stay clser t each ther and spend mre time at the center f the testing area. They were unwilling t swim t unknwn waters. They als swam mre crazily, with frequent and sharp turns, than thse wh haven’t met the rbt. They swam away frm the rbt and back t their living area. The influence f fear lasted. The scared fish were less active, ate mre, and frze lnger, presenting signs f anxiety that cntinued weeks after their last encunter (相遇) with the rbt.
Fr the tadples (蝌蚪) the msquitfish usually hunt fr fd, the rbt’s presence was a change fr the better. Tadples have pr eyesight. They dn’t see the rbt well. Because the rbt changed the behavir f the msquitfish, the tadples didn’t have predatrs (捕食者) at their tails anymre and they were mre willing t explre in the testing area. “It turned ut t be a psitive thing fr tadples. Once freed frm the danger f having msquitfish arund, they were nt scared anymre. They’re happy.”
After five weeks f brief encunters between the msquitfish and the rbt, the team fund that the fish spent mre energy twards escaping than reprducing. Male fish’s bdies became thin.
“While successful at preventing msquitfish, the lab-grwn rbtic fish is nt ready t be put int the wild,” says Maurizi Prfiri. The team will still have t vercme technical challenges.
4．What d we knw abut msquitfish?
A．It is the mst dangerus species.
B．It csts t much mney t feed.
C．It is difficult t be seen by peple.
D．It is harmful t many animals in water.
5．What’s the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The msquitfish’s living area.
B．The uses f the msquitfish.
C．The msquitfish’s reactin t the rbtic fish.
D．The encunter between msquitfish and tadples.
6．What's the benefit f the rbtic fish’s presence fr the tadples?
A．They had better behavir.
B．They had n mre killers.
C．They were mre adventurus.
D．They culd see the rbt clearly.
7．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Rbts Use Fear T Fight Invasive Fish
B．Msquitfish Are The Mst Dangerus Animals
C．Invasive Fish Are Spreading All Over The Wrld
D．Rbts Fish Are Hunting And Killing Msquitfish
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。食蚊鱼是世界上100种最严重的入侵物种之一，目前杀死它的方法太昂贵了。所以人们想到更好的策略来控制这种全球害虫，利用机器人，机器人可以吓到食蚊鱼，但不会吓到它周围的其它动物。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water.”（这种全球性害虫对许多生活在水中的动物构成严重威胁）由此可知，食蚊鱼对水中的许多动物是有害的。故选D项。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the presence f the rbtic fish, msquitfish wuld stay clser t each ther and spend mre time at the center f the testing area. They were unwilling t swim t unknwn waters. They als swam mre crazily, with frequent and sharp turns, than thse wh haven’t met the rbt. They swam away frm the rbt and back t their living area. The influence f fear lasted. The scared fish were less active, ate mre, and frze lnger, presenting signs f anxiety that cntinued weeks after their last encunter with the rbt.”（在机器鱼在场的情况下，食蚊鱼会相互靠近，并在测试区的中心花费更多时间。它们不愿意游到未知的水域。与那些没有遇到机器人的人相比，它们游得更疯狂，转弯频繁而急。它们游离机器人，回到它们的生活区。恐惧的影响持续了。受惊吓的鱼不太活跃，吃得更多，不动的时间更长，表现出焦虑的迹象，这种焦虑在它们最后一次遇到机器人后持续了几周。）由此可知，第二段主要是关于食蚊鱼对机器鱼的反应。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Because the rbt changed the behavir f the msquitfish, the tadples didn't have predatrs (捕食者) at their tails anymre and they were mre willing t explre in the testing area.”（因为机器人改变了食蚊鱼的行为，蝌蚪的尾巴不再有捕食者，它们更愿意在测试区探索）由此可知，机器鱼的出现对蝌蚪的好处是蝌蚪更喜欢冒险了。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This glbal pest is a serius threat t many animals living in water. Instead f killing them ne by ne, we’re presenting an apprach that can infrm better strategies t cntrl this glbal pest. We made their wrst nightmare becme real: a rbt that scares the msquitfish but nt the ther animals arund it.”（这种全球害虫对许多生活在水中的动物构成了严重威胁。我们没有逐一杀死它们，而是提出了一种方法，可以为控制这种全球害虫提供更好的策略。我们让它们最糟糕的噩梦变成了现实：一个机器人会吓唬食蚊鱼，但不会吓唬周围的其他动物）由此可知短文的最佳标题为“机器人利用恐惧对抗入侵鱼类”。故选A项。
C
Recently, the magazine Big Think asked tp minds frm a variety f fields t cmment n what the future hlds 40 years frm nw. The result is as fllws.
It’s likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban (城市的) areas, and will have a much higher average age than peple tday. Cities therist Richard Flrida thinks urbanizatin will reinvent the educatin system f the United States, making ur ecnmy less real estate (房地产) driven and erasing(消除) the divisins between hme and wrk.
And rapidly advancing technlgy will cntinue ever mre rapidly. Cities f the future wn’t lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it’s likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live. Self-driving cars will make the rads safer and prvide faster transprts. A larger versin f driverless cars－driverless trucks － may make lng-distance drivers ut f date.
Sme lng view predictins are cmpletely dire. Envirnmentalist Bill McKibben says that if we dn’t make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it’s likely we culd see ut-f-cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls, and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.
In terms f hw we will eat, green markets funder and “real fd” supprter Nina Planck believes that there will be mre small milk prcessing plants, and mre reginal fd peratins and we’ll be healthier as a result. New Yrk Times feature writer Mark Bittman thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds, and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. And Ansn Mills farmer Glenn Rberts thinks that mre peple will be aware f the “ethical(道德的) respnsibility” t grw and preserve land-raised farm systems.
8．What may happen by 2050?
A．Mst peple will live in cities.B．The aging ppulatin will drp.
C．Hme educatin will becme a trend.D．The ecnmy will be driven by real estate.
9．What d we knw abut technlgy in the future?
A．It will give cities a science-fictin appearance.
B．It will greatly change the way peple live.
C．It will lead t an increase in the number f cars.
D．It will ensure faster transprts with fast cars.
10．What des the underlined wrd “dire” in the furth paragraph mean?
A．Interesting.B．Daring.C．Terrible.D．Creative.
11．What des Mark Bittman think f fds in the future?
A．Peple will eat healthier and fresher fds.
B．Land-raised farm systems will be imprved.
C．There will be mre reginal fd peratins.
D．Fd supplies will becme mre limited than befre.
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道杂志Big Think就40年后的世界会如何这一话题，邀请了各行各业的精英人士发表评论。并展示了评论内容。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It’s likely that by 2050 the majrity f the peple in the wrld will live in urban (城市的) areas, (到2050年，世界上大多数人可能会生活在城市地区)”可知，2050年大多数人将住在城镇地区。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cities f the future wn’t lk like “sme srt f science-fictin fantasy”, but it’s likely that technlgical advances and infrmatin verlays (VR and AR) will greatly change hw we live.(虽然将来的城市不会像科幻小说幻想的那样，但技术的进步和信息覆盖会极大地改变我们的生活)”可知，在未来科技会改变我们生活的方式。故选B项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Envirnmentalist Bill McKibben says that if we dn’t make great prgress in fighting glbal warming, it’s likely we culd see ut-f-cntrl rises in sea levels, huge crp shrtfalls, and wars ver limited freshwater resurces.(环境学家的推测：如果我们不加快与温室效应斗争，海平面上升可能会失控，粮食严重不足，因缺乏淡水资源导致的战争等问题都可能出现)”可知，这是对将来世界不好一面的推测。由此猜测dire意为“糟糕的”，与terrible同义。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“New Yrk Times feature writer Mark Bittman thinks that peple will eat fewer prcessed fds, and eat fds grwn clser t where they live. 《纽约时报》特写作家Mark Bittman认为，人们会少吃加工食品，吃离他们住的地方更近的食物)”推知，Mark Bittman认为未来人们将会吃更健康和新鲜的食物。故选A项。
第二节：共5小题，每小题2.5，共12.5分。
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is the nature f the scientific attitude, the attitude f the man r wman wh studies and applies physics, bilgy, chemistry, gelgy, engineering, medicine r any ther science?We all knw that science plays an imprtant rle in the scieties in which we live. ____12____
The first f these is the applicatin f the machines, prducts and systems f applied knwledge that scientists and technlgists develp. Thrugh technlgy, science imprves the structure f sciety and helps man t gain increasing cntrl ver his envirnment.
The secnd aspect is the applicatin by all members f sciety f the special methds f thught and actin that scientists use in their wrk. What are these special methds f thinking and acting?
____13____ —he wants t find ut hw and why the universe wrks. He usually directs his attentin twards prblems which he ntices have n satisfactry explanatin, and his curisity makes him lk fr underlying relatinships even if the data available seem t be uncnnected.
Mrever, he thinks he can imprve the existing cnditins and enjys trying t slve the prblems which this invlves. He is a gd bserver, accurate, patient and bjective and applies lgical thught t the bservatins he makes. ____14____ Fr example, trained bservers btain a very large amunt f infrmatin abut a star mainly frm the accurate analysis f the simple lines that appear in a spectrum. He is skeptical—he des nt accept statements which are nt based n the mst cmplete evidence available—and therefre rejects authrity as the sle basis fr truth. ____15____
Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he ften has t lk fr relatinships in data which are nt nly cmplex but als frequently incmplete. ____16____
These seem t be sme f the ways in which a successful scientist r technlgist thinks and acts.
A．First f all, it seems that a successful scientist is full f curisity
B．T begin with, he is nt nly critical f the wrk f thers, but als f his wn
C．Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and bjectively t verify them.
D．Furthermre, he needs imaginatin if he wants t make hyptheses f hw prcesses wrk and hw events take place.
E．He knws that man is the least reliable f scientific instruments and that a number f factrs tend t disturb bjective investigatin.
F．He uses the facts he bserves t the fullest extent.
G．Many peple believe, hwever, that ur prgress depends n tw different aspects f science.
【答案】12．G 13．A 14．F 15．C 16．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科学态度的本质及科学家的思考和行动方法。
12．根据下文的“The first f these is…(第一方面是……)”及“The secnd aspect is…(第二方面是……)”可知，G项“然而，许多人认为我们的进步取决于科学的两个不同方面”引起下文，与上文“We all knw that science plays an imprtant rle in the scieties in which we live. (我们都知道，科学在我们所生活的社会中扮演着重要的角色。)”是转折关系。故选G项。
13．上段末尾“What are these special methds f thinking and acting?( 这些特殊的思考和行动方法是什么？)”提出一个问题：科学家在工作中使用的特殊的思考和行动方法是什么？结合下文“he wants t find ut hw and why the universe wrks(他想知道宇宙是如何运作的，以及为什么会这样)”可知，A项“首先，一个成功的科学家似乎都充满了好奇心”符合语境，因此破折号后的具体解释。故选A项。
14．根据空前“He is a gd bserver, accurate, patient and bjective and applies lgical thught t the bservatins he makes.(他是一个优秀的观察者，准确、耐心和客观，并将逻辑思维应用于他所做的观察)”及空后的举例“Fr example, trained bservers btain a very large amunt f infrmatin abut a star mainly frm the accurate analysis f the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.(例如，训练有素的观测者主要通过对光谱中出现的简单线条的准确分析来获得关于一颗恒星的大量信息)”可知，F项“他最大限度地利用他所观察到的事实”符合语境，下文举例说明。故选F项。
15．根据空前“He is skeptical—he des nt accept statements which are nt based n the mst cmplete evidence available—and therefre rejects authrity as the sle basis fr truth.(他是怀疑论者——他不接受那些没有以最完整的证据为基础的陈述——因此拒绝把权威作为真理的唯一基础)”可知，科学家是怀疑论者，C项“科学家总是检查各种说法，认真客观地做实验来验证它们”符合语境。故选C项。
16．根据空前“Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he ften has t lk fr relatinships in data which are nt nly cmplex but als frequently incmplete.(最后，他的想象力非常丰富，因为他经常要在复杂而且往往不完整的数据中寻找关系)”可知，科学家的想象力丰富，D项“此外，如果他想对过程如何运作和事件如何发生作出假设，他就需要想象力”符合语境。故选D项。
第三部分：语言运用（共三部分，满分40分）
第一节：完形填空。共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。
Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics, but she is ____17____ as the first wmen’s luge(无舵雪橇)Olympian frm Ireland. She was the 26th t ____18____ the line in the first run f the wmen’s race n Mnday night, ____19____ than nne f the ther athletes. Hwever, that did nt ____20____ t her and she celebrated with a large smile n her face.
Althugh she will nt win in Beijing, she has already wn sme ____21____ . She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start ____22____ at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a(n) ____23____ jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest ____24____ simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin. S, she ____25____ ne herself; she had t self-fund.
Nw, ____26____ , she is a luge Olympian. “I’m a dctr in general surgery, I have all these really ____27____ challenges, but I think everyne has wrked as hard as they can t be here. ”She is expected t return t wrk n this Friday because she was given sme time ____28____ t cmpete in the Olympics, and nw she has ____29____ parts f her jb.
Desmnd has t balance these tw ____30____ jbs—sliding a few mnths ut f the year and living a life in medicine. There was a(n) ____31____ last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying. “I had t stick signs n my dr saying ‘D nt disturb, exam in ____32____ , in abut six different ____33____ .”
Desmnd gt the hnr f ____34____ her cuntry in Beijing, and being ne f tw peple ____35____ Ireland’s flag during the pening ceremny n Friday. “I dn’t think I can ____36____ wrds hw excited I was t lead ut the team. I really hpe that I make my cuntry prud.”
17．A．visitingB．studyingC．leadingD．cmpeting
18．A．breakB．crssC．fllwD．draw
19．A．slwerB．lwerC．fasterD．higher
20．A．upsetB．respndC．happenD．matter
21．A．ptentialsB．challengesC．peratinsD．alternatives
22．A．swimmingB．slidingC．sailingD．running
23．A．financialB．athleticC．medicalD．educatinal
24．A．expectatinB．achievementC．difficultyD．pleasure
25．A．startedB．stppedC．cntinuedD．jined
26．A．privatelyB．traditinallyC．similarlyD．fficially
27．A．visibleB．imaginaryC．absurdD．dangerus
28．A．ffB．upC．utD．away
29．A．ruinedB．exceededC．cveredD．delayed
30．A．frustratingB．rewardingC．demandingD．embarrassing
31．A．interviewB．timeC．vacatinD．chance
32．A．peaceB．needC．prgressD．public
33．A．charactersB．apprachesC．stylesD．languages
34．A．investigatingB．preservingC．strengtheningD．representing
35．A．hldingB．raisingC．preparingD．string
36．A．set dwnB．put intC．pick upD．get thrugh
【答案】
17．D 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．D 35．A 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了克服了种种困难，最终才能参加冬奥会的一名普外科医生Elsa Desmnd以爱尔兰的第一名无舵雪橇奥运女选手的身份参加了北京冬奥会，尽管在第一场角逐中就已经排在第26位，但是她依旧满心欢喜。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elsa Desmnd知道她不会在北京冬奥会上赢得奖牌，但她作为第一位来自爱尔兰的女子无舵雪橇奥运选手参加了北京冬奥会。A. visiting拜访，游览；B. studying学习 ；C. leading领导；D. cmpeting参赛。根据本句“Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，她是来参加冬奥会的。故选D。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在周一晚上的第一轮女子比赛中，她是第26个冲过终点线的运动员，比其他任何运动员都慢。A. break打破；B. crss越过；C. fllw眼随；D. draw吸引。根据下文“Hwever, that did nt upset t her”可知，前后为对照关系，说明Elsa比赛成绩落后于任何其他选手，但是冲过终点线，排名第26。故选B。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在周一晚上的第一轮女子比赛中，她是第26个冲过终点线的运动员，没有比其他任何运动员都快。A. slwer更慢的；B. lwer更低的；C. faster更快的；D. higher更简高的。根据本句“She was the 26th t crss the line”可知，她比别的选手滑得慢，也就是没有比他们中任更何人快。故选C。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这对她来说并不重要，她脸上挂着灿烂的微笑庆祝。A. upset失落；B. respnd回应；C. happen发生；D. matter起作用，要紧。根据本句“She celebrated with a large smile n her face.”可知，尽管比赛成绩不如别人，她还是满怀喜悦地庆祝，可知她第26的名次对她来说并不重要。故选D。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她不会在北京获胜，但她已经战胜了一些挑战。A. ptentials潜力；B. challenges挑战；C. peratin操作，手术；D. alternatives选择。根据下文的“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start sliding at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a medical jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，她在此之前，面临并且克服了很多的困难挑战，才得以最终参加冬奥会。故选B。
22．查动词词义辨析。句意：人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由：她太矮了，她不是从小就开始滑雪橇的，她无法在医疗工作和参加体育比赛之间取得平衡。A. swimming游泳；B. sliding滑；C. sailing航行；D. running跑步。从上文“Elsa Desmnd knws she is nt ging t win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics, but she is cmpeting as the first wmen’s luge(无舵雪橇) Olympian frm Ireland.”可知，Elsa Desmnd参加的奥运项是无舵滑雪。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由：她太矮了，她不是从小就开始滑雪橇的，她无法在医疗工作和参加体育比赛之间取得平衡。A. financial经济的；B. athletic运动的；C. medical医疗的；D. educatinal教育的。根据后文“I’m a dctr in general surgery.”可知，她是从事医学方面的工作。故选C。
24．考查名词词词义辨析。句意：最大的困难可能是爱尔兰没有雪橇组织。A. expectatin期待；B. achievement成绩；C. difficulty困难；D. pleasure高兴。根据上文“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete”可知，人们给了她许多不能参加比赛的理由和困难。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，她自己创办了一家雪橇组织，她不得不自筹资金。A. started创立；B. stpped停止；C. cntinued继续；D. jined加入。上文中“The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，因为爱尔兰没有此类组织，只能她自己创办。故选A。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，她正式地成为奥运会无舵雪橇选手。A. privately私下地；B. traditinally传统上地；C. similarly相似地；D. fficially正式地，官方地。根据下文“Desmnd gt the hnr f representing her cuntry in Beijing,”可知，她在北京代表她的国家，因此她是爱尔兰的正式的奥运选手。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一名普通外科医生，我有所有这些显而易见的挑战，但我认为每个人都尽了最大努力才来到这里。A. visible显而易见的；B. imaginary想象的；C. absurd荒谬的；D. dangerus危险的。根据上文“She had been given many reasns why she culd nt cmpete: she is t shrt, she did nt start sliding at a yung age, and she culd nt balance a medical jb with cmpeting in a sprt. The biggest difficulty simply might have been that Ireland did nt have a luge rganizatin.”可知，挑战显而易见。故选A。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她预计将于本周五返回工作岗位，因为她离开一段时间去参加奥运会，现在她已经推迟了部分工作。A. ff离开；B. up向上；C. ut出去；D. away远离。根据句意可知，她为了参加奥运会比赛推迟了部分医务工作可知，医院给了她离开的时间，才使她可以去参加冬奥会。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她预计将于本周五返回工作岗位，因为她离开一段时间去参加奥运会，现在她已经推迟了部分工作。A.ruined毁坏；B. exceeded超过；C．cvered覆盖；D．delayed推迟。根据本句“She is expected t return t wrk n this Friday”可知，她是推迟了工作来参赛的。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd必须在这两份要求很高的工作之间找到平衡——一年中抽出几个月的时间来滑雪，同时又要从事医学研究。A. frustrating令人沮丧的；B. rewarding值得的；C. demanding要求高的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文“There was a time last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying.”可知，Desmnd既要抽时间滑雪又要要从事医学研究。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：上一季有一段时间，她不得不在德国的酒店里接受重要的体检，而来自不同国家的滑雪者们也住在那里。A. interview采访；B.time时间；C. vacatin假期；D. chance机会。固定句型there was a time when... “曾经有一段时间……”。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不得不在门上贴标语，用六种语言写着‘请勿打扰，考试正在进行中’。” 。A. peace和平；B. need需要；C. prgress进展；D. public公众。根据“D nt disturb”可知，考试在进行中，请不要打扰。in prgress意为“进行中”。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不得不在门上贴标语，用六种语言写着‘请勿打扰，考试正在进行中’。” 。Desmnd获得了代表爱尔兰参加北京奥运会的荣誉，并成为周五开幕式上两名持爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. characters特点；B. appraches方法；C.styles风格；D. languages语言。根据前文“There was a time last seasn when she had t take imprtant medical examinatins in htels in Germany where ther sliders frm different cuntries were staying.”可知，来自不同国家的人都住在这个酒店，所以是用不同语言提醒不要打扰。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd有幸代表爱尔兰参加了北京奥运会，在周五的开幕式上，她是两名举着爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. investigating调查；B. preserving保存；C. strengthening加强；D. representing代表。根据本句“being ne f tw peple hlding Ireland’s flag during the pening ceremny n Friday”可知，Desmnd代表自己的国家，手举国旗，参加开幕式。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Desmnd有幸代表爱尔兰参加了北京奥运会，在周五的开幕式上，她是两名举着爱尔兰国旗的人之一。A. hlding拿着；B. raising引起；C. preparing准备；D. string储存。根据宾语“Ireland’s flag”可知，旗手是握着旗杆，高举旗帜进入会场。故选A。
36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想我无法用语言来表达我带领团队的兴奋之情。A. set dwn放下；B. put int把……放在里面；C. pick up捡起；D. get thrugh通过。第一次参加冬运会的Desmnd作为国家的旗手，应该是激动得难以言表，put int wrds，意为“用语言表达”。故选B。
第二节：语篇填空。共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The difference between a nvelist and a prfessr is that the frmer _____37_____ (mst) uses his extrardinary creative genius t inspire peple’s passin by writing nvels，while the latter _____38_____ (pay) mre attentin t academic research. A plitician wants ____39____ (fund) his wn theries and tries t cme t pwer. A scientist hpes t make remarkable achievements and have mre inventins and patents. Take Albert Einstein fr example. He made numerus ____40____ (cntribute) t the wrld，the mst well-knwn 60. ____41____ (be) the general thery f relativity and the famus frmula E=mc2. He earned a dctrate in physics in 1905 and gradually became famus as the new Isaac Newtn. Circumstances changed in 1933， ____42____ Hitler came t pwer in Germany. Einstein，wh was Jewish，fund the drs f academic institutins ____43____ (clse) t him. As ___44___ cnsequence，he had t flee Germany. He finally tk up a psitin as a researcher at the Institute fr Advanced Study in Princetn，USA．Einstein was nt nly a genius，but als a very gentle man. He had a thick mustache and lng white hair. Despite his peculiarities，he _____45_____ (admire) by his friends and neighburs whm he encuntered. It was n 18 April 1955 ____46____ Einstein passed away, and the whle wrld murned the great lss f a brilliant scientist.
【答案】
37．mstly 38．pays 39．t fund 40．cntributins 41．being 42．when 43．clsed 44．a 45．was admired 46．that
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了伟大科学家爱因斯坦的贡献以及生平。
37．考查副词。句意：小说家和教授的区别在于，前者多是用自己非凡的创作天才通过写小说来激发人们的激情，而后者则更注重学术研究。分析句子成分可知，空处应为副词修饰动词“uses”。故填mstly。
38．考查时态。句意：小说家和教授的区别在于，前者多是用自己非凡的创作天才通过写小说来激发人们的激情，而后者则更注重学术研究。分析句子成分可知，空前“the latter”指的是前文的“a prfessr”作主语，所以空处应为谓语动词。结合本句中其他动词“uses”可知，应为一般现在时。故填pays。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：政治家想要找到自己的理论并试图掌权。want t d sth. “想要做某事”为固定搭配，不定式为宾语。故填t fund。
40．考查名词。句意：他对世界作出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。make cntributins t sth. “为……做贡献”为固定搭配。故填cntributins。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：他对世界作出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。分析句子成分可知，本句的谓语动词为“made”，且无连词，所以提示词应为非谓语动词，且和空前省略的指代“cntributin”的代词“ne”之间为主动关系，故用ding形式。故填being。
42．考查连词。句意：情况在1933年发生了变化，那时希特勒在德国掌权。分析句子成分可知，本句有两个谓语动词“changed”和“came”，无连接词，所以空处因为连接词。空前为时间，空后为完整句子，所以空处应为指代先行词1933，且在定语从句中充当时间状语的when。故填when。
43．考查形容词。句意：爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他紧闭。分析句子成分可知，主句为“主谓宾宾补”的结构，空处应为形容词作宾补，对宾语“he drs f academic institutins”进行补充说明。形容词表示状态，表示“门是关闭的”。故填clsed。
44．考查冠词。句意：因此，他不得不逃离德国。固定搭配as a cnsequence“因此，结果”。故填a。
45．考查时态语态。句意：尽管他性格古怪，但他遇到的朋友和邻居都很钦佩他。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。结合句意以及空后的“by”可知，谓语动词应为被动，照应全文时态，应为一般过去时。故填was admired。
46．考查连词。句意：1955年4月18日，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为失去一位杰出的科学家而哀悼。分析句子成分可知，应为强调句型“It ”，本句强调的是时间。故填that。
第三节：按照中文意思完成句子。（每空0.5分，共10分）
47．常言道：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”
________ ________ ________ ________: “A gd beginning is half dne.”
【答案】 As the saying ges
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句意可知，空处应为意为“正如谚语所说；常言道”的固定句型as the saying ges，此句型中as引导的为非限制性定语从句。故填As the saying ges。
48．她在信中感谢了他的帮助。
She______________ ______________ ______________ in her letter.
【答案】 acknwledged his help
【详解】考查动词及名词。根据句意及所给句子可知，“感谢”使用动词acknwledge，“他的帮助”使用his help，句子陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填①acknwledged；②his；③help。
49．我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。
________ ________ ________ ________we get this right.
【答案】 It is crucial that
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句中涉及固定句型“It is crucial that…”，意为“……是极其重要的”，句中“It”作形式主语，“that”引导的从句作真正的主语，“crucial”意为“极其重要的，至关重要的”，形容词词性，句首单词首字母大写。故填It is crucial that。
50．汤姆在聚精会神地做作业，你最好别去打扰他。
Tm is _________ _________ his hmewrk, s yu’d better _________ him _________.
【答案】 fcusing/cncentrating n leave alne
【详解】考查动词短语搭配和复合宾语结构。分析句子可知，前两空表示“正在聚精会神”，谓语动词应用现在进行时，所以空处应填固定短语搭配fcusing/ cncentrating n，表示“聚精会神”；后两空表示“别去打扰他”也就是“让他一个人待着”，要用leave的复合结构leace+宾语+宾补，所以应填固定搭配leave sb. alne，表示“让某人一个人呆着”，had better d sth.为固定用法，意为“最好做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填①fcusing/ cncentrating②n③leave④alne。
51．你既对独立有新的渴望，却又不断索取着父母的关爱和支持。
Yu have bth a new ________fr ________ and a cntinued need fr yur parents’ lve and supprt.
【答案】 desire independence
【详解】考查名词。根据句意表示“渴望”应用名词desire；表示“独立”应用名词independence。故填①desire；②independence。
52．我必须向你道歉，因为我没有及时回信。
I must_______ t yu fr nt replying t yur letter n time.
【答案】 aplgize
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文提示，aplgize t sb. fr sth.“因……向某人道歉”，must是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填①aplgize 。
53．你必须承诺按时完成任务。
Yu must ______ _______t finishing the task n time.
【答案】cmmit yurself
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“承诺做某事”，是固定短语cmmit neself t，主语是yu，反身代词用yurself，must是情态动词，其后动词用原形，因此空格处是cmmit yurself 。故填cmmit yurself 。
第四部分：写作（共两小节，满分40分）
第一节：基础写作（满分15分）
54．学校英文报正在开展以“What is yur ideal jb in the future?”为主题的讨论。你班讨论的结果主要如下：1.做工程师，为国家建设做贡献；2.做科研工作者，促进科技发展；3.做医务工作者，保护国民健康。请根据讨论结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.讨论的结果描述；
2.你的观点。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Discussin n Ideal Jbs
What jb wuld yu like t d in the future?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
A Discussin n Ideal Jbs
What jb wuld yu like t d in the future? Our class had a discussin n it this week. Here are the results f ur discussin.
Sme students want t be engineers ut f the cnsideratin that engineers can make cntributins t the cnstructin f ur cuntry. Of curse, sme wuld like t be science researchers, whse wrk is f great imprtance t the develpment f science. Besides, t be medical wrkers is als a ht chice because they can prtect the natin’s health.
In my view, whatever jb we may chse in the future, we all have t d ur part fr the develpment f ur cuntry.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文投稿，介绍你班关于“What is yur ideal jb in the future?”这一话题的讨论结果，并阐明你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
当然：f curse→certainly
此外：besides→what’s mre
保护：prtect→defend
在我看来：in my view→in my pinin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our class had a discussin n it this week.
拓展句：Our class had a discussin whse tpic is “What jb wuld yu like t d in the future?” this week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of curse, sme wuld like t be science researchers, whse wrk is f great imprtance t the develpment f science.（运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, t be medical wrkers is als a ht chice because they can prtect the natin’s health.（运用了不定式作主语，because引导的原因状语从句）
第二节：读后续写（共25分）
55．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
M was waiting in the crridr utside her class. She was feeling sick. She had tw exams that day and physics was first. She really hated physics. It was her wrst subject. Terry lked back at her frm the frnt f the line, and then lked away quickly. M thught she lked guilty. She didn’t have a prblem with physics; she didn’t have a prblem with anything... Miss Perfect!
“Hi, M, it’s yur favurite exam tday,” said Nina, laughing as she jined the line. Terry was lking at M again. “S what’s wrng with her?” asked Nina. “I thught yu were friends.” “Yes, s did I,” said M. “But she hasn’t spken t me fr tw weeks nw. She prmised t help me review fr the physics exam t, but then she’s ignred all my calls and texts. And when I rang her huse, her mum just tld me she was busy.” said M angrily. At that time, Mr Reed asked all the students int the exam rm.
M culdn’t answer questin number five. She lked up and saw Terry sitting tw rws in frnt f her. M culdn’t believe it! Terry was hlding her phne n her knees under the table and reading frm it. Is that hw Terry always gt such gd grades? She felt really angry at Terry, but she didn’t knw what t d. She thught abut telling the teacher, but what wuld everyne else think f her? “Stp writing and put yur pens dwn.” said Mr Reed as he started t cllect the exam papers.
M wanted t talk t Terry at lunch time, but she culdn’t find her anywhere. The next exam was histry. That was M’s favurite subject but she wasn’t feeling gd. M went t the library t study, but she culdn’t cncentrate. “It wasn’t fair!” she thught. “Terry was getting gd grades by cheating all that time,” thught M. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed.”
M was sitting behind Terry again in the histry exam that afternn. M was feeling terrible. Why had she tld Mr Reed? But it was t late nw. And anyway, Terry didn’t want t be her friend! Mr Reed wanted her t lk at her and nd if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph1：
She was wrking n the last questin when she saw that Terry have her phne under the table.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2：
M was walking twards the schl gate, when she saw Terry. “M, I want t talk t yu.”
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin：
She was wrking n the last questin when she saw that Terry have her phne under the table. M lked up and ndded t Mr. Reed. Terry was t busy lking at her phne and she didn’t hear him as he walked silently up t her table. Mr Reed didn’t say anything. He just picked up her exam paper, and tld Terry t leave the rm. Terry was crying as she walked t the dr. Everyne was staring at her and M felt really guilty nw.
M was walking twards the schl gate, when she saw Terry. “M, I want t talk t yu.” M culd see that Terry had been crying, her face was pale and her eyes were red. M culdn’t say a wrd. “Listen,” said Terry. “I’m really srry I haven’t answered any f yur calls, but we’re having a terrible time at hme. My dad had a heart attack tw weeks ag and he’s in hspital. He had a big heart peratin tday and I was very wrried abut him. I was reading texts frm my mum t see hw the peratin was ging. I’m srry I didn’t tell yu what was happening. I haven’t frgtten that yu’re a gd friend. Will yu frgive me?”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者M物理不好，她的好朋友Terry物理很好，原本答应帮助M补课，但是考试前两周Terry根本不接电话也不回短信，打电话到她家时，她妈妈说她很忙，作者很生气，结果考试当天作者M看到Terry在考试物理的时候看手机，认为Terry是在作弊，并且怀疑她以前的成绩也是假的，物理考试过后，作者想找她谈谈，但是没有见到Terry，作者纠结再三，向老师Mr Reed告发了Terry。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她正在写最后一道题时看到Terry把手机放在了桌子下面。”可知，第一段可描写作者告诉老师Terry作弊，老师现场抓到Terry看手机的情况，以及作者和Terry的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“M正朝着校门口走去，突然看到了Terry。”可知，第二段可描写Terry跟作者M解释考试看手机的真实原因以及没有帮她补习的原因。
2.续写线索：告诉老师看到Terry看手机——Terry被赶出考场——作者感受——Terry解释原因——和好
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.眼睛盯着手机看：t busy lking at her phne /with her eyes glued t the phne
②.跑（走）出教室：walk t the dr /rush ut f the class
③.拿走试卷：pick up her exam paper /take away her exam paper
情绪类
①.糟糕的：terrible /awful/bad
②.担心：be wrried abut/be cncerned abut/care abut
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Terry was crying as she walked t the dr.（由连接词as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I haven’t frgtten that yu’re a gd friend. （由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
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